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Zhang Y, Zhao J, Hu Q, Mao H, Wang T. Nitro substituent caused negative impact on occurrence and development of atherosclerotic plaque by PM 2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167700. [PMID: 37827309 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 exposure is a significant risk factor for the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) play prominent roles in PM2.5-related toxicity. However, the nitrated derivatives of PAHs, nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs), have strong oxidizing properties due to the nitro substituents. Thus, the in vivo and in vitro experiments exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 6-nitro benzo[a]pyrene (NBaP) were conducted to evaluate the effect of nitro substituent on the atherosclerosis due to (or attributable to) PAHs. The results showed that NBaP exposure induced the inhibition of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) viability and cell morphology damage via more severe oxidative stress than BaP exposure. Furthermore, exposure to PM2.5-bound NBaP caused dyslipidemia in the Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice, including the increment of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and malondialdehyde levels, and the decrement of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels in serum and aorta. Furthermore, histology showed atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta of ApoE-/- mice. However, there were no significant differences of the physiological and pathological changes between BaP and control groups. Thus, NPAHs induced endothelial dysfunction and dyslipidemia via severe oxidative stress, and further accelerated the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis compared with the parent PAHs. Our findings provide the first evidence that nitro substituent caused much severer negative health impact of polycyclic aromatic compounds, which highlight the significance of NPAHs in health risk estimation of polycyclic aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental, Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - JingBo Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental, Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental, Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - HongJun Mao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental, Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental, Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Ersuz R, Karapınar OS, Doğan S. Comparison of serum levels of cell adhesion molecules (E-selectin, P-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, LRG-1) in placental invasion and adhesion anomalies with patients with vaginal delivery and former cesarean. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:167-173. [PMID: 36625879 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-06911-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is aimed to be a technique that can be used for diagnosis and to prevent maternal deaths in cases where the serum levels of cell adhesion molecules are different in patients with abnormal placentation compared to healthy pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients between March 2020 and September 2021 were included in the study. While 56 patients, out of 153 cases formed the placental adhesion and/or localization anomaly group, 55 cases without placental adhesion anomaly (placental invasion anomaly and/or previa pathology) constituted the cesarean section group and 42 cases constituted the vaginal birth control group. Demographic characteristics and histories of 153 patients were questioned. I-CAM-1, V-CAM-1, E-Selectin, P-Selectin, LRG-1 levels were studied. The parameters measured by the ELISA method were studied in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Multiscan Go (Finland) device at the Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty Medical Biochemistry USA ELISA Laboratory. Wholehouse and One Way Anova analysis methods were used to compare the results. RESULTS There were significant differences in E-Selectin, P-Selectin, ICAM-1 and LRG-1 values between the groups (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the vaginal birth (VB) and previa/percreata (PP) groups in terms of E-Selectin (p = 0.038). In terms of P-Selectin, there was a significant difference between the C/S and previa/percreata (PP) groups (p < 001). P-Selectin was higher in the previa/percreata (PP) group. There was a significant difference between the Vaginally birth (VB), C/S group (p = 0.041) and the vaginal birth (VB), previa/percreata (PP) group (p = 0.013) in terms of ICAM-1, but there was no significant difference between the C/S and previa/percreata (PP) groups. In terms of LRG-1, there was a significant difference between all 3 groups (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION A recent study investigated the potential modulatory effects of trans-resveratrol (RSV), arginase and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in patients with PE. Another reflection of endothelial dysfunction in PE is increased endothelial activation biomarkers such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and Caspase-3 (CASP-3). The study, regarding vWF expression, the preeclampsia (PE) group showed higher levels compared to endothelial cells incubated with healty pregnant (HP) plasma [Bueno-Pereira et al 2022 Antioxidants 2111]. From this and similar studies, the hypothesis that the role of cell adhesion molecules in endothelial damage may be the underlying cause of invasion and location anomalies emerges. This hypothesis is the starting point of our study. CONCLUSIONS In our study, all adhesion molecules except V-CAM-1 were found to be significantly higher in the previa/percreata (PP) group. E-Selectin and LRG-1 adhesion molecules were found to be significantly higher even in C/S patients compared to normal delivery. As a result; these adhesion molecules can be studied as a marker in previa/percreata (PP) patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutkay Ersuz
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal Universitesi, Antakya, Turkey.
| | | | - Serdar Doğan
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal Universitesi, Antakya, Turkey
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Cimmino G, Gallinoro E, di Serafino L, De Rosa G, Sugraliyev A, Golino P, Cirillo P. Uric acid plasma levels are associated with C-reactive protein concentrations and the extent of coronary artery lesions in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:1751-1757. [PMID: 37466806 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03360-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have pointed out that inflammation plays a pivotal role in pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) because several inflammatory molecules impair the endothelial functions in the coronary circulation and promote atherothrombotic events. Recently, many clinical/experimental evidences indicate that elevated plasma levels of uric acid (UA) might be considered a risk factor for developing ACS. It has been reported that elevated UA doses impair physiologic functions of endothelial cells, shifting them toward a pro atherothrombotic phenotype. In the present manuscript, we investigated the relationship between UA plasma levels, inflammatory burden, and extension of coronary atherosclerotic disease in patients with ACS. Patients with a clinical presentation of ACS (ST-elevated and non-ST-elevated myocardial infarction) admitted to the Vanvitelli Catheterization Laboratory at Monaldi Hospital in 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemia, were retrospectively analyzed. Biochemical profile, type of ACS presentation, as well as extension of coronary atherosclerosis were assessed. A total of 132 ACS patients were included in the analysis, and grouped into 3 tertiles according to the UA values (UA < 4.72 mg/dl, UA between 4.72 and 6.15 mg/dl, and UA > 6.15 mg/dl). Patients with UA plasma levels ≥ 6.15 mg/dL showed higher levels of C-reactive protein (mean of 5.1 mg/dL) as compared to patients with lower UA plasma levels. Moreover, the former group of patients showed higher levels of cardiac troponin and CPK, and presented more often with multivessel disease and complex coronary stenosis (type C of Ellis classification). Even though monocentric and with limited sample size, the present study shows that plasma levels of UA and hs-CRP are elevated in ACS patients and are associated with a more severe coronary disease, suggesting a potential role of UA in the pathophysiology of acute coronary events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cimmino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Gallinoro
- Cardiology Department, IRCCS Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi di Serafino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro De Rosa
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Akhmetzhan Sugraliyev
- Department of Internal Disease, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Paolo Golino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Plinio Cirillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Wang X, Jia Z, Zhou X, Su L, Wang M, Wang T, Zhang H. Nanoplastic-induced vascular endothelial injury and coagulation dysfunction in mice. Sci Total Environ 2023; 865:161271. [PMID: 36587662 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics are the persistent pollutants in a variety of environments, representing a potential threat to human health. Notably, plastic particles have been detected in sample of human bloodstream. It is thus significant to investigate the effects of nanoplastics on the cardiovascular system owing to its ease transfer through the bloodstream to other organs. However, few studies have been performed to evaluate the cardiovascular toxicity of nanoplastics. Herein, we pursued to investigate the adverse cardiovascular impacts of polystyrene (PS), PS-NH2 and PS-COOH nanoplastics on mice. Experimental results demonstrated that the exposure to these nanoplastics could result in structural damage of vascular endothelial cells and inflammatory response. Moreover, it was found out that the dysfunctions of coagulation and prethrombotic state were caused by nanoplastics, which could be ascribed to the activation of JAK1/STAT3/TF signaling pathway. In summary, results clearly indicated that nanoplastic exposure lead to vascular toxicity to mice, which serves as a basis for future studies about the potential physiological threat of nanoplastics to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Jia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Xiuran Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Lei Su
- Department of Food Industry, Shandong Institute of Commerce and Technology, Jinan 250103, PR China
| | - Minglu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China.
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China.
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Majid S, Weisbrod RM, Fetterman JL, Keith RJ, Rizvi SHM, Zhou Y, Behrooz L, Robertson RM, Bhatnagar A, Conklin DJ, Hamburg NM. Pod-based e-liquids impair human vascular endothelial cell function. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280674. [PMID: 36701344 PMCID: PMC9879485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pod-based electronic (e-) cigarettes more efficiently deliver nicotine using a protonated formulation. The cardiovascular effects associated with these devices are poorly understood. We evaluated whether pod-based e-liquids and their individual components impair endothelial cell function. We isolated endothelial cells from people who are pod users (n = 10), tobacco never users (n = 7), and combustible cigarette users (n = 6). After a structured use, pod users had lower acetylcholine-mediated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation compared with never users and was similar to levels from combustible cigarette users (overall P = 0.008, P = 0.01 pod vs never; P = 0.96 pod vs combustible cigarette). The effects of pod-based e-cigarettes and their constituents on vascular cell function were further studied in commercially available human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) incubated with flavored JUUL e-liquids or propylene glycol (PG):vegetable glycerol (VG) at 30:70 ratio with or without 60 mg/mL nicotine salt for 90 min. A progressive increase in cell death with JUUL e-liquid exposure was observed across 0.0001-1% dilutions; PG:VG vehicle with and without nicotine salt induced cell death. A23187-stimulated nitric oxide production was decreased with all JUUL e-liquid flavors, PG:VG and nicotine salt exposures. Aerosols generated by JUUL e-liquid heating similarly decreased stimulated nitric oxide production. Only mint flavored e-liquids increased inflammation and menthol flavored e-liquids enhanced oxidative stress in HAECs. In conclusion, pod e-liquids and their individual components appear to impair endothelial cell function. These findings indicate the potential harm of pod-based devices on endothelial cell function and thus may be relevant to cardiovascular injury in pod type e-cigarette users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Majid
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Robert M. Weisbrod
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jessica L. Fetterman
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Rachel J. Keith
- University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Syed H. M. Rizvi
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yuxiang Zhou
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Leili Behrooz
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Conklin
- University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Naomi M. Hamburg
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Moeenfard M, Pena MJ, Barata P, Soares R, Costa R. Effect of Raw and Roasted Phoenix dactylifera L. Seed Polyphenols Extracts on Suppression of Angiogenesis in Endothelial Cells. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2022; 77:560-567. [PMID: 35982263 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-01003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Date seed is a by-product of Phoenix dactylifera L. fruit which is well recognized for its polyphenols content and numerous health-beneficial effects. Due to the increasing interest in natural phytochemicals with antioxidant activities, the present study aimed to extract polyphenols from both raw and roasted date seeds and investigate the anti-angiogenic effect of these two extracts (raw and roasted date seed polyphenols extracts (DSPE) at 25 and 50 µg/mL) using human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC). Our results showed that both raw and roasted DSPE suppressed some angiogenesis features in a dose-dependent manner including cell proliferation, migration, and capillary-like structure formation, of which raw DSPE was more potent inhibitor than roasted DSPE. Reduction in reactive oxygen species, as well as enhancement of superoxide dismutase activity occurred using both raw and roasted date seed polyphenols extracts. However, no changes were observed in advanced oxidation protein products versus control. Taken together, our data indicated that raw and roasted DSPE possess antioxidant activity, which suggested their potential use as a source of polyphenols with anti-angiogenic properties. Nevertheless, further studies are required to explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for their anti-angiogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Moeenfard
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maria João Pena
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Barata
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- LaBMI - Laboratório de Biotecnologia Médica e Industrial, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital 172, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Costa
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal.
- LaBMI - Laboratório de Biotecnologia Médica e Industrial, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital 172, Porto, Portugal.
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Agongo J, Armbruster M, Arnatt C, Edwards J. Analysis of endogenous metabolites using multifunctional derivatization and capillary RPLC-MS. Anal Methods 2022; 14:3397-3404. [PMID: 35980164 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01108e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneity in metabolite structure and charge state complicates their analysis in electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Complications such as diminished signal response and quantitation can be reduced by sequential dual-stage derivatization and capillary RP LC-ESI-MS analysis. Our sequential dual-stage chemical derivatization reacts analyte primary amine and hydroxyl groups with a linear acyl chloride head containing a tertiary amine moiety. Analyte carboxylate groups are then coupled to a linear amine tag with a tertiary amine moiety. This increase in the number of tags on analytes increases analyte proton affinity and hydrophobicity. We derivatized 250 metabolite standards which on average improved signal to noise by >44-fold, with an average limit of detection of 66 nM and R2 of 0.98. This system detected 107 metabolites from 18 BAECs, 111 metabolites from human urine, and 153 from human serum based on retention time, exact mass, and MS/MS matches from a derivatized standard library. As a proof of concept, aortic endothelial cells were treated with epinephrine and analyzed by the dual-stage derivatization. We observed changes in 32 metabolites with many increases related to energy metabolism, specifically in the TCA cycle. A decrease in lactate levels and corresponding increase in pyruvate levels suggest that epinephrine causes a movement away from glycolytic reliance on energy and a shift towards the more efficient TCA respiration for increasing energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Agongo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
| | - Michael Armbruster
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
| | - Christopher Arnatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
| | - James Edwards
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
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Arnau Del Valle C, Williams L, Thomas P, Johnson R, Raveenthiraraj S, Warren D, Sobolewski A, Muñoz MP, Galindo F, Marín MJ. A highly photostable and versatile two-photon fluorescent probe for the detection of a wide range of intracellular nitric oxide concentrations in macrophages and endothelial cells. J Photochem Photobiol B 2022; 234:112512. [PMID: 35850002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in many biological processes affecting the cardiovascular, nervous and immune systems. Intracellular NO can be monitored using fluorescent probes in combination with fluorescence imaging techniques. Most of the currently available NO fluorescent molecular probes are excited via one-photon excitation using UV or Vis light, which results in poor penetration and high photodamage to living tissues. Here, we report a two-photon fluorescent molecular probe, DANPY-NO, able to detect NO in live cells. The probe consists of an o-phenylenediamine linked to a naphthalimide core; and operates via photoinduced electron transfer. DANPY-NO exhibits good sensitivity (LOD of 77.8 nM) and high selectivity towards NO, and is stable over a broad range of pHs. The probe targeted acidic organelles within macrophages and endothelial cells, and demonstrated enhanced photostability over a commercially available NO probe. DANPY-NO was used to selectively detect endogenous NO in RAW264.7ϒ NO- macrophages, THP-1 human leukemic cells, primary mouse (bone marrow-derived) macrophages and endothelial cells. The probe was also able to detect exogenous NO in endothelial cells and distinguish between increasing concentrations of NO. The NO detection was evidenced using confocal laser scanning and two-photon microscopies, and flow cytometry. Further evidence was obtained by recording the changes in the intracellular fluorescence emission spectrum of the probe. Importantly, the probe displayed negligible toxicity to the analysed biological samples. The excellent sensitivity, selectivity, stability and versatility of DANPY-NO confirm its potential for in vitro and in vivo imaging of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Arnau Del Valle
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Lewis Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Paul Thomas
- Faculty of Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Robert Johnson
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Derek Warren
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Anastasia Sobolewski
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - María Paz Muñoz
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Francisco Galindo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castellón de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Li W, Zhang G, Tan S, Gong C, Yang Y, Gu M, Mi Z, Yang HY. Polyacylated Anthocyanins Derived from Red Radishes Protect Vascular Endothelial Cells Against Palmitic Acid-Induced Apoptosis via the p38 MAPK Pathway. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2022; 77:412-420. [PMID: 35794452 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-00969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA), a widely consumed saturated fat, is known to induce the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. This study examined the protective effect of anthocyanin from red radish (ARR), which has been shown to protect the cardiovascular system and is rich in polyacylated pelargonidin (P) glycosides, on PA-treated SV 40 transfected aortic rat endothelial cells (SVAREC). In all, 22 distinct anthocyanins were identified in the ARR via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, the most abundant of which were pelargonidin-3-(p-coumaroyl)diglucoside-5-glucoside (31.60%), pelargonidin-3-(feruloyl)diglucoside-5-(malonyl)glucoside (22.98%), pelargonidin-3-(p-coumaroyl)diglucoside-5-(malonyl)glucoside (8.02%), and pelargonidin-3-(feruloyl)diglucoside-5-glucoside (6.25%). P displayed the highest serum level (93.72%) in the ARR-treated mice, while polyacylated P glucosides were also absorbed intact. Furthermore, ARR treatment effectively increased cellular activity and reduced the ratio of Bcl-2-associated X protein : B cell lymphoma-2, while simultaneously alleviating the excessive production of reactive oxygen species in PA-treated SVAREC. Transcriptome and further verification analyses confirmed that the ARR-inhibiting PA-induced apoptosis of SVAREC was related to the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Our results are the first to demonstrate that ARR may be a promising phytochemical in the prevention of PA-induced endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, 408100, Chongqing, China
| | - Gen Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, 408100, Chongqing, China
| | - Si Tan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, 408100, Chongqing, China.
| | - Changqiu Gong
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, 408100, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunjiao Yang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, 408100, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengyuan Gu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, 408100, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Mi
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yangtze Normal University, 16 Juxian Road, Fuling district, 408100, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Y Yang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169, Changle-West road, 710032, Xi'an, China.
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van der Linden FH, Mahlandt EK, Arts JJG, Beumer J, Puschhof J, de Man SMA, Chertkova AO, Ponsioen B, Clevers H, van Buul JD, Postma M, Gadella TWJ, Goedhart J. A turquoise fluorescence lifetime-based biosensor for quantitative imaging of intracellular calcium. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7159. [PMID: 34887382 PMCID: PMC8660884 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The most successful genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) employ an intensity or ratiometric readout. Despite a large calcium-dependent change in fluorescence intensity, the quantification of calcium concentrations with GECIs is problematic, which is further complicated by the sensitivity of all GECIs to changes in the pH in the biological range. Here, we report on a sensing strategy in which a conformational change directly modifies the fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of a circular permutated turquoise fluorescent protein. The fluorescence lifetime is an absolute parameter that enables straightforward quantification, eliminating intensity-related artifacts. An engineering strategy that optimizes lifetime contrast led to a biosensor that shows a 3-fold change in the calcium-dependent quantum yield and a fluorescence lifetime change of 1.3 ns. We dub the biosensor Turquoise Calcium Fluorescence LIfeTime Sensor (Tq-Ca-FLITS). The response of the calcium sensor is insensitive to pH between 6.2-9. As a result, Tq-Ca-FLITS enables robust measurements of intracellular calcium concentrations by fluorescence lifetime imaging. We demonstrate quantitative imaging of calcium concentrations with the turquoise GECI in single endothelial cells and human-derived organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka H van der Linden
- Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eike K Mahlandt
- Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janine J G Arts
- Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Hematology at Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joep Beumer
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Puschhof
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia M A de Man
- Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna O Chertkova
- Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Ponsioen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap D van Buul
- Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Hematology at Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marten Postma
- Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theodorus W J Gadella
- Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Goedhart
- Section of Molecular Cytology, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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11
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Satta S, Lai A, Cavallero S, Williamson C, Chen J, Blázquez‐Medela AM, Roustaei M, Dillon BJ, Ashammakhi N, Carlo DD, Li Z, Sun R, Hsiai TK. Rapid Detection and Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2-Spike Mutation-Mediated Microthrombosis. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:e2103266. [PMID: 34687279 PMCID: PMC8646611 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Activation of endothelial cells following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is thought to be the primary driver for the increasingly recognized thrombotic complications in coronavirus disease 2019 patients, potentially due to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein binding to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2). Vaccination therapies use the same Spike sequence or protein to boost host immune response as a protective mechanism against SARS-CoV-2 infection. As a result, cases of thrombotic events are reported following vaccination. Although vaccines are generally considered safe, due to genetic heterogeneity, age, or the presence of comorbidities in the population worldwide, the prediction of severe adverse outcome in patients remains a challenge. To elucidate Spike proteins underlying patient-specific-vascular thrombosis, the human microcirculation environment is recapitulated using a novel microfluidic platform coated with human endothelial cells and exposed to patient specific whole blood. Here, the blood coagulation effect is tested after exposure to Spike protein in nanoparticles and Spike variant D614G in viral vectors and the results are corroborated using live SARS-CoV-2. Of note, two potential strategies are also examined to reduce blood clot formation, by using nanoliposome-hACE2 and anti-Interleukin (IL) 6 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Satta
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Angela Lai
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Susana Cavallero
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Department of MedicineVeterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare SystemLos AngelesCA90073USA
| | - Cayden Williamson
- Department of BioengineeringHenry Samueli School of Engineering & Applied ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Justin Chen
- Department of BioengineeringHenry Samueli School of Engineering & Applied ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Ana M. Blázquez‐Medela
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Mehrdad Roustaei
- Department of BioengineeringHenry Samueli School of Engineering & Applied ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Barbara J. Dillon
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Department of BioengineeringHenry Samueli School of Engineering & Applied ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Department of BioengineeringHenry Samueli School of Engineering & Applied ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Department of MedicineVeterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare SystemLos AngelesCA90073USA
- Division of Clinical NutritionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Ren Sun
- Department of Molecular and Medical PharmacologyDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
- School of Biomedical SciencesLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Tzung K. Hsiai
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Department of MedicineVeterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare SystemLos AngelesCA90073USA
- Department of BioengineeringHenry Samueli School of Engineering & Applied ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
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12
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Ehrlich AT, Semache M, Couvineau P, Wojcik S, Kobayashi H, Thelen M, Gross F, Hogue M, Le Gouill C, Darcq E, Bouvier M, Kieffer BL. Ackr3-Venus knock-in mouse lights up brain vasculature. Mol Brain 2021; 14:151. [PMID: 34583741 PMCID: PMC8477500 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00862-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The atypical chemokine receptor 3, ACKR3, is a G protein-coupled receptor, which does not couple to G proteins but recruits βarrestins. At present, ACKR3 is considered a target for cancer and cardiovascular disorders, but less is known about the potential of ACKR3 as a target for brain disease. Further, mouse lines have been created to identify cells expressing the receptor, but there is no tool to visualize and study the receptor itself under physiological conditions. Here, we engineered a knock-in (KI) mouse expressing a functional ACKR3-Venus fusion protein to directly detect the receptor, particularly in the adult brain. In HEK-293 cells, native and fused receptors showed similar membrane expression, ligand induced trafficking and signaling profiles, indicating that the Venus fusion does not alter receptor signaling. We also found that ACKR3-Venus enables direct real-time monitoring of receptor trafficking using resonance energy transfer. In ACKR3-Venus knock-in mice, we found normal ACKR3 mRNA levels in the brain, suggesting intact gene transcription. We fully mapped receptor expression across 14 peripheral organs and 112 brain areas and found that ACKR3 is primarily localized to the vasculature in these tissues. In the periphery, receptor distribution aligns with previous reports. In the brain there is notable ACKR3 expression in endothelial vascular cells, hippocampal GABAergic interneurons and neuroblast neighboring cells. In conclusion, we have generated Ackr3-Venus knock-in mice with a traceable ACKR3 receptor, which will be a useful tool to the research community for interrogations about ACKR3 biology and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliza T Ehrlich
- Douglas Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
- University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Meriem Semache
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Domain Therapeutics North America, Montréal, Québec, H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Pierre Couvineau
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Stefan Wojcik
- Douglas Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Florence Gross
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Domain Therapeutics North America, Montréal, Québec, H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Mireille Hogue
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Christian Le Gouill
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Darcq
- Douglas Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- INSERM U1114, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Douglas Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
- INSERM U1114, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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13
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Jani VP, Asaro R, Oronsky B, Cabrales P. RRx-001 Increases Erythrocyte Preferential Adhesion to the Tumor Vasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094713. [PMID: 33946824 PMCID: PMC8124275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) serve a variety of functions beyond mere oxygen transport both in health and pathology. Notably, RRx-001, a minimally toxic pleiotropic anticancer agent with macrophage activating and vascular normalization properties currently in Phase III trials, induces modification to RBCs which could promote vascular adhesion similar to sickle cells. This study assessed whether RBCs exposed to RRx-001 adhere to the tumor microvasculature and whether this adhesion alters tumor viability. We next investigated the biomechanics of RBC adhesion in the context of local inflammatory cytokines after treatment with RRx-001 as a potential mechanism for preferential tumor aggregation. Human HEP-G2 and HT-29 tumor cells were subcutaneously implanted into nu/nu mice and were infused with RRx-001-treated and Technetium-99m (99mTc)-labeled blood. RBC adhesion was quantified in an in vitro human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) assay under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions with administration of either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Tumor necrosis alpha (TNFα) to mimic the known inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. One hour following administration of 99mTc labeled RBCs treated with 10 mg/kg RRx-001, we observed an approximate 2.0-fold and 1.5-fold increase in 99mTc-labeled RBCs compared to vehicle control in HEPG2 and HT-29 tumor models, respectively. Furthermore, we observed an approximate 40% and 36% decrease in HEP-G2 and HT-29 tumor weight, respectively, following treatment with RRx-001. To quantify RBC adhesive potential, we determined τ50, or the shear stress required for 50% disassociation of RBCs from HUVECs. After administration of TNF-α under normoxia, τ50 was determined to be 4.5 dynes/cm2 (95% CI: 4.3-4.7 dynes/cm2) for RBCs treated with 10 μM RRx-001, which was significantly different (p < 0.05) from τ50 in the absence of treatment. Under hypoxic conditions, the difference of τ50 with (4.8 dynes/cm2; 95% CI: 4.6-5.1 dynes/cm2) and without (2.6 dynes/cm2; 95% CI: 2.4-2.8 dynes/cm2) 10 μM RRx-001 treatment was exacerbated (p = 0.05). In conclusion, we demonstrated that RBCs treated with RRx-001 preferentially aggregate in HEP-G2 and HT-29 tumors, likely due to interactions between RRx-001 and cysteine residues within RBCs. Furthermore, RRx-001 treated RBCs demonstrated increased adhesive potential to endothelial cells upon introduction of TNF-α and hypoxia suggesting that RRx-001 may induce preferential adhesion in the tumor but not in other tissues with endothelial dysfunction due to conditions prevalent in older cancer patients such as heart disease or diabetic vasculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay P. Jani
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Robert Asaro
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Bryan Oronsky
- EpicentRx Inc., 4445 Eastgate Mall, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA;
| | - Pedro Cabrales
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-858-534-5847
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14
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Brčić I, Spasić S, England JS, Zuo Y, Velez-Torres J, Diaz-Perez JA, Gorkiewicz G, Rosenberg AE. Clear Cell Change in Reactive Angiogenesis: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall. Am J Surg Pathol 2021; 45:531-536. [PMID: 33002917 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reactive angiogenesis is commonplace, occurs in many circumstances, and is important in the repair of injured tissue. Histologically, it is characterized by newly formed capillaries arranged in a lobular architecture and lined by plump endothelial cells. We have encountered a form of reactive angiogenesis not well described; composed of large endothelial cells with abundant clear cytoplasm that causes diagnostic challenges. The cohort includes 10 patients, aged 4 to 61, mean 40 years; 7 males, 3 females. One case involved bone (ilium), and 9 involved soft tissue: fingers (n=2), toes (n=2), hip joint (n=1), shoulder (n=1), thigh (n=2), and anal mucosa (n=1). Clinically, the patients had chronic ulcers, osteomyelitis, or localized infection. All cases exhibited a lobular proliferation of capillaries lined by large polyhedral endothelial cells that obscured the vessel lumens and were admixed with acute and chronic inflammation. The endothelial nuclei were vesicular with small nucleoli and the cytoplasm was abundant and clear or palely eosinophilic. The endothelial cells were stained with CD31 and ERG (7/7 cases), CD34 (6/6), FLI1 (4/4), and were negative for keratin and CD68 (6/6). Periodic acid-Schiff stain and periodic acid-Schiff stain-diastase on 3 cases did not demonstrate glycogen. Using a polymerase chain reaction, no Bartonella henselae was found in all 6 cases tested. Reactive angiogenesis with clear cell change unassociated with Bartonella spp. has not been described. It causes diagnostic challenges and the differential diagnosis includes benign and malignant tumors, as well as unusual infections. It is important to distinguish between these possibilities because of the significant impact on treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Brčić
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Smiljana Spasić
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Jonathan S England
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Yiqin Zuo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Jaylou Velez-Torres
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Julio A Diaz-Perez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Gregor Gorkiewicz
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrew E Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
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15
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De Stefano A, Caporali S, Di Daniele N, Rovella V, Cardillo C, Schinzari F, Minieri M, Pieri M, Candi E, Bernardini S, Tesauro M, Terrinoni A. Anti-Inflammatory and Proliferative Properties of Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1321. [PMID: 33525692 PMCID: PMC7865871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids display a broad range of structures and are responsible for the major organoleptic characteristics of plant-derived foods and beverages. Recent data showed their activity, and in particular of luteolin-7-O-glucoside (LUT-7G), in reduction of oxidative stress and inflammatory mechanisms in different physiological systems. In this paper, we tried to elucidate how LUT-7G could exert both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in endothelial cells cultured in vitro. Here, we showed that LUT-7G is able to inhibit the STAT3 pathway, to have an antiproliferative action, and an important antioxidant property in HUVEC cells. These properties are exerted by the flavone in endothelial through the transcriptional repression of a number of inflammatory cytokines and their receptors, and by the inhibition of ROS generation. ROS and STAT3 activation has been correlated with the production of oxysterols and other hydroxylated fatty acids, and they have been recognized important as players of atherogenesis and cardiocirculatory system diseases. The analysis of the general production pathway of these hydroxylated species, showed a strong decrease of cholesterol hydroxylated species such as 7-alpha-hydroxicholesterol, 7-beta-hydroxicholesterol by the treatment with LUT-7G. This confirms the anti-inflammatory properties of LUT-7G also in the endothelial district, showing for the first time the molecular pathway that verify previous postulated cardiovascular benefits of this flavone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro De Stefano
- Centre of Space Biomedicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (N.D.D.); (V.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Sabrina Caporali
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Centre of Space Biomedicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (N.D.D.); (V.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Centre of Space Biomedicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (N.D.D.); (V.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Carmine Cardillo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Cattolica University of Rome, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Schinzari
- Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marilena Minieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Massimo Pieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, IDI-IRCCS Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernardini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Centre of Space Biomedicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (N.D.D.); (V.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Alessandro Terrinoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (S.B.)
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16
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Chittezhath M, Wai CMM, Tay VSY, Chua M, Langley SR, Ali Y. TLR4 signals through islet macrophages to alter cytokine secretion during diabetes. J Endocrinol 2020; 247:87. [PMID: 32755994 DOI: 10.1530/joe-20-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), particularly TLR4, may act as immune sensors for metabolic stress signals such as lipids and link tissue metabolic changes to innate immunity. TLR signalling is not only tissue-dependent but also cell-type dependent and recent studies suggest that TLRs are not restricted to innate immune cells alone. Pancreatic islets, a hub of metabolic hormones and cytokines, respond to TLR signalling. However, the source of TLR signalling within the islet remain poorly understood. Uncovering the specific cell source and its role in mediating TLR signalling, especially within type 2 diabetes (T2D) islet will yield new targets to tackle islet inflammation, hormone secretion dysregulation and ultimately diabetes. In the present study, we immuno-characterised TLRs linked to pancreatic islets in both healthy and obese diabetic mice. We found that while TLRs1-4 and TLR9 were expressed in mouse islets, these TLRs did not co-localise with insulin-producing β-cells. β-Cells from obese diabetic mice were also devoid of these TLRs. While TLR immunoreactivity in obese mice islets increased, this was driven mostly by increased islet endothelial cell and islet macrophage presence. Analysis of human islet single-cell RNA-seq databases revealed that macrophages were an important source of islet TLRs. However, only TLR4 and TLR8 showed variation and cell-type specificity in their expression patterns. Cell depletion experiments in isolated mouse islets showed that TLR4 signalled through macrophages to alter islet cytokine secretome. Together, these studies suggest that islet macrophages are a dominant source of TLR4-mediated signalling in both healthy and diabetic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesh Chittezhath
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cho M M Wai
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vanessa S Y Tay
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Minni Chua
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sarah R Langley
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yusuf Ali
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Joyee EB, Szmelter A, Eddington D, Pan Y. Magnetic Field-Assisted Stereolithography for Productions of Multimaterial Hierarchical Surface Structures. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:42357-42368. [PMID: 32815365 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural organisms provide inspirations for various functional structures and surfaces with significant applications in multidisciplinary fields. These biological systems are generally composed of multiscale surface structures with high geometric complexity and a variety of materials, making it challenging to replicate their characteristics in engineering. This study presents a novel multiscale multimaterial 3D printing method, magnetic field-assisted stereolithography (M-SL), for fabricating hierarchical particle-polymer structures with surface features ranging from a few nanometers to millimeters or even centimeters. Taking inspiration from nature, this study describes the design and fabrication of a bioinspired multiscale hierarchical surface structure, which is characterized of microscale cones, nanoscale pores, and surface wrinkles at a few nanometers. To understand the fundamental physics underlying the hierarchical surface structure fabrication in the proposed M-SL process, the complexities among the M-SL process parameters, material parameters, and printed geometries are discussed. The accuracy of the developed printing method is investigated by comparing the printed geometries and digital designs. Effects of the printed hierarchical surface structure on hydrophobicity and cell viability were characterized and discussed. It was found that the highly hierarchical surface structure changed the polymer composite surface from hydrophilic (contact angle: ∼38°) to hydrophobic (∼146°). In addition, the hierarchical surface structure also created a better environment for cell attachment and growth, with 900% more living cells at 72 h after cell seeding, compared with cells on the nonstructured smooth surface. Local and selective cell seeding can also be enabled by the surface structure design. Experimental results validated the effectiveness of the M-SL 3D printing method on fabricating multimaterial functional objects with hierarchically structured surfaces for a wide spectrum of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erina Baynojir Joyee
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60607-7042 Illinois, United States
| | - Adam Szmelter
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60607-7042 Illinois, United States
| | - David Eddington
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60607-7042 Illinois, United States
| | - Yayue Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60607-7042 Illinois, United States
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18
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Miao X, Jin C, Zhong Y, Feng J, Yan C, Xia X, Zhang Y, Peng X. Data-Independent Acquisition-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Protective Effect of Apigenin on Palmitate-Induced Lipotoxicity in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:8836-8846. [PMID: 32687348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ingestion of excessive free fatty acid could induce lipotoxicity in tissues and then lead to the initiation of many metabolism diseases. In this work, the protective effect of apigenin on palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) was investigated. Compared with 150 μM palmitate treatment alone, pretreatment with 10 μM apigenin for 6 h significantly increased the cell viability from 71.55 ± 3.62 to 91.06 ± 4.30% and improved mitochondrial membrane potential to the normal level (101.62 ± 11.72% of control). In addition, the production of nitric oxide was markedly elevated by apigenin cotreatment from 7.10 ± 3.95 to 94.20 ± 21.86%. The data-independent acquisition-based proteomic approach was used to study the protective mechanism, and the results revealed that 242 proteins were differently expressed in cells treated with palmitate and 93 proteins were reversed after apigenin supplementation. Apigenin realized its protective function mainly via regulating pathways such as IL-17, TNF, Fox O, cell adhesion, and endoplasmic reticulum protein processing. Collectively, these data demonstrated that apigenin supplement may serve as an alternative nutritional intervention to protect HAEC against lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Miao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chengni Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yujie Zhong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiayu Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chunhong Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaoli Peng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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19
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Sowers JR, Habibi J, Jia G, Bostick B, Manrique-Acevedo C, Lastra G, Yang Y, Chen D, Sun Z, Domeier TL, Durante W, Whaley-Connell AT, Hill MA, Jaisser F, DeMarco VG, Aroor AR. Endothelial sodium channel activation promotes cardiac stiffness and diastolic dysfunction in Western diet fed female mice. Metabolism 2020; 109:154223. [PMID: 32275972 PMCID: PMC7676474 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is associated with myocardial fibrosis and impaired diastolic relaxation, abnormalities that are especially prevalent in women. Normal coronary vascular endothelial function is integral in mediating diastolic relaxation, and recent work suggests increased activation of the endothelial cell (EC) mineralocorticoid receptor (ECMR) is associated with impaired diastolic relaxation. As the endothelial Na+ channel (EnNaC) is a downstream target of the ECMR, we sought to determine whether EC-specific deletion of the critical alpha subunit, αEnNaC, would prevent diet induced-impairment of diastolic relaxation in female mice. METHODS AND MATERIALS Female αEnNaC KO mice and littermate controls were fed a Western diet (WD) high in fat (46%), fructose corn syrup (17.5%) and sucrose (17.5%) for 12-16 weeks. Measurements were conducted for in vivo cardiac function, in vitro cardiomyocyte stiffness and EnNaC activity in primary cultured ECs. Additional biochemical studies examined indicators of oxidative stress, including aspects of antioxidant Nrf2 signaling, in cardiac tissue. RESULTS Deletion of αEnNaC in female mice fed a WD significantly attenuated WD mediated impairment in diastolic relaxation. Improved cardiac relaxation was accompanied by decreased EnNaC-mediated Na+ currents in ECs and reduced myocardial oxidative stress. Further, deletion of αEnNaC prevented WD-mediated increases in isolated cardiomyocyte stiffness. CONCLUSION Collectively, these findings support the notion that WD feeding in female mice promotes activation of EnNaC in the vasculature leading to increased cardiomyocyte stiffness and diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Sowers
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Javad Habibi
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Guanghong Jia
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Brian Bostick
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Guido Lastra
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Yan Yang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Dongqing Chen
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Zhe Sun
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Timothy L Domeier
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - William Durante
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Adam T Whaley-Connell
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Michael A Hill
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Frederic Jaisser
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Sorbonne University, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Vincent G DeMarco
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Annayya R Aroor
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, 800 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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20
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Abstract
Vascular endothelia are covered with a dense glycocalix that is heavily sialylated. Sialylation of vascular glycoconjugates is involved in the regulation of cell-cell interactions, be it among endothelial cells at cell junctions or between endothelial and blood-borne cells. It also plays important roles in modulating the binding of soluble ligands and the signaling by vascular receptors. Here, we provide an overview over the sialylation-function relationships of glycoproteins expressed in the blood and lymphatic vasculature. We first describe cellular interactions in which sialic acid contributes in a stereospecific manner to glycan epitopes recognized by glycan-binding proteins. Our major focus is however on the rarely discussed examples of vascular glycoproteins whose biological functions are modulated by sialylation through other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco D’Addio
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Frey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vivianne I Otto
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Jeon H, Kang SK, Lee MS. Effects of different separation methods on the physical and functional properties of extracellular vesicles. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235793. [PMID: 32634162 PMCID: PMC7340315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles secreted from cells. They have crucial biological functions in intercellular communications and may even be biomarkers for cancer. The various methods used to isolate EVs from body fluid and cell culture supernatant have been compared in prior studies, which determined that the component yield and physical properties of isolated EVs depend largely on the isolation method used. Several novel and combined methods have been recently developed, which have not yet been compared to the established methods. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the physical and functional differences in EVs isolated using a differential centrifugation method, the precipitation-based Invitrogen kit, the ExoLutE kit, and the Exodisc, of which the latter two were recently developed. We investigated the properties of EVs isolated from non-infected and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells using each method and determined the yields of DNA, RNA, and proteins using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and bicinchoninic acid assays. Additionally, we determined whether the biological activity of EVs correlated with the quantity or physical properties of the EVs isolated using different methods. We found that Exodisc was the most suitable method for obtaining large quantities of EVs, which might be useful for biomarker investigations, and that the EVs separated using Exodisc exhibited the highest complement activation activity. However, we also found that the functional properties of EVs were best maintained when differential centrifugation was used. Effective isolation is necessary to study EVs as tools for diagnosing cancer and our findings may have relevant implications in the field of oncology by providing researchers with data to assist their selection of a suitable isolation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungtaek Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Su-Kyung Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Myung-Shin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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22
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Angulo-Urarte A, van der Wal T, Huveneers S. Cell-cell junctions as sensors and transducers of mechanical forces. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2020; 1862:183316. [PMID: 32360073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial and endothelial monolayers are multicellular sheets that form barriers between the 'outside' and 'inside' of tissues. Cell-cell junctions, made by adherens junctions, tight junctions and desmosomes, hold together these monolayers. They form intercellular contacts by binding their receptor counterparts on neighboring cells and anchoring these structures intracellularly to the cytoskeleton. During tissue development, maintenance and pathogenesis, monolayers encounter a range of mechanical forces from the cells themselves and from external systemic forces, such as blood pressure or tissue stiffness. The molecular landscape of cell-cell junctions is diverse, containing transmembrane proteins that form intercellular bonds and a variety of cytoplasmic proteins that remodel the junctional connection to the cytoskeleton. Many junction-associated proteins participate in mechanotransduction cascades to confer mechanical cues into cellular responses that allow monolayers to maintain their structural integrity. We will discuss force-dependent junctional molecular events and their role in cell-cell contact organization and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Angulo-Urarte
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tanne van der Wal
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Huveneers
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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23
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Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves to protect and regulate the CNS microenvironment. The development of an in-vitro mimic of the BBB requires recapitulating the correct phenotype of the in-vivo BBB, particularly for drug permeation studies. However the majority of widely used BBB models demonstrate low transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and poor BBB phenotype. The application of shear stress is known to enhance tight junction formation and hence improve the barrier function. We utilised a high TEER primary porcine brain microvascular endothelial cell (PBMEC) culture to assess the impact of shear stress on barrier formation using the Kirkstall QuasiVivo 600 (QV600) multi-chamber perfusion system. The application of shear stress resulted in a reorientation and enhancement of tight junction formation on both coverslip and permeable inserts, in addition to enhancing and maintaining TEER for longer, when compared to static conditions. Furthermore, the functional consequences of this was demonstrated with the reduction in flux of mitoxantrone across PBMEC monolayers. The QV600 perfusion system may service as a viable tool to enhance and maintain the high TEER PBMEC system for use in in-vitro BBB models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Elbakary
- Applied Health Research Group, Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, United Kingdom
- Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Raj K S Badhan
- Applied Health Research Group, Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, United Kingdom.
- Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, United Kingdom.
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24
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Veverkova J, Bartkova D, Weiser A, Dlouhy A, Babula P, Stepka P, Pavkova Goldbergova M. Effect of Ni ion release on the cells in contact with NiTi alloys. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:7934-7942. [PMID: 31893362 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07506-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nickel-titanium alloys have been used in medical applications for several years; however, biocompatibility of the material remains controversial. In the present study, the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured in contact with the nitinol used in two different heat treatment surface modifications-helium and hydrogen. The amount of Ni ions released from these alloys in contact with HUVEC was measured in media and in the cells by ICP-MS. An increased release of Ni ions was detected in He alloy compared with H2 alloy modification with an elevation with the metal exposition duration (24 h vs. 72 h). The cells contained the Ni ions in both selected alloy modifications with the lower levels in H2 alloys. To evaluate the potential of multiple metal applications, similar values were observed in media and in cell suspension for all surface modification combinations. The model analysis of effect of metal ion release on distant cells in the body showed that the concentration is interestingly similar to concentrations in cells in direct contact with the metal alloy. The cells are able to regulate the concentration of Ni ions within the cell. According to our best knowledge, the study for the first time describes the presence of Ni ions released from nitinol directly in the cells. In the case of the H2 modification, the lowest levels of Ni ions were detected both in medium and in the cells, which likely increases the biocompatibility of the nitinol alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Veverkova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Bartkova
- Academy of Sciences CR, Institute of Physics of Materials, Zizkova 22, 616 62, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Weiser
- Academy of Sciences CR, Institute of Physics of Materials, Zizkova 22, 616 62, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Dlouhy
- Academy of Sciences CR, Institute of Physics of Materials, Zizkova 22, 616 62, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Stepka
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Pavkova Goldbergova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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25
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Hunt NJ, Lockwood GP, Le Couteur FH, McCourt PAG, Singla N, Kang SWS, Burgess A, Kuncic Z, Le Couteur DG, Cogger VC. Rapid Intestinal Uptake and Targeted Delivery to the Liver Endothelium Using Orally Administered Silver Sulfide Quantum Dots. ACS Nano 2020; 14:1492-1507. [PMID: 31976646 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are used for imaging and transport of therapeutics. Here we demonstrate rapid absorption across the small intestine and targeted delivery of QDs with bound materials to the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) or hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo following oral administration. QDs were radiolabeled with 3H-oleic acid, with a fluorescent tag or 14C-metformin placed within a drug binding site. Three different biopolymer shell coatings were compared (formaldehyde-treated serum albumin (FSA), gelatin, heparin). Passage across the small intestine into mesenteric veins is mediated by clathrin endocytosis and micropinocytosis. 60% of an oral dose of QDs was rapidly distributed to the liver within 30 min, and this increased to 85% with FSA biopolymer coating. Uptake into LSECs also increased 3-fold with FSA coating, while uptake into hepatocytes was increased from 40% to 85% with gelatin biopolymer coating. Localization of QDs to LSECs was confirmed with immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. 85% of QDs were cleared within 24 h of administration. The bioavailability of 14C-metformin 2 h post-ingestion was increased 5-fold by conjugation with QD-FSA, while uptake of metformin into LSECs was improved 50-fold by using these QDs. Endocytosis of QDs by SK-Hep1 cells (an LSEC immortal cell line) was via clathrin- and caveolae-mediated pathways with QDs taken up into lysosomes. In conclusion, we have shown high specificity targeting of the LSEC or hepatocytes after oral administration of QDs coated with a biopolymer layer of FSA or gelatin, which improved the bioavailability and delivery of metformin to LSECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Hunt
- ANZAC Research Institute , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Aging and Alzheimer's Institute and Centre for Education and Research on Ageing , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Glen P Lockwood
- ANZAC Research Institute , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Aging and Alzheimer's Institute and Centre for Education and Research on Ageing , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Frank H Le Couteur
- ANZAC Research Institute , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
| | - Peter A G McCourt
- Charles Perkins Centre , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
- Department of Medical Biology , University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø 9037 , Norway
| | - Nidhi Singla
- Nano Institute , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Sun Woo Sophie Kang
- ANZAC Research Institute , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Aging and Alzheimer's Institute and Centre for Education and Research on Ageing , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Andrew Burgess
- ANZAC Research Institute , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Zdenka Kuncic
- Charles Perkins Centre , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
- School of Physics , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
- Nano Institute , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- ANZAC Research Institute , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Aging and Alzheimer's Institute and Centre for Education and Research on Ageing , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- ANZAC Research Institute , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Aging and Alzheimer's Institute and Centre for Education and Research on Ageing , Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Concord , New South Wales 2139 , Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre , The University of Sydney , Sydney , New South Wales 2006 , Australia
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26
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Hayashi Y, Takamiya M, Jensen PB, Ojea-Jiménez I, Claude H, Antony C, Kjaer-Sorensen K, Grabher C, Boesen T, Gilliland D, Oxvig C, Strähle U, Weiss C. Differential Nanoparticle Sequestration by Macrophages and Scavenger Endothelial Cells Visualized in Vivo in Real-Time and at Ultrastructural Resolution. ACS Nano 2020; 14:1665-1681. [PMID: 31922724 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the common knowledge that the reticuloendothelial system is largely responsible for blood clearance of systemically administered nanoparticles, the sequestration mechanism remains a "black box". Using transgenic zebrafish embryos with cell type-specific fluorescent reporters and fluorescently labeled model nanoparticles (70 nm SiO2), we here demonstrate simultaneous three-color in vivo imaging of intravenously injected nanoparticles, macrophages, and scavenger endothelial cells (SECs). The trafficking processes were further revealed at ultrastructural resolution by transmission electron microscopy. We also find, using a correlative light-electron microscopy approach, that macrophages rapidly sequester nanoparticles via membrane adhesion and endocytosis (including macropinocytosis) within minutes after injection. In contrast, SECs trap single nanoparticles via scavenger receptor-mediated endocytosis, resulting in gradual sequestration with a time scale of hours. Inhibition of the scavenger receptors prevented SECs from accumulating nanoparticles but enhanced uptake in macrophages, indicating the competitive nature of nanoparticle clearance in vivo. To directly quantify the relative contributions of the two cell types to overall nanoparticle sequestration, the differential sequestration kinetics was studied within the first 30 min post-injection. This revealed a much higher and increasing relative contribution of SECs, as they by far outnumber macrophages in zebrafish embryos, suggesting the importance of the macrophage:SECs ratio in a given tissue. Further characterizing macrophages on their efficiency in nanoparticle clearance, we show that inflammatory stimuli diminish the uptake of nanoparticles per cell. Our study demonstrates the strength of transgenic zebrafish embryos for intravital real-time and ultrastructural imaging of nanomaterials that may provide mechanistic insights into nanoparticle clearance in rodent models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 10 , 8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Masanari Takamiya
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Pia Bomholt Jensen
- iNANO Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Isaac Ojea-Jiménez
- Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , European Commission Joint Research Centre , Via E. Fermi 2749 , 21027 Ispra , Varese , Italy
| | - Hélicia Claude
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Claude Antony
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Kasper Kjaer-Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 10 , 8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Clemens Grabher
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Thomas Boesen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 10 , 8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
- iNANO Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Douglas Gilliland
- Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , European Commission Joint Research Centre , Via E. Fermi 2749 , 21027 Ispra , Varese , Italy
| | - Claus Oxvig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 10 , 8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Uwe Strähle
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Carsten Weiss
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
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27
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Kachamakova-Trojanowska N, Stepniewski J, Dulak J. Human iPSCs-Derived Endothelial Cells with Mutation in HNF1A as a Model of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111440. [PMID: 31739614 PMCID: PMC6912300 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with HNF1A-maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) often develop endothelial dysfunction and related microvascular complications, like retinopathy. As the clinical phenotype of HNF1A-MODY diabetes varies considerably, we used human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from two healthy individuals (control) to generate isogenic lines with mutation in HNF1A gene. Subsequently, control hiPSCs and their respective HNF1A clones were differentiated toward endothelial cells (hiPSC-ECs) and different markers/functions were compared. Human iPSC-ECs from all cell lines showed similar expression of CD31 and Tie-2. VE-cadherin expression was lower in HNF1A-mutated isogenic lines, but only in clones derived from one control hiPSCs. In the other isogenic set and cells derived from HNF1A-MODY patients, no difference in VE-cadherin expression was observed, suggesting the impact of the genetic background on this endothelial marker. All tested hiPSC-ECs showed an expected angiogenic response regardless of the mutation introduced. Isogenic hiPSC-ECs responded similarly to stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α with the increase in ICAM-1 and permeability, however, HNF1A mutated hiPSC-ECs showed higher permeability in comparison to the control cells. Summarizing, both mono- and biallelic mutations of HNF1A in hiPSC-ECs lead to increased permeability in response to TNF-α in normal glycemic conditions, which may have relevance to HNF1A-MODY microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neli Kachamakova-Trojanowska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48126646412
| | - Jacek Stepniewski
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Jozef Dulak
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
- Kardio-Med Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J Taatjes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - Jürgen Roth
- University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
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Yamada NO, Heishima K, Akao Y, Senda T. Extracellular Vesicles Containing MicroRNA-92a-3p Facilitate Partial Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Angiogenesis in Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184406. [PMID: 31500278 PMCID: PMC6769671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometer-sized membranous vesicles used for primitive cell-to-cell communication. We previously reported that colon cancer-derived EVs contain abundant miR-92a-3p and have a pro-angiogenic function. We previously identified Dickkopf-3 (Dkk-3) as a direct target of miR-92a-3p; however, the pro-angiogenic function of miR-92a-3p cannot only be attributed to downregulation of Dkk-3. Therefore, the complete molecular mechanism by which miR-92a-3p exerts pro-angiogenic effects is still unclear. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the gene sets affected by ectopic expression of miR-92a-3p in endothelial cells to elucidate processes underlying EV-induced angiogenesis. We found that the ectopic expression of miR-92a-3p upregulated cell cycle- and mitosis-related gene expression and downregulated adhesion-related gene expression in endothelial cells. We also identified a novel target gene of miR-92a-3p, claudin-11. Claudin-11 belongs to the claudin gene family, which encodes essential components expressed at tight junctions (TJs). Disruption of TJs with a concomitant loss of claudin expression is a significant event in the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Our findings have unveiled a new EV-mediated mechanism for tumor angiogenesis through the induction of partial endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami O Yamada
- Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Heishima
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takao Senda
- Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
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Xu JF, Han C, Xu QQ, Wang XB, Zhao HJ, Xue GM, Luo JG, Kong LY. Isolation, Chiral-Phase Resolution, and Determination of the Absolute Configurations of a Complete Series of Stereoisomers of a Rearranged Acetophenone with Three Stereocenters. J Nat Prod 2019; 82:1399-1404. [PMID: 30998015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A synthesis-inspired chemical investigation of the leaves of Melicope ptelefolia led to the isolation of evodialones A-D (1-4), four rearranged acetophenone stereoisomers possessing a prenylated acylcyclopentenone skeleton with three stereogenic carbons. Evodialones C and D (3 and 4) are new minor constituents. The chiral-phase HPLC resolution gave (+)-1-4 and (-)-1-4, eight enantiomers forming a complete stereoisomer library. Their absolute configurations were elucidated via extensive spectroscopic data and a modified Mosher's method. The relationship between the chiral structures and their NMR and ECD data is discussed. Compounds (±)-1, -2, and -4 have significant protective effects on high-glucose-induced oxidative stress in human vein endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tong Jia Xiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tong Jia Xiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Qi Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tong Jia Xiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tong Jia Xiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Jun Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tong Jia Xiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Min Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tong Jia Xiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tong Jia Xiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tong Jia Xiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
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Song H, Li X, Zhao Z, Qian J, Wang Y, Cui J, Weng W, Cao L, Chen X, Hu Y, Su J. Reversal of Osteoporotic Activity by Endothelial Cell-Secreted Bone Targeting and Biocompatible Exosomes. Nano Lett 2019; 19:3040-3048. [PMID: 30968694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, also known as extracellular vesicles, are naturally occurring, biocompatible, and bioacive nanoparticles ranging from 40 to 150 nm in diameter. Bone-secreted exosomes play important roles in bone homeostasis, the interruption of which can lead to diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteopetrosis. Though the relationship between vascular and bone homeostasis has been recognized recently, the role of vascular endothelial cell (EC)-secreted exosomes (EC-Exos) in bone homeostasis is not well understood. Herein, we found that EC-Exos show more efficient bone targeting than osteoblast-derived exosomes or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes. We also found that EC-Exos can be internalized by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) to alter their morphology. EC-Exos can inhibit osteoclast activity in vitro and inhibit osteoporosis in an ovariectomized mouse model. Sequencing of exosome miRNA revealed that miR-155 was highly expressed in EC-Exos-treated BMMs. The miR-155 level in EC-Exos was much higher than that in BMMs and ECs, indicating that miR-155 was endogenous cargo of EC-derived vesicles. Blockage of BMMs miR-155 levels reversed the suppression by EC-Exos of osteoclast induction, confirming that exosomal miR-155 may have therapeutic potential against osteoporosis. Taken together, our findings suggest that EC-Exos may be utilized as a bone targeting and nontoxic nanomedicine for the treatment of bone resorption disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200080 , China
| | - Xiaoqun Li
- Graduate Management Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | | | - Jin Qian
- The 11th Team of the fourth Brigade of the Basic Medical Department , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
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Dong X, Gao J, Zhang CY, Hayworth C, Frank M, Wang Z. Neutrophil Membrane-Derived Nanovesicles Alleviate Inflammation To Protect Mouse Brain Injury from Ischemic Stroke. ACS Nano 2019; 13:1272-1283. [PMID: 30673266 PMCID: PMC6424134 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is an acute and severe neurological disease, resulting in disability and death. Reperfusion to an ischemic brain is a means to reverse brain damage after stroke; however, this causes secondary tissue damage induced by inflammation responses, called ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells underlies the initiation of inflammation in I/R. Inspired by this interaction, we report a drug delivery system comprised of neutrophil membrane-derived nanovesicles loaded with Resolvin D2 (RvD2) that can enhance resolution of inflammation, thus protecting brain damage during ischemic stroke. In the study, the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model was developed to mimic ischemic stroke. Using intravital microscopy of a live mouse brain, we visualized the binding of nanovesicles to inflamed brain vasculature for delivery of therapeutics to ischemic stroke lesions in real-time. We also observed that RvD2-loaded nanovesicles dramatically decreased inflammation in ischemic stroke and improved mouse neurological functions. Our study provides a strategy to inhibit neuroinflammation using neutrