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Olbrich K, Setkowicz Z, Kawon K, Czyzycki M, Janik-Olchawa N, Carlomagno I, Aquilanti G, Chwiej J. Vibrational spectroscopy methods for investigation of the animal models of glioblastoma multiforme. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 303:123230. [PMID: 37586277 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary brain tumor among adults. It is highly lethal disease, as only 25% of patients survive longer than 1 year and only 5% more than 5 years from the diagnosis. To search for the new, more effective methods of treatment, the understanding of mechanisms underlying the process of tumorigenesis is needed. The new light on this problem may be shed by the analysis of biochemical anomalies of tissues affected by tumor growth. Therefore, in the present work, we applied the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman microspectroscopy to evaluate changes in the distribution and structure of biomolecules appearing in the rat brain as a result of glioblastoma development. In turn, synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy was utilized to determine the elemental anomalies appearing in the nervous tissue. To achieve the assumed goals of the study animal models of GBM were used. The rats were subjected to the intracranial implantation of glioma cells with different degree of invasiveness. For spectroscopic investigation brain slices taken from the area of cancer cells administration were used. The obtained results revealed, among others, the decrease content of lipids and compounds containing carbonyl groups, compositional and structural changes of proteins as well as abnormalities in the distribution of low atomic number elements within the region of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Olbrich
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kawon
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Czyzycki
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Natalia Janik-Olchawa
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | - Joanna Chwiej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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2
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Lakshmi BA, Kim YJ. Modernistic and Emerging Developments of Nanotechnology in Glioblastoma-Targeted Theranostic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031641. [PMID: 35163563 PMCID: PMC8836088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors such as glioblastoma are typically associated with an unstoppable cell proliferation with aggressive infiltration behavior and a shortened life span. Though treatment options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are available in combating glioblastoma, satisfactory therapeutics are still not available due to the high impermeability of the blood–brain barrier. To address these concerns, recently, multifarious theranostics based on nanotechnology have been developed, which can deal with diagnosis and therapy together. The multifunctional nanomaterials find a strategic path against glioblastoma by adjoining novel thermal and magnetic therapy approaches. Their convenient combination of specific features such as real-time tracking, in-depth tissue penetration, drug-loading capacity, and contrasting performance is of great demand in the clinical investigation of glioblastoma. The potential benefits of nanomaterials including specificity, surface tunability, biodegradability, non-toxicity, ligand functionalization, and near-infrared (NIR) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging are sufficient in developing effective theranostics. This review discusses the recent developments in nanotechnology toward the diagnosis, drug delivery, and therapy regarding glioblastoma.
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Sarbu M, Petrica L, Clemmer DE, Vukelić Ž, Zamfir AD. Gangliosides of Human Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Comprehensive Mapping and Structural Analysis by Ion Mobility Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:1249-1257. [PMID: 33900081 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a malignant, highly aggressive, grade IV brain tumor, which rapidly infiltrates into the nearby tissue, has drawn a significant amount of attention because of its poor prognosis and the limited treatment options available. In GBM, nearly all tumor cells exhibit aberrant cell-surface glycosylation patterns due to the alteration of their biosynthesis or postsynthesis modification process. Since gangliosides (GGs) are acknowledged as tumor-associated antigens, we have carried out here a comprehensive profiling of native ganglioside mixtures extracted and purified from GBM specimens. For this purpose, high performance ion mobility separation mass spectrometry (IMS MS) was thoroughly optimized to allow the discovery of GBM-specific structures and the assessment of their roles as tumor markers or possible associated antigens. GG separation by IMS according to the charge state, carbohydrate chain length, degree of sialylation, and ceramide composition led to the identification of no less than 160 distinct components, which represents 3-fold the number of structures identified before. The detected GGs and asialo-GGs were found characterized by a high heterogeneity in their ceramide and glycan compositions, encompassing up five Neu5Ac residues. The tumor was found dominated in equal and high proportions by GD3 and GT1 forms, with a particular incidence of C24:1 fatty acids in the ceramide. By the occurrence of only one mobility feature and the diagnostic fragment ions, the IMS tandem MS conducted using collision-induced dissociation (CID) disclosed for the first time the presence of GT1c(d18:1/24:1) newly proposed here as a potential GBM marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Sarbu
- Department of Condensed Matter, National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224, Timisoara, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, West University of Timisoara, 300223, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ligia Petrica
- Department of Internal Medicine II - Division of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara and Centers for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Diseases, Translational Research and Systems and Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - David E Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, The College of Arts and Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Željka Vukelić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Alina D Zamfir
- Department of Condensed Matter, National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Technical and Natural Sciences, "Aurel Vlaicu" University of Arad, 310130, Arad, Romania
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Kowalska AA, Berus S, Szleszkowski Ł, Kamińska A, Kmiecik A, Ratajczak-Wielgomas K, Jurek T, Zadka Ł. Brain tumour homogenates analysed by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: Discrimination among healthy and cancer cells. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 231:117769. [PMID: 31787534 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenge for modern medicine is to make a discrimination among healthy and cancerous tissues. Therefore, nowadays big effort of scientist are devoted to find a new way for as fast as possible diagnosis with as much as possible accuracy in distinguishing healthy from cancerous tissues. That issues are probably the most important in the case of brain tumours, when the diagnosis time plays a great role. Herein we present the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) together with the principal component analysis (PCA) used to identify the spectra of different brain specimens, healthy and tumour tissues homogenates. The presented analyses include three sets of brain tissues as control samples taken from healthy objects (one set consists of samples from four brain lobes and both hemispheres; eight samples) and the brain tumours from five patients (two Anaplastic Astrocytoma and three Glioblastoma samples). Results prove that tumour brain samples can be discriminated well from the healthy tissues by using only three main principal components, with 96% of accuracy. The largest influence onto the calculated separation is attributed to the spectral regions corresponding in SERS spectra to vibrations of the L-Tryptophan (1450, 1278 cm-1), protein (1300 cm-1), phenylalanine and Amide-I (1005, 1654 cm-1). Therefore, the presented method may open the way for the probable application as a very fast diagnosis tool alternative for conventionally used histopathology or even more as an intraoperative diagnostic tool during brain tumour surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Aniela Kowalska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Berus
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Szleszkowski
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Medicine Unit, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 4, 50-386 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kamińska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Kmiecik
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Histology and Embryology Division, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ratajczak-Wielgomas
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Histology and Embryology Division, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jurek
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Medicine Unit, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 4, 50-386 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Zadka
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Histology and Embryology Division, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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Depciuch J, Tołpa B, Witek P, Szmuc K, Kaznowska E, Osuchowski M, Król P, Cebulski J. Raman and FTIR spectroscopy in determining the chemical changes in healthy brain tissues and glioblastoma tumor tissues. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 225:117526. [PMID: 31655362 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, also called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is a particularly malignant form of primary brain tumor. This cancer accounts for 12-15% of all brain tumors. Despite the advances in neurosurgery, radio and chemotherapy the average survival rate is only 12.1-16.6 months. This is due not only to the late diagnosis of the disease, but also to ineffective treatment methods which result from the still low knowledge about the causes of glioblastoma development. Therefore, it is very important to look for new diagnostic methods of detection of the smallest features of cancer. Raman and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) can be such methods. In this paper we discuss the chemical composition of sample glioblastoma brain tissues and marginal brain tissues using these two spectroscopy methods. Raman and FTIR spectra of cancer brain tissues showed that the highest differences in the chemical composition, compared to the control brain tissue, occur in the areas corresponding to lipids, collagen and proteins. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy also showed significant changes in the cancer tissues in the phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. Interestingly, FTIR spectra after Kramers-Kronig transformations showed signals only for three peaks which corresponded to the vibrations of lipid function groups. Adjustment of the Lorenz function for these three peaks showed that only in the case of cancerous tissues the number of matching lines is different, compared to the control and marginal tissues. Therefore, we assume that lipids could be a spectroscopic marker for brain tumor. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) showed that chemical changes seen between cancer and control tissues are significant and it is possible to differentiate the infected tissue from the healthy one. Interestingly, the PCA analysis also showed that adjacent brain tissues have different chemical composition than the control tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Depciuch
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland.
