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Olbrich K, Setkowicz Z, Kawon K, Czyzycki M, Janik-Olchawa N, Carlomagno I, Aquilanti G, Chwiej J. Vibrational spectroscopy methods for investigation of the animal models of glioblastoma multiforme. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123230. [PMID: 37586277 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary brain tumor among adults. It is highly lethal disease, as only 25% of patients survive longer than 1 year and only 5% more than 5 years from the diagnosis. To search for the new, more effective methods of treatment, the understanding of mechanisms underlying the process of tumorigenesis is needed. The new light on this problem may be shed by the analysis of biochemical anomalies of tissues affected by tumor growth. Therefore, in the present work, we applied the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman microspectroscopy to evaluate changes in the distribution and structure of biomolecules appearing in the rat brain as a result of glioblastoma development. In turn, synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy was utilized to determine the elemental anomalies appearing in the nervous tissue. To achieve the assumed goals of the study animal models of GBM were used. The rats were subjected to the intracranial implantation of glioma cells with different degree of invasiveness. For spectroscopic investigation brain slices taken from the area of cancer cells administration were used. The obtained results revealed, among others, the decrease content of lipids and compounds containing carbonyl groups, compositional and structural changes of proteins as well as abnormalities in the distribution of low atomic number elements within the region of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Olbrich
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kawon
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Czyzycki
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Natalia Janik-Olchawa
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | - Joanna Chwiej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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2
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Synytsya A, Janstová D, Šmidová M, Synytsya A, Petrtýl J. Evaluation of IR and Raman spectroscopic markers of human collagens: Insides for indicating colorectal carcinogenesis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 296:122664. [PMID: 36996519 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopic methods are widely used in the molecular diagnostics of carcinogenesis. Collagen, a component of connective tissue, plays a special role as a biochemical marker of pathological changes in tissues. The vibrational bands of collagens are very promising to distinguish between normal colon tissue, benign and malignant colon polyps. Differences in these bands indicate changes in the amount, structure, conformation and the ratio between the individual structural forms (subtypes) of this protein. The screening of specific collagen markers of colorectal carcinogenesis was carried out based on the FTIR and Raman (λex 785 nm) spectra of colon tissue samples and purified human collagens. It was found that individual types of human collagens showed significant differences in their vibrational spectra, and specific spectral markers were found for them. These collagen bands were assigned to specific vibrations in the polypeptide backbone, amino acid side chains and carbohydrate moieties. The corresponding spectral regions for colon tissues and colon polyps were investigated for the contribution of collagen vibrations. Mentioned spectral differences in collagen spectroscopic markers could be of interest for early ex vivo diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma if combine vibrational spectroscopy and colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Synytsya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Daniela Janstová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Šmidová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Andriy Synytsya
- Department of Carbohydrates and Cereals, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromír Petrtýl
- 4th Internal Clinic-Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1(st) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, U Nemocnice 2, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Austin C, Kumar P, Carter EA, Lee J, Smith TM, Hinde K, Arora M, Lay PA. Stress exposure histories revealed by biochemical changes along accentuated lines in teeth. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138673. [PMID: 37054846 PMCID: PMC10167648 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The regular incremental secretion of enamel and dentine can be interrupted during periods of stress resulting in accentuated growth lines. These accentuated lines, visible under light microscopy, provide a chronology of an individual's stress exposure. Previously, we showed that small biochemical changes along accentuated growth lines detected by Raman spectroscopy, coincided with the timing of medical history events and disruptions of weight trajectory in teeth from captive macaques. Here, we translate those techniques to study biochemical changes related to illness and prolonged medical treatment during early infancy in humans. Chemometric analysis revealed biochemical changes related to known stress-induced changes in circulating phenylalanine as well as other biomolecules. Changes in phenylalanine are also known to affect biomineralization which is reflected in changes in the wavenumbers of hydroxyapatite phosphate bands associated with stress in the crystal lattice. Raman spectroscopy mapping of teeth is an objective, minimally-destructive technique that can aid in the reconstruction of an individual's stress response history and provide important information on the mixture of circulating biochemicals associated with medical conditions, as applied in epidemiological and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Austin
- Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Piyush Kumar
- Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Carter
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia; School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Joonsup Lee
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia; School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Tanya M Smith
- Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia; Griffith Centre for Social and Cultural Research, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Katie Hinde
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA; Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Manish Arora
- Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Peter A Lay
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia; School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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Lin J, Graziotto ME, Lay PA, New EJ. A Bimodal Fluorescence-Raman Probe for Cellular Imaging. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071699. [PMID: 34359866 PMCID: PMC8303253 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical changes in specific organelles underpin cellular function, and studying these changes is crucial to understand health and disease. Fluorescent probes have become important biosensing and imaging tools as they can be targeted to specific organelles and can detect changes in their chemical environment. However, the sensing capacity of fluorescent probes is highly specific and is often limited to a single analyte of interest. A novel approach to imaging organelles is to combine fluorescent sensors with vibrational spectroscopic imaging techniques; the latter provides a comprehensive map of the relative biochemical distributions throughout the cell to gain a more complete picture of the biochemistry of organelles. We have developed NpCN1, a bimodal fluorescence-Raman probe targeted to the lipid droplets, incorporating a nitrile as a Raman tag. NpCN1 was successfully used to image lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 cells in both fluorescence and Raman modalities, reporting on the chemical composition and distribution of the lipid droplets in the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarun Lin
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (J.L.); (M.E.G.)
