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Sadath A, Kavalidou K, McMahon E, Malone K, McLoughlin A. Associations between humiliation, shame, self-harm and suicidality among adolescents and young adults: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292691. [PMID: 38329967 PMCID: PMC10852296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is the second leading cause of death among young people worldwide. Research indicates that negative social contexts involving familial and peer relationships have far-reaching influences on levels of suicidality in later life. While previous systematic reviews have focused on evaluating associations between negative life events such as abuse and bullying in childhood and subsequent suicidality, this systematic review examines the prevalence of, and association between the processes of humiliation and shame in later self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicide among adolescents and young adults. METHODS A systematic literature search of databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase was conducted to identify potential studies. ProQuest was searched to identify relevant grey literature research. A combination of MESH terms and keywords was used. All original quantitative studies published in English that examined the prevalence, or association between humiliation or shame and suicidal behaviours and/or death by suicide were included. Studies were assessed for methodological quality using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) [CRD42022289843]. RESULTS Narrative synthesis was performed. A total of 33 studies reporting the prevalence of, or association between humiliation (n = 10) or shame (n = 23) and suicidal thoughts/behaviours were included. The prevalence of humiliation among those with any suicidality ranged from 18% to 28.1%, excluding an outlier (67.1%), with two studies presenting a significant association between humiliation and self-harm in their fully adjusted analyses. The studies that outlined humiliation and suicidal thinking (intent/suicide plan) had no association after adjustment for confounders. For shame, half of the studies found an association in adjusted models (n = 10), and this was evident for both suicidal ideation and self-harm. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study to attempt a systematic review on this topic. The dearth of research in this field of enquiry is reflective of unique challenges associated with assessments of humiliation and shame in various clinical settings amongst adolescent and young adult populations. Nonetheless, given the importance and relevance of the psychological imprint of humiliation in youth morbidity and mortality in the field of mental health, it is timely to attempt such a systematic review. In light of the associated role of humiliation and shame in self-harm and suicidality among young people, we recommend that these processes need to be explored further via prospective studies and assessed as part of a comprehensive bio-psycho-social assessment when focusing on life stressors for adolescent and young adults presenting with suicidality to emergency departments and mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anvar Sadath
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Katerina Kavalidou
- National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Clinical Programme, Health Service Executive (HSE), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elaine McMahon
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kevin Malone
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoibheann McLoughlin
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Research, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Parental pressure and intrapersonal risk factors in relation to non-suicidal self-injury outcomes in university students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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3
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Janssen WF, Hamza CA. What Do We Still Need to Know? Pressing Issues and Promising Directions in Research on Perfectionism and Nonsuicidal Self-injury. Front Psychol 2022; 13:873410. [PMID: 35664164 PMCID: PMC9158460 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.873410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- William F Janssen
- Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chloe A Hamza
- Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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4
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A Person-Centered Approach to Adolescent Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Predictors and Correlates in a Community Sample. J Youth Adolesc 2022; 51:1760-1773. [PMID: 35590029 PMCID: PMC9279201 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Growing incidence of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and a lack of intensive examination of NSSI variability among adolescents justify identification of latent classes based on the endorsement of different NSSI behaviors. Latent class analysis was used to detect the heterogeneity of past month NSSI among 322 high school students (73.2% female). Two interpretable latent classes emerged. The Severe/Multimethod NSSI class (39%) engaged in almost all forms of NSSI with high intensity and motivated mainly for intrapersonal reasons. The results imply that compared to Mild/Moderate NSSI group (61%), the Severe class is at greater risk for poor mental health, which can exacerbate further NSSI acts. In school settings, identifying adolescents who are vulnerable for more severe NSSI can help to interrupt NSSI trajectories to emerging adulthood.
