Extrarenal teratoid wilms' tumor in association with horseshoe kidney

Extrarenal Teratoid Wilms Tumor

Teratoid Wilms tumor (TWT) is a variant of Wilms tumor. 30 cases have been reported so far. The extrarenal TWT variant has only been 5 in number. We are reporting a case of retroperitoneal TWT in a 6-year-old female child with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Pineal teratoma with nephroblastic component in a newborn male: Case report and review of the literature

Neonatal germ cell tumors are rare and comprise both benign and malignant neoplasms. Teratoma with nephroblastoma is a malignant subset defined pathologically by the presence of nephroblastoma and teratoma elements. Although teratoma with nephroblastoma is most often found in the kidney, 24 of 59 reported cases are associated with extrarenal locations, such as the mediastinum or retroperitoneum. To our knowledge, this is the first patient in the literature with intracranial/pineal teratoma with nephroblastoma, which was managed with staged transcranial approaches resulting in gross total resection and no adjuvant therapy (surveillance observation imaging). We further augmented the patient's management by comprehensive genomic profiling of the tumor to better understand the molecular biology and explore options for targeted therapy.

miR-200c-3p Suppresses the Proliferative, Migratory, and Invasive Capacities of Nephroblastoma Cells via Targeting FRS2

Objectives: miR-200c-3p has been shown to serve as a tumor suppressor in various tumor types. However, the biological function of miR-200c-3p in nephroblastoma remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the biological function and regulatory mechanisms of miR-200c-3p in nephroblastoma development. Methods: The expression of miR-200c-3p in nephroblastoma tissues and cells was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effects of miR-200c-3p on the proliferation and cell cycle of SK-NEP-1 nephroblastoma cell line were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. The effects of miR-200c-3p on the migratory and invasive capacities of SK-NEP-1 cells were measured by wound healing assay and transwell assay. The ability of miR-200c-3p to target fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 (FRS2) was detected by quantitative PCR, western blot, and luciferase reporter assay. Results: The expression of miR-200c-3p was significantly downregulated in nephroblastoma tissues and cells compared with that in normal renal tissues and cells. miR-200c-3p inhibited the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities of nephroblastoma cells by targeting FRS2. Conclusions: miR-200c-3p suppresses the malignant behaviors of nephroblastoma cells by downregulating the expression of FRS2.

Extrarenal teratoma with nephroblastoma in the retroperitoneum: Case report and literature review

RATIONALE

Teratoma with nephroblastoma is a rare disease. The most common site at which teratoma with nephroblastoma occurs is the kidney. The mechanisms underlying the development of teratoma with nephroblastoma have not been fully elucidated.

PATIENT CONCERNS

In the current report, we describe the clinical characteristics of a 3-year-old girl with a complaint of a painless abdominal mass in the upper right side of the body. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a cystic-solid mass with a clear boundary.

DIAGNOSIS

Surgical resection and a subsequent pathological examination confirmed that the mass contained teratoma tissues and renal blastemal components, which supports the diagnosis of teratoma with nephroblastoma.

INTERVENTIONS

The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy through a transverse abdominal incision. Complete resection of the mass was performed in this patient.

OUTCOMES

The patient's postoperative course was uneventful and she was discharged on the 8th postoperative day. The girl had no complaints during the 2 years follow-up period.

LESSONS

Teratoma with nephroblastoma is a rare entity that typically presents in childhood. Due to its rarity, no standardized criteria have been established for the categorization and treatment of these lesions. However, a complete excision of this tumor allows the diagnosis to be confirmed and lowers the risk of recurrence.

Effects of MicroRNA-19b on the Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Migration of Wilms' Tumor Cells Via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Wilms' tumor (WT) is a most common renal cancer that occurs among children, and microRNA-19b (miR-19b) usually participates in various human cancers. Importantly, the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway plays a key role in cell apoptosis, growth and proliferation. Thus, our present study aims to investigate the effect of miR-19b on the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway during WT cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. WT tissues and adjacent normal tissues from WT patients were collected. qRT-PCR was applied to detect miR-19b expression in both the WT tissues and the adjacent normal tissues, immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the protein expressions of PTEN, P13K, and p-Akt, SK-NEP-1 cells were divided into the blank, negative control (NC), miR-19b mimics and miR-19b inhibitors groups. MTT assay, propidium iodide (PI) staining, Annexin-V/PI double-staining, Transwell assay and Western blotting were performed to examine cell proliferation, cycle, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, and the protein expressions of PTEN, P13K, Akt, and p-Akt. Increased miR-19b expression, positive expression rates of P13K and Akt, decreased PTEN expression rate, a negative correlation between PTEN expression and tumor lymph node metastasis, and a positive correlation between the expression of P13K and Akt and the clinical stages were observed in the WT tissues. The miR-19b inhibitors group exhibited decreased cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration and invasion, and protein expressions of PI3K and p-Akt but increased PTEN protein expression compared with the blank and NC groups. Thus, inhibition of miR-19b suppresses the progression of WT by modulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3424-3434, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Wilms' tumor of the ovary

Extrarenal Wilms' tumor of the ovary is a very rare tumor likely derived from embryonic mesonephros. We present the first reported case of a teratoid extrarenal Wilms' tumor of the ovary with a short review of the existing literature. In the case, a 26-year-old woman presented with back pain and was found to have a dermoid cyst; three years later, she presented again, now pregnant, with severe abdominal pain. She was diagnosed with an immature teratoma consisting of a Wilms' tumor (immature component) arising within a mature teratoma and treated exclusively with surgery and surveillance. The recovery from surgery was uneventful and the patient remains without evidence of disease with eleven months of follow-up.

The roles of microRNAs in Wilms' tumors

Wilms' tumor is the most common renal tumor in children in which diffusely anaplastic or unfavorable histology foreshadows poor prognosis. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Accumulating evidence shows that microRNA dysregulation takes part in the pathogenesis of many renal diseases, such as chronic kidney diseases, polycystic kidney disease, renal fibrosis, and renal cancers. In Wilms' tumor, dysregulation of some key oncogenic or tumor-suppressing microRNAs, such as miR-17~92 cluster, miR-185, miR-204, and miR-483, has been documented. In this review, we will summarize current evidence on the role of dysregulated microRNAs in the development of Wilms' tumor.