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Marcus E. Graziotto
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (J.L.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Peter A. Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (J.L.); (M.E.G.)
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: (P.A.L.); (E.J.N.); Tel.: +61-2-9351-4269 (P.A.L.); + 61-2-9351-3329 (E.J.N.)
| | - Elizabeth J. New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (J.L.); (M.E.G.)
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: (P.A.L.); (E.J.N.); Tel.: +61-2-9351-4269 (P.A.L.); + 61-2-9351-3329 (E.J.N.)
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5
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Gieroba B, Krysa M, Wojtowicz K, Wiater A, Pleszczyńska M, Tomczyk M, Sroka-Bartnicka A. The FT-IR and Raman Spectroscopies as Tools for Biofilm Characterization Created by Cariogenic Streptococci. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113811. [PMID: 32471277 PMCID: PMC7313032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy and mapping were applied to the analysis of biofilms produced by bacteria of the genus Streptococcus. Bacterial biofilm, also called dental plaque, is the main cause of periodontal disease and tooth decay. It consists of a complex microbial community embedded in an extracellular matrix composed of highly hydrated extracellular polymeric substances and is a combination of salivary and bacterial proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and inorganic ions. This study confirms the value of Raman and FT-IR spectroscopies in biology, medicine, and pharmacy as effective tools for bacterial product characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gieroba
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.G.); (M.K.); (K.W.)
| | - Mikolaj Krysa
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.G.); (M.K.); (K.W.)
| | - Kinga Wojtowicz
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.G.); (M.K.); (K.W.)
| | - Adrian Wiater
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Małgorzata Pleszczyńska
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Sroka-Bartnicka
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.G.); (M.K.); (K.W.)
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-81448-7225
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6
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Vibrational Spectroscopy Fingerprinting in Medicine: from Molecular to Clinical Practice. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12182884. [PMID: 31489927 PMCID: PMC6766044 DOI: 10.3390/ma12182884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies turn out to be valuable tools, capable of providing fingerprint-type information on the composition and structural conformation of specific molecular species. Vibrational spectroscopy’s multiple features, namely highly sensitive to changes at the molecular level, noninvasive, nondestructive, reagent-free, and waste-free analysis, illustrate the potential in biomedical field. In light of this, the current work features recent data and major trends in spectroscopic analyses going from in vivo measurements up to ex vivo extracted and processed materials. The ability to offer insights into the structural variations underpinning pathogenesis of diseases could provide a platform for disease diagnosis and therapy effectiveness evaluation as a future standard clinical tool.
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7
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do Nascimento RM, Ramos AP, Ciancaglini P, Hernandes AC. Blood droplets on functionalized surfaces: Chemical, roughness and superhydrophobic effects. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Bader CA, Carter EA, Safitri A, Simpson PV, Wright P, Stagni S, Massi M, Lay PA, Brooks DA, Plush SE. Unprecedented staining of polar lipids by a luminescent rhenium complex revealed by FTIR microspectroscopy in adipocytes. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:2064-8. [PMID: 27170554 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00242k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy and confocal imaging have been used to demonstrate that the neutral rhenium(i) tricarbonyl 1,10-phenanthroline complex bound to 4-cyanophenyltetrazolate as the ancillary ligand is able to localise in regions with high concentrations of polar lipids such as phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), sphingomyelin, sphingosphine and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in mammalian adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Bader
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences/Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - E A Carter
- Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility and School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Safitri
- Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility and School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - P V Simpson
- School of Chemistry, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - P Wright
- School of Chemistry, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - S Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Massi
- School of Chemistry, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - P A Lay
- Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility and School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - D A Brooks
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences/Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - S E Plush
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences/Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
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9
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Imaging and lipidomics methods for lipid analysis in metabolic and cardiovascular disease. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2017; 8:566-574. [PMID: 28697812 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174417000496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases exhibit changes in lipid biology, which is important as lipids have critical roles in membrane architecture, signalling, hormone synthesis, homoeostasis and metabolism. However, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease studies of cardiometabolic disease rarely include analysis of lipids. This short review highlights some examples of lipid pathology and then explores the technology available for analysing lipids, focussing on the need to develop imaging modalities for intracellular lipids. Analytical methods for studying interactions between the complex endocrine and intracellular signalling pathways that regulate lipid metabolism have been critical in expanding our understanding of how cardiometabolic diseases develop in association with obesity and dietary factors. Biochemical methods can be used to generate detailed lipid profiles to establish links between lifestyle factors and metabolic signalling pathways and determine how changes in specific lipid subtypes in plasma and homogenized tissue are associated with disease progression. New imaging modalities enable the specific visualization of intracellular lipid traffic and distribution in situ. These techniques provide a dynamic picture of the interactions between lipid storage, mobilization and signalling, which operate during normal cell function and are altered in many important diseases. The development of methods for imaging intracellular lipids can provide a dynamic real-time picture of how lipids are involved in complex signalling and other cell biology pathways; and how they ultimately regulate metabolic function/homoeostasis during early development. Some imaging modalities have the potential to be adapted for in vivo applications, and may enable the direct visualization of progression of pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disease after poor growth in early life.
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10
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Lee J, Wen B, Carter EA, Combes V, Grau GER, Lay PA. Infrared spectroscopic characterization of monocytic microvesicles (microparticles) released upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation. FASEB J 2017; 31:2817-2827. [PMID: 28314769 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601272r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microvesicles (MVs) are involved in cell-cell interactions, including disease pathogenesis. Nondestructive Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra from MVs were assessed as a technique to provide new biochemical insights into a LPS-induced monocyte model of septic shock. FTIR spectroscopy provided a quick method to investigate relative differences in biomolecular content of different MV populations that was complementary to traditional semiquantitative omics approaches, with which it is difficult to provide information on relative changes between classes (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates) or protein conformations. Time-dependent changes were detected in biomolecular contents of MVs and in the monocytes from which they were released. Differences in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine contents were observed in MVs released under stimulation, and higher relative concentrations of RNA and α-helical structured proteins were present in stimulated MVs compared with MVs from resting cells. FTIR spectra of stimulated monocytes displayed changes that were consistent with those observed in the corresponding MVs they released. LPS-stimulated monocytes had reduced concentrations of nucleic acids, α-helical structured proteins, and phosphatidylcholine compared with resting monocytes but had an increase in total lipids. FTIR spectra of MV biomolecular content will be important in shedding new light on the mechanisms of MVs and the different roles they play in physiology and disease pathogenesis.-Lee, J., Wen, B., Carter, E. A., Combes, V., Grau, G. E. R., Lay, P. A. Infrared spectroscopic characterization of monocytic microvesicles (microparticles) released upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonsup Lee
- School of Chemistry and Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Beryl Wen
- Vascular Immunopathology Unit, Bosch Institute-School of Medical Sciences, and
| | - Elizabeth A Carter
- School of Chemistry and Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Valery Combes
- Vascular Immunopathology Unit, Bosch Institute-School of Medical Sciences, and.,Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georges E R Grau
- Vascular Immunopathology Unit, Bosch Institute-School of Medical Sciences, and.,Australian Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology (AINST), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter A Lay
- School of Chemistry and Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; .,Australian Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology (AINST), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Bunaciu AA, Hoang VD, Aboul-Enein HY. Vibrational Micro-Spectroscopy of Human Tissues Analysis: Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2016; 47:194-203. [PMID: 27786540 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2016.1253454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopy (Infrared (IR) and Raman) and, in particular, micro-spectroscopy and micro-spectroscopic imaging have been used to characterize developmental changes in tissues, to monitor these changes in cell cultures and to detect disease and drug-induced modifications. The conventional methods for biochemical and histophatological tissue characterization necessitate complex and "time-consuming" sample manipulations and the results are rarely quantifiable. The spectroscopy of molecular vibrations using mid-IR or Raman techniques has been applied to samples of human tissue. This article reviews the application of these vibrational spectroscopic techniques for analysis of biological tissue published between 2005 and 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei A Bunaciu
- a SCIENT-Research Center for Instrumental Analysis , Tancabesti-Snagov , Romania
| | - Vu Dang Hoang
- b Department of Analytical Chemistry and Toxicology , Hanoi University of Pharmacy , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- c Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department , Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division , Egypt
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12
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Oliver KV, Vilasi A, Maréchal A, Moochhala SH, Unwin RJ, Rich PR. Infrared vibrational spectroscopy: a rapid and novel diagnostic and monitoring tool for cystinuria. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34737. [PMID: 27721432 PMCID: PMC5056377 DOI: 10.1038/srep34737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystinuria is the commonest inherited cause of nephrolithiasis (~1% in adults; ~6% in children) and is the result of impaired cystine reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule. Cystine is poorly soluble in urine with a solubility of ~1 mM and can readily form microcrystals that lead to cystine stone formation, especially at low urine pH. Diagnosis of cystinuria is made typically by ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) detection and quantitation, which is slow, laboursome and costly. More rapid and frequent monitoring of urinary cystine concentration would significantly improve the diagnosis and clinical management of cystinuria. We used attenuated total reflection - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) to detect and quantitate insoluble cystine in 22 cystinuric and 5 healthy control urine samples. Creatinine concentration was also determined by ATR-FTIR to adjust for urinary concentration/dilution. Urine was centrifuged, the insoluble fraction re-suspended in 5 μL water and dried on the ATR prism. Cystine was quantitated using its 1296 cm−1 absorption band and levels matched with parallel measurements made using IEC. ATR-FTIR afforded a rapid and inexpensive method of detecting and quantitating insoluble urinary cystine. This proof-of-concept study provides a basis for developing a high-throughput, cost-effective diagnostic method for cystinuria, and for point-of-care clinical monitoring
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine V Oliver
- Glynn Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa Vilasi
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Amandine Maréchal
