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Sepenu P, Swarray-Deen A, Scott A, Boafor TK, Baah WK, Kyei MK, Coleman J. Disseminated adult Wilms tumor in pregnancy: Leveraging multidisciplinary care in a low-resource setting. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024; 165:601-606. [PMID: 37731328 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Wilms tumor (WT) occurring in adults is rare and even much more rarely found to coexist with pregnancy. Clinical outcome in adults is worse overall compared with pediatric patients with WT and is often misdiagnosed with no standardized protocols for care guided by high-evidence clinical trials. We present a case of a 23-year-old woman diagnosed with WT who was found to be pregnant immediately following nephrectomy. Workup findings showed that she had disseminated disease but was successfully managed in a multidisciplinary team setting with modified intrapartum chemotherapy followed by postpartum chemotherapy. In low-resource settings, management protocols for adult patients with WT can be individualized by multidisciplinary teams to leverage available resources for best outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perez Sepenu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alim Swarray-Deen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Aba Scott
- National Centre for Radiotherapy, Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Theodore K Boafor
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Winfred K Baah
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mathew K Kyei
- Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jerry Coleman
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
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Alfaifi J. miRNAs Role in Wilms tumor pathogenesis: Signaling pathways interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155254. [PMID: 38460245 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Wilms' tumors (WTs) are the most common type of kidney tumor in children, and a negative outlook is generally associated with widespread anaplastic. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial in the development of WT by regulating the expression of specific genes. There is an increasing amount of research that connects the dysregulation of miRNAs to the development of various renal illnesses. The conditions encompassed are renal fibrosis, renal cancers, and chronic and polycystic kidney disease. Dysregulation of several important miRNAs, either oncogenic or tumor-suppressing, has been found in WT. The present state of knowledge on the involvement of dysregulated miRNAs in the progression of WT is summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
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Zina D, Rosita K, Kristina Z, Giedre R, Jurate M. Case Report: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and Wilms' tumor in infancy and childhood. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1322142. [PMID: 38577638 PMCID: PMC10991706 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1322142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is rare but one of the most common inherited kidney diseases. Normal kidney function is maintained until adulthood in most patients. About 7 in 10 patients with ADPKD develop kidney failure in the latter half of their fifth decade of life. Wilms' tumor, or nephroblastoma, is the most common malignant tumor stemming from kidney cells in the pediatric age group. This type of tumor is the most frequently occurring kidney malignancy in children between the ages of 0 and 5 years. The exact cause of Wilms' tumor is unknown, though about 10% of cases have a genetic predisposition. Wilms' tumor is one of the most successfully treated childhood oncological diseases. Overall, the 5-year survival rates were approximately 90% in both the National Wilms Tumor Study (NWTS) and Paediatric Oncology SIOP studies, showing similar results. Case presentation We report a case of a girl diagnosed with autosomal polycystic kidney disease, who subsequently developed Wilms' tumor and underwent successful treatment with chemotherapy. Polycystic kidney disease was suspected in the fetus during prenatal ultrasound and confirmed after birth with ultrasound and genetic testing. The Wilms tumor was an accidental finding during abdominal MRI at the age of 2 years old to rule out liver pathology. Conclusion Reports on whether a diagnosis of ADPKD is a risk factor for malignancy are conflicting. In this particular case, Wilms' tumor is present in the background of polycystic kidney disease and was timely diagnosed by an incidental MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doviltyte Zina
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kiudeliene Rosita
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Zviniene Kristina
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rutkauskiene Giedre
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Masalskiene Jurate
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Kommoss FKF, Chong AS, Apellaniz-Ruiz M, Turashvili G, Park KJ, Hanley K, Valera ET, von Deimling A, Vujanic G, McCluggage WG, Foulkes WD. Teratoma-associated and so-called pure Wilms tumour of the ovary represent two separate tumour types with distinct molecular features. Histopathology 2024; 84:683-696. [PMID: 38084641 DOI: 10.1111/his.15116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Ovarian Wilms tumour (WT)/nephroblastoma is an extremely rare neoplasm that has been reported to occur in pure form or as a component of a teratomatous neoplasm. We hypothesized that teratoma-associated and pure ovarian WT may represent different tumour types with diverging molecular backgrounds. To test this hypothesis, we comprehensively characterized a series of five tumours originally diagnosed as ovarian WT. METHODS AND RESULTS The five cases comprised three teratoma-associated (two mature and one immature) and two pure WTs. Two of the teratoma-associated WTs consisted of small nodular arrangements of "glandular"/epithelial structures, while the third consisted of both an epithelial and a diffuse spindle cell/blastemal component. The pure WTs consisted of "glandular" structures, which were positive for sex cord markers (including inhibin and SF1) together with a rhabdomyosarcomatous component. The two pure WTs harboured DICER1 pathogenic variants (PVs), while the three associated with teratomas were DICER1 wildtype. Panel-based DNA sequencing of four of the cases did not identify PVs in the other genes investigated. Analysis of the HA19/IGF2 imprinting region showed retention of imprinting in the pure WTs but loss of heterozygosity with hypomethylation of the ICR1 region in two of three teratoma-associated WTs. Furthermore, copy number variation and clustering-based whole-genome DNA methylation analyses identified divergent molecular profiles for pure and teratoma-associated WTs. CONCLUSION Based on the morphological features, immunophenotype, and molecular findings (DICER1 PVs, copy number, and DNA methylation profiles), we suggest that the two cases diagnosed as pure primary ovarian WT represent moderately to poorly differentiated Sertoli Leydig cell tumours (SLCTs), while the tumours arising in teratomas represent true WTs. It is possible that at least some prior cases reported as pure primary ovarian WT represent SLCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix K F Kommoss
- Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Chong
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Apellaniz-Ruiz
- Genomics Medicine Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Gulisa Turashvili
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kay J Park
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Krisztina Hanley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - W Glenn McCluggage
- Department of Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - William D Foulkes
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Zhao X, Chu X, Song L, Tang W. A novel model incorporating chromatin regulatory factors for risk stratification, prognosis prediction, and characterization of the microenvironment in Wilms tumor. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3574. [PMID: 37578081 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilms tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, a pediatric most-frequent malignant-kidney tumor, may be regulated and influenced by transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. Chromatin regulatory factors (CRs) play key roles in epigenetic regulation. The present study aimed to explore the involvement of CRs in the development of nephroblastoma. METHODS RNA-sequencing and clinical information of nephroblastoma samples were obtained by downloading data from the TARGET database. The Limma package was utilized to perform differential expression analysis of genes (DEGs) between the tumor group and the control group. A Venn map was used for intersection of differential genes and CRs and to perform Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of DEGs using the clusterProfiler package. LASSO and Cox analyses were used to construct CR-related risk models and were evaluated based on clinical parameters. A receiver operating characteristic curve was employed to assess the diagnostic performance of risk model. Furthermore, we used a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis algorithm for immune cell infiltration analysis. Finally, to confirm the transcriptome expression of pivotal genes in human nephroblastoma cell lines, a quantitative real-time PCR was employed. RESULTS Fifteen key CRs were obtained through analysis in nephroblastoma and then the risk model based on 13 important CRs was constructed using the transcriptome data of nephroblastoma. Using the risk model, pediatric nephroblastoma patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups based on their individual risk scores. The risk score of CRs can predict adverse outcomes in pediatric nephroblastoma, and this gene cluster is closely related to various immunity characteristics of nephroblastoma. Moreover, the nephroblastoma cell line exhibited higher expression levels of prognostic genes (VRK1, ARNTL, RIT1, PRDM6, and TSPY1) compared to the HEK293 T cell line. CONCLUSIONS The risk characteristics derived from CRs have tremendous significance in predicting prognosis and guiding clinical classification and intervention strategies for pediatric nephroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaobin Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Weichun Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Rahbar Saadat Y, Hejazian SM, Sharifi S, Ardalan M, Teshnehlab M, Zununi Vahed S, Pirmoradi S. Decoding the Possible Molecular Mechanisms in Pediatric Wilms Tumor and Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney through Machine Learning Approaches. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2023; 42:825-844. [PMID: 37548233 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2023.2242979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Wilms tumor (WT) and Rhabdoid tumor (RT) are pediatric renal tumors and their differentiation is based on histopathological and molecular analysis. The present study aimed to introduce the panels of mRNAs and microRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of these cancers using deep learning algorithms. Methods: Filter, graph, and association rule mining algorithms were applied to the mRNAs/microRNAs data. Results: Candidate miRNAs and mRNAs with high accuracy (AUC: 97%/93% and 94%/97%, respectively) could differentiate the WT and RT classes in training and test data. Let-7a-2 and C19orf24 were identified in the WT, while miR-199b and RP1-3E10.2 were detected in the RT by analysis of Association Rule Mining. Conclusion: The application of the machine learning methods could identify mRNA/miRNA patterns to discriminate WT from RT. The identified miRNAs/mRNAs panels could offer novel insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the initiation and development of these cancers. They may provide further insight into the pathogenesis, prognosis, diagnosis, and molecular-targeted therapy in pediatric renal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mahdi Hosseiniyan Khatibi
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Teshnehlab
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Pirmoradi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Marakhonov AV, Vasilyeva TA, Minzhenkova ME, Sukhanova NV, Sparber PA, Andreeva NA, Teleshova MV, Baybagisova FKM, Shilova NV, Kutsev SI, Zinchenko RA. Complex Chromosomal Rearrangement Involving Chromosomes 10 and 11, Accompanied by Two Adjacent 11p14.1p13 and 11p13p12 Deletions, Identified in a Patient with WAGR Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16923. [PMID: 38069245 PMCID: PMC10707340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Three years ago, our patient, at that time a 16-month-old boy, was discovered to have bilateral kidney lesions with a giant tumor in the right kidney. Chemotherapy and bilateral nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) for Wilms tumor with nephroblastomatosis was carried out. The patient also had eye affection, including glaucoma, eye enlargement, megalocornea, severe corneal swelling and opacity, complete aniridia, and nystagmus. The diagnosis of WAGR syndrome was suspected. De novo complex chromosomal rearrangement with balanced translocation t(10,11)(p15;p13) and a pericentric inversion inv(11)(p13q12), accompanied by two adjacent 11p14.1p13 and 11p13p12 deletions, were identified. Deletions are raised through the complex molecular mechanism of two subsequent rearrangements affecting chromosomes 11 and 10. WAGR syndrome diagnosis was clinically and molecularly confirmed, highlighting the necessity of comprehensive genetic testing in patients with congenital aniridia and/or WAGR syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Marakhonov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia; (T.A.V.); (M.E.M.); (N.V.S.); (P.A.S.); (N.V.S.); (S.I.K.); (R.A.Z.)