| | - B Tołpa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Hospital Nr 2 in Rzeszow, Lwowska 60, 35-309, Poland
| | - P Witek
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Centre of Innovation and Transfer of Natural Sciences and Engineering Knowledge, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - K Szmuc
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Centre of Innovation and Transfer of Natural Sciences and Engineering Knowledge, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - E Kaznowska
- Department of Patomorphology, Chair of Morphological Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Poland
| | - M Osuchowski
- Department of Patomorphology, Chair of Morphological Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Poland
| | - P Król
- Department of Physical Education, University of Rzeszow, Towarnickiego 3, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - J Cebulski
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Centre of Innovation and Transfer of Natural Sciences and Engineering Knowledge, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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Basu SS, McMinn MH, Giménez-Cassina Lopéz B, Regan MS, Randall EC, Clark AR, Cox CR, Agar NYR. Metal Oxide Laser Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MOLI MSI) Using Cerium(IV) Oxide. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6800-6807. [PMID: 31025851 PMCID: PMC6826256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) is a powerful technique for spatially resolved metabolomics. A variation on MALDI, termed metal oxide laser ionization (MOLI), capitalizes on the unique property of cerium(IV) oxide (CeO2) to induce laser-catalyzed fatty acyl cleavage from lipids and has been utilized for bacterial identification. In this study, we present the development and utilization of CeO2 as an MSI catalyst. The method was developed using a MALDI TOF instrument in negative ion mode, equipped with a high frequency laser. Instrument parameters for MOLI MS fatty acid catalysis with CeO2 were optimized with phospholipid standards and fatty acid catalysis was confirmed using lipid extracts from reference bacterial strains, and sample preparation was optimized using mouse brain tissue. MOLI MSI was applied to the imaging of normal mouse brain revealing differentiable fatty acyl pools in myelinated and nonmyelinated regions. Similarly, MOLI MSI showed distinct fatty acyl composition in tumor regions of a patient derived xenograft mouse model of glioblastoma. To assess the potential of MOLI MSI to detect pathogens directly from tissue, a pseudoinfection model was prepared by spotting Escherichia coli lipid extracts on mouse brain tissue sections and imaged by MOLI MSI. The spotted regions were molecularly resolved from the supporting mouse brain tissue by the diagnostic odd-chained fatty acids and reflected control bacterial MOLI MS signatures. We describe MOLI MSI for the first time and highlight its potential for spatially resolved fatty acyl analysis, characterization of fatty acyl composition in tumors, and its potential for pathogen detection directly from tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankha S. Basu
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Madison H. McMinn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University Carbondale
- Harvard-Amgen Scholar, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Michael S. Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Amanda R. Clark
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Nathalie Y. R. Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
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7
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Albatany M, Meakin S, Bartha R. The Monocarboxylate transporter inhibitor Quercetin induces intracellular acidification in a mouse model of Glioblastoma Multiforme: in-vivo detection using magnetic resonance imaging. Invest New Drugs 2018; 37:595-601. [PMID: 30101388 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0644-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The response of tumor intracellular pH to a pharmacological challenge could help identify aggressive cancer. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is an MRI contrast mechanism that is dependent on intracellular pH (pHi). pHi is important in the maintenance of normal cell function and is normally maintained within a narrow range by the activity of transporters located at the plasma membrane. In cancer, changes in pHi have been correlated with both cell proliferation and cell death. Quercetin is a bioflavonoid and monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) inhibitor. Since MCTs plays a significant role in maintaining pH balance in the tumor microenvironment, we hypothesized that systemically administered quercetin could selectively acidify brain tumors. The goals of the current study were to determine whether CEST MRI measurements sensitive to tumor pH could detect acidification after quercetin injection and to measure the magnitude of the pH change (ΔpH). Using a 9.4 T MRI, amine and amide concentration independent detection (AACID) CEST spectra were acquired in six mice approximately 15 ± 1 days after implanting 105 U87 human glioblastoma multiforme cells in the brain, before and after administration of quercetin (dose: 200 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection. Three additional mice were studied as controls and received only vehicle dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) injection. Repeated measures t-test was used to compare AACID changes in tumor and contralateral tissue regions of interest. Two hours after quercetin injection there was a significant increase in tumor AACID by 0.07 ± 0.03 corresponding to a 0.27 decrease in pHi, and no change in AACID in contralateral tissue. There was also a small average increase in AACID in tumors within the three mice injected with DMSO only. The use of the natural compound quercetin in combination with pH weighted MRI represents a unique approach to cancer detection that does not require injection of an imaging contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Albatany
- Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping, Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Susan Meakin
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Robert Bartha
- Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping, Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.
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Lima EDO, Guerreiro TM, Melo CFOR, de Oliveira DN, Machado D, Lancelloti M, Catharino RR. MALDI imaging detects endogenous digoxin in glioblastoma cells infected by Zika virus-Would it be the oncolytic key? J Mass Spectrom 2018; 53:257-263. [PMID: 29285820 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Estela de O Lima
- Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiane M Guerreiro
- Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando O R Melo
- Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Diogo N de Oliveira
- Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Daisy Machado
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lancelloti
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Catharino
- Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Lee K, Fraser K, Ghaddar B, Yang K, Kim E, Balaj L, Chiocca EA, Breakefield XO, Lee H, Weissleder R. Multiplexed Profiling of Single Extracellular Vesicles. ACS Nano 2018; 12:494-503. [PMID: 29286635 PMCID: PMC5898240 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are a family of cell-originating, membrane-enveloped nanoparticles with diverse biological function, diagnostic potential, and therapeutic applications. While EV can be abundant in circulation, their small size (∼4 order of magnitude smaller than cells) has necessitated bulk analyses, making many more nuanced biological explorations, cell of origin questions, or heterogeneity investigations impossible. Here we describe a single EV analysis (SEA) technique which is simple, sensitive, multiplexable, and practical. We profiled glioblastoma EV and discovered surprising variations in putative pan-EV as well as tumor cell markers on EV. These analyses shed light on the heterogeneous biomarker profiles of EV. The SEA technology has the potential to address fundamental questions in vesicle biology and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungheon Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Kyle Fraser
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Bassel Ghaddar
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Katy Yang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Eunha Kim
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Leonora Balaj
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - E. Antonio Chiocca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xandra O. Breakefield
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Corresponding Authors. .
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Corresponding Authors. .
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10
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Richard S, Boucher M, Lalatonne Y, Mériaux S, Motte L. Iron oxide nanoparticle surface decorated with cRGD peptides for magnetic resonance imaging of brain tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:1515-1520. [PMID: 28017683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this article, a specific targeting Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) nanoplatform, composed by iron oxide nanoparticle (NP) with cRGD peptides as targeting agent onto NP surface, is explored for the diagnosis of brain tumors by MRI using intracranial U87MG mice xenograft tumor. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Recent Advances in Bionanomaterials" Guest Editor: Dr. Marie-Louise Saboungi and Dr. Samuel D. Bader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Richard
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Marianne Boucher
- Unité d'Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique et de Spectroscopie, CEA/DRF/I2BM/NeuroSpin, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yoann Lalatonne
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Avicenne Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, F-93009 Bobigny, France; Inserm, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, UFR SMBH, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Sébastien Mériaux
- Unité d'Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique et de Spectroscopie, CEA/DRF/I2BM/NeuroSpin, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurence Motte
- Inserm, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, UFR SMBH, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France.
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11
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Kim JH, Suh JY, Woo DC, Sung YS, Son WC, Choi YS, Pae SJ, Kim JK. Difference in the intratumoral distributions of extracellular-fluid and intravascular MR contrast agents in glioblastoma growth. NMR Biomed 2016; 29:1688-1699. [PMID: 27723161 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Contrast enhancement by an extracellular-fluid contrast agent (CA) (Gd-DOTA) depends primarily on the blood-brain-barrier permeability (bp), and transverse-relaxation change caused by intravascular T2 CA (superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, SPIONs) is closely associated with the blood volume (BV). Pharmacokinetic (PK) vascular characterization based on single-CA-using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) has shown significant measurement variation according to the molecular size of the CA. Based on this recognition, this study used a dual injection of Gd-DOTA and SPIONs for tracing the changes of bp and BV in C6 glioma growth (Days 1 and 7 after the tumor volume reached 2 mL). bp was quantified according to the non-PK parameters of Gd-DOTA-using DCE-MRI (wash-in rate, maximum enhancement ratio and initial area under the enhancement curve (IAUC)). BV was estimated by SPION-induced ΔR2 * and ΔR2 . With validated measurement reliability of all the parameters (coefficients of variation ≤10%), dual-contrast MRI demonstrated a different region-oriented distribution between Gd-DOTA and SPIONs within a tumor as follows: (a) the BV increased stepwise from the tumor center to the periphery; (b) the tumor periphery maintained the augmented BV to support continuous tumor expansion from Day 1 to Day 7; (c) the internal tumor area underwent significant vascular shrinkage (i.e. decreased ΔR2 and ΔR2 ) as the tumor increased in size; (d) the tumor center showed greater bp-indicating parameters, i.e. wash-in rate, maximum enhancement ratio and IAUC, than the periphery on both Days 1 and 7 and (e) the tumor center showed a greater increase of bp than the tumor periphery in tumor growth, as suggested to support tumor viability when there is insufficient blood supply. In the MRI-histologic correlation, a prominent BV increase in the tumor periphery seen in MRI was verified with increased fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran signals and up-regulated immunoreactivity of CD31-VEGFR. In conclusion, the spatiotemporal alterations of BV and bp in glioblastoma growth, i.e. augmented BV in the tumor periphery and increased bp in the center, can be sufficiently evaluated by MRI with dual injection of extracellular-fluid Gd chelates and intravascular SPION.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Bioimaging Infrastructure, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Suh
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Bioimaging Infrastructure, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Bioimaging of New Drug Development, Asan Institute for life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Cheol Woo
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Bioimaging Infrastructure, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Bioimaging of New Drug Development, Asan Institute for life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Sub Sung
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Bioimaging Infrastructure, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Bioimaging of New Drug Development, Asan Institute for life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Chan Son
- Center for Bioimaging of New Drug Development, Asan Institute for life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Choi
- Center for Bioimaging of New Drug Development, Asan Institute for life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Joon Pae
- Department of Surgery, National Health Insurance Service, Ilsan, South Korea
| | - Jeong Kon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Bioimaging Infrastructure, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Bioimaging of New Drug Development, Asan Institute for life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant astrocytic neoplasm and the most common brain neoplasm of humans. Spontaneous neoplasms of the brain are rare in nonhuman primates. This report describes three glioblastomas in adult captive-reared baboons. The animals exhibited a range of clinical signs, including depression, weight loss, weakness, and blindness. All three neoplasms were located in the cerebrum, with extension into the pons in one case. Histologically, the tumors were similar and were characterized by cellular pleomorphism, multinucleated cells, areas of necrosis, microvascular proliferation (glomeruloid bodies), and palisading of neoplastic cells around blood vessels and areas of necrosis. Two baboons exhibited gemistocytic differentiation, and in one baboon, the neoplastic cells were predominantly spindle shaped with a fascicular growth pattern. Immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein, vimentin, and S-100 protein was positive, whereas immunostaining for synaptophysin and chromogranin A was negative. Positive staining for the cell proliferation marker Ki67 ranged from 8.2% to 13.9%. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dVTPnick end labeling (TUNEL) staining ranged from 1.8% to 5.7%. These baboon glioblastomas share many features with those of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Porter
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA
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13
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Abstract
Epidemiological data on central nervous system disorders call for a focus on the major hindrance to brain drug delivery, blood-central nervous system barriers. Otherwise, there is little chance of improving the short-term survival of patients with diseases such as glioblastoma multiforme, which is one of the brain disorders associated with many years of life lost. Targetable nanocarriers for treating malignant gliomas are a unique way to overcome low chemotherapeutic levels at target sites devoid of systemic toxicity. This review describes the currently available targetable nanocarriers, focusing particularly on one of the newest nanocarriers, lipid nanocapsules. All of the strategies that are likely to be exploited by lipid nanocapsules to bypass blood-central nervous system barriers, including the most recent targeting approaches (mesenchymal cells), and novel administration routes (convection enhanced delivery) are discussed, together with their most remarkable achievements in glioma-implanted animal models. Although these systems are promising, much research remains to be done in this field.
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14
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Tang C, Guo J, Chen H, Yao CJ, Zhuang DX, Wang Y, Tang WJ, Ren G, Yao Y, Wu JS, Mao Y, Zhou LF. Gene mutation profiling of primary glioblastoma through multiple tumor biopsy guided by 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:5327-5335. [PMID: 26191234 PMCID: PMC4503105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic mutation has served as the biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, intra-tumor heterogeneity may interfere with personalized treatment strategies based on mutation analysis. This study aimed to characterize somatic mutation profiling of GBM. We collected 33 samples from 7 patients with the primary GBM associated with different Choline (Cho) to N-acetylaspartate (NAA) index (CNI) through the frameless proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) guided biopsies and investigated multiple somatic mutations profiling using the AmpliSeq cancer hotspot panel V2. We identified 53 missense or nonsense mutations in 27 genes including some novel mutations such as APC and IDH2. The mutations in EGFR, TP53, PTEN, PIK3CA genes were presented with different frequency and the majority of the mutated gene was only shared by 1-2 samples from one patient. Moreover, we found the association of CNI with histological grade, but there was no significant change of CNI in the presence of TP53, EGFR and PTEN mutations. These data suggest that gene mutations constitute a heterogeneous marker for primary GBM which may be independent of intra-tumor morphological phenotypes of GBM; therefore, gene mutation markers could not be determined from a small number of needle biopsies or only confined to the high-grade region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Cheng-Jun Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Dong-Xiao Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Wei-Jun Tang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Guang Ren
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Yu Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Jin-Song Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Liang-Fu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
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15
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Arcega R, Yong WH, Xu H. Malignant melanoma mimicking giant cell variant of glioblastoma multiforme: a case report and review of literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:5929-33. [PMID: 26191321 PMCID: PMC4503192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a case of metastatic malignant melanoma in a patient initially diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme, giant cell variant. A forty year old female presented to our institution for a re-resection of a recurrent right parietal lobe mass, presumed to be recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. PET scan during preoperative evaluation revealed a 3 cm left lower lobe lung mass. Metastatic glioblastoma to lung was considered in the differential diagnosis. Resection of the brain mass revealed a highly pleomorphic giant and spindle cell lesion with an immunophenotype strongly supportive of melanoma. Immunostains for melanocytic markers were subsequently performed on the lung biopsy specimen, and demonstrated diffuse staining of the atypical cells, supporting the diagnosis of malignant melanoma in the lung. This case demonstrates the importance of considering melanoma in the differential in any tumor with high grade features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramir Arcega
- Department of Pathology, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Department of Pathology, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haodong Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
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16
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Pohlmann ES, Patel K, Guo S, Dukes MJ, Sheng Z, Kelly DF. Real-time visualization of nanoparticles interacting with glioblastoma stem cells. Nano Lett 2015; 15:2329-2335. [PMID: 25734907 DOI: 10.1021/nl504481k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based therapy represents a novel and promising approach to treat glioblastoma, the most common and lethal malignant brain cancer. Although similar therapies have achieved significant cytotoxicity in cultured glioblastoma or glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), the lack of an appropriate approach to monitor interactions between cells and nanoparticle-based therapies impedes their further clinical application in human patients. To address this critical issue, we first obtained NOTCH1 positive GSCs from patient-derived primary cultures. We then developed a new imaging approach to directly observe the dynamic nature of nanoparticles at the molecular level using in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Utilizing these tools we were able to visualize real-time movements of nanoparticles interacting with GSCs for the first time. Overall, we show strong proof-of-concept results that real-time visualization of nanoparticles in single cells can be achieved at the nanoscale using TEM, thereby providing a powerful platform for the development of nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot S Pohlmann
- †Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, United States
- ‡Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, United States
| | - Kaya Patel
- †Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, United States
| | - Sujuan Guo
- †Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, United States
| | - Madeline J Dukes
- §Protochips, Inc., Applications Science, 616 Hutton Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Zhi Sheng
- †Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, United States
- ‡Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, United States
- ∥Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- #Faculty of Health Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Deborah F Kelly
- †Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, United States
- ‡Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, United States
- ⊥Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- #Faculty of Health Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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17
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Recek N, Cheng X, Keidar M, Cvelbar U, Vesel A, Mozetic M, Sherman J. Effect of cold plasma on glial cell morphology studied by atomic force microscopy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119111. [PMID: 25803024 PMCID: PMC4372419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The atomic force microscope (AFM) is broadly used to study the morphology of cells. The morphological characteristics and differences of the cell membrane between normal human astrocytes and glial tumor cells are not well explored. Following treatment with cold atmospheric plasma, evaluation of the selective effect of plasma on cell viability of tumor cells is poorly understood and requires further evaluation. Using AFM we imaged morphology of glial cells before and after cold atmospheric plasma treatment. To look more closely at the effect of plasma on cell membrane, high resolution imaging was used. We report the differences between normal human astrocytes and human glioblastoma cells by considering the membrane surface details. Our data, obtained for the first time on these cells using atomic force microscopy, argue for an architectural feature on the cell membrane, i.e. brush layers, different in normal human astrocytes as compared to glioblastoma cells. The brush layer disappears from the cell membrane surface of normal E6/E7 cells and is maintained in the glioblastoma U87 cells after plasma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Recek
- Department of Surface Engineering and Optoelectronics, Plasma laboratory, Institute Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Xiaoqian Cheng
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Michael Keidar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Uros Cvelbar
- Department of Surface Engineering and Optoelectronics, Plasma laboratory, Institute Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Vesel
- Department of Surface Engineering and Optoelectronics, Plasma laboratory, Institute Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miran Mozetic
- Department of Surface Engineering and Optoelectronics, Plasma laboratory, Institute Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jonathan Sherman
- Department of Neurosurgery, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
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18
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Marucci G, Fabbri PV, Morandi L, De Biase D, Di Oto E, Tallini G, Sturiale C, Franceschi E, Frezza GP, Foschini MP. Pathological spectrum in recurrences of glioblastoma multiforme. Pathologica 2015; 107:1-8. [PMID: 26591624 DOI: pmid/26591624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent primary malignant brain tumour. Despite advances in treatment its prognosis remains poor. Histological features of GBM are well known. On the contrary histological description of recurrences is still not available. The aim of this study was to describe the morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular features of recurrent GBMs. METHODS 25 recurrent GBMs, diagnosed after 2005, were collected. All patients had undergone an adjuvant treatment regimen (temozolomide and/or radiotherapy). All cases were immunostained using anti-GFAP, Olig2 and Nogo-A antisera. MGMT and IDH1 status was reassessed. Features of the recurrences were compared with those of primary GBMs, time of recurrence and survival. RESULTS Recurrences were divided morphologically into three groups: 1) recurrences displaying the same features of primary GBM, were highly cellular, had the fastest progression and the worst prognosis; 2) recurrences changing dramatically morphological appearance, had a slightly longer survival, 3) poorly cellular recurrences, with sparse neoplastic cells intermingled with reactive and necrotic tissue, displayed the slowest progression and longer survival. MGMT and IDH1 status remained unchanged between primary tumours and recurrences. DISCUSSION GBM histological subtypes display different reactions to adjuvant treatments, offering a possible role in predicting different recurrence and survival time.
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19
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Sciacero P, Girelli GF, Cante D, Franco P, Casanova Borca V, Grosso P, Marra A, Bombaci S, Tofani S, La Porta MR, Ricardi U. Cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme in an adult woman. Tumori 2014; 100:e74-8. [PMID: 25076255 DOI: 10.1700/1578.17236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent primary central nervous system malignancy in adults, accounting for 50% of all primary intracranial malignancies. GBM mostly arises within the cerebral hemispheres and frequently affects patients in the fifth and sixth decades of life. Conversely, primary cerebellar GBM is a rather infrequent occurrence in the adult population, accounting for 1%-2.2% of all GBMs. Here we report a case of cerebellar GBM in an adult woman and provide an extensive review of the literature. METHODS A 42-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for occipital constrictive headache, dizziness and gait disturbance. Multimodality imaging including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a right cerebellar mass. Gross total resection was performed. Histological examination showed grade IV GBM according to the World Health Organization classification, with a synchronous component of low-grade glioma. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for p53 and negativity for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). After surgical tumor excision, the patient underwent adjuvant radiation to the posterior fossa with an intensity-modulated approach for a total dose of 60 Gy in 30 fractions. In addition, she received concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide. RESULTS Treatment was well tolerated, with mild acute toxicity. There was no evidence of recurrence on brain and spinal gadolinium-enhanced MRI scans 4, 8 and 12 months after primary surgery. No late side effects were recorded. CONCLUSION Our patient had several immunohistochemical characteristics of secondary glioblastoma such as p53 positivity, EGFR negativity and the presence of a low-grade glioma component. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy allowed us to safely deliver full-dose radiation with sparing of critical structures.