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5
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Gu H, Hu C, Wang L. Maladaptive perfectionism and adolescent NSSI: A moderated mediation model of psychological distress and mindfulness. J Clin Psychol 2022; 78:1137-1150. [PMID: 34993958 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maladaptive perfectionism has been shown to be associated with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents. Based on the functional model of self-injury, we predicted that this association is due to the mediating effect of psychological distress. We also tested the assumption that being mindful-that is, being able to accept rather than escape the psychological distress-would be a protective factor in this process. METHODS Eight hundred and forty-one Chinese adolescents completed online questionnaires concerning maladaptive perfectionism, psychological distress, mindfulness, and NSSI. RESULTS Regression-based analyses showed that maladaptive perfectionism predicted adolescents' NSSI through the indirect effect of psychological distress. Mindfulness weakened the indirect effect. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that self-injury serves a function in emotion regulation and the communication of distress. The results also have implications for practice: Maladaptive perfectionism should be assessed as a risk factor for NSSI, and teaching mindfulness may be an effective intervention for adolescents who engage in this high-risk behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Gu
- Department of Psychology, Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang Hu
- School of Public Finance and Taxation, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhao Wang
- Department of Student Affairs, Guangzhou Civil Aviation College, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Fong ZH, Loh WNC, Fong YJ, Neo HLM, Chee TT. Parenting behaviors, parenting styles, and non-suicidal self-injury in young people: a systematic review. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 27:61-81. [PMID: 34866412 DOI: 10.1177/13591045211055071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a worrying phenomenon that is prevalent among young people. Prior theorizing and empirical evidence suggest that parenting may play a role in the etiology of NSSI. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to examine the association between parenting behaviors and parenting styles with NSSI in young people. METHODS The following databases were searched for relevant articles in July 2020: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, and PsycINFO. Studies were included if they sampled young persons aged 10-25 years old with a history of NSSI, assessed parenting behavior or style, and tested associations between parenting and NSSI outcomes. RESULTS A total of 26 studies were included in this review. Among parenting behaviors, low parental support, high psychological control, and high reactive control were more consistently associated with NSSI. Conversely, the evidence for behavioral control is equivocal. There is some evidence that invalidating parenting is also associated with NSSI. CONCLUSION Consistent with the wider adolescent psychopathology literature, parenting that is perceived to be supportive, less psychologically controlling and reactive/punitive were less likely to be associated with NSSI. However, these results were largely based on child reports of parenting. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hui Fong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 37580National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan Ning Charisse Loh
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 37580National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Jie Fong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 37580National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Ling Michelle Neo
- Department of Psychological Medicine, 59053National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tji Tjian Chee
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 37580National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychological Medicine, 59053National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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7
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Wekerle C, Kim K, Wong N. Child Sexual Abuse Victimization: Focus on Self-Compassion. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:818774. [PMID: 35308875 PMCID: PMC8924043 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.818774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katherine Kim
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nikki Wong
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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8
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Nagy LM, Shanahan ML, Baer RA. An experimental investigation of the effects of self-criticism and self-compassion on implicit associations with non-suicidal self-injury. Behav Res Ther 2021; 139:103819. [PMID: 33640591 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2021.103819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is the intentional destruction of bodily tissue in the absence of suicidal motives. Individuals who self-injure often report doing so in order to punish the self or express self-hatred. Self-criticism, or thoughts marked by shame, self-consciousness, and inferiority, is associated with higher rates of NSSI while self-compassion, or the tendency to be sympathetic and caring with oneself, is negatively associated with NSSI. The aim of the present study was to determine whether experimentally-induced self-criticism would increase and self-compassion would decrease implicit identification with NSSI. Participants were randomly assigned to either a self-criticism induction, a self-compassion induction, or a neutral, control condition and completed a measure of strength of the automatic associations that a person holds between themselves and self-harming behaviors before and after the experimental induction. Study hypotheses were partially supported. Results showed that participants in the self-criticism induction experienced an increase in their implicit associations with NSSI while implicit associations in the self-compassion condition did not significantly change. These results highlight the importance of self-criticism in NSSI. Future research should examine increases in self-criticism as a potential precursor of NSSI in longitudinal samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Nagy
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, United States.