- Glynn Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Shabbir H Moochhala
- UCL Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Unwin
- UCL Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | - Peter R Rich
- Glynn Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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13
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A decade (2004 – 2014) of FTIR prostate cancer spectroscopy studies: An overview of recent advancements. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Bader CA, Shandala T, Carter EA, Ivask A, Guinan T, Hickey SM, Werrett MV, Wright PJ, Simpson PV, Stagni S, Voelcker NH, Lay PA, Massi M, Plush SE, Brooks DA. A Molecular Probe for the Detection of Polar Lipids in Live Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161557. [PMID: 27551717 PMCID: PMC4994960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids have an important role in many aspects of cell biology, including membrane architecture/compartment formation, intracellular traffic, signalling, hormone regulation, inflammation, energy storage and metabolism. Lipid biology is therefore integrally involved in major human diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity, heart disease, immune disorders and cancers, which commonly display altered lipid transport and metabolism. However, the investigation of these important cellular processes has been limited by the availability of specific tools to visualise lipids in live cells. Here we describe the potential for ReZolve-L1™ to localise to intracellular compartments containing polar lipids, such as for example sphingomyelin and phosphatidylethanolamine. In live Drosophila fat body tissue from third instar larvae, ReZolve-L1™ interacted mainly with lipid droplets, including the core region of these organelles. The presence of polar lipids in the core of these lipid droplets was confirmed by Raman mapping and while this was consistent with the distribution of ReZolve-L1™ it did not exclude that the molecular probe might be detecting other lipid species. In response to complete starvation conditions, ReZolve-L1™ was detected mainly in Atg8-GFP autophagic compartments, and showed reduced staining in the lipid droplets of fat body cells. The induction of autophagy by Tor inhibition also increased ReZolve-L1™ detection in autophagic compartments, whereas Atg9 knock down impaired autophagosome formation and altered the distribution of ReZolve-L1™. Finally, during Drosophila metamorphosis fat body tissues showed increased ReZolve-L1™ staining in autophagic compartments at two hours post puparium formation, when compared to earlier developmental time points. We concluded that ReZolve-L1™ is a new live cell imaging tool, which can be used as an imaging reagent for the detection of polar lipids in different intracellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie A. Bader
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tetyana Shandala
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A. Carter
- Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angela Ivask
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
| | - Taryn Guinan
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
| | - Shane M. Hickey
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Melissa V. Werrett
- Department of Chemistry and Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Phillip J. Wright
- Department of Chemistry and Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter V. Simpson
- Department of Chemistry and Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter A. Lay
- Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- Department of Chemistry and Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sally E. Plush
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Douglas A. Brooks
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
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15
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Kimber JA, Foreman L, Turner B, Rich P, Kazarian SG. FTIR spectroscopic imaging and mapping with correcting lenses for studies of biological cells and tissues. Faraday Discuss 2016; 187:69-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00158g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Histopathology of tissue samples is used to determine the progression of cancer usually by staining and visual analysis. It is recognised that disease progression from healthy tissue to cancerous is accompanied by spectral signature changes in the mid-infrared range. In this work, FTIR spectroscopic imaging in transmission mode using a focal plane array (96 × 96 pixels) has been applied to the characterisation of Barrett's oesophageal adenocarcinoma. To correct optical aberrations, infrared transparent lenses were used of the same material (CaF2) as the slide on which biopsies were fixed. The lenses acted as an immersion objective, reducing scattering and improving spatial resolution. A novel mapping approach using a sliding lens is presented where spectral images obtained with added lenses are stitched together such that the dataset contained a representative section of the oesophageal tissue. Images were also acquired in transmission mode using high-magnification optics for enhanced spatial resolution, as well as with a germanium micro-ATR objective. The reduction of scattering was assessed using k-means clustering. The same tissue section map, which contained a region of high grade dysplasia, was analysed using hierarchical clustering analysis. A reduction of the trough at 1077 cm−1 in the second derivative spectra was identified as an indicator of high grade dysplasia. In addition, the spatial resolution obtained with the lens using high-magnification optics was assessed by measurements of a sharp interface of polymer laminate, which was also compared with that achieved with micro ATR-FTIR imaging. In transmission mode using the lens, it was determined to be 8.5 μm and using micro-ATR imaging, the resolution was 3 μm for the band at a wavelength of ca. 3 μm. The spatial resolution was also assessed with and without the added lens, in normal and high-magnification modes using a USAF target. Spectroscopic images of cells in transmission mode using two lenses are also presented, which are necessary for correcting chromatic aberration and refraction in both the condenser and objective. The use of lenses is shown to be necessary for obtaining high-quality spectroscopic images of cells in transmission mode and proves the applicability of the pseudo hemisphere approach for this and other microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Kimber
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Liberty Foreman
- The Glynn Laboratory of Bioenergetics
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology
- University College London
- London
- UK
| | - Benjamin Turner
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Peter Rich
- The Glynn Laboratory of Bioenergetics
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology
- University College London
- London
- UK
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16
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Bunaciu AA, Fleschin Ş, Aboul-Enein HY. Biomedical investigations using Fourier transform-infrared microspectroscopy. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 44:270-6. [PMID: 25391565 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2013.829389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
One of the most exciting recent developments in infrared spectroscopy has been the coupling of the spectrometer to an infrared microscope. The combination of the new infrared spectrometer and a microscope was a natural thought of scientists in these fields. This development has been so rewarding and so useful in solving today's chemical problems that infrared microspectroscopy has quickly become a significant subclassification of infrared spectroscopy. Infrared microspectroscopy has a much longer history than the recent enthusiasm would imply, however. The great interest in the use of infrared spectroscopy to solve biomedical problems that occurred in recent years shortly spread into the medical and biological fields. The aim of this review is to discuss the new developments in applications of FT-IR microspectroscopy in biomedical analysis, covering the period between 2008 and 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei A Bunaciu
- a SCIENT - Research Center for Instrumental Analysis (S.C. CROMATEC_PLUS S.R.L.) , Bucharest , Romania
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17
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Raman spectroscopic characterisation of resin-infiltrated hypomineralised enamel. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5661-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8742-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Zohdi V, Whelan DR, Wood BR, Pearson JT, Bambery KR, Black MJ. Importance of tissue preparation methods in FTIR micro-spectroscopical analysis of biological tissues: 'traps for new users'. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116491. [PMID: 25710811 PMCID: PMC4339720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) micro-spectroscopy is an emerging technique for the biochemical analysis of tissues and cellular materials. It provides objective information on the holistic biochemistry of a cell or tissue sample and has been applied in many areas of medical research. However, it has become apparent that how the tissue is handled prior to FTIR micro-spectroscopic imaging requires special consideration, particularly with regards to methods for preservation of the samples. We have performed FTIR micro-spectroscopy on rodent heart and liver tissue sections (two spectroscopically very different biological tissues) that were prepared by desiccation drying, ethanol substitution and formalin fixation and have compared the resulting spectra with that of fully hydrated freshly excised tissues. We have systematically examined the spectra for any biochemical changes to the native state of the tissue caused by the three methods of preparation and have detected changes in infrared (IR) absorption band intensities and peak positions. In particular, the position and profile of the amide I, key in assigning protein secondary structure, changes depending on preparation method and the lipid absorptions lose intensity drastically when these tissues are hydrated with ethanol. Indeed, we demonstrate that preserving samples through desiccation drying, ethanol substitution or formalin fixation significantly alters the biochemical information detected using spectroscopic methods when compared to spectra of fresh hydrated tissue. It is therefore imperative to consider tissue preparative effects when preparing, measuring, and analyzing samples using FTIR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislava Zohdi
- Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Donna R. Whelan
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Bayden R. Wood
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - James T. Pearson
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Keith R. Bambery
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - M. Jane Black
- Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- * E-mail:
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19
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Application of R-mode analysis to Raman maps: a different way of looking at vibrational hyperspectral data. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:1089-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8321-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Saviello D, Pouyet E, Toniolo L, Cotte M, Nevin A. Synchrotron-based FTIR microspectroscopy for the mapping of photo-oxidation and additives in acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene model samples and historical objects. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 843:59-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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21
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Baker MJ, Trevisan J, Bassan P, Bhargava R, Butler HJ, Dorling KM, Fielden PR, Fogarty SW, Fullwood NJ, Heys KA, Hughes C, Lasch P, Martin-Hirsch PL, Obinaju B, Sockalingum GD, Sulé-Suso J, Strong RJ, Walsh MJ, Wood BR, Gardner P, Martin FL. Using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy to analyze biological materials. Nat Protoc 2014; 9:1771-91. [PMID: 24992094 PMCID: PMC4480339 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2014.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 963] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