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Delgado-Goñi T, Julià-Sapé M, Candiota AP, Pumarola M, Arús C. Molecular imaging coupled to pattern recognition distinguishes response to temozolomide in preclinical glioblastoma. NMR Biomed 2014; 27:1333-1345. [PMID: 25208348 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive monitoring of response to treatment of glioblastoma (GB) is nowadays carried out using MRI. MRS and MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) constitute promising tools for this undertaking. A temozolomide (TMZ) protocol was optimized for GL261 GB. Sixty-three mice were studied by MRI/MRS/MRSI. The spectroscopic information was used for the classification of control brain and untreated and responding GB, and validated against post-mortem immunostainings in selected animals. A classification system was developed, based on the MRSI-sampled metabolome of normal brain parenchyma, untreated and responding GB, with a 93% accuracy. Classification of an independent test set yielded a balanced error rate of 6% or less. Classifications correlated well both with tumor volume changes detected by MRI after two TMZ cycles and with the histopathological data: a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the proliferation and mitotic rates and a 4.6-fold increase in the apoptotic rate. A surrogate response biomarker based on the linear combination of 12 spectral features has been found in the MRS/MRSI pattern of treated tumors, allowing the non-invasive classification of growing and responding GL261 GB. The methodology described can be applied to preclinical treatment efficacy studies to test new antitumoral drugs, and begets translational potential for early response detection in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Delgado-Goñi
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK
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21
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Aryal MP, Nagaraja TN, Brown SL, Lu M, Bagher-Ebadian H, Ding G, Panda S, Keenan K, Cabral G, Mikkelsen T, Ewing JR. Intratumor distribution and test-retest comparisons of physiological parameters quantified by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in rat U251 glioma. NMR Biomed 2014; 27:1230-8. [PMID: 25125367 PMCID: PMC4160378 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) parametric estimates in a rat U251 glioma model was analyzed. Using Magnevist as contrast agent (CA), 17 nude rats implanted with U251 cerebral glioma were studied by DCE-MRI twice in a 24 h interval. A data-driven analysis selected one of three models to estimate either (1) plasma volume (vp), (2) vp and forward volume transfer constant (K(trans)) or (3) vp, K(trans) and interstitial volume fraction (ve), constituting Models 1, 2 and 3, respectively. CA distribution volume (VD) was estimated in Model 3 regions by Logan plots. Regions of interest (ROIs) were selected by model. In the Model 3 ROI, descriptors of parameter distributions--mean, median, variance and skewness--were calculated and compared between the two time points for repeatability. All distributions of parametric estimates in Model 3 ROIs were positively skewed. Test-retest differences between population summaries for any parameter were not significant (p ≥ 0.10; Wilcoxon signed-rank and paired t tests). These and similar measures of parametric distribution and test-retest variance from other tumor models can be used to inform the choice of biomarkers that best summarize tumor status and treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tavarekere N. Nagaraja
- Dept. of Anesthesiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI
- Correspondence: Dr. Tavarekere N. Nagaraja, Dept. of Anesthesiology, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202. USA, Phone: (313) 916-3853; Fax: (313) 916-3592;
| | - Stephen L. Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI
| | - Mei Lu
- Dept. of Public Health, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI
| | - Hassan Bagher-Ebadian
- Dept. of Diagnostic Radiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI
- Dept. of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI
| | | | | | - Kelly Keenan
- Dept. of Anesthesiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI
| | | | - Tom Mikkelsen
- Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI
| | - James R. Ewing
- Dept. of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI
- Dept. of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI
- Dept. of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
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22
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Wang XF, Lin GS, Lin ZX, Chen YP, Chen Y, Zhang JD, Tan WL. Association of pSTAT3-VEGF signaling pathway with peritumoral edema in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: an immunohistochemical study. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014; 7:6133-6140. [PMID: 25337261 PMCID: PMC4203232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It is well recognized that peritumoral edema is vasogenic cerebral edema in malignant glioma, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced by phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 (pSTAT3) strongly contributes to tumor angiogenesis in glioblastoma. However, there is no study with regard to the correlation between pSTAT3 or VEGF and peritumoral edema. Such evidence may contribute to providing new targets for the management of peritumoral cerebral. In this study, newly diagnosed glioblastoma tissues from 84 patients were collected to investigate pSTAT3 and VEGF expression by immunohistochemistry, and peritumoral edema was detected by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. We found that a significantly positive correlation emerged between VEGF and pSTAT3 expression (P = 0.000) in glioblastoma tissues, but they were not related to patient gender and age (P > 0.05); the expression of pSTAT3 and VEGF were associated with peritumoral edema extent (P = 0.005), but not with edema shape (P > 0.05). Therefore, the pSTAT3-VEGF signaling pathway, which is correlated with peritumoral edema extent, might be a regulatory mechanism in the course of peritumoral edema formation during glioblastoma tumorigenesis and progression, thereby suggesting that STAT3 inhibition might be helpful for alleviation of peritumoral cerebral edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Fu Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Shi Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou Fujian, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou Fujian, China
| | - Yu-Peng Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou Fujian, China
| | - Jian-Dong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Long Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou Fujian, China
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Kazakova MH, Staykov DG, Koev IG, Kitov BD, Sarafian VS. A comparative study of LAMPs and YKL-40 tissue expression in glial tumors. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2014; 56:194-8. [PMID: 25434077 DOI: 10.2478/folmed-2014-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION YKL-40 is a glycoprotein believed potentially to be a marker of various pathological processes. High levels of YKL-40 have been found in cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases. The function of the glycoprotein is not completely known yet. A possible involvement in angiogenesis and tumor aggressiveness is supposed. Lysosome-associated membrane glycoproteins (LAMP) 1 and 2 are highly conserved proteins with still undefined biological functions. There is evidence that they are implicated in autophagy, angiogenesis and tissue remodeling. AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential relationship between the tissue expression of YKL-40, LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 in glial tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS LAMPs and YKL-40 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry in 36 glial tumors. A morphometric analysis of the intensity of tissue expression was performed with the Quick-photo Micro 2.3. system. Area (μm), perimeter (μm), and expression level (%) of the three glycoproteins were calculated. RESULTS LAMPs were found on cell membranes of glial and endothelial cells, while YKL-40 was detected in the cytoplasm of these cells. Intensive immunohistochemical reaction was present in tumor cells. LAMP-2 showed a more intensive staining compared to LAMP-1. CONCLUSION We present the first comparative study of YKL-40 and LAMPs in astroglial tumors. The relationship between the expression of the three glycoconjugates indicates a possible participation in the processes of angiogenesis and tissue remodeling during tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ilian G Koev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Borislav D Kitov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Heroux MS, Chesnik MA, Halligan BD, Al-Gizawiy M, Connelly JM, Mueller WM, Rand SD, Cochran EJ, LaViolette PS, Malkin MG, Schmainda KM, Mirza SP. Comprehensive characterization of glioblastoma tumor tissues for biomarker identification using mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomics. Physiol Genomics 2014; 46:467-81. [PMID: 24803679 PMCID: PMC4587597 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00034.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease; glioblastoma (GBM) is no exception. Short survival, poor prognosis, and very limited treatment options make it imperative to unravel the disease pathophysiology. The critically important identification of proteins that mediate various cellular events during disease is made possible with advancements in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics. The objective of our study is to identify and characterize proteins that are differentially expressed in GBM to better understand their interactions and functions that lead to the disease condition. Further identification of upstream regulators will provide new potential therapeutic targets. We analyzed GBM tumors by SDS-PAGE fractionation with internal DNA markers followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS). Brain tissue specimens obtained for clinical purposes during epilepsy surgeries were used as controls, and the quantification of MS data was performed by label-free spectral counting. The differentially expressed proteins were further characterized by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to identify protein interactions, functions, and upstream regulators. Our study identified several important proteins that are involved in GBM progression. The IPA revealed glioma activation with z score 2.236 during unbiased core analysis. Upstream regulators STAT3 and SP1 were activated and CTNNα was inhibited. We verified overexpression of several proteins by immunoblot to complement the MS data. This work represents an important step towards the identification of GBM biomarkers, which could open avenues to identify therapeutic targets for better treatment of GBM patients. The workflow developed represents a powerful and efficient method to identify biomarkers in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime S Heroux
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Marla A Chesnik
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Brian D Halligan
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mona Al-Gizawiy
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | - Wade M Mueller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Scott D Rand
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Elizabeth J Cochran
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Peter S LaViolette
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Mark G Malkin
- Department of Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Kathleen M Schmainda
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Shama P Mirza
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin;
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Hoelscher M, Richter N, Melle C, von Eggeling F, Schaenzer A, Nestler U. SELDI-TOF analysis of glioblastoma cyst fluid is an approach for assessing cellular protein expression. Neurol Res 2013; 35:993-1001. [PMID: 24225180 PMCID: PMC3823932 DOI: 10.1179/016164113x13756993777580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In about 10% of glioblastoma patients, preoperative MRI discloses the presence of tumor cysts. Whereas the impact of cystic appearance on prognosis has been discussed extensively, only little is known about the tumor cyst fluid. In this study, we tested the feasibility of the surface enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight (SELDI-TOF) technique to detect cyst fluid proteins. METHODS Cyst fluid was collected from 21 glioblastoma patients for SELDI-TOF analysis and compared to control cerebrospinal fluids from 15 patients with spinal stenosis. Resulting protein peaks with significant differences between groups were further described, using the molecular weight in an internet search of protein databases and publications. Two potential cyst fluid proteins, basigin and ferritin light chain, were selected for immunohistological detection in the histologic slides of the patients, metallothionein (MT) served as negative control. RESULTS As supposed from the results of the SELDI-TOF analysis, basigin and ferritin were detected immunohistochemically in the cyst wall, whereas MT was more equally distributed between the cyst wall and the surrounding tumor tissue. Median survival time of the patients was 20 months (range 2 to 102 months) and correlated with age, but not with expression of the three proteins. DISCUSSION The SELDI-TOF approach reveals a number of proteins, potentially present in glioblastoma cyst fluid. Identification of these proteins in tumor cells may help understand the pathogenetic pathways and the prognostic value of cystic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hoelscher
- Department of Neurosurgery, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nina Richter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Melle
- Institute of Human Genetics, CUCA, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Anne Schaenzer
- Institute for Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulf Nestler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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Rao SS, DeJesus J, Short AR, Otero JJ, Sarkar A, Winter JO. Glioblastoma behaviors in three-dimensional collagen-hyaluronan composite hydrogels. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:9276-84. [PMID: 24010546 PMCID: PMC4333346 DOI: 10.1021/am402097j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors, which arise from glia in the central nervous system (CNS), are one of the most deadly forms of human cancer with a median survival time of ∼1 year. Their high infiltrative capacity makes them extremely difficult to treat, and even with aggressive multimodal clinical therapies, outcomes are dismal. To improve understanding of cell migration in these tumors, three-dimensional (3D) multicomponent composite hydrogels consisting of collagen and hyaluronic acid, or hyaluronan (HA), were developed. Collagen is a component of blood vessels known to be associated with GBM migration; whereas, HA is one of the major components of the native brain extracellular matrix (ECM). We characterized hydrogel microstructural features and utilized these materials to investigate patient tumor-derived, single cell morphology, spreading, and migration in 3D culture. GBM morphology was influenced by collagen type with cells adopting a rounded morphology in collagen-IV versus a spindle-shaped morphology in collagen-I/III. GBM spreading and migration were inversely dependent on HA concentration; with higher concentrations promoting little or no migration. Further, noncancerous astrocytes primarily displayed rounded morphologies at lower concentrations of HA; in contrast to the spindle-shaped (spread) morphologies of GBMs. These results suggest that GBM behaviors are sensitive to ECM mimetic materials in 3D and that these composite hydrogels could be used to develop 3D brain mimetic models for studying migration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas S. Rao
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States
| | - Jessica DeJesus
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States
| | - Aaron R. Short
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States
| | - Jose J. Otero
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States
| | - Atom Sarkar
- Department of Neurosurgery and Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania 17822, United States
| | - Jessica O. Winter
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States
- Corresponding Author Phone: 614-247-7668.
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Suren D, Isiksacan Ozen O. CDC25B, Ki-67, and p53 expressions in reactive gliosis and astrocytomas. J BUON 2013; 18:1006-1011. [PMID: 24344030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the expression of CDC25B, which is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase activating phosphatase family, in diffuse astrocytoma (DA), anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) and reactive gliosis (RG). Also, to study the relationship of the expression level of CDC25B with clinical parameters and with p53 and Ki-67 proliferation index (PI). METHODS Tissues were collected from 36 cases diagnosed with astrocytoma (10 DA, 6 AA, 20 GBM), 10 PA, 10 RG and 10 normal brain tissues for controlling purposes. The sections were immunohistochemically stained with CDC25B, Ki-67 and p53. For each marker, 1000 tumor cells were counted and the ratio of positive tumor cells was calculated. RESULTS The average CDC2B staining index (CSI) was 0.6% in PA, 0.4% in DA , 7.7% in AA and 25.5% in GBM. The increase of CSI in parallel with the increase of WHO grade was significant (p=0.001). No expressions were identified in RG and normal brain. There was also significant relationship between the tumor size and CSI (p=0.027) and also between Ki-67 PI and CSI (p=0.001). Among the groups with low and high CSI in astrocytoma cases, the disease free survival (DFS) was significantly higher in the low CSI group (p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Positive expression of CDC25B in astrocytoma affects the prognosis in an adverse manner. CSI can be used as a diagnostic method and CDC25B may be a possible target molecule for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Suren
- Antalya Educational and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Antalya, Turkey
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Halamoda Kenzaoui B, Angeloni S, Overstolz T, Niedermann P, Chapuis Bernasconi C, Liley M, Juillerat-Jeanneret L. Transfer of ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles from human brain-derived endothelial cells to human glioblastoma cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:3581-3586. [PMID: 23578059 DOI: 10.1021/am401310s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are being used or explored for the development of biomedical applications in diagnosis and therapy, including imaging and drug delivery. Therefore, reliable tools are needed to study the behavior of NPs in biological environment, in particular the transport of NPs across biological barriers, including the blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB), a challenging question. Previous studies have addressed the translocation of NPs of various compositions across cell layers, mostly using only one type of cells. Using a coculture model of the human BBTB, consisting in human cerebral endothelial cells preloaded with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO NPs) and unloaded human glioblastoma cells grown on each side of newly developed ultrathin permeable silicon nitride supports as a model of the human BBTB, we demonstrate for the first time the transfer of USPIO NPs from human brain-derived endothelial cells to glioblastoma cells. The reduced thickness of the permeable mechanical support compares better than commercially available polymeric supports to the thickness of the basement membrane of the cerebral vascular system. These results are the first report supporting the possibility that USPIO NPs could be directly transferred from endothelial cells to glioblastoma cells across a BBTB. Thus, the use of such ultrathin porous supports provides a new in vitro approach to study the delivery of nanotherapeutics to brain cancers. Our results also suggest a novel possibility for nanoparticles to deliver therapeutics to the brain using endothelial to neural cells transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Halamoda Kenzaoui
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Yu K, Ng P, Ouyang J, Zaman MB, Abulrob A, Baral TN, Fatehi D, Jakubek ZJ, Kingston D, Wu X, Liu X, Hebert C, Leek DM, Whitfield DM. Low-temperature approach to highly emissive copper indium sulfide colloidal nanocrystals and their bioimaging applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:2870-2880. [PMID: 23486927 DOI: 10.1021/am302951k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report our newly developed low-temperature synthesis of colloidal photoluminescent (PL) CuInS2 nanocrystals (NCs) and their in vitro and in vivo imaging applications. With diphenylphosphine sulphide (SDPP) as a S precursor made from elemental S and diphenylphosphine, this is a noninjection based approach in 1-dodecanethiol (DDT) with excellent synthetic reproducibility and large-scale capability. For a typical synthesis with copper iodide (CuI) as a Cu source and indium acetate (In(OAc)3) as an In source, the growth temperature was as low as 160 °C and the feed molar ratios were 1Cu-to-1In-to-4S. Amazingly, the resulting CuInS2 NCs in toluene exhibit quantum yield (QY) of ~23% with photoemission peaking at ~760 nm and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of ~140 nm. With a mean size of ~3.4 nm (measured from the vertices to the bases of the pyramids), they are pyramidal in shape with a crystal structure of tetragonal chalcopyrite. In situ (31)P NMR (monitored from 30 °C to 100 °C) and in situ absorption at 80 °C suggested that the Cu precursor should be less reactive toward SDPP than the In precursor. For our in vitro and in vivo imaging applications, CuInS2/ZnS core-shell QDs were synthesized; afterwards, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) or 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) were used for ligand exchange and then bio-conjugation was performed. Two single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) were used. One was 2A3 for in vitro imaging of BxPC3 pancreatic cancer cells. The other was EG2 for in vivo imaging of a Glioblastoma U87MG brain tumour model. The bioimaging data illustrate that the CuInS2 NCs from our SDPP-based low-temperature noninjection approach are good quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Yu
- Emerging Technologies, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada.
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Chang H, Han J, Borowsky A, Loss L, Gray JW, Spellman PT, Parvin B. Invariant delineation of nuclear architecture in glioblastoma multiforme for clinical and molecular association. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2013; 32:670-82. [PMID: 23221815 PMCID: PMC3728287 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2012.2231420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Automated analysis of whole mount tissue sections can provide insights into tumor subtypes and the underlying molecular basis of neoplasm. However, since tumor sections are collected from different laboratories, inherent technical and biological variations impede analysis for very large datasets such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Our objective is to characterize tumor histopathology, through the delineation of the nuclear regions, from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tissue sections. Such a representation can then be mined for intrinsic subtypes across a large dataset for prediction and molecular association. Furthermore, nuclear segmentation is formulated within a multi-reference graph framework with geodesic constraints, which enables computation of multidimensional representations, on a cell-by-cell basis, for functional enrichment and bioinformatics analysis. Here, we present a novel method, multi-reference graph cut (MRGC), for nuclear segmentation that overcomes technical variations associated with sample preparation by incorporating prior knowledge from manually annotated reference images and local image features. The proposed approach has been validated on manually annotated samples and then applied to a dataset of 377 Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) whole slide images from 146 patients. For the GBM cohort, multidimensional representation of the nuclear features and their organization have identified 1) statistically significant subtypes based on several morphometric indexes, 2) whether each subtype can be predictive or not, and 3) that the molecular correlates of predictive subtypes are consistent with the literature. Data and intermediaries for a number of tumor types (GBM, low grade glial, and kidney renal clear carcinoma) are available at: http://tcga.lbl.gov for correlation with TCGA molecular data. The website also provides an interface for panning and zooming of whole mount tissue sections with/without overlaid segmentation results for quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chang
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720 U.S.A
| | - Ju Han
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720 U.S.A
| | - Alexander Borowsky
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, 95616 U.S.A
| | - Leandro Loss
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720 U.S.A
| | - Joe W. Gray
- Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, 97239 U.S.A
| | - Paul T. Spellman
- Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, 97239 U.S.A
| | - Bahram Parvin
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720 U.S.A
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Golebiewska A, Bougnaud S, Stieber D, Brons NHC, Vallar L, Hertel F, Klink B, Schröck E, Bjerkvig R, Niclou SP. Side population in human glioblastoma is non-tumorigenic and characterizes brain endothelial cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 136:1462-75. [PMID: 23460667 PMCID: PMC3634193 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The identification and significance of cancer stem-like cells in malignant gliomas remains controversial. It has been proposed that cancer stem-like cells display increased drug resistance, through the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporters that detoxify cells by effluxing exogenous compounds. Here, we investigated the ‘side population’ phenotype based on efflux properties of ATP-binding cassette transporters in freshly isolated human glioblastoma samples and intracranial xenografts derived thereof. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis on sorted cells obtained from glioblastoma biopsies, as well as human tumour xenografts developed in immunodeficient enhanced green fluorescence protein-expressing mice that allow an unequivocal tumour-stroma discrimination, we show that side population cells in human glioblastoma are non-neoplastic and exclusively stroma-derived. Tumour cells were consistently devoid of efflux properties regardless of their genetic background, tumour ploidy or stem cell associated marker expression. Using multi-parameter flow cytometry we identified the stromal side population in human glioblastoma to be brain-derived endothelial cells with a minor contribution of astrocytes. In contrast with their foetal counterpart, neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult brain did not display the side population phenotype. Of note, we show that CD133-positive cells often associated with cancer stem-like cells in glioblastoma biopsies, do not represent a homogenous cell population and include CD31-positive endothelial cells. Interestingly, treatment of brain tumours with the anti-angiogenic agent bevacizumab reduced total vessel density, but did not affect the efflux properties of endothelial cells. In conclusion our findings contribute to an unbiased identification of cancer stem-like cells and stromal cells in brain neoplasms, and provide novel insight into the complex issue of drug delivery to the brain. Since efflux properties of endothelial cells are likely to compromise drug availability, transiently targeting ATP-binding cassette transporters may be a valuable therapeutic strategy to improve treatment effects in brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Golebiewska
- 1 NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé (CRP-Santé), L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Sébastien Bougnaud
- 1 NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé (CRP-Santé), L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Daniel Stieber
- 1 NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé (CRP-Santé), L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Nicolaas H. C. Brons
- 2 Core Facility Flow Cytometry, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé (CRP-Santé), L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Laurent Vallar
- 3 Genomics Research Unit, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé (CRP-Santé), L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Frank Hertel
- 4 Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Department of Neurosurgery, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Barbara Klink
- 5 Institute for Clincial Genetics, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Evelin Schröck
- 5 Institute for Clincial Genetics, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rolf Bjerkvig
- 1 NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé (CRP-Santé), L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- 6 NorLux Neuro-Oncology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Simone P. Niclou