| | - Mackenzie L Shanahan
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Purdue University Indianapolis, United States
| | - Ruth A Baer
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, United States
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9
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Wall K, Kerr S, Nguyen M, Sharp C. The relation between measures of explicit shame and borderline personality features in adolescent inpatients. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:458-464. [PMID: 33422823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shame is a highly negative emotion frequently experienced by individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) as well as those with internalizing or externalizing psychopathology. However, few studies have examined whether shame is related to BPD above and beyond other psychopathology. Further, although feelings of shame peak during adolescence, coinciding with the onset of BPD, very few studies have examined the relationship between shame and BPD in adolescence. Therefore, the current study examined (1) whether levels of shame differ between adolescent psychiatric inpatients with and without BPD and (2) whether borderline personality pathology accounts for additional variance in the experience of shame above and beyond internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. METHODS Adolescent psychiatric inpatients (n = 184, 67% female, M age = 15.26) completed clinical interviews and self-report measures as well as self-report measures of three types of explicit shame: state-shame, shame-proneness, and trait-shame. RESULTS T-tests revealed that adolescents with BPD reported significantly higher levels of each type of explicit shame. In hierarchical regression models, borderline personality features explained significant additional variance in shame-proneness and trait-shame while controlling for age, gender, and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. LIMITATIONS Our sample was limited by a lack of demographic diversity and healthy control group, and the study did not examine relations with unique internalizing/externalizing disorders or features of BPD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings contribute to growing evidence that shame is an important component of BPD, particularly during adolescence, and suggest that shame should be addressed in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wall
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, 3695 Cullen Blvd, Room 126, Houston, TX, United States
| | - S Kerr
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, 3695 Cullen Blvd, Room 126, Houston, TX, United States
| | - M Nguyen
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, 3695 Cullen Blvd, Room 126, Houston, TX, United States
| | - C Sharp
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, 3695 Cullen Blvd, Room 126, Houston, TX, United States.
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10
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Profiles of Emotion Dysregulation Among University Students Who Self-Injure: Associations with Parent-Child Relationships and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Characteristics. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 50:767-787. [PMID: 33449284 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
More research is needed to understand the different vulnerability profiles of university students who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). This study sought to classify university students (n = 479; 83.8% female) aged 17-25 years (M = 18.77; SD = 1.42) who had engaged in NSSI within the past year into latent profiles based on their self-perceived difficulties in regulating both positive and negative emotions. Independent samples of students who had a past history of NSSI but had not self-injured within the previous year (n = 439; 82.9% females; Mage = 19.03, SD = 1.62) and who had no history of NSSI (n = 1551; 69.9% females; Mage = 19.02, SD = 1.55) were recruited for comparison purposes. Latent cluster analyses revealed three emotion regulation profiles within the NSSI sample-the Average Difficulties (47.4%), Dysregulated (33.0%), and Low Difficulties (19.6%) profiles-each of which differed meaningfully from both comparison samples on mean emotion regulation difficulties. Students across profiles also differed in their self-reported experiences with parents, particularly with fathers (pressure, antipathy, unresolved attachment, psychological control), and in the extent to which they felt alienated from parents. Lastly, students across profiles differed in the frequency, methods, functions, and addictive properties of their NSSI. Findings highlight that university students who self-injure experience distinct patterns of difficulties with emotion regulation, which are associated with variation in parent-child relational risk factors and NSSI outcomes.
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11
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Gyori D, Balazs J. Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Perfectionism: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:691147. [PMID: 34305684 PMCID: PMC8293614 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.691147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and perfectionism mean a huge concern related to mental health and psychopathology. Recently, there has been a growing interest in research on the exploration of the association of perfectionism and NSSI, but till today there is no systematic review has been prepared in this topic. Aims: Therefore, we performed a systematic literature review of published studies that investigated the association between NSSI and perfectionism. Methods: The systematic search was made on PubMed, OVID Medline, PsychInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search terms were ("nonsuicidal self-injury" OR "nonsuicidal self-injury" OR NSSI OR "self-injury" OR "self-injurious behavior" OR SIB OR "self-harm" OR "deliberate self-harm" OR DSH) AND (perfectionism). The inclusion criteria were as follows: written in English; reported empirical data; used