IR spectroscopy is an excellent method for biological analyses. It enables the nonperturbative, label-free extraction of biochemical information and images toward diagnosis and the assessment of cell functionality. Although not strictly microscopy in the conventional sense, it allows the construction of images of tissue or cell architecture by the passing of spectral data through a variety of computational algorithms. Because such images are constructed from fingerprint spectra, the notion is that they can be an objective reflection of the underlying health status of the analyzed sample. One of the major difficulties in the field has been determining a consensus on spectral pre-processing and data analysis. This manuscript brings together as coauthors some of the leaders in this field to allow the standardization of methods and procedures for adapting a multistage approach to a methodology that can be applied to a variety of cell biological questions or used within a clinical setting for disease screening or diagnosis. We describe a protocol for collecting IR spectra and images from biological samples (e.g., fixed cytology and tissue sections, live cells or biofluids) that assesses the instrumental options available, appropriate sample preparation, different sampling modes as well as important advances in spectral data acquisition. After acquisition, data processing consists of a sequence of steps including quality control, spectral pre-processing, feature extraction and classification of the supervised or unsupervised type. A typical experiment can be completed and analyzed within hours. Example results are presented on the use of IR spectra combined with multivariate data processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Baker
- 1] Centre for Materials Science, Division of Chemistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK. [2] Present address: WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Júlio Trevisan
- 1] Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK. [2] School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Paul Bassan
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Holly J Butler
- Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Konrad M Dorling
- Centre for Materials Science, Division of Chemistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Peter R Fielden
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Simon W Fogarty
- 1] Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK. [2] Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Nigel J Fullwood
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Kelly A Heys
- Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Caryn Hughes
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter Lasch
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy (ZBS 6), Robert-Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierre L Martin-Hirsch
- Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Blessing Obinaju
- Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Ganesh D Sockalingum
- Equipe MéDIAN-Biophotonique et Technologies pour la Santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UnitéMEDyC, CNRS UMR7369, UFR Pharmacie, SFR CAP-Santé FED4231, Reims, France
| | - Josep Sulé-Suso
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Rebecca J Strong
- Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Michael J Walsh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine Research Building (COMRB), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bayden R Wood
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Gardner
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Francis L Martin
- Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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22
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Hackett MJ, Lee J, El-Assaad F, McQuillan JA, Carter EA, Grau GE, Hunt NH, Lay PA. FTIR imaging of brain tissue reveals crystalline creatine deposits are an ex vivo marker of localized ischemia during murine cerebral malaria: general implications for disease neurochemistry. ACS Chem Neurosci 2012; 3:1017-24. [PMID: 23259037 DOI: 10.1021/cn300093g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphocreatine is a major cellular source of high energy phosphates, which is crucial to maintain cell viability under conditions of impaired metabolic states, such as decreased oxygen and energy availability (i.e., ischemia). Many methods exist for the bulk analysis of phosphocreatine and its dephosphorylated product creatine; however, no method exists to image the distribution of creatine or phosphocreatine at the cellular level. In this study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging has revealed the ex vivo development of creatine microdeposits in situ in the brain region most affected by the disease, the cerebellum of cerebral malaria (CM) diseased mice; however, such deposits were also observed at significantly lower levels in the brains of control mice and mice with severe malaria. In addition, the number of deposits was observed to increase in a time-dependent manner during dehydration post tissue cutting. This challenges the hypotheses in recent reports of FTIR spectroscopic imaging where creatine microdeposits found in situ within thin sections from epileptic, Alzheimer's (AD), and amlyoid lateral sclerosis (ALS) diseased brains were proposed to be disease specific markers and/or postulated to contribute to the brain pathogenesis. As such, a detailed investigation was undertaken, which has established that the creatine microdeposits exist as the highly soluble HCl salt or zwitterion and are an ex-vivo tissue processing artifact and, hence, have no effect on disease pathogenesis. They occur as a result of creatine crystallization during dehydration (i.e., air-drying) of thin sections of brain tissue. As ischemia and decreased aerobic (oxidative metabolism) are common to many brain disorders, regions of elevated creatine-to-phosphocreatine ratio are likely to promote crystal formation during tissue dehydration (due to the lower water solubility of creatine relative to phosphocreatine). The results of this study have demonstrated that although the deposits do not occur in vivo, and do not directly play any role in disease pathogenesis, increased levels of creatine deposits within air-dried tissue sections serve as a highly valuable marker for the identification of tissue regions with an altered metabolic status. In this study, the location of crystalline creatine deposits were used to identify whether an altered metabolic state exists within the molecular and granular layers of the cerebellum during CM, which complements the recent discovery of decreased oxygen availability in the brain during this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hackett
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Joonsup Lee
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter A. Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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23
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Abstract
Infrared (IR) spectroscopic imaging seemingly matured as a technology in the mid-2000s, with commercially successful instrumentation and reports in numerous applications. Recent developments, however, have transformed our understanding of the recorded data, provided capability for new instrumentation, and greatly enhanced the ability to extract more useful information in less time. These developments are summarized here in three broad areas--data recording, interpretation of recorded data, and information extraction--and their critical review is employed to project emerging trends. Overall, the convergence of selected components from hardware, theory, algorithms, and applications is one trend. Instead of similar, general-purpose instrumentation, another trend is likely to be diverse and application-targeted designs of instrumentation driven by emerging component technologies. The recent renaissance in both fundamental science and instrumentation will likely spur investigations at the confluence of conventional spectroscopic analyses and optical physics for improved data interpretation. While chemometrics has dominated data processing, a trend will likely lie in the development of signal processing algorithms to optimally extract spectral and spatial information prior to conventional chemometric analyses. Finally, the sum of these recent advances is likely to provide unprecedented capability in measurement and scientific insight, which will present new opportunities for the applied spectroscopist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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24
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Zhang JZ, Bryce NS, Siegele R, Carter EA, Paterson D, de Jonge MD, Howard DL, Ryan CG, Hambley TW. The use of spectroscopic imaging and mapping techniques in the characterisation and study of DLD-1 cell spheroid tumour models. Integr Biol (Camb) 2012; 4:1072-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ib20121f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Z. Zhang
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. Fax: +61-2-9351-3329; Tel: +61-2-9351-3320
| | - Nicole S. Bryce
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. Fax: +61-2-9351-3329; Tel: +61-2-9351-3320
| | - Rainer Siegele
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A. Carter
- Vibrational Spectroscopy Facility, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - David Paterson
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Vic, 3168, Australia
| | - Martin D. de Jonge
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Vic, 3168, Australia
| | - Daryl L. Howard
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Vic, 3168, Australia
| | - Chris G. Ryan
- CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering, Australia
| | - Trevor W. Hambley
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. Fax: +61-2-9351-3329; Tel: +61-2-9351-3320
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25
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Biological applications of synchrotron radiation infrared spectromicroscopy. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1390-404. [PMID: 22401782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Extremely brilliant infrared (IR) beams provided by synchrotron radiation sources are now routinely used in many facilities with available commercial spectrometers coupled to IR microscopes. Using these intense non-thermal sources, a brilliance two or three order of magnitude higher than a conventional source is achievable through small pinholes (<10 μm) with a high signal to-noise ratio. IR spectroscopy is a powerful technique to investigate biological systems and offers many new imaging opportunities. The field of infrared biological imaging covers a wide range of fundamental issues and applied researches such as cell imaging or tissue imaging. Molecular maps with a spatial resolution down to the diffraction limit may be now obtained with a synchrotron radiation IR source also on thick samples. Moreover, changes of the protein structure are detectable in an IR spectrum and cellular molecular markers can be identified and used to recognize a pathological status of a tissue. Molecular structure and functions are strongly correlated and this aspect is particularly relevant for imaging. We will show that the brilliance of synchrotron radiation IR sources may enhance the sensitivity of a molecular signal obtained from small biosamples, e.g., a single cell, containing extremely small amounts of organic matter. We will also show that SR IR sources allow to study chemical composition and to identify the distribution of organic molecules in cells at submicron resolution is possible with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Moreover, the recent availability of two-dimensional IR detectors promises to push forward imaging capabilities in the time domain. Indeed, with a high current synchrotron radiation facility and a Focal Plane Array the chemical imaging of individual cells can be obtained in a few minutes. Within this framework important results are expected in the next years using synchrotron radiation and Free Electron Laser (FEL) sources for spectro-microscopy and spectral-imaging, alone or in combination with Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy methods to study the molecular composition and dynamic changes in samples of biomedical interest at micrometric and submicrometric scales, respectively.
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26
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Dillon CT. Synchrotron Radiation Spectroscopic Techniques as Tools for the Medicinal Chemist: Microprobe X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging, X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy, and Infrared Microspectroscopy. Aust J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/ch11287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review updates the recent advances and applications of three prominent synchrotron radiation techniques, microprobe X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy/imaging, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and infrared microspectroscopy, and highlights how these tools are useful to the medicinal chemist. A brief description of the principles of the techniques is given with emphasis on the advantages of using synchrotron radiation-based instrumentation rather than instruments using typical laboratory radiation sources. This review focuses on several recent applications of these techniques to solve inorganic medicinal chemistry problems, focusing on studies of cellular uptake, distribution, and biotransformation of established and potential therapeutic agents. The importance of using these synchrotron-based techniques to assist the development of, or validate the chemistry behind, drug design is discussed.