- 1 NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé (CRP-Santé), L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Vellido A, Romero E, Julià-Sapé M, Majós C, Moreno-Torres Á, Pujol J, Arús C. Robust discrimination of glioblastomas from metastatic brain tumors on the basis of single-voxel (1)H MRS. NMR Biomed 2012; 25:819-828. [PMID: 22081447 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This article investigates methods for the accurate and robust differentiation of metastases from glioblastomas on the basis of single-voxel (1)H MRS information. Single-voxel (1)H MR spectra from a total of 109 patients (78 glioblastomas and 31 metastases) from the multicenter, international INTERPRET database, plus a test set of 40 patients (30 glioblastomas and 10 metastases) from three different centers in the Barcelona (Spain) metropolitan area, were analyzed using a robust method for feature (spectral frequency) selection coupled with a linear-in-the-parameters single-layer perceptron classifier. For the test set, a parsimonious selection of five frequencies yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86, and an area under the convex hull of the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.91. Moreover, these accurate results for the discrimination between glioblastomas and metastases were obtained using a small number of frequencies that are amenable to metabolic interpretation, which should ease their use as diagnostic markers. Importantly, the prediction can be expressed as a simple formula based on a linear combination of these frequencies. As a result, new cases could be straightforwardly predicted by integrating this formula into a computer-based medical decision support system. This work also shows that the combination of spectra acquired at different TEs (short TE, 20-32 ms; long TE, 135-144 ms) is key to the successful discrimination between glioblastomas and metastases from single-voxel (1)H MRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vellido
- Departamento de Llenguatges i Sistemes Informàtics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
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Einstein DB, Wessels B, Bangert B, Fu P, Nelson AD, Cohen M, Sagar S, Lewin J, Sloan A, Zheng Y, Williams J, Colussi V, Vinkler R, Maciunas R. Phase II trial of radiosurgery to magnetic resonance spectroscopy-defined high-risk tumor volumes in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012; 84:668-74. [PMID: 22445005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the efficacy of a Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) boost to areas of high risk determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) functional imaging in addition to standard radiotherapy for patients with glioblastoma (GBM). METHODS AND MATERIALS Thirty-five patients in this prospective Phase II trial underwent surgical resection or biopsy for a GBM followed by SRS directed toward areas of MRS-determined high biological activity within 2 cm of the postoperative enhancing surgical bed. The MRS regions were determined by identifying those voxels within the postoperative T2 magnetic resonance imaging volume that contained an elevated choline/N-acetylaspartate ratio in excess of 2:1. These voxels were marked, digitally fused with the SRS planning magnetic resonance image, targeted with an 8-mm isocenter per voxel, and treated using Radiation Therapy Oncology Group SRS dose guidelines. All patients then received conformal radiotherapy to a total dose of 60 Gy in 2-Gy daily fractions. The primary endpoint was overall survival. RESULTS The median survival for the entire cohort was 15.8 months. With 75% of recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) Class 3 patients still alive 18 months after treatment, the median survival for RPA Class 3 has not yet been reached. The median survivals for RPA Class 4, 5, and 6 patients were 18.7, 12.5, and 3.9 months, respectively, compared with Radiation Therapy Oncology Group radiotherapy-alone historical control survivals of 11.1, 8.9, and 4.6 months. For the 16 of 35 patients who received concurrent temozolomide in addition to protocol radiotherapeutic treatment, the median survival was 20.8 months, compared with European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer historical controls of 14.6 months using radiotherapy and temozolomide. Grade 3/4 toxicities possibly attributable to treatment were 11%. CONCLUSIONS This represents the first prospective trial using selective MRS-targeted functional SRS combined with radiotherapy for patients with GBM. This treatment is feasible, with acceptable toxicity and patient survivals higher than in historical controls. This study can form the basis for a multicenter, randomized trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B Einstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University Kettering, OH 44129, USA.
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Mathejczyk JE, Pauli J, Dullin C, Napp J, Tietze LF, Kessler H, Resch-Genger U, Alves F. Spectroscopically well-characterized RGD optical probe as a prerequisite for lifetime-gated tumor imaging. Mol Imaging 2011; 10:469-480. [PMID: 22201538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Labeling of RGD peptides with near-infrared fluorophores yields optical probes for noninvasive imaging of tumors overexpressing ανβ3 integrins. An important prerequisite for optimum detection sensitivity in vivo is strongly absorbing and highly emissive probes with a known fluorescence lifetime. The RGD-Cy5.5 optical probe was derived by coupling Cy5.5 to a cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-d-phenylalanine-lysine (RGDfK) peptide via an aminohexanoic acid spacer. Spectroscopic properties of the probe were studied in different matrices in comparison to Cy5.5. For in vivo imaging, human glioblastoma cells were subcutaneously implanted into nude mice, and in vivo fluorescence intensity and lifetime were measured. The fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime of Cy5.5 were found to be barely affected on RGD conjugation but dramatically changed in the presence of proteins. By time domain fluorescence imaging, we demonstrated specific binding of RGD-Cy5.5 to glioblastoma xenografts in nude mice. Discrimination of unspecific fluorescence by lifetime-gated analysis further enhanced the detection sensitivity of RGD-Cy5.5-derived signals. We characterized RGD-Cy5.5 as a strongly emissive and stable probe adequate for selective targeting of ανβ3 integrins. The specificity and thus the overall detection sensitivity in vivo were optimized with lifetime gating, based on the previous determination of the probes fluorescence lifetime under application-relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Eva Mathejczyk
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
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Song X, Andrew Allen R, Terence Dunn S, Fung KM, Farmer P, Gandhi S, Ranjan T, Demopoulos A, Symons M, Schulder M, Li JY. Glioblastoma with PNET-like components has a higher frequency of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation and likely a better prognosis than primary glioblastoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2011; 4:651-660. [PMID: 22076165 PMCID: PMC3209605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma with primitive neuroectodermal tumor-like components (GBM-PNET), a rare variant of glioblastoma, poses both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Ten patients with GBM-PNET were investigated with a median age of 51.5 years and the male to female ratio of 4:1. The majority of patients (7 out of 10) showed ring-enhancing lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is classic for GBMs. Restricted diffusion was noted in 7 cases where diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) was performed, which correlates with the presence of PNET-like components. CD56 and vimentin immunostaining made the diagnosis of GBM-PNET much easier. Vimentin strongly and diffusely highlighted the astrocytic components and was negative in PNET-like components, while CD56 was strongly and diffusely positive in both astrocytic and PNET-like components. Seven out of 9 cases were positive for p53 in both astrocytic and PNET-like components. Two out of 8 cases harbored isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) R132H mutation, while IDH2 R172 mutations were not identified. Three out of 10 patients had a median survival time of 17 months while the two patients, whose tumor carried IDH1 mutation, were still alive after 15 and 31 months of follow-up. Compared to primary GBMs, GBM-PNETs might have a better prognosis. Further large scale studies are necessary to confirm this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyuan Song
- Department of Pathology, Hartford HospitalHartford, CT
| | - R Andrew Allen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma City, OK
| | - S Terence Dunn
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma City, OK
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma City, OK
| | - Peter Farmer
- Department of Pathology and Lab. Medicine, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Lake Success, Hofstra North Shore-LU School of MedicineNY
| | - Shital Gandhi
- Department of Radiology, North Shore University HospitalManhasset, NY
| | - Tulika Ranjan
- Department of Neurology, North Shore University HospitalManhasset, NY
| | | | - Marc Symons
- Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhasset, NY, USA
| | - Michael Schulder
- Department of Neurosurgery, North Shore University HospitalManhasset, NY
| | - Jian Yi Li
- Department of Pathology and Lab. Medicine, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Lake Success, Hofstra North Shore-LU School of MedicineNY
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Samkoe KS, Gibbs-Strauss SL, Yang HH, Khan Hekmatyar S, Jack Hoopes P, O'Hara JA, Kauppinen RA, Pogue BW. Protoporphyrin IX fluorescence contrast in invasive glioblastomas is linearly correlated with Gd enhanced magnetic resonance image contrast but has higher diagnostic accuracy. J Biomed Opt 2011; 16:096008. [PMID: 21950922 PMCID: PMC3188641 DOI: 10.1117/1.3622754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity and specificity of in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is compared with production of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), determined ex vivo, in a diffusely infiltrating glioma. A human glioma transfected with green fluorescent protein, displaying diffuse, infiltrative growth, was implanted intracranially in athymic nude mice. Image contrast from corresponding regions of interest (ROIs) in in vivo MR and ex vivo fluorescence images was quantified. It was found that all tumor groups had statistically significant PpIX fluorescence contrast and that PpIX contrast demonstrated the best predictive power for tumor presence. Contrast from gadolinium enhanced T1-weighted (T1W+Gd) and absolute T2 images positively predicted the presence of a tumor, confirmed by the GFP positive (GFP+) and hematoxylin and eosin positive (H&E+) ROIs. However, only the absolute T2 images had predictive power from controls in ROIs that were GFP+ but H&E negative. Additionally, PpIX fluorescence and T1W+Gd image contrast were linearly correlated in both the GFP+ (r = 0.79, p<1×10(-8)) and H&E+ (r = 0.74, p<0.003) ROIs. The trace diffusion images did not have predictive power or significance from controls. This study indicates that gadolinium contrast enhanced MR images can predict the presence of diffuse tumors, but PpIX fluorescence is a better predictor regardless of tumor vascularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley S Samkoe
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover New Hampshire 03755, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In the 2007 WHO classification, glioblastomas are classified among the group of astrocytic tumors. They are highly malignant (grade IV). This group of tumors is morphologically heterogeneous. The WHO distinguishes between clinico-pathological entities, variants of entities and histological pattern. Variants are defined as being reliably indentified histologically and having some relevance for clinical outcome but as still being part of a previously defined overarching entity. Patterns of differentiation are identifiable by histological appearances but without clinical or pathological significance. METHODS The description of the histological and immunohistochemical features is based on the 2007 WHO classification. RESULTS In addition to the classic form of glioblastoma, two variants exist: the giant cell GBM and the gliosarcoma. The first but not the second would have a better outcome than the classic glioblastoma. The WHO classification also distinguishes several patterns of differentiation: small cells glioblastoma; glioblastoma with lipidized cells; glioblastoma with oligodendroglioma component; glioblastoma with heterologous differentiation. These patterns have to be recognized because they represent sometimes a diagnostic challenge. GFAP, Olig2 and Mib1/Ki67 are the most relevant immunohistochemical markers. Diagnostic value of neuronal markers is still controversial. EGFR or p53 expression can be detected and their prognosis value is discussed in this chapter. A systematic analysis of some markers in routine, for example IDH1 or internexin-a, could help to define more homogeneous groups of patients.