validated self-report measures; investigated the association of nonsuicidal self-injury and perfectionism. There were no restrictions on participants regarding age, gender, race or ethnicity. Exclusion criteria: not written in English; was a review/meta-analysis; measured suicide behavior; measured self-injury irrespective of motivation or suicidal intent; was not about the association between nonsuicidal self-injury and perfectionism. Results: After the screening process, 15 studies were included in our systematic review. The majority of studies (12) were published in the last 10 years. Nine (60%) recruited participants from community samples, four (26.7%) from clinical populations, and two (13.3%) both from community and clinical participants. Fourteen (93.3%) of the studies were cross-sectional studies, and one study contained a longitudinal investigation. The majority of studies included only or mainly female participants (62.3-87.2%) and two studies contained a balanced male-female ratio population. Fourteen (93.3%) studies from the 15 studies found a significant positive association between NSSI and perfectionism. Limitations: The heterogeneity of used instruments makes it difficult to compare the results of involved studies. Only two studies investigated populations with balanced gender ratios. Only two studies examined both clinical and community populations. Clinical investigations enrolled mainly eating-disordered (ED) patients. Conclusions: The results of the current systematic review highlight the role of perfectionism in NSSI engagement. This systematic review may help the development of effective prevention initiatives and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Gyori
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Balazs
- Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Psychology, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Invalidating Caregiving Environments, Specific Emotion Regulation Deficits, and Non-suicidal Self-injury. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020; 51:39-47. [PMID: 31243625 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-019-00908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the indirect effects of distinct aspects of invalidating caregiving environments (i.e., paternal maltreatment, maternal maltreatment, and perceived alienation) on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) via six specific emotion regulation difficulties. We hypothesized that specific emotion regulation deficits would mediate associations between invalidating environments and NSSI. Participants included 114 young adults (57 self-injurers; 57 age- and sex-matched comparison participants) aged 17-25 years. Three parallel mediation models tested hypotheses. Results showed that maternal maltreatment, paternal maltreatment, and perceived alienation indirectly predicted NSSI through poor emotional clarity. Maternal maltreatment uniquely predicted NSSI through limited access to regulation strategies. Lastly, maternal maltreatment and perceived alienation were both linked to greater difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior during emotional upsets; however, contrary to hypotheses, this particular deficit was associated with decreased odds of engaging in NSSI. Findings illustrate how different aspects of invalidating environments and specific emotion regulation deficits may be implicated in NSSI engagement.
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13
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Nitkowski D, Wünsch-Leiteritz W, Braks K, Hristova S, Petermann F. Indirekte und direkte nichtsuizidale Selbstverletzungen bei Mädchen und jungen Frauen mit Essstörungen. KINDHEIT UND ENTWICKLUNG 2019. [DOI: 10.1026/0942-5403/a000293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Nichtsuizidales selbstverletzendes Verhalten (NSSV) tritt häufig bei Essstörungen auf. Die Befundlage zum Zusammenhang zwischen einem restriktiv-asketischen beziehungsweise bulimischen Essverhalten und NSSV ist jedoch nicht konsistent. Es wird geprüft, ob borderlinespezifische Gedanken die Beziehung zwischen asketischen beziehungsweise bulimischen Essverhalten auf der einen Seite und NSSV auf der anderen Seite mediieren. Eine Stichprobe von 74 Mädchen und jungen Frauen im Alter von 14 bis 21 Jahren ( M = 17.49; SD = 1.85), die eine Anorexie oder eine Bulimie aufweisen, bearbeiteten Fragebögen zu NSSV, borderlinespezifischen Gedanken sowie zu asketischen und bulimischen Verhaltensweisen. Borderline-Gedanken mediierten den Zusammenhang zwischen asketischem Verhalten auf der einen Seite und der Anzahl an bisher genutzten NSSV-Methoden und NSSI zur psychischen Regulation auf der anderen Seite. Bei Bulimie fand sich hingegen keine Mediation. Ein asketisches Verhalten ist bei Mädchen und jungen Frauen mit einer Essstörung über Borderline-Gedankenmuster mit der Anzahl an NSSV-Methoden und der Nutzung von NSSV zur psychischen Regulation verbunden. Ein primär durch Essattacken gekennzeichnetes Verhalten weist keinen Zusammenhang mit NSSV auf. Die verschiedenen Arten von gestörtem Essverhalten sollten separat auf einen Zusammenhang mit NSSV untersucht werden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Nitkowski
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
| | - Wally Wünsch-Leiteritz
- Klinik Lüneburger Heide, Kompetenzzentrum für die Behandlung von Essstörungen und ADHS, Bad Bevensen
| | - Karsten Braks
- Klinik am Korso, Fachzentrum für gestörtes Essverhalten, Bad Oeynhausen
| | - Stella Hristova
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
| | - Franz Petermann
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation, Universität Bremen
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14