| | - Tatyana A. Vasilyeva
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia; (T.A.V.); (M.E.M.); (N.V.S.); (P.A.S.); (N.V.S.); (S.I.K.); (R.A.Z.)
| | - Marina E. Minzhenkova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia; (T.A.V.); (M.E.M.); (N.V.S.); (P.A.S.); (N.V.S.); (S.I.K.); (R.A.Z.)
| | - Natella V. Sukhanova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia; (T.A.V.); (M.E.M.); (N.V.S.); (P.A.S.); (N.V.S.); (S.I.K.); (R.A.Z.)
| | - Peter A. Sparber
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia; (T.A.V.); (M.E.M.); (N.V.S.); (P.A.S.); (N.V.S.); (S.I.K.); (R.A.Z.)
| | - Natalya A. Andreeva
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow 117997, Russia; (N.A.A.); (M.V.T.)
| | - Margarita V. Teleshova
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow 117997, Russia; (N.A.A.); (M.V.T.)
| | | | - Nadezhda V. Shilova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia; (T.A.V.); (M.E.M.); (N.V.S.); (P.A.S.); (N.V.S.); (S.I.K.); (R.A.Z.)
| | - Sergey I. Kutsev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia; (T.A.V.); (M.E.M.); (N.V.S.); (P.A.S.); (N.V.S.); (S.I.K.); (R.A.Z.)
| | - Rena A. Zinchenko
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia; (T.A.V.); (M.E.M.); (N.V.S.); (P.A.S.); (N.V.S.); (S.I.K.); (R.A.Z.)
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Fujisawa S, Furukawa J, Hara T, Okada K, Chiba K, Nakano Y, Hyodo T, Nagashima Y, Fujisawa M. Renal cell carcinoma in the contralateral kidney with TFE3 gene translocation following chemotherapy for childhood nephroblastoma: A case report and literature review. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e8128. [PMID: 37953896 PMCID: PMC10632554 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Renal cell carcinoma as a secondary malignant neoplasm is relatively rare; however, the possibility of secondary renal cell carcinoma following chemoradiotherapy for childhood nephroblastoma should be considered. Abstract The occurrence of secondary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) following chemoradiotherapy for nephroblastoma is relatively rare, especially in microphthalmia transcription factor family translocation renal cell carcinoma. A 13-year-old Japanese male was referred to our department for treatment of a right kidney mass. The patient had undergone open left nephrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy for nephroblastoma, 12 years before. Diagnostic imaging revealed a tumor in the right kidney and a lesion suspected to be metastasis in the left eighth rib. Chromophobe RCC or translocation RCC was suspected from the imaging pattern. TNM classification was cT1aN0M1, and the clinical stage was IV. Partial nephrectomy by robot-assisted surgery for the right renal tumor and resection of the left eighth rib were performed. Pathologically, the renal tumor was diagnosed as translocation RCC, and the rib lesion demonstrated no evidence of malignancy. We are currently undergoing imaging follow-up and the patient has been recurrence-free for 15 months. In this study, we present a rare case of secondary translocation RCC after successful treatment of nephroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Fujisawa
- Department of UrologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Junya Furukawa
- Department of UrologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Takuto Hara
- Department of UrologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Keiske Okada
- Department of UrologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Kouji Chiba
- Department of UrologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Yuzo Nakano
- Department of UrologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Toshiki Hyodo
- Department of Diagnostic PathologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Yoji Nagashima
- Division of Surgical PathologyTokyo Women's Medical University HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Department of UrologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
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Sakthivel V, Adeeb IZ, Vijayabalan D. Recent Improvements in Adult Wilms Tumor Diagnosis and Management: Review of Literature. J Kidney Cancer VHL 2023; 10:32-36. [PMID: 37583880 PMCID: PMC10423726 DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.v10i3.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor, also denoted as nephroblastoma, an embryonal type of renal cancer, is the most common cancer that affects children in the first 5 years of life. Wilms tumor is very rarely seen in adults. Both adults and children showcase varied clinical symptoms. The metastasis of tumor in both adults and children are not uncommon. Though histological differences between children and adults are insignificant, the prognosis of adult Wilms tumors compared to children is abysmal. Despite remarkable advancements in oncology, no standard treatment protocol exists for Wilms tumor in adults. Children Wilms tumor treatment protocol is currently followed for adults with some changes. In this article, we reviewed the available treatment options for Wilms tumor in adults and protocols followed widely.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ismail Z Adeeb
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, India
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10
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Roy P, van Peer SE, Dandis R, Duncan C, de Aguirre‐Neto JC, Verschuur A, de Camargo B, Karim‐Kos HE, Boschetti L, Spreafico F, Ramirez‐Villar GL, Graf N, van Tinteren H, Pritchard‐Jones K, van den Heuvel‐Eibrink MM. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric renal tumour presentation and management, a SIOP renal tumour study group study. Cancer Med 2023; 12:17098-17111. [PMID: 37496317 PMCID: PMC10501283 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic had global catastrophic effects on the management of non-communicable diseases including paediatric cancers. Restrictions during the start of 2020 complicated timely referrals of patients to specialized centres. We aimed to evaluate the pandemic's impact on the number of new diagnoses, disease characteristics and management delay for paediatric renal tumour patients included in the SIOP-RTSG-UMBRELLA study, as compared with data from a historical SIOP-RTSG trial (2005-2009). METHODS The number of intensive care admissions, population mobility rates and national lockdown periods/restrictions were used as proxies of the pandemic's severity and impact on societies. Clinical and tumour data were extracted from the SIOP-RTSG-UMBRELLA study and from historical SIOP-RTSG trials. RESULTS During the first lockdown in Europe, the number of newly diagnosed patients decreased following restrictions and population immobilisation. Additionally, there was a higher proportion of advanced disease (37% vs. 17% before and after COVID-9, p < 0.001) and larger median tumour volume (559 cm3 vs. 328 and 434 cm3 before and after, p < 0.0001). Also in Brazil, the proportion of advanced disease was higher during the national decrease in mobilisation and start of restrictions (50% and 24% vs. 11% and 18% before and after, p < 0.01). Tumour volume in Brazil was also higher during the first months of COVID-19 (599 cm3 vs. 459 and 514 cm3 ), although not significant (p = 0.17). We did not observe any delays in referral time nor in time to start treatment, even though COVID-19 restrictions may have caused children to reach care later. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic briefly changed the tumour characteristics of children presenting with renal tumours. The longer-term impact on clinical outcomes will be kept under review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakriti Roy
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Rana Dandis
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Arnauld Verschuur
- Department of Paediatric Oncology & HaematologyLa Timone Children's HospitalMarseilleFrance
| | - Beatriz de Camargo
- Grupo Brasileiro de Tumores Renais (Brazilian Renal Tumor Group)São PauloBrazil
| | - Henrike E. Karim‐Kos
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of ResearchNetherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL)UtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Luna Boschetti
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di MilanMilanItaly
| | - Filippo Spreafico
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Pediatric Oncology UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di MilanMilanItaly
| | | | - Norbert Graf
- Department of Paediatric Oncology & HaematologySaarland UniversityHomburgGermany
| | | | - Kathy Pritchard‐Jones
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College LondonLondonUK
| | - Marry M. van den Heuvel‐Eibrink
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Division of Child Health, Wilhelmina Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Center UtrechtThe Netherlands
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11
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Ortiz MV, Koenig C, Armstrong AE, Brok J, de Camargo B, Mavinkurve-Groothuis AMC, Herrera TBV, Venkatramani R, Woods AD, Dome JS, Spreafico F. Advances in the clinical management of high-risk Wilms tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70 Suppl 2:e30342. [PMID: 37096797 PMCID: PMC10857813 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Outcomes are excellent for the majority of patients with Wilms tumors (WT). However, there remain WT subgroups for which the survival rate is approximately 50% or lower. Acknowledging that the composition of this high-risk group has changed over time reflecting improvements in therapy, we introduce the authors' view of the historical and current approach to the classification and treatment of high-risk WT. For this review, we consider high-risk WT to include patients with newly diagnosed metastatic blastemal-type or diffuse anaplastic histology, those who relapse after having been initially treated with three or more different chemotherapeutics, or those who relapse more than once. In certain low- or low middle-income settings, socio-economic factors expand the definition of what constitutes a high-risk WT. As conventional therapies are inadequate to cure the majority of high-risk WT patients, advancement of laboratory and early-phase clinical investigations to identify active agents is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Ortiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christa Koenig
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amy E Armstrong
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jesper Brok
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beatriz de Camargo
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Program, Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rajkumar Venkatramani
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew D Woods
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Dome
- Division of Oncology, Children's National Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Filippo Spreafico
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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12
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Landin C, Karlsson FMT, Småland ML, Gabrych A, Kunc M. Testicular teratoma with nephroblastoma in an adult - case report and literature review. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2023; 27:60-63. [PMID: 37266335 PMCID: PMC10230240 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2023.127193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumours are the most common malignancies in young men. Germ cell tumours can be classified as seminomas or non-seminomas, each with different clinical features and treatment approaches. Germ cell tumours are occasionally associated with somatic-type malignancy, particularly in metastatic lymph nodes after adjuvant chemotherapy. Adenocarcinomas and rhabdomyosarcoma are the most common malignancies in this setting. In this report, we present a unique case of a 37-year-old patient who presented with a testicular teratoma containing a nephroblastoma component. The tumour exhibited characteristic morphology that resembled foetal kidney and expressed nuclear WT-1 and PAX-8 on immunohistochemistry. Following surgery, the patient opted for active surveillance and remains disease-free. To date, only 7 cases of nephroblastoma in primary testicular teratoma have been reported. This case highlights the importance of considering this rare entity in the differential diagnosis of testicular teratomas and the need for careful pathological examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Landin
- ED Scientific Circle of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Mari Lorier Småland
- ED Scientific Circle of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Gabrych
- Department of Paediatrics, Haematology, and Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał Kunc
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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13