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Anido J, Sáez-Borderías A, Gonzàlez-Juncà A, Rodón L, Folch G, Carmona MA, Prieto-Sánchez RM, Barba I, Martínez-Sáez E, Prudkin L, Cuartas I, Raventós C, Martínez-Ricarte F, Poca MA, García-Dorado D, Lahn MM, Yingling JM, Rodón J, Sahuquillo J, Baselga J, Seoane J. TGF-β Receptor Inhibitors Target the CD44(high)/Id1(high) Glioma-Initiating Cell Population in Human Glioblastoma. Cancer Cell 2010; 18:655-68. [PMID: 21156287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioma-initiating cells (GICs), also called glioma stem cells, are responsible for tumor initiation, relapse, and therapeutic resistance. Here, we show that TGF-β inhibitors, currently under clinical development, target the GIC compartment in human glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Using patient-derived specimens, we have determined the gene responses to TGF-β inhibition, which include inhibitors of DNA-binding protein (Id)-1 and -3 transcription factors. We have identified a cell population enriched for GICs that expresses high levels of CD44 and Id1 and tend to be located in a perivascular niche. The inhibition of the TGF-β pathway decreases the CD44(high)/Id1(high) GIC population through the repression of Id1 and Id3 levels, therefore inhibiting the capacity of cells to initiate tumors. High CD44 and Id1 levels confer poor prognosis in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Anido
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
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Carretero M, Negrete N, Muñoz G, Sánchez J, Bernal LM. [Anesthetic treatment during resection of high-grade malignant gliomas after injection of 5-aminolevulinic acid to enhance intraoperative visualization]. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2010; 57:393-395. [PMID: 20645498 DOI: 10.1016/s0034-9356(10)70260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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40
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Fernández-Candil J, Pacreu S, Villaba G, Fernández GS. [Anesthetic approach and implications of the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid as a tumor marker in the resection of malignant gliomas]. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2010; 57:395-396. [PMID: 20645499 DOI: 10.1016/s0034-9356(10)70261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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41
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Klekner A, Varga I, Bognár L, Hutóczki G, Kenyeres A, Tóth J, Hanzély Z, Scholtz B. [Extracellular matrix of cerebral tumors with different invasiveness]. Ideggyogy Sz 2010; 63:38-43. [PMID: 20420122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ineffective surgical and radiotherapy of glioblastoma is mainly due to its intensive infiltrating behavior. Contrarily, brain metastases of anaplastic carcinomas are well-circumscribed intracerebral lesions that can be easily exstirpated in most cases. The molecules of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play a pivotal role in the peritumoral infiltration. In this study the mRNA expression of the ECM components was investigated in two types of intracerebral malignoma with different invasion activity. Our aim was to identify the ECM molecules that are responsible for the different intensity of peritumoral infiltration of tumors from different origin. METHODS The mRNA expression of twenty-three ECM molecules was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Four pieces of glioblastoma and four pieces of intracerebral lung adenocarcinoma metastasis from neurosurgical operation were investigated. Immunohistochemical investigations were performed in case of five molecules. RESULTS The mRNA expression of nine molecules (brevican, neurocan, neuroglycan-C, syndecan-1,2,4, tenascin-C, versican and matrix-metalloproteinase-[MMP]2) differed significantly by comparison of the two tumor types. By immunohistochemistry, neurocan, syndecan, versican and MMP-2 showed alteration in staining intensity according to the mRNA expression, while MMP-9 showed higher staining intensity in the metastatic tumor. CONCLUSIONS The identified molecules can play an important role in the different infiltration activity of tumors from different origin. Thus these ECM-components could serve as targets for anti-invasion therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almos Klekner
- Debreceni Egyetem, Orvos- es Egészségtudományi Centrum, Idegsebészeti Klinika, Debrecen.
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Ambroise MM, Khosla C, Ghosh M, Mallikarjuna VS, Annapurneswari S. The role of immunohistochemistry in predicting behavior of astrocytic tumors. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2010; 11:1079-1084. [PMID: 21133628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the significance of p53, bcl-2 and EGFR expression in the grading and biological behavior of astrocytic tumors, especially in the Indian population. A total of 117 cases of astrocytomas graded using the WHO grading system published in 2007 were immunolabeled using p53, EGFR and bcl-2 monoclonal antibodies and analyzed with respect to grade and other relevant parameters. The 117 cases included 16 cases of pilocytic astrocytomas and 25, 15 and 61 cases of diffuse fibrillary astrocytomas WHO grade II, anaplastic astrocytomas WHO grade III and glioblastomas (GBM), respectively. Our results showed that p53 alterations is an early event in astrocytic gliomagenesis, but is not significant in the evolution of pilocytic astrocytomas. Bcl-2 expression did not correlate with grade and no statistical correlation was seen with p53 expression. EGFR protein expression correlated with the severity of tumor grade. Of the GBM cases, 47.5% were p53 positive only, 18% were EGFR positive only, 16.5% were negative for both and 18% were positive for both. The mean age in the dual positive category was significantly higher when compared to the others. EGFR and p53 alterations are not mutually exclusive and might act synergistically to promote progression. We also noted a significantly higher p53 expression in females in GBMs. Though most of our findings correlated with those of previous studies, some differences were noted, especially in the pattern of immunoexpression in GBMs, perhaps because of ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moses Ambroise
- Department of Histopathology, Apollo Specialty Hospital, Padma Complex, India.
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McNerny DQ, Kukowska-Latallo JF, Mullen DG, Wallace JM, Desai AM, Shukla R, Huang B, Banaszak Holl MM, Baker JR. RGD dendron bodies; synthetic avidity agents with defined and potentially interchangeable effector sites that can substitute for antibodies. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:1853-9. [PMID: 20711425 PMCID: PMC2920625 DOI: 10.1021/bc900217h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrons were synthesized with c(RGDyK) peptide on the surface to create a scaffold for cellular targeting and multivalent binding. Binary dendron-RGD conjugates were synthesized with a single Alexa Fluor 488, biotin, methotrexate drug molecule, or additional functionalized dendron at the focal point. The targeted dendron platform was shown to specifically target αvβ3 integrin expressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human glioblastoma cells (U87MG) in Vitro via flow cytometry. Specific targeting of the dendron-RGD platform was further confirmed by confocal microscopy. Biological activity of the targeted drug conjugate was confirmed via XTT assay. The orthogonal reaction chemistry used at the dendron focal point gives a precise 1:1 ratio of the attachment of multiple functionalities to a small-molecular-weight, chemically stable, high avidity molecule. These studies serve as a framework to selectively combine biologically relevant functions with enhanced specific binding activity to substitute for antibodies in many diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James R. Baker
- Corresponding author. , Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, 9220 MSRB III, Box 5648, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Tsunoda K, Kitange G, Anda T, Shabani HK, Kaminogo M, Shibata S, Nagata I. Expression of the constitutively activated RelA/NF-kappaB in human astrocytic tumors and the in vitro implication in the regulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator, migration, and invasion. Brain Tumor Pathol 2009; 22:79-87. [PMID: 18095109 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-005-0186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 07/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although malignant gliomas are highly invasive tumors, a characteristic that contributes to the commonly observed therapeutic failures and local disease recurrences, the molecular events that regulate invasion in these tumors remain poorly understood. Because the transcription factor RelA/NF-kappaB has been shown to regulate invasion during several cellular processes, we have examined immunohistochemically expression of the constitutively activated RelA/NF-kappaB in tissues obtained from 49 astrocytic tumors [8 diffuse astrocytomas, 9 anaplastic astrocytomas (AAs) and 32 glioblastomas (GBMs)]. In addition, we examined the in vitro effects of antisense oligonucleotides and curcumin on the expression and activation of RelA/NF-kappaB, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) expression, migration, and invasion in the T98G glioma cell line. Expression of the constitutively activated RelA/NF-kappaB was observed in 2 (25%) of 8 cases of diffuse astrocytomas, 5 (55.6%) of 9 cases of AAs, and 30 (93.8%) of 32 cases of GBMs. This expression was significantly correlated with the malignant potential in astrocytic tumors (P < 0.001). Moreover, antisense oligonucleotides and curcumin inhibited phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced RelA/NF-kappaB expression or activation (or both), down-regulated u-PA expression, and reduced the migration and invasive potentials of T98G glioma cells. Thus, the expression of constitutively activated RelA/NF-kappaB is associated with malignancy potential in astrocytic tumors and may play a critical role in the regulation of u-PA expression and invasiveness in gliomas. RelA/NF-kappaB may therefore be an intriguing candidate for studies aimed at understanding and prevention of the invasiveness of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Tsunoda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-7-1 Sakamoto-machi, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.
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Brehar FM, Bleotu C, Stefan LM, Buzgariu W, Chivu M, Utoiu E, Matei L, Ciurea AV, Tascu A. Isolation and partial characterization of a new human glioblastoma cell line. Chirurgia (Bucur) 2009; 104:453-461. [PMID: 19886054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although significant progresses were made in the field of molecular biology of malignant cerebral gliomas, the prognostic of these tumors continues to be reserved. One of the therapeutic failure reasons is the incomplete knowledge regarding the origin of these tumors and cells features, which in fact represent an obstacle in developing a cell and molecular therapy guided against malignant cells responsible for the tumor development and for the therapeutic resistance. Initiation and characterization of glioblastoma cell lines represents an essential step in order to obtain a better in vitro and in vivo experimental model for glioblastoma. We describe here a new glioblastoma line, named T11, which was successfully isolated in our laboratories starting with a tumor sample obtained intraoperative from a 58 years-old female patient. The histopathological evaluation showed a grad IV WHO glioma (glioblastoma). The sample was prepared by manual fragmentation, followed by enzymatic digestions using different concentration of trypsin. The cell line has been cultivated for more than 150 passages. The characterization of the glioblastoma line consisted in the evaluation of cells proliferation capacity (growth curve), morphological features, karyotyping and identification of specific markers. We found that T11 expressed specific markers for glial progenitors and astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein-GFAP); oligodendrocites (A2B5; O4), and microglia (CD45, CD 11b). Cells were negative for neuronal lineage markers like beta3-tubulin and NCAM. In order to evaluate the differentiation grade of T11 cell line, the presence of stem cell markers (nestin, CD133) was explored. T11l cells expressed higher level of nestin and lower level of CD133 comparing with standard glioblastoma cell line U87. T11 cell line expressed VEGF and Bcl-2, but not EGFR and Mdrl and Bax. This new line has distinct and unique characteristics when compared with standard glioblastoma cell line (e.g., U87) and may become a new and useful in vitro model for glioblastoma.
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MESH Headings
- AC133 Antigen
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/analysis
- Actins/analysis
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Blotting, Western
- Brain Neoplasms/chemistry
- Brain Neoplasms/metabolism
- Brain Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Culture Techniques
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Disease Models, Animal
- ErbB Receptors/analysis
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/analysis
- Glioblastoma/chemistry
- Glioblastoma/metabolism
- Glioblastoma/pathology
- Glycoproteins/analysis
- Humans
- Intermediate Filament Proteins/analysis
- Mice
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/transplantation
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis
- Nestin
- Peptides/analysis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/analysis
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Brehar
- Emergency Clinical Hospital Bagdasar-Arseni, Bucharest, Romania.
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46
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Higashi M, Ishikawa C, Yu J, Toyoda A, Kawana H, Kurokawa K, Matsuda M, Kitagawa M, Harigaya K. Human Mena associates with Rac1 small GTPase in glioblastoma cell lines. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4765. [PMID: 19277120 PMCID: PMC2651628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammarian enabled (Mena), a member of the Enabled (Ena)/Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) family of proteins, has been implicated in cell motility through regulation of the actin cytoskeleton assembly, including lamellipodial protrusion. Rac1, a member of the Rho family GTPases, also plays a pivotal role in the formation of lamellipodia. Here we report that human Mena (hMena) colocalizes with Rac1 in lamellipodia, and using an unmixing assisted acceptor depletion fluorescence resonance energy transfer (u-adFRET) analysis that hMena associates with Rac1 in vivo in the glioblastoma cell line U251MG. Depletion of hMena by siRNA causes cells to be highly spread with the formation of lamellipodia. This cellular phenotype is canceled by introduction of a dominant negative form of Rac1. A Rac activity assay and FRET analysis showed that hMena knock-down cells increased the activation of Rac1 at the lamellipodia. These results suggest that hMena possesses properties which help to regulate the formation of lamellipodia through the modulation of the activity of Rac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morihiro Higashi
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chieko Ishikawa
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Toyoda
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidetada Kawana
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kurokawa
- Molecular Membrane Biology Laboratory, RIKEN Discovery Research Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Michiyuki Matsuda
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoo Kitagawa
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harigaya
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Xie TX, Aldape KD, Gong W, Kanzawa T, Suki D, Kondo S, Lang F, Ali-Osman F, Sawaya R, Huang S. Aberrant NF-kappaB activity is critical in focal necrosis formation of human glioblastoma by regulation of the expression of tissue factor. Int J Oncol 2008; 33:5-15. [PMID: 18575745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal necrosis is a key pathologic feature that distinguishes glioblastoma from lower grade glioma. The presence of necrosis in a glioblastoma could promote its rapid growth and clinical progression. Focal necrosis of glioblastoma seems to be associated with thrombosis that result from hyper-coagulability. In the present study, we found that glioblastoma cells had a high level of constitutive nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activity, which was directly correlated with necrosis in glioblastomas. We also found a direct correlation between NF-kappaB activity and the expression of tissue factor (TF), a potent procoagulant factor in gliomas. Inhibition of TF by an inhibitory antibody prevented the procoagulant activity of glioblastoma cells, indicating a TF-dependent mechanism. Blockade of NF-kappaB activation significantly inhibited TF expression and the procoagulant activity of glioblastoma cells in vitro. Blockade of NF-kappaB activation also significantly inhibited in vivo expression of TF, which was directly correlated with decreased necrosis formation and tumor growth of glioblastoma cells in nude mice. Collectively, these results suggest that elevated NF-kappaB activity in glioblastomas cells plays a critical role in necrosis formation of glioblastoma and that inhibition of NF-kappaB activity in glioblastoma can suppress necrosis formation and progressive growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Xin Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Salhotra A, Lal B, Laterra J, Sun PZ, van Zijl PCM, Zhou J. Amide proton transfer imaging of 9L gliosarcoma and human glioblastoma xenografts. NMR Biomed 2008; 21:489-97. [PMID: 17924591 PMCID: PMC2943209 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging is a variant of magnetization transfer (MT) imaging, in which the contrast is determined by a change in water intensity due to chemical exchange with saturated amide protons of endogenous mobile proteins and peptides. In this study, eight Fisher 344 rats implanted with 9L gliosarcoma cells and six nude rats implanted with human glioblastoma cells were imaged at 4.7 T. There were increased signal intensities in tumors in the APT-weighted images. The contrast of APT imaging between the tumor and contralateral brain tissue was about 3.9% in water intensity (1.49 +/- 0.66% vs -2.36 +/- 0.19%) for the more uniformly hypercellular 9L brain tumors, and it was reduced to 1.6% (-1.18 +/- 0.60% vs -2.77 +/- 0.42%) for the human glioblastoma xenografts that contained hypocellular zones of necrosis. The preliminary results show that the APT technique at the protein level may provide a unique MRI contrast for the characterization of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Salhotra
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bachchu Lal
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John Laterra
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Phillip Zhe Sun
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter C. M. van Zijl
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jinyuan Zhou
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Dehnhardt M, Zoriy MV, Khan Z, Reifenberger G, Ekström TJ, Sabine Becker J, Zilles K, Bauer A. Element distribution is altered in a zone surrounding human glioblastoma multiforme. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2008; 22:17-23. [PMID: 18319136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2007.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Revised: 05/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent data indicate that A(1) adenosine receptor (A(1)AR) density is increased in a zone surrounding human and experimental gliomas. On the contrary, tumor tissue and adjacent brain tissue show low to intermediate A(1)AR densities. In order to assess whether changes in A(1)AR expression are indicating further processes of a chemical reorganization of the peritumoral zone, we investigated element concentrations and distribution patterns of copper and zinc in six human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) specimens by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Uranium and lead were used as external standards. Copper and zinc levels were increased in a peritumoral zone corresponding to the region of elevated A(1)AR density. They showed a lower density in the solid tumor in comparison to surrounding brain tissue, although the cellular density was higher within GBM. Our findings suggest that the immediate vicinity of GBM is characterized by increased levels of copper and zinc supporting the view that higher A(1)AR density surrounding GBM is not an isolated alteration of peritumoral tissue but an indicator of complex changes in the vicinity of infiltrative tumors. Further research is needed to explore the pathophysiological consequences of altered peritumoral element distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Dehnhardt
- Institut für Medizin, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Brain Imaging Center West, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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50
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Cai W, Wu Y, Chen K, Cao Q, Tice DA, Chen X. In vitro and in vivo characterization of 64Cu-labeled Abegrin, a humanized monoclonal antibody against integrin alpha v beta 3. Cancer Res 2007; 66:9673-81. [PMID: 17018625 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abegrin (MEDI-522 or Vitaxin), a humanized monoclonal antibody against human integrin alpha(v)beta(3), is in clinical trials for cancer therapy. In vivo imaging using Abegrin-based probes is needed for better treatment monitoring and dose optimization. Here, we conjugated Abegrin with macrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7,10-tetra-azacylododecane N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic (DOTA) at five different DOTA/Abegrin ratios. The conjugates were labeled with (64)Cu (half-life = 12.7 hours) and tested in three human (U87MG, MDA-MB-435, and PC-3) and one mouse (GL-26) tumor models. The in vitro and in vivo effects of these (64)Cu-DOTA-Abegrin conjugates were evaluated. The number of DOTA per Abegrin varied from 1.65 +/- 0.32 to 38.53 +/- 5.71 and the radiolabeling yield varied from 5.20 +/- 3.16% to 88.12 +/- 6.98% (based on 2 mCi (64)Cu per 50 microg DOTA-Abegrin conjugate). No significant difference in radioimmunoreactivity was found among these conjugates (between 59.78 +/- 1.33 % and 71.13 +/- 2.58 %). Micro-positron emission tomography studies revealed that (64)Cu-DOTA-Abegrin (1,000:1) had the highest tumor activity accumulation (49.41 +/- 4.54% injected dose/g at 71-hour postinjection for U87MG tumor). The receptor specificity of (64)Cu-DOTA-Abegrin was confirmed by effective blocking of MDA-MB-435 tumor uptake with coadministration of nonradioactive Abegrin. (64)Cu-DOTA-IgG exhibited background level tumor uptake at all time points examined. Integrin alpha(v)beta(3)-specific tumor imaging using (64)Cu-DOTA-Abegrin may be translated into the clinic to characterize the pharmacokinetics, tumor targeting efficacy, dose optimization, and dose interval of Abegrin and/or Abegrin conjugates. Chemotherapeutics or radiotherapeutics using Abegrin as the delivering vehicle may also be effective in treating integrin alpha(v)beta(3)-positive tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/chemistry
- Adenocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/analysis
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/immunology
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/analysis
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Breast Neoplasms/chemistry
- Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor/diagnostic imaging
- Cell Line, Tumor/transplantation
- Chelating Agents/administration & dosage
- Chelating Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Copper Radioisotopes/administration & dosage
- Copper Radioisotopes/analysis
- Copper Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Female
- Glioblastoma/chemistry
- Glioblastoma/diagnostic imaging
- Glioblastoma/pathology
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/administration & dosage
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/pharmacokinetics
- Humans
- Immunoconjugates/analysis
- Immunoconjugates/immunology
- Immunoconjugates/pharmacokinetics
- Integrin alphaVbeta3/analysis
- Integrin alphaVbeta3/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Proteins/analysis
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Organometallic Compounds/analysis
- Organometallic Compounds/immunology
- Organometallic Compounds/pharmacokinetics
- Positron-Emission Tomography
- Prostatic Neoplasms/chemistry
- Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Radiography
- Radioimmunodetection
- Radiometry
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Cai
- The Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5484, USA
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