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Lucas AG, Chang EC, Li M, Chang OD, Hirsch JK. Perfectionism and Social Problem Solving as Predictors of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Ethnoracially Diverse College Students: Findings Controlling for Concomitant Suicide Risk. SOCIAL WORK 2019; 64:165-174. [PMID: 30722002 DOI: 10.1093/sw/swz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to examine the extent to which perfectionism and social problem solving add to the prediction model of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), independent of suicide risk, in a sample of 386 ethnoracially diverse college students. Moreover, the authors were interested in whether social problem solving, beyond perfectionism, would account for additional variance in their prediction model. Results indicated that social problem solving did account for significant variance in the prediction model of NSSI, above and beyond perfectionism. Moreover, on controlling for suicide risk, a possible confound for NSSI behaviors, social problem solving was found to account for an additional 4.0 percent of unique variance in the prediction of NSSI, beyond that accounted for by perfectionism. The present findings have theoretical implications for the literature on perfectionism and social problem solving, specifically in relation to NSSI. In addition, the present findings have practical implications for social workers who work with college students engaging in NSSI behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigael G Lucas
- Abigael G. Lucas, MS, is a graduate student and Edward C. Chang, PhD, is professor of psychology and social work, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Mingqi Li, BA, is a graduate student, DePaul University, Chicago. Olivia D. Chang is an undergraduate student, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Jameson K. Hirsch, PhD, is associate professor of psychology, Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City
| | - Edward C Chang
- Abigael G. Lucas, MS, is a graduate student and Edward C. Chang, PhD, is professor of psychology and social work, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Mingqi Li, BA, is a graduate student, DePaul University, Chicago. Olivia D. Chang is an undergraduate student, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Jameson K. Hirsch, PhD, is associate professor of psychology, Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City
| | - Mingqi Li
- Abigael G. Lucas, MS, is a graduate student and Edward C. Chang, PhD, is professor of psychology and social work, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Mingqi Li, BA, is a graduate student, DePaul University, Chicago. Olivia D. Chang is an undergraduate student, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Jameson K. Hirsch, PhD, is associate professor of psychology, Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City
| | - Olivia D Chang
- Abigael G. Lucas, MS, is a graduate student and Edward C. Chang, PhD, is professor of psychology and social work, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Mingqi Li, BA, is a graduate student, DePaul University, Chicago. Olivia D. Chang is an undergraduate student, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Jameson K. Hirsch, PhD, is associate professor of psychology, Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City
| | - Jameson K Hirsch
- Abigael G. Lucas, MS, is a graduate student and Edward C. Chang, PhD, is professor of psychology and social work, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Mingqi Li, BA, is a graduate student, DePaul University, Chicago. Olivia D. Chang is an undergraduate student, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Jameson K. Hirsch, PhD, is associate professor of psychology, Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City
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15
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Gong T, Ren Y, Wu J, Jiang Y, Hu W, You J. The associations among self-criticism, hopelessness, rumination, and NSSI in adolescents: A moderated mediation model. J Adolesc 2019; 72:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zelkowitz RL, Cole DA. Self-Criticism as a Transdiagnostic Process in Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Disordered Eating: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2019; 49:310-327. [PMID: 29504147 PMCID: PMC6123292 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and disordered eating (DE) are highly comorbid and may be regarded as belonging to a spectrum of self-harm behaviors. We investigated self-criticism as a transdiagnostic correlate of these behaviors, in keeping with etiological theories of both NSSI and DE. We reviewed the literature and meta-analyzed the relation of self-criticism to both NSSI (15 studies; 17 effect sizes) and DE (24 studies; 29 effect sizes). Results showed equivalent, moderate-to-large effects for the relation of self-criticism to NSSI (r = .38; CI: .29-.46) and DE (r = .40; CI: .34-.45). The relation of NSSI to self-criticism generalized across multiple potential moderators. DE behavior type moderated the relation of self-criticism to DE, with a stronger relation emerging for purging than restriction. Findings support self-criticism as a possible candidate for transdiagnostic pathways to self-harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Zelkowitz
- Department of Psychology and Human Development; Vanderbilt University; Nashville TN USA
| | - David A. Cole
- Department of Psychology and Human Development; Vanderbilt University; Nashville TN USA
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17
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Wielgus MD, Hammond LE, Fox AR, Hudson MR, Mezulis AH. Does shame influence nonsuicidal self-injury among college students? An investigation into the role of shame, negative urgency, and brooding. JOURNAL OF COLLEGE STUDENT PSYCHOTHERAPY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/87568225.2018.1470480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madeline D. Wielgus
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lauren E. Hammond
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew R. Fox
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melissa R. Hudson
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amy H. Mezulis
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
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18