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Anshu A, Kumar A. Metanephric adenoma an unusual renal mass: A rare case. Trop Doct 2023:494755231164793. [PMID: 37016960 DOI: 10.1177/00494755231164793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Metanephric adenoma is a rare benign mass that may be radiologically indistinguishable from renal cell carcinoma. The clinical presentation of this entity is similar to a malignant renal mass. Only 200 cases have been reported worldwide till now. Furthermore, there are no strongly predictive clinical and radiological criteria. It, therefore, poses a diagnostic challenge. Since post-operative therapy may vary significantly if the lesion turns out to be malignant, it is crucial to distinguish it from other malignant renal masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Anshu
- Senior Resident, Department of Surgery, 5246337 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Senior Consultant, Apollo Hospital, Greater Noida, India
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14
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Kaushik A, Sherwani P, Saurya, Garnaik DK. Diagnostic dilemma in left flank mass in an infant: A rare case of intrarenal neuroblastoma. Afr J Paediatr Surg 2023; 20:152-154. [PMID: 36960513 DOI: 10.4103/ajps.ajps_124_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NBL) and nephroblastoma present with abdominal mass and various imaging features help in differentiating the two; however, localisation is difficult in large masses and at times imaging features can be confusing. Here, we describe the case of large left-sided NBL arising from the adrenal and involving the left kidney with moderate hydronephrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kaushik
- Departments of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Poonam Sherwani
- Departments of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Saurya
- Departments of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Garnaik
- Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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15
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Ortiz MV, Koenig C, Armstrong AE, Brok J, de Camargo B, Mavinkurve-Groothuis AMC, Herrera TBV, Venkatramani R, Woods AD, Dome JS, Spreafico F. Advances in the clinical management of high-risk Wilms tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30153. [PMID: 36625399 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Outcomes are excellent for the majority of patients with Wilms tumors (WT). However, there remain WT subgroups for which the survival rate is approximately 50% or lower. Acknowledging that the composition of this high-risk group has changed over time reflecting improvements in therapy, we introduce the authors' view of the historical and current approach to the classification and treatment of high-risk WT. For this review, we consider high-risk WT to include patients with newly diagnosed metastatic blastemal-type or diffuse anaplastic histology, those who relapse after having been initially treated with three or more different chemotherapeutics, or those who relapse more than once. In certain low- or low middle-income settings, socio-economic factors expand the definition of what constitutes a high-risk WT. As conventional therapies are inadequate to cure the majority of high-risk WT patients, advancement of laboratory and early-phase clinical investigations to identify active agents is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Ortiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christa Koenig
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amy E Armstrong
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jesper Brok
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beatriz de Camargo
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Program, Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rajkumar Venkatramani
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew D Woods
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Dome
- Division of Oncology, Children's National Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Filippo Spreafico
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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16
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Romao RLP, van der Steeg AFW, Malek M, Irtan S, Gow K, Ghandour K, Biasoni D, Davidoff A, Pachl M. Technical advances in the surgical management of Wilms tumors in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70 Suppl 2:e30267. [PMID: 36815577 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Surgery is one of the cornerstones of Wilms tumor treatment. In this article, we present technical advancements that are finding their way into the armamentarium of pediatric cancer surgeons. We discuss the current approaches, challenges, opportunities, and future directions of minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopic and robotics), image-guided surgery, and fluorescence-guided surgery. Furthermore, we discuss the use of intraoperative ultrasonography, as well as the use of new techniques to improve the quality of lymph node sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo L P Romao
- Departments of Surgery and Urology, IWK Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Alida F W van der Steeg
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marcus Malek
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sabine Irtan
- Department of Visceral and Neonatal Pediatric Surgery, Sorbonne Université, Armand-Trousseau Hospital - APHP, Paris, France
| | - Kenneth Gow
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Khalil Ghandour
- Department of Surgery, King Hussein Cancer Foundation and Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - David Biasoni
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Max Pachl
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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17
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Craver R, Stark M, Moss S, Long S, Prasad P, C Roth C. WAGR, Sex Reversal, Bilateral Gonadoblastomas, and Intralobar Nephrogenic Rests: Uncertainties of Pre-Biopsy Chemotherapy in a High Risk Syndrome for Nephroblastoma. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2023; 42:63-71. [PMID: 35199613 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2022.2043962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: WT1 deletions are associated with nephroblastomas, WT mutations are associated with 46, XY sex reversal. It is unclear why only a few WT1 deletions are associated with sex reversal. Case report. This 46, XY female had a 15.2 MB interstitial deletion of 11p14.1p11.2, which included WT1 and FSHB. No pathogenic abnormalities were identified in 156 other genes associated with disorders of sexual development. Bilateral gonadoblastomas were incidentally diagnosed at 17 months of age at the time of prophylactic gonadectomies. She was treated without biopsy for bilateral nephroblastomas radiologically identified at 18 months of age. Bilateral partial nephrectomies contained treated intralobular nephrogenic rests. Conclusion: It is unclear why WT1 deletions are less associated with 46, XY sex reversal than WT1 mutations. Treating suspected nephroblastomas without biopsy, even in patients with syndromes associated with bilateral nephroblastomas, may still lead to diagnostic and therapeutic uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall Craver
- Departments of Pathology, Children's Hospital of New Orleans and Louisiana State University Health Science Centers, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Matthew Stark
- Departments of Pathology, Children's Hospital of New Orleans and Louisiana State University Health Science Centers, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Stephanie Moss
- Departments of Pathology, Children's Hospital of New Orleans and Louisiana State University Health Science Centers, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sarah Long
- Department of Radiology, Tulane University Medical School, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Pinki Prasad
- Hematology and Oncology Section, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of New Orleans and Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Christopher C Roth
- Department of Urology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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18
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Thakur S, Kakkar A, Jana M, Das P, Agarwala SP, Iyer VK. Pediatric Primary Yolk Sac Tumour of the Kidney: Recommendations for Pretreatment Diagnosis. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2023; 42:55-62. [PMID: 35188860 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2022.2042631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Although nephroblastomas are frequently treated without prior biopsy, there are the occasional other pediatric renal tumors that require different management. In the literature, there are around 30 primary renal germ cell tumors (GCT), including four cases of Yolk sac tumor (YST). We present another primary renal YST.Case report: A five-year-old boy was diagnosed as Wilms tumor on radiology and needle biopsy. He received chemotherapy, with no response. The post-chemotherapy resection specimen revealed a YST.Conclusion: Renal YST may be indistinguishable from Wilms tumor clinically and radiologically. For pre-biopsy chemotherapy management protocols, serum tumor markers such as AFP may be recommended to identify the occasional GCT, including YST. Pre-chemotherapy needle biopsies may lead to misdiagnosis, and may require confirmation by an experienced pathologist or central review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Thakur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aanchal Kakkar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Jana
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prasenjit Das
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep P Agarwala
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Venkateswaran K Iyer
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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19
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Zarfati A, Martucci C, Crocoli A, Serra A, Persano G, Inserra A. Chemotherapy-induced cavitating Wilms' tumor pulmonary metastasis: Active disease or scarring? A case report and literature review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1083168. [PMID: 36925669 PMCID: PMC10011097 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1083168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The second most common abdominal tumor in children is Wilms' tumor, and the lung is where it most often metastasizes. The typical metastases are multiple, peripherally located, round, and variable-sized nodules. Atypical patterns are also possible and may create diagnostic challenges, especially in patients treated with chemotherapy. Among these, cavitating metastases are an anecdotal type of atypical secondary lung lesions. Here, we report a case of a chemotherapy-induced cavitating Wilms' tumor pulmonary metastasis discovered during the follow-up for an anaplastic nephroblastoma in a 6-year-old girl. Furthermore, we conducted a review of the existing literature on this exceedingly rare radiological pattern to establish its best management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zarfati
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Martucci
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Crocoli
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Department of Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Serra
- Hematology/Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Persano
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Department of Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Inserra
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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20
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Ma XH, Yang J, Jia X, Zhou HC, Liang JW, Ding YS, Shu Q, Niu T. Preoperative radiomic signature based on CT images for noninvasive evaluation of localized nephroblastoma in pediatric patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1122210. [PMID: 37152031 PMCID: PMC10157206 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1122210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nephron sparing nephrectomy may not reduce the prognosis of nephroblastoma in the absence of involvement of the renal capsule, sinus vessels, and lymph nodes, However, there is no accurate preoperative noninvasive evaluation method at present. Materials and methods 105 nephroblastoma patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT scan between 2013 and 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively collected, including 59 cases with localized stage and 46 cases with non-localized stage, and then were divided into training cohort (n= 73) and validation cohort (n= 32) according to the order of CT scanning time. After lesion segmentation and data preprocessing, radiomic features were extracted from each volume of interest. The multi-step procedure including Pearson correlation analysis and sequential forward floating selection was performed to produce radiomic signature. Prediction model was constructed using the radiomic signature and Logistic Regression classifier for predicting the localized nephroblastoma in the training cohort. Finally, the model performance was validated in the validation cohort. Results A total of 1652 radiomic features have been extracted, from which TOP 10 features were selected as the radiomic signature. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the prediction model were 0.796, 0.795, 0.732 and 0.875 for the training cohort respectively, and 0.710, 0.719, 0.611 and 0.857 for the validation cohort respectively. The result comparison with prediction models composed of different machine learning classifiers and different parameters also manifest the effectiveness of our radiomic model. Conclusion A logistic regression model based on radiomic features extracted from preoperative CT images had good ability to noninvasively predict nephroblastoma without renal capsule, sinus vessel, and lymph node involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Ma
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuan Jia
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai-Chun Zhou
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Wei Liang
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Shuang Ding
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Tianye Niu, ; Qiang Shu,
| | - Tianye Niu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Tianye Niu, ; Qiang Shu,
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21
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Geng G, Xu Y, Li Q, Li Q, Yuan L, Dong M, Ming M. S100A16 cooperates with DEPDC1 to promote the progression and angiogenesis of nephroblastoma through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. POL J PATHOL 2023; 74:182-193. [PMID: 37955537 DOI: 10.5114/pjp.2023.132223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
S100 calcium-binding protein A16 (S100A16) has previously been reported to play a role in tumor cells. Nevertheless, the role that S100A16 played in nephroblastoma cells remains obscure. The expression of S100A16 and DEPDC1 were detected via RT-q PCR and western blotting. Cell transfection was performed to overexpress DEPDC1 or interfere S100A16. CCK8 was applied for the assessment of cell viability. The apoptotic level and the capabilities of WiT49 cells to proliferate, invade and migrated were appraised utilizing Tunel, colony formation Transwell, and wound healing, separately. The angiogenesis was estimated through tube formation assay. Co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) was performed to examine the targeted binding of S100A16 to DEPDC1. The contents of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related proteins were resolved by virtue of western blot. S100A16 and DEPDC1 expression levels were significantly increased in nephroblastoma cell lines. S100A16 deletion suppressed nephroblastoma cell proliferative, invasive, migrative and angiogenetic capabilities but facilitated the apoptotic level. Moreover, S100A16 could bind DEPDC1, DEPDC1 overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effect of S100A16 interference on nephroblastoma cell. DEPDC1 overexpression also partially counteracted the suppressive impacts of S100A16 interference on PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related proteins. S100A16 synergistic with DEPDC1 promotes the progression and angiogenesis of nephroblastoma cell through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Geng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yongtao Xu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Qingfang Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Qinghao Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lili Yuan
- Department of Administration, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Mengyao Dong
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ming Ming
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China
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22
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Simons P, Lyons B, Bentley A, Mazzaferro E, Thalheim L, Finotello R, Ressel L. Case report: Severe, refractory hypoglycemia in a 9-year-old Brittany Spaniel with renal nephroblastoma. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1116846. [PMID: 37143502 PMCID: PMC10151700 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1116846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A 9-year-old female spayed Brittany Spaniel presented for weakness and stumbling, and was diagnosed with severe hypoglycemia. An insulin to glucose ratio was not consistent with insulinoma as a cause for hypoglycemia. Diagnostic imaging (abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography) revealed a large left renal mass and a possible metastatic lesion in the right kidney. Glucagon therapy was initiated, but hypoglycemia was refractory to therapy. A left nephrectomy was performed and hypoglycemia subsequently resolved. Histopathology of the mass was consistent with nephroblastoma and immunohistochemistry for anti-insulin-like Growth Factor-2 (IGF-2) antibody revealed immunoreactivity in over 50% of the neoplastic cells. Chemotherapeutic treatment was initiated with a combined protocol of vincristine and doxorubicin. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report documenting the treatment of severe, refractory non-islet cell tumor-induced hypoglycemia in a dog, suspected to be secondary to an IGF-2 secreting nephroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Simons
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Cornell University Veterinary Specialists, Stamford, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Paula Simons
| | - Bridget Lyons
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Cornell University Veterinary Specialists, Stamford, CT, United States
| | - Adrienne Bentley
- Department of Surgery, Cornell University Veterinary Specialists, Stamford, CT, United States
| | - Elisa Mazzaferro
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Cornell University Veterinary Specialists, Stamford, CT, United States
| | - Lindsay Thalheim
- Department of Oncology, Cornell University Veterinary Specialists, Stamford, CT, United States
| | - Riccardo Finotello
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Ressel
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy Physiology and Pathology, Institute of Infection Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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23
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Jouglar E, Laprie A, Isfan F, Dumont B, Thebaud E, Escande A, Supiot S. Locoregional failure after postoperative flank irradiation for nephroblastoma: Results from the French cohort of the SIOP-2001 trial. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29950. [PMID: 36057861 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe locoregional failure (LRF) after postoperative flank radiotherapy (RT) among French patients with nephroblastoma included in the Société Internationale d'Oncologie Pédiatrique (SIOP)-2001 protocol. PATIENTS AND METHODS In selected SIOP-2001 patients, planning with simulation computed tomography (CT) scan and posttreatment CT scan demonstrating LRF were registered and analyzed. LRF was contoured and classified as in-field, marginal or out-of-field according to dose distribution. RESULTS Total 316 French SIOP-2001 patients were treated with postoperative RT. Three patients with nephroblastoma developed LRF after flank RT. All failures were located within the retroperitoneum. In two patients, the relapse was within the RT field and in one it was classified as marginal. CONCLUSION LRF after postoperative flank RT for nephroblastoma was rare and exclusively situated in the retroperitoneum. These results point out this region as the most at risk of local relapse. A prospective evaluation of a target volume restricted to the retroperitoneum allowing the use of modern and highly conformal radiation techniques in order to decrease dose to normal tissues shall be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Jouglar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Anne Laprie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Florentina Isfan
- Department of Hematology and Paediatric Oncology, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Antenne Pédiatrique, CIC INSERM 501, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Benoit Dumont
- Institute for Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Estelle Thebaud
- Department of Peadiatric Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandre Escande
- Universitary Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France.,Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg, Université de Lille, Lille, France.,Laboratoire CRIStAL, UMR 9186, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'ascq, France
| | - Stéphane Supiot
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Nantes, France.,Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes Angers, UMR 1232 Inserm - 6299 CNRS, Nantes, France
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- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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24
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Abdelhafeez AH, Reljic T, Kumar A, Banu T, Cox S, Davidoff AM, Elgendy A, Ghandour K, Gerstle JT, Karpelowsky J, Kaste SC, Kechiche N, Esiashvili N, Nasir A, Ngongola A, Marollano J, Moreno AA, Muzira A, Parkes J, Saldaña LJ, Shalkow J, Vujanić GM, Velasquez T, Lakhoo K, Mukkada S, Abib S. Evidence-based surgical guidelines for treating children with Wilms tumor in low-resource settings. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29906. [PMID: 35929184 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival of Wilms tumor (WT) is > 90% in high-resource settings but < 30% in low-resource settings. Adapting a standardized surgical approach to WT is challenging in low-resource settings, but a local control strategy is crucial to improving outcomes. OBJECTIVE Provide resource-sensitive recommendations for the surgical management of WT. METHODS We performed a systematic review of PubMed and EMBASE through July 7, 2020, and used the GRADE approach to assess evidence and recommendations. RECOMMENDATIONS Initiation of treatment should be expedited, and surgery should be done in a high-volume setting. Cross-sectional imaging should be done to optimize preoperative planning. For patients with typical clinical features of WT, biopsy should not be done before chemotherapy, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy should precede surgical resection. Also, resection should include a large transperitoneal laparotomy, adequate lymph node sampling, and documentation of staging findings. For WT with tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava, neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be given before en bloc resection of the tumor and thrombus and evaluation for viable tumor thrombus. For those with bilateral WT, neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be given for 6-12 weeks. Neither routine use of complex hilar control techniques during nephron-sparing surgery nor nephron-sparing resection for unilateral WT with a normal contralateral kidney is recommended. When indicated, postoperative radiotherapy should be administered within 14 days of surgery. Post-chemotherapy pulmonary oligometastasis should be resected when feasible, if local protocols allow omission of whole-lung irradiation in patients with nonanaplastic histology stage IV WT with pulmonary metastasis without evidence of extrapulmonary metastasis. CONCLUSION We provide evidence-based recommendations for the surgical management of WT, considering the benefits/risks associated with limited-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhafeez H Abdelhafeez
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.,University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Tea Reljic
- Office of Research Conduct and Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ambuj Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Tahmina Banu
- Chittagong Research Institute for Children Surgery, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Sharon Cox
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrew M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.,University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Ahmed Elgendy
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Tanta University & Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Cancer Hospital - Egypt, Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Khalil Ghandour
- Department of Surgery, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - J Ted Gerstle
- Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jonathan Karpelowsky
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Division of Child & Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Children's Cancer Research Unit -Kids Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sue C Kaste
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Department of Radiaology and Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Nahla Kechiche
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Monastir, LR12SP13, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Natia Esiashvili
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Abdulrasheed Nasir
- Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital/University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Amon Ngongola
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Amabelle A Moreno
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Arlene Muzira
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jeannette Parkes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lily J Saldaña
- Pediatric Surgery Service, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño de San Borja, Lima, Peru
| | - Jaime Shalkow
- Pediatric Surgery, National Institute of Paediatrics and ABC Cancer Centre, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gordan M Vujanić
- Department of Pediatric Pathology, Sidra Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Thelma Velasquez
- Department of Oncology, Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Kokila Lakhoo
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Sheena Mukkada
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.,Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Simone Abib
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Oncology Institute - GRAACC - Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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25
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Müller SD, Both CP, Sponholz C, Voelker MT, Christiansen H, Niggli F, Schmitz A, Weiss M, Thomas J, Stehr SN, Piegeler T. Association between Intraoperative Blood Transfusion, Regional Anesthesia and Outcome after Pediatric Tumor Surgery for Nephroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225585. [PMID: 36428673 PMCID: PMC9688304 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data suggest that anesthesiologic interventions-e.g., the choice of the anesthetic regimen or the administration of blood products-might play a major role in determining outcome after tumor surgery. In contrast to adult patients, only limited data are available regarding the potential association of anesthesia and outcome in pediatric cancer patients. METHODS A retrospective multicenter study assessing data from pediatric patients (0-18 years of age) undergoing surgery for nephroblastoma between 2004 and 2018 was conducted at three academic centers in Europe. Overall and recurrence-free survival were the primary outcomes of the study and were evaluated for a potential impact of intraoperative administration of erythrocyte concentrates, the use of regional anesthesia and the choice of the anesthetic regimen. The length of stay on the intensive care unit, the time to hospital discharge after surgery and blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were defined as secondary outcomes. RESULTS In total, data from 65 patients were analyzed. Intraoperative administration of erythrocyte concentrates was associated with a reduction in recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio (HR) 7.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36-42.2, p = 0.004), whereas overall survival (HR 5.37, 95% CI 0.42-68.4, p = 0.124) was not affected. The use of regional anesthesia and the choice of anesthetic used for maintenance of anesthesia did not demonstrate an effect on the primary outcomes. It was, however, associated with fewer ICU transfers, a shortened time to discharge and a decreased postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides the first evidence for a possible association between blood transfusion as well as anesthesiologic interventions and outcome after pediatric cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D. Müller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Leipzig, 04275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian P. Both
- Department of Anesthesia, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Sponholz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Theresa Voelker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Leipzig, 04275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Christiansen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Hemostaseology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Felix Niggli
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Achim Schmitz
- Department of Anesthesia, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Weiss
- Department of Anesthesia, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Thomas
- Department of Anesthesia, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian N. Stehr
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Leipzig, 04275 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Piegeler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Leipzig, 04275 Leipzig, Germany
- EuroPeriscope: The ESA-IC Onco-Anaesthesiology Research Group
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-97-17700; Fax: +49-341-97-17709
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26
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van Heerden J, Balagadde-Kambugu J, Angom R, Lusobya RC, Chantada G, Desjardins L, Fabian ID, Israels T, Paintsil V, Hessissen L, Diouf MN, Elayadi M, Turner SD, Kouya F, Geel JA. Evaluating the baseline survival outcomes of the "six Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer index cancers" in Africa. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 40:203-223. [PMID: 36369884 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2022.2140860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Limited survival data for the six Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer (GICC) priority cancers are available in Africa. Management of pediatric malignancies in Africa is challenging due to lack of resources, setting-specific comorbidities, high rates of late presentation and treatment abandonment. Reporting of outcome data is problematic due to the lack of registries. With the aim of evaluating the feasibility of baseline outcomes for the six index cancers, we present a descriptive analysis of respective survival rates in Africa. The survival rates were between 18% (lower middle-income countries) to 82.3% (upper middle-income countries) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, between 26.9% (low-income countries) to 77.9% (upper middle-income countries) for nephroblastoma, between 23% (low-income countries) to 100% (upper middle-income countries), for retinoblastoma, 45% (low-income countries) to 95% (upper middle-income countries) for Hodgkin lymphoma and 28% (low-income countries) to 76% (upper middle-income countries) for Burkitt lymphoma. Solutions to improve survival rates and reported outcomes include establishing and funding sustainable registries, training and to actively include all countries in consortia from different African regions.HighlightsContinental differences in childhood cancer management such lack of resources, setting-specific comorbidities, high rates of late presentation and treatment abandonment, present challenges to the achievement of Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer goals.The available data registries do not adequately inform on the true incidences and outcomes of childhood cancers in Africa.The pathophysiology of some childhood cancers in Africa are associated with high-risk prognostic factors.Outcomes can be improved by greater regional collaboration to manage childhood cancer based on local resources and tumor characteristics.Some individual countries have reached the Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer goals for single cancers and it should be possible for more African countries to follow suit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaques van Heerden
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Pediatric hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Racheal Angom
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rebecca Claire Lusobya
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Guillermo Chantada
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ido Didi Fabian
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,International Center for Eye Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Trijn Israels
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Vivian Paintsil
- Department of Child Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Laila Hessissen
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Center, University Mohammed V Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Moatasem Elayadi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Egypt & Children Cancer Hospital of Egypt (CCHE-57357), Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Francine Kouya
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Cameroon Baptist Convention Hospitals in Mutengene, Mbingo and Banso, Mutengene, Cameroon
| | - Jennifer A Geel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Witwatersrand, South Africa
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27
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Jiang M, Hu X, Qian K, Yang P, Tang Y, Wang P, Cai J. Atypical CT findings of renal neuroblastoma: a case report. Transl Pediatr 2022; 11:1267-1273. [PMID: 35958006 PMCID: PMC9360815 DOI: 10.21037/tp-22-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuroblastoma (NB) is a highly malignant tumor of the ectoderm of sympathetic nerve cells and one of the most common malignant tumors in children, which can occur in any part of the sympathetic nerve plexus distribution, however it is less common in the kidney. CASE DESCRIPTION Here we present a case of a 4-year-old boy who came to our hospital for medical help because of "abdominal distension for 1 day". Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a huge retroperitoneal soft tissue mass with unclear boundaries with kidneys and adrenal glands, and low-density cystic necrosis areas were seen in the tumor. Contrast-enhanced scan showed that the mass showed mild heterogeneous enhancement. Based on these findings in the patient, he was initially considered to have Wilms tumor, but was finally pathologically confirmed as renal NB. The purpose of this article is to provide the clinicopathological features and CT manifestations of renal NB, and to discuss its differential diagnosis with other renal tumors, in order to better provide clinicians with a better understanding of the rare solid tumor. The renal NB is usually a large lobulated soft tissue mass with unclear boundary and incomplete capsule, which is prone to hemorrhage, necrosis, cystic degeneration and calcification. On CT, the mass is usually isodensity or slightly hypodense, and the cystic degeneration and necrosis area is hypodense, and on contrast-enhanced scan, it can be mildly to significantly enhanced, but the cystic degeneration and necrosis area have no enhancement. CONCLUSIONS The CT findings of our case were atypical and overlapped with those of Wilms, so our case suggests that renal NB should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of Wilms, the most common malignancy of the kidney in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyan Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xianwen Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Kai Qian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Peiqing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiong Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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28
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De New KM, Coates JR, Millman Z, Kim DY, Hong HP, Royal AB. What is your diagnosis? Spinal mass in a young dog. Vet Clin Pathol 2022; 52 Suppl 2:97-99. [PMID: 35524292 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Luo B, Feng S, Li T, Wang J, Qi Z, Zhao Y, Hu B. Transcription factor HOXB2 upregulates NUSAP1 to promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of nephroblastoma cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:205. [PMID: 35485274 PMCID: PMC9073831 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor homeobox protein Hox-B2 (HOXB2) and its downstream factor nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) play important regulatory roles in cell proliferation, invasion and migration. However, their effects and specific mechanisms in nephroblastoma have not been previously investigated, to the best of our knowledge. Therefore, in the present study, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HOXB2 and NUSAP1 were determined in nephroblastoma cells using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses, respectively. Furthermore, cell transfection experiments were carried out to knock down NUSAP1 and overexpress HOXB2 in nephroblastoma cell lines. The proliferative, invasive and migratory abilities of nephroblastoma cells were assessed by MTT, EdU, colony formation, wound healing and Transwell assays. In addition, the JASPAR website was used to predict the association between HOXB2 and NUSAP1, which was further verified by dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Finally, the expression levels of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related proteins were measured by western blot analysis. The results showed that the expression of NUSAP1 was abnormally upregulated in nephroblastoma cell lines. However, NUSAP1 silencing attenuated the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of nephroblastoma cells. The results also suggested that HOXB2 could transcriptionally activate NUSAP1. Therefore, HOXB2 overexpression abrogated the inhibitory effect of NUSAP1 silencing on the proliferation and metastasis of nephroblastoma cells, possibly via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The aforementioned findings indicated that HOXB2 may upregulate NUSAP1 to promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of nephroblastoma cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Luo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643099, P.R. China
| | - Shasha Feng
- Department of Clinical, Chongqing Jiulongpo District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400039, P.R. China
| | - Tianliang Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643099, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643099, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Qi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643099, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643099, P.R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643099, P.R. China
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Lai YC, Lu MY, Wang WC, Hou TC, Kuo CY. Correlations between histological characterizations and methylation statuses of tumour suppressor genes in Wilms' tumours. Int J Exp Pathol 2022; 103:121-128. [PMID: 35436013 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms' tumour is a solid tumour that frequently occurs in children. Genetic changes in WT1 and epigenetic aberrations that affect imprinted control region 1 in WT2 loci are implicated in its aetiology. Moreover, tumour suppressor genes are frequently silenced by methylation in this tumour. In the present study, we analysed the methylation statuses of promoter regions of 24 tumour suppressor genes using a methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA)-based approach in 6 Wilms' tumours. Methylation of RASSF1 was specific to all 6 Wilms' tumours and was not observed in normal tissues. Moreover, methylated HIC1 was identified in stromal-type Wilms' tumours and methylated BRCA1 was identified in epithelial-type Wilms' tumours. Unmethylated CASP8, RARB, MLH1_167, APC and CDKN2A were found only in blastemal predominant-type Wilms' tumour. Our results indicated that methylation of RASSF1 may be a vital event in the tumorigenesis of Wilms' tumour, which informs its clinical and therapeutic management. In addition, mixed-type Wilms' tumours may be classified according to epithelial, stromal and blastemal components via MS-MLPA-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chein Lai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yao Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Cheng Hou
- Department of Pathology, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yun Kuo
- Department of Pathology, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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31
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Liao W, Zhu J, Zhang H, Cui Y, Peng Q. The relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor expression and the risk of childhood nephroblastoma: systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Pediatr 2022; 11:375-384. [PMID: 35378961 PMCID: PMC8976676 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explores the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor expression and the risk of childhood nephroblastoma. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database were searched to collect independent study data published in China between 2010 and 2021 on the expression and significance of VEGF in childhood nephroblastoma, and literature heterogeneity was tested. The odds ratio (OR) value was used as the effect indicator. Meta-analysis software RevMan 4.2.2 was used, and the original data of each study were statistically processed to calculate the combined OR value and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Twelve studies involving 1,226 cases of pediatric nephroblastoma were included for systematic evaluation. The 12 randomized controlled studies reported the expression of VEGF in childhood nephroblastoma (OR =9.06, 95% CI: 6.97-11.78, P<0.00001). There was a statistically significant difference in expression of VEGF between the unfavorable histology (UH) group and the favorable histology (FH) group (OR =1.17, 95% CI: 1.07-1.27, P=0.0006) and expression of VEGF in different clinical stages of nephroblastoma, including stage I-II and III-IV (OR =0.49, 95% CI: 0.42-0.58, P<0.00001). Positive expression of VEGF showed no significant statistical difference between cases with and without tumor metastasis (OR =1.08, 95% CI: 0.86-1.36, P=0.50). CONCLUSIONS The expression of VEGF may play an important role in the occurrence and development of childhood nephroblastoma and could help guide clinicians to judge disease and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenge Liao
- Department of Surgery, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of Anesthesia, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Department of Surgery, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Theilen TM, Braun Y, Bochennek K, Rolle U, Fiegel HC, Friedmacher F. Multidisciplinary Treatment Strategies for Wilms Tumor: Recent Advances, Technical Innovations and Future Directions. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:852185. [PMID: 35911825 PMCID: PMC9333359 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.852185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the management of Wilms tumor (WT) in recent years, mostly as a result of collaborative efforts and the implementation of protocol-driven, multimodal therapy. This article offers a comprehensive overview of current multidisciplinary treatment strategies for WT, whilst also addressing recent technical innovations including nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) and minimally invasive approaches. In addition, surgical concepts for the treatment of metastatic disease, advances in tumor imaging technology and potentially prognostic biomarkers will be discussed. Current evidence suggests that, in experienced hands and selected cases, laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and laparoscopic-assisted partial nephrectomy for WT may offer the same outcome as the traditional open approach. While NSS is the standard procedure for bilateral WT, NSS has evolved as an alternative technique in patients with smaller unilateral WT and in cases with imminent renal failure. Metastatic disease of the lung or liver that is associated with WT is preferably treated with a three-drug chemotherapy and local radiation therapy. However, surgical sampling of lung nodules may be advisable in persistent nodules before whole lung irradiation is commenced. Several tumor markers such as loss of heterozygosity of chromosomes 1p/16q, 11p15 and gain of function at 1q are associated with an increased risk of recurrence or a decreased risk of overall survival in patients with WT. In summary, complete resection with tumor-free margins remains the primary surgical aim in WT, while NSS and minimally invasive approaches are only suitable in a subset of patients with smaller WT and low-risk disease. In the future, advances in tumor imaging technology may assist the surgeon in defining surgical resection margins and additional biomarkers may emerge as targets for development of new diagnostic tests and potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till-Martin Theilen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yannick Braun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Konrad Bochennek
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Pediatric Oncology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Henning C Fiegel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Florian Friedmacher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Turnbull V, Randhawa H, Wang Y, McGrath M, Braga LH. Nephron-sparing approach for familial bilateral synchronous Wilms tumors. Urology 2021; 160:199-202. [PMID: 34752848 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2021.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Wilms tumors are the most common renal malignancy of childhood, often presenting as asymptomatic abdominal masses. These tumors can occur either in a unilateral or bilateral fashion, with bilateral tumors more commonly associated with various genetic syndromes and familial inheritance with some known loci. Bilateral tumors present challenges with regards to balancing oncologic control with renal function. Here, we present an unusual case of a young female patient diagnosed with bilateral Wilms tumors on the background of a strong family history and unknown genetic loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Turnbull
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Yuding Wang
- Division of Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa McGrath
- McMaster Pediatric Surgery Research Collaborative, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luis H Braga
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Division of Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; McMaster Pediatric Surgery Research Collaborative, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Ishibashi CM, de Oliveira CEC, Guembarovski RL, Hirata BKB, Vitiello GAF, Guembarovski AL, Amarante MK, de Oliveira KB, Kishima MO, Ariza CB, Watanabe MAE. Genetic Polymorphisms of the TGFB1 Signal Peptide and Promoter Region: Role in Wilms Tumor Susceptibility? J Kidney Cancer VHL 2021; 8:22-31. [PMID: 34722128 DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.v8i4.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the rs1800468 (G-800A), rs1800469 (C-509T), rs1800470 (C29T), and rs1800471 (G74C) TGFB1 genetic polymorphisms and their haplotype structures in patients with Wilms Tumor (WT) and neoplasia-free controls. The genomic DNA was extracted from 35 WT patients and 160 neoplasia-free children, and the TGFB1 polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. The haplotype structures were inferred, and permutation and logistic regression tests were performed to check for differences in haplotype distribution between the control and WT individuals. Positive associations were found in the recessive model for rs1800469 T allele (OR: 8.417; 95% CI: 3.177 to 22.297; P < 0.001) and for the rs1800470 C allele (OR: 3.000; 95% CI: 1.296 to 6.944; P = 0.01). Haplotype analysis revealed a significant negative association between GCTG and WT (OR: 0.236, 95% CI: 0.105 to 0.534; P = 0.0002); by contrast, the GTTG haplotype was associated with increased risk for WT (OR: 12.0; 95% CI: 4.202 to 34.270; P < 0.001). Furthermore, rs1800469 was negatively correlated with tumor size and a trend toward a positive correlation for capsular invasion was observed in the dominant model (Tau-b: −0.43, P = 0.02 and tau-b: 0.5, P = 0.06, respectively). This is the first study with rs1800468, rs1800469, rs1800470, and rs1800471 TGFB1 polymorphisms in WT, and our results suggest that the TGFB1 promoter and signal peptide region polymorphisms may be associated with WT susceptibility and clinical presentation.
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Welter N, Wagner A, Furtwängler R, Melchior P, Kager L, Vokuhl C, Schenk JP, Meier CM, Siemer S, Gessler M, Graf N. Characteristics of Nephroblastoma/Nephroblastomatosis in Children with a Clinically Reported Underlying Malformation or Cancer Predisposition Syndrome. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5016. [PMID: 34638500 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It is well known that different cancer predisposition syndromes are associated with characteristic WT-features. The following findings from our retrospective analysis of patients with nephroblastoma treated according to the SIOP/GPOH trials between 1989 and 2017 are relevant: (1) The outcome of patients with a cancer predisposition syndrome is not always favorable despite early diagnosis, small tumors and less metastatic disease. This finding is partly depending on complications related to the underlying syndrome. (2) Predisposition syndromes seem to be underdiagnosed as several clinical and pathological features of Wilms tumor being clearly linked to a cancer predisposition syndrome did not lead to genetic counseling before and after WT diagnosis. As a conclusion, in children with a nephroblastoma and specific clinical and pathological features that are in line with a nephroblastoma cancer predisposition syndrome such a syndrome should always be considered and ruled out if unknown at the time of tumor diagnosis. Abstract (1) Background: about 10% of Wilms Tumor (WT) patients have a malformation or cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS) with causative germline genetic or epigenetic variants. Knowledge on CPS is essential for genetic counselling. (2) Methods: this retrospective analysis focused on 2927 consecutive patients with WTs registered between 1989 and 2017 in the SIOP/GPOH studies. (3) Results: Genitourinary malformations (GU, N = 66, 2.3%), Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWS, N = 32, 1.1%), isolated hemihypertrophy (IHH, N = 29, 1.0%), Denys-Drash syndrome (DDS, N = 24, 0.8%) and WAGR syndrome (N = 20, 0.7%) were reported most frequently. Compared to others, these patients were younger at WT diagnosis (median age 24.5 months vs. 39.0 months), had smaller tumors (349.4 mL vs. 487.5 mL), less often metastasis (8.2% vs. 18%), but more often nephroblastomatosis (12.9% vs. 1.9%). WT with IHH was associated with blastemal WT and DDS with stromal subtype. Bilateral WTs were common in WAGR (30%), DDS (29%) and BWS (31%). Chemotherapy induced reduction in tumor volume was poor in DDS (0.4% increase) and favorable in BWS (86.9% reduction). The event-free survival (EFS) of patients with BWS was significantly (p = 0.002) worse than in others. (4) Conclusions: CPS should be considered in WTs with specific clinical features resulting in referral to a geneticist. Their outcome was not always favorable.
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Ben Hammouda S, Ben Abdeljelil N. A rare pediatric renal tumor: Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04929. [PMID: 34667607 PMCID: PMC8511879 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The histological features of cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma (CPDN) require a thorough sampling of the surgical specimen and the application of immunohistochemical techniques to confirm the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seifeddine Ben Hammouda
- Department of PathologyFattouma Bourguiba University HospitalMonastirTunisia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MonastirMonastirTunisia
| | - Nouha Ben Abdeljelil
- Department of PathologyFattouma Bourguiba University HospitalMonastirTunisia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MonastirMonastirTunisia
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Qian C, Liu Q. FOXO3a inhibits nephroblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induces apoptosis through downregulating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:796. [PMID: 34515328 PMCID: PMC8446726 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead transcription factor O subfamily 3A (FOXO3a) is an important tumor suppressor gene that is expressed in renal tissue and has been reported to be downregulated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Notably, the overexpression of FOXO3a was previously discovered to inhibit the progression of CCRCC. However, the expression levels of FOXO3a in nephroblastoma cell lines remain unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels of FOXO3a in nephroblastoma cell lines and to determine the mechanism of action of the biological functions of FOXO3a. Western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR were used to analyze the expression levels of FOXO3a in nephroblastoma cell lines. Subsequently, the effects of the overexpression of FOXO3a and the genetic knockdown of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling protein Axin‑2 on the biological functions were determined through Cell Counting Kit‑8, cell colony formation assays, scratch and Transwell assay and flow cytometric analysis experiments. The expression levels of FOXO3a were discovered to be downregulated in nephroblastoma cell lines. The overexpression of FOXO3a inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of nephroblastoma cells, while inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, the overexpression of FOXO3a downregulated the expression levels of β‑catenin and Cyclin‑D1 proteins involved in the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Cell proliferation and the migration and invasion ability of 17‑94 cells in shRNA‑Axin2‑2 group were promoted. Cell apoptosis was predominantly increased by overexpressed FOXO3a, which was reversed by shRNA‑Axin2‑1. The biological effects of overexpressing FOXO3a on nephroblastoma were reversed after activation of Wnt/β‑catenin. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that FOXO3a may inhibit nephroblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while inducing apoptosis, by downregulating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. These results may provide a novel method for the early diagnosis and precise treatment of nephroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qian
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277102, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu 226002, P.R. China
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Abstract
Two-dimensional echocardiography is useful in the diagnosis of cardiac masses, including tumors. Cardiac metastasis of nephroblastoma heralds a worse prognosis. This 4-year-old child presented with clinical and radiological features suggestive of nephroblastoma. She had intracaval spread of the tumor to the right atrium. The cardiac metastasis was initially missed as echocardiography was not part of the routine workup for the patient as she had no clinical features suggestive of cardiac disease. Although cardiac metastasis of nephroblastoma is rare, we recommend routine transthoracic echocardiography for all patients irrespective of the presence of cardiac symptoms and signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejiroghene Martha Umuerri
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Unit, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Delta State, Nigeria.,Department of Medicine, Cardiology Unit, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Helen Kesiena Odion-Obomhense
- Department of Surgery, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.,Department of Surgery, Paediatric Surgery Unit, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria
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Zhu S, Zhang J, Gao X, Tang X, Cui Y, Li D, Jia W. Silencing of long noncoding RNA MYLK-AS1 suppresses nephroblastoma via down-regulation of CCNE1 through transcription factor TCF7L2. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5757-5770. [PMID: 33438217 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nephroblastoma, a pediatric kidney cancer, caused by pluripotent embryonic renal precursors. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly abnormal expressed in many cancers. In the present study, we fousced on one newly discrovered lncRNA, MYLK Antisense RNA 1 (MYLK-AS1), and its functional role in proliferation and cycle distribution of nephroblastoma cells. Micorarray-based analysis revealed the highly expressed Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) and MYLK-AS1 in nephroblastoma. After nephroblastoma tissue sample collection, RT-qPCR confirmed the upregulated expression of MYLK-AS1 and CCNE1 in nephroblastoma tissues and cells. Kaplan-Meier curve exhibited that patients with elevated CCNE1 had lower overall survival rate in follow-up study. RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were employed to determine the relationship among MYLK-AS1, TCF7L2, and CCNE1, which validated that transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) could specifically bind to MYLK-AS1 and TCF7L2 could positively promote CCNE1. After gain- and loss-of function assays, the conclusion that silencing of MYLK-AS1 could inhibit expression of CCNE1 through the transcription factor TCF7L2 to regulate the cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution of nephroblastoma cells was obtained. Subsequently, the subcutaneous tumor formation ability of nephroblastoma cell in nude mice was observed and the silencing of MYLK-AS1 exerts suppressive role in the tumorigenic ability of nephroblastoma cells in vivo. Taken together, MYLK-AS1 constitutes a promising biomarker for the early detection and treatment of nephroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingqi Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Gao
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangliang Tang
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanhong Cui
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dian Li
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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40
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He S, Yang L, Xiao Z, Tang K, Xu D. Identification of key carcinogenic genes in Wilms' tumor. Genes Genet Syst 2021; 96:141-149. [PMID: 34334530 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to probe carcinogenic genes and pathways associated with Wilms' tumor (WT) onset and malignancy progression. After screening, three datasets acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and GO functional enrichment, KEGG pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) were analyzed. The DEGs with top fold change values or top protein interaction scores were used to analyze overall survival based on the TARGET WT dataset. Together, 866 up-regulated genes in GDS1791, 585 up-regulated genes in GDS2010, and 277 down-regulated genes in GDS4802 were found, from which 46 key DEGs were selected for further analysis. In the PPI network, hub positions included COL5A1, COL4A1, ARPP21, SPARCL1, CD86, LY96 and PPP1R12B. The top DEGs (ARPP21, SYNPO, PRRC2B, PPP1R12B, EFCAB2 and LY96) were selected for survival analysis, and they consistently showed a significantly positive correlation with poor survival. Together, five key carcinogenic genes (SYNPO, PRRC2B, PPP1R12B, EFCAB2 and LY96) were highly associated with WT onset and patient survival. These risk genes, interaction networks and enrichments should improve our understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms in WT development and help clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | | | - Zhixiang Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Kunbin Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Di Xu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital
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41
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Tripathi S, Mishra A, Popat VC, Husain SA. Wilms' Tumor in Adults-Conventional and Unconventional Presentations of a Rare Entity with a Review of Literature. J Kidney Cancer VHL 2021; 8:40-48. [PMID: 34322362 PMCID: PMC8297498 DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.v8i2.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms' tumor (WT) in adults is a rare neoplasm. Only a few reports are available in the literature. The tumor often masquerades as renal cell carcinoma (RCC). For accurate reporting, histopathological examination (HPE) plays a vital role in early diagnosis and prompt administration of multimodality treatment helps to improve the prognosis. We comprehensively analyzed five cases of adult WT presenting in the third to fifth decade with flank pain, hematuria, fever, and palpable lump. After complete clinical, biochemical, radiological, and HPE evaluation, tumor was staged and treatment was planned accordingly. Patients with low-stage WT were treated with open radical nephrectomy and chemotherapy. One of the patients diagnosed with inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus apart from the above treatment also underwent IVC thrombectomy. Another young male presenting with distant metastasis (stage IV) and focal anaplasia on histology received preoperative chemotherapy and then planned for surgery. Unfortunately, the tumor being unresectable, second-line chemotherapy was given but he ultimately succumbed to death. All other patients are on regular follow-up and disease-free. Adult nephroblastoma is a rare clinical entity with hostile behavior. The presence of IVC thrombus is not a contraindication to surgery. Although the management strategy as per pediatric protocol by the inclusion of multimodality approach improves survival, still the overall prognosis in adults is dismal. There is a need for a standardized treatment protocol to encourage a homogenous approach for this rare disease and thereby improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Tripathi
- Department of Pathology & Blood cell, Rana Beni Madhav District Hospital, Raebareli, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Urology, AIIMS, Raebareli, India
| | - Vijay C. Popat
- Department of Pathology, MP Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, India
| | - Syed Altaf Husain
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Rana Beni Madhav District hospital, Raebareli, India
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Herrington CS, Poulsom R, Koeppen H, Coates PJ. Recent Advances in Pathology: the 2021 Annual Review Issue of The Journal of Pathology. J Pathol 2021; 254:303-306. [PMID: 34097314 DOI: 10.1002/path.5687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The 2021 Annual Review Issue of The Journal of Pathology contains 14 invited reviews on current research areas of particular importance in pathology. The subjects included here reflect the broad range of interests covered by the journal, including both basic and applied research fields but always with the aim of improving our understanding of human disease. This year, our reviews encompass the huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the development and application of biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors, recent advances in multiplexing antigen/nucleic acid detection in situ, the use of genomics to aid drug discovery, organoid methodologies in research, the microbiome in cancer, the role of macrophage-stroma interactions in fibrosis, and TGF-β as a driver of fibrosis in multiple pathologies. Other reviews revisit the p53 field and its lack of clinical impact to date, dissect the genetics of mitochondrial diseases, summarise the cells of origin and genetics of sarcomagenesis, provide new data on the role of TRIM28 in tumour predisposition, review our current understanding of cancer stem cell niches, and the function and regulation of p63. The reviews are authored by experts in their field from academia and industry, and provide comprehensive updates of the chosen areas, in which there has been considerable recent progress. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Simon Herrington
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Richard Poulsom
- The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland, London, UK
| | | | - Philip J Coates
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
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43
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Vallejo Yepes C, Bermudez M, Camacho-Nieto D, Mesa J, Bruges R. Adult Wilms' Tumor: Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e15524. [PMID: 34268047 PMCID: PMC8265692 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms' tumor is childhood’s most common renal tumor, and its presentation in the adult age is extremely rare. Due to the low frequency in adults, no standard management guidelines are available for this population, also the natural history of the disease and management is unclear. We present a case report of a 31-year-old woman with metastatic Wilms' tumor, with lymph node, lung and liver involvement; systemic treatment with chemotherapy was started, with complete clinical response. Finally, a literature review is performed to showcase the differences in the clinical course, prognosis, and treatment alternatives, in adult disease compared to childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diego Camacho-Nieto
- Urology, Hospital Universitario Mayor - Méderi/Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, COL
| | - Jorge Mesa
- Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, COL
| | - Ricardo Bruges
- Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, COL
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44
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Vujanić GM, D'Hooghe E, Vokuhl C, Collini P. Dataset for the reporting of nephrectomy specimens for Wilms' tumour treated with preoperative chemotherapy: recommendations from the International Society of Paediatric Oncology Renal Tumour Study Group. Histopathology 2021; 79:678-686. [PMID: 33942359 DOI: 10.1111/his.14394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Datasets for histopathological reporting of many cancer types are developed by the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR), and are used in order to ensure standardised and uniformly accepted reporting as one of the essential requirements for comparison across patient populations in evaluating and validating pathological prognostic and predictive factors. Wilms' tumours are rare, and international reporting guidelines have not yet been published by the ICCR. The assessment of Wilms' tumours differs according to the treatment approach. The Children's Oncology Group, whose approach is followed mainly in North America, advocates primary surgery, and the International Society of Paediatric Oncology Renal Tumour Study Group (SIOP-RTSG), whose approach is followed in most countries around the world, uses preoperative chemotherapy as a first step, resulting in different subclassifications, staging criteria, and histopathological prognostic factors. This dataset is developed for the countries and institutions following the SIOP-RTSG approach, and it contains core (required) and non-core (recommended) elements, based on the results of the previous SIOP-RTSG studies, which are incorporated in the latest SIOP-RTSG UMBRELLA 2016 Study protocol. The core elements include clinical information, additional specimen submitted, macroscopic tumour site and appearance, tumour focality, tumour dimensions, macroscopic extent of invasion, block identification key, histological tumour type, histological tumour grade and risk group assessment, microscopic extent of invasion, lymphovascular invasion, resection margin status, regional lymph node status, histologically confirmed distant metastases, and pathological staging (SIOP staging system). The dataset should improve communication for patient care and prognostic determination of the old and new histopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordan M Vujanić
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha
| | - Ellen D'Hooghe
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Paola Collini
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
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Glaspell SJ, Knapek KJ, Washington IM, Fitzgerald SD, Fortin JS. Nephroblastoma in a Sprague Dawley rat unrelated to titanium dioxide nanoparticle exposure in utero. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:944-949. [PMID: 33277974 PMCID: PMC8136948 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephroblastoma is an embryonal tumour that has rarely been reported in laboratory rats. In this case report, a large nephroblastoma with peritoneal seeding was found during necropsy in an 11-month-old, female, Sprague Dawley rat. The rat had a history of indirect exposure to nano-TiO2 (titanium dioxide nanoparticles) during maternal gestation. A firm mass in the upper right abdominal quadrant was palpated. Four weeks later, the animal quickly declined. Nephroblastoma was confirmed by histopathology. Only one rat developed nephroblastoma among the ten littermates. Nephroblastomas in Sprague Dawley rats are typically spontaneous tumours with non-malignant mesenchymal elements. The capability to induce a nephroblastoma with nano-TiO2 is less likely in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie J. Knapek
- Office of Laboratory Animal ResourcesWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWVUSA
| | - Ida M. Washington
- Office of Laboratory Animal ResourcesWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWVUSA
| | - Scott D. Fitzgerald
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic InvestigationCollege of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA
- Veterinary Diagnostic LaboratoryMichigan State UniversityLansingMIUSA
| | - Jessica S. Fortin
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic InvestigationCollege of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA
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Hol JA, Diets IJ, de Krijger RR, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Jongmans MC, Kuiper RP. TRIM28 variants and Wilms' tumour predisposition. J Pathol 2021; 254:494-504. [PMID: 33565090 PMCID: PMC8252630 DOI: 10.1002/path.5639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
TRIM28 was recently identified as a Wilms' tumour (WT) predisposition gene, with germline pathogenic variants identified in around 1% of isolated and 8% of familial WT cases. TRIM28 variants are associated with epithelial WT, but the presence of other tumour components or anaplasia does not exclude the presence of a germline or somatic TRIM28 variant. In children with WT, TRIM28 acts as a classical tumour suppressor gene, with both alleles generally disrupted in the tumour. Therefore, loss of TRIM28 (KAP1/TIF1beta) protein expression in tumour tissue by immunohistochemistry is an effective strategy to identify patients carrying pathogenic TRIM28 variants. TRIM28 is a ubiquitously expressed corepressor that binds transcription factors in a context‐, species‐, and cell‐type‐specific manner to control the expression of genes and transposable elements during embryogenesis and cellular differentiation. In this review, we describe the inheritance patterns, histopathological and clinical features of TRIM28‐associated WT, as well as potential underlying mechanisms of tumourigenesis during embryonic kidney development. Recognizing germline TRIM28 variants in patients with WT can enable counselling, genetic testing, and potential early detection of WT in other children in the family. A further exploration of TRIM28‐associated WT will help to unravel the diverse and complex mechanisms underlying WT development. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna A Hol
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Illja J Diets
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald R de Krijger
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marjolijn Cj Jongmans
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roland P Kuiper
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Dávila Fajardo R, Furtwängler R, van Grotel M, van Tinteren H, Pasqualini C, Pritchard-Jones K, Al-Saadi R, de Camargo B, Ramírez Villar GL, Graf N, Muracciole X, Melchior P, Saunders D, Rübe C, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Janssens GO, Verschuur AC. Outcome of Stage IV Completely Necrotic Wilms Tumour and Local Stage III Treated According to the SIOP 2001 Protocol. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050976. [PMID: 33652659 PMCID: PMC7956604 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Around 15–20% of all Wilms tumour (WT) patients present with metastatic disease. Approximately 10% of these patients achieve complete necrosis after preoperative chemotherapy, which is associated with a favourable prognosis. The aim of this observational study is to describe the outcome of metastatic patients with completely necrotic (low-risk histology), local stage III WT treated according to the SIOP 2001 protocol, whether or not postoperative radiotherapy was applied. Abstract Objective: Wilms tumour (WT) patients with a localised completely necrotic nephroblastoma after preoperative chemotherapy are a favourable outcome group. Since the introduction of the SIOP 2001 protocol, the SIOP– Renal Tumour Study Group (SIOP–RTSG) has omitted radiotherapy for such patients with low-risk, local stage III in an attempt to reduce treatment burden. However, for metastatic patients with local stage III, completely necrotic WT, the recommendations led to ambiguous use. The purpose of this descriptive study is to demonstrate the outcomes of patients with metastatic, completely necrotic and local stage III WT in relation to the application of radiotherapy or not. Methods and materials: all metastatic patients with local stage III, completely necrotic WT after 6 weeks of preoperative chemotherapy who were registered in the SIOP 2001 study were included in this analysis. The pattern of recurrence according to the usage of radiation treatment and 5 year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was analysed. Results: seven hundred and three metastatic WT patients were registered in the SIOP 2001 database. Of them, 47 patients had a completely necrotic, local stage III WT: 45 lung metastases (11 combined localisations), 1 liver/peritoneal, and 1 tumour thrombus in the renal vein and the inferior vena cava with bilateral pulmonary arterial embolism. Abdominal radiotherapy was administered in 29 patients (62%; 29 flank/abdominal irradiation and 9 combined with lung irradiation). Eighteen patients did not receive radiotherapy. Median follow-up was 6.6 years (range 1–151 months). Two of the 47 patients (4%) developed disease recurrence in the lung (one combined with abdominal relapse) and eventually died of the disease. Both patients had received abdominal radiotherapy, one of them combined with lung irradiation. Five-year EFS and OS were 95% and 95%, respectively. Conclusions: the outcome of patients with stage IV, local stage III, completely necrotic Wilms tumours is excellent. Our results suggest that abdominal irradiation in this patient category may not be of added value in first-line treatment, consistent with the current recommendation in the SIOP–RTSG 2016 UMBRELLA protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Dávila Fajardo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.v.G.); (M.M.v.d.H.-E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-(0)88-756-7898
| | - Rhoikos Furtwängler
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, University Hospital of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (R.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Martine van Grotel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.v.G.); (M.M.v.d.H.-E.)
| | - Harm van Tinteren
- Trial and Data Center, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Claudia Pasqualini
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Institute Gustave Roussy, CEDEX, 94805 Villejuif, France;
| | - Kathy Pritchard-Jones
- Developmental Biology & Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (K.P.-J.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Reem Al-Saadi
- Developmental Biology & Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (K.P.-J.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Beatriz de Camargo
- Research Center, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil;
| | - Gema L. Ramírez Villar
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Norbert Graf
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, University Hospital of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (R.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Xavier Muracciole
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Patrick Melchior
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (P.M.); (C.R.)
| | | | - Christian Rübe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (P.M.); (C.R.)
| | | | - Geert O. Janssens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.v.G.); (M.M.v.d.H.-E.)
| | - Arnauld C. Verschuur
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, La Timone Children’s Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13005 Marseille, France;
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The treatment of Wilms tumor is one of the great achievements in the field of oncology. One of the key success factors has been improved risk stratification, enabling augmentation or reduction of therapy depending on a patient's risk of relapse. This article highlights the evolution of clinical and biological prognostic markers that have been applied in the treatment of Wilms tumor. RECENT FINDINGS Historically, tumor stage and histology were the sole determinants of Wilms tumor treatment. Recent clinical trials conducted by the Children's Oncology Group (COG) and the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) Renal Tumor Study Group have expanded the menu of prognostic factors to include histologic and volumetric response to therapy and tumor-specific loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosomes 1p and 16q. Augmentation of therapy has been able to overcome the adverse risk factors. An emerging prognostic marker is chromosome 1q gain, will be incorporated into future clinical trials. SUMMARY The application of new clinical and biological prognostic factors has created unprecedented ability to tailor therapy for Wilms tumor, accompanied with improved outcomes. Current and future trials will continue to enhance precision medicine for Wilms tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie V. Nelson
- Division of Oncology, Children's National Hospital and the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, United States
| | | | - Norbert Graf
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jeffrey S. Dome
- Division of Oncology, Children's National Hospital and the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, United States
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49
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Liu XH, Zhang CM, Pan PQ, Zhang DQ, Huang X, Ji ZH. Long noncoding RNA KCNQ1OT1 contributes to the development of nephroblastoma via modulating miR-21/PTEN axis. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 34:1901-1908. [PMID: 33155453 DOI: 10.23812/20-376-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X H Liu
- Blood Purification Center, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - C M Zhang
- Laboratory Pathology Department, Army Hospital of the 80th Army Group, Weifang, China
| | - P Q Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - D Q Zhang
- Public Health Department, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, China
| | - X Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, China
| | - Z H Ji
- Outpatient Department, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Hiser Medical Group, Qingdao, China
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50
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Quinn L, Fox JG, Joy J, Muthupalani S, Carrasco SE. Anaplastic nephroblastoma with peritoneal metastasis in an adult female Sprague Dawley rat. J Toxicol Pathol 2020; 33:297-302. [PMID: 33239848 PMCID: PMC7677621 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2020-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous nephroblastomas are uncommon tumors of laboratory rats. This report
describes a spontaneous nephroblastoma with peritoneal metastasis in an 11-month-old,
female Sprague Dawley rat. The rat was part of a breeding program and presented 15 days
post parturition with clinical signs including tachypnea, dyspnea and abdominal
distension. At necropsy, the right kidney was markedly enlarged by an expansile pale-tan
to white multinodular mass with extension into the retroperitoneal space, with multifocal
variably sized nodules involving the mesentery, and surface of pancreas, liver, uterus,
and ovarian bursa. The rat also had severe bicavitary effusion. Histologically, the renal
parenchyma of the affected kidney was replaced by a moderately cellular,
poorly-demarcated, non-encapsulated, multilobulated mass that appeared to compress the
adjacent renal outer medulla and cortex. Three distinct neoplastic cell populations were
identified in this renal tumor: epithelial cells (convoluted and dilated tubules / rare
primitive glomeruloid structures), mesenchymal (neoplastic spindle cells in connective
tissue), and blastemal cells (primitive neoplastic cells). The extrarenal nodular masses
were predominantly composed of neoplastic mesenchymal and pleomorphic blastemal cells.
Immunohistochemically, neoplastic epithelial cells in the renal mass were positive for
pancytokeratin, and blastemal cells in both renal and extrarenal masses were positive for
Wilms’ tumor 1 protein (WT1) and vimentin. Neoplastic mesenchymal elements in both renal
and extrarenal masses were positive for vimentin. The neoplasm was negative for
chromogranin A and S100. The tumor was classified as an anaplastic nephroblastoma with
metastasis to the mesentery and peritoneal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Quinn
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - James G Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joanna Joy
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sureshkumar Muthupalani
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sebastian E Carrasco
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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