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27
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Didonna A, Vaccari L, Bek A, Legname G. Infrared microspectroscopy: a multiple-screening platform for investigating single-cell biochemical perturbations upon prion infection. ACS Chem Neurosci 2011; 2:160-74. [PMID: 22778865 DOI: 10.1021/cn1000952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of prions in the central nervous system. The pathogenic prion (PrP(Sc)) possesses the capability to convert the host-encoded cellular isoform of the prion protein, PrP(C), into nascent PrP(Sc). The present work aims at providing novel insight into cellular response upon prion infection evidenced by synchrotron radiation infrared microspectroscopy (SR-IRMS). This non-invasive, label-free analytical technique was employed to investigate the biochemical perturbations undergone by prion infected mouse hypothalamic GT1-1 cells at the cellular and subcellular level. A decrement in total cellular protein content upon prion infection was identified by infrared (IR) whole-cell spectra and validated by bicinchoninic acid assay and single-cell volume analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of IR data discriminated between infected and uninfected cells and allowed to deduce an increment of lysosomal bodies within the cytoplasm of infected GT1-1 cells, a hypothesis further confirmed by SR-IRMS at subcellular spatial resolution and fluorescent microscopy. The purpose of this work, therefore, consists of proposing IRMS as a powerful multiscreening platform, drawing on the synergy with conventional biological assays and microscopy techniques in order to increase the accuracy of investigations performed at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Didonna
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Neurobiology Sector, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lisa Vaccari
- ELETTRA Synchrotron Light Laboratory, S.S. 14 Km. 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alpan Bek
- CBM S.c.r.l., Consorzio per il Centro di Biomedicina Molecolare—Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Area Science Park—Basovizza SS 14, Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste (TS), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Legname
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Neurobiology Sector, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy
- ELETTRA Synchrotron Light Laboratory, S.S. 14 Km. 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- CBM S.c.r.l., Consorzio per il Centro di Biomedicina Molecolare—Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Area Science Park—Basovizza SS 14, Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste (TS), Italy
- Italian Institute of Technology, SISSA Unit, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
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28
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Hackett MJ, McQuillan JA, El-Assaad F, Aitken JB, Levina A, Cohen DD, Siegele R, Carter EA, Grau GE, Hunt NH, Lay PA. Chemical alterations to murine brain tissue induced by formalin fixation: implications for biospectroscopic imaging and mapping studies of disease pathogenesis. Analyst 2011; 136:2941-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00269k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Carter EA, Rayner BS, McLeod AI, Wu LE, Marshall CP, Levina A, Aitken JB, Witting PK, Lai B, Cai Z, Vogt S, Lee YC, Chen CI, Tobin MJ, Harris HH, Lay PA. Silicon nitride as a versatile growth substrate for microspectroscopic imaging and mapping of individual cells. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2010; 6:1316-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c001499k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Abstract
Interest in Ru anticancer drugs has been growing rapidly since NAMI-A ((ImH(+))[Ru(III)Cl(4)(Im)(S-dmso)], where Im = imidazole and S-dmso = S-bound dimethylsulfoxide) or KP1019 ((IndH(+))[Ru(III)Cl(4)(Ind)(2)], where Ind = indazole) have successfully completed phase I clinical trials and an array of other Ru complexes have shown promise for future development. Herein, the recent literature is reviewed critically to ascertain likely mechanisms of action of Ru-based anticancer drugs, with the emphasis on their reactions with biological media. The most likely interactions of Ru complexes are with: (i) albumin and transferrin in blood plasma, the former serving as a Ru depot, and the latter possibly providing active transport of Ru into cells; (ii) collagens of the extracellular matrix and actins on the cell surface, which are likely to be involved in the specific anti-metastatic action of Ru complexes; (iii) regulatory enzymes within the cell membrane and/or in the cytoplasm; and (iv) DNA in the cell nucleus. Some types of Ru complexes can also promote the intracellular formation of free radical species, either through irradiation (photodynamic therapy), or through reactions with cellular reductants. The metabolic pathways involve competition among reduction, aquation, and hydrolysis in the extracellular medium; binding to transport proteins, the extracellular matrix, and cell-surface biomolecules; and diffusion into cells; with the extent to which individual drugs participate in various steps along these pathways being crucial factors in determining whether they are mainly anti-metastatic or cytotoxic. This diversity of modes of action of Ru anticancer drugs is also likely to enhance their anticancer activities and to reduce the potential for them to develop tumour resistance. New approaches to metabolic studies, such as X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence microscopy, are required to provide further mechanistic insights, which could lead to the rational design of improved Ru anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Levina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
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