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Hack J, Martin G. Expressed Emotion, Shame, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15050890. [PMID: 29710866 PMCID: PMC5981929 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study examining relationships between perceived family Expressed Emotion and shame, emotional involvement, depression, anxiety, stress and non-suicidal self-injury, in 264 community and online adults (21.6% male). We compared self-injurers with non-self-injurers, and current with past self-injurers. Self-injurers experienced more family Expressed Emotion (EE) than non-injurers (t(254) = −3.24, p = 0.001), linear contrasts explaining 6% of between-groups variability (F(2, 254) = 7.36, p = 0.001, η2 = 0.06). Differences in EE between current and past self-injurers were not significant. Overall shame accounted for 33% of between-groups variance (F(2, 252) = 61.99, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.33), with linear contrasts indicating self-injurers experienced higher levels compared to non-injurers (t(252) = −8.23, p < 0.001). Current self-injurers reported higher overall shame than past self-injurers (t(252) = 6.78, p < 0.001). In further logistic regression, emotional involvement and overall shame were the only significant predictors of self-injury status. With every one-unit increase in emotional involvement, odds of currently engaging in self-injury decreased by a factor of 0.860. Conversely, a one-unit increase in overall shame was associated with an increase in the odds of being a current self-injurer by a factor of 1.05. The findings have important treatment implications for engaging key family members in intervention and prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hack
- Provisional Psychologist, Newcastle Mental Health Service, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia.
| | - Graham Martin
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4066, Australia.
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Itzhaky L, Shahar G, Stein D, Fennig S. In Eating-Disordered Inpatient Adolescents, Self-Criticism Predicts Nonsuicidal Self-Injury. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2016; 46:385-97. [PMID: 26475665 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We examined the role of depressive traits-self-criticism and dependency-in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal ideation among inpatient adolescents with eating disorders. In two studies (N = 103 and 55), inpatients were assessed for depressive traits, suicidal ideations, and NSSI. In Study 2, motivation for carrying out NSSI was also assessed. In both studies, depression predicted suicidal ideation and self-criticism predicted NSSI. In Study 2, depression and suicidal ideation also predicted NSSI. The automatic positive motivation for NSSI was predicted by dependency and depressive symptoms, and by a two-way interaction between self-criticism and dependency. Consistent with the "self-punishment model," self-criticism appears to constitute a dimension of vulnerability for NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Itzhaky
- The Stress, Self, and Health Research Lab (STREALTH), Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Golan Shahar
- The Stress, Self, and Health Research Lab (STREALTH), Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniel Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Silvana Fennig
- Department of Psychiatry, Schneider Children's Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
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20
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Johnson J, Jones C, Lin A, Wood S, Heinze K, Jackson C. Shame amplifies the association between stressful life events and paranoia amongst young adults using mental health services: Implications for understanding risk and psychological resilience. Psychiatry Res 2014; 220:217-25. [PMID: 25086764 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Shame is associated with a range of psychological disorders, and is a trans-diagnostic moderator of the association between stressors and symptoms of disorder. However, research has yet to investigate shame in relation to specific psychotic symptoms in clinical groups. In order to address this, the present study investigated shame in young adults with mental health problems, to test whether shame was i) directly associated with paranoia, a prevalent psychotic symptom, and ii) a moderator of the association between stress and paranoia. Sixty participants completed measures of stressful events, paranoia, shame, depression and anxiety. Results from a cross-sectional regression analysis suggested that shame was associated with paranoia after the stressful life event measure was entered into the model, and shame moderated the association between stress and paranoia. For individuals scoring high on shame, shame amplified the association between stress and paranoia, but for low-shame individuals, the association between stress and paranoia was non-significant. These findings suggest that high levels of shame could confer vulnerability for paranoia amongst clinical groups, and that resistance to experiencing shame could be a marker of resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Johnson
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK; Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford, UK.
| | - Christopher Jones
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ashleigh Lin
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia
| | - Stephen Wood
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kareen Heinze
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher Jackson
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK; Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Perfectionism, Stress, Daily Hassles, Hopelessness, and Suicide Potential in Depressed Psychiatric Adolescents. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-014-9427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Extending the Negative Consequences of Media Internalization and Self-Objectification to Dissociation and Self-Harm. SEX ROLES 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-013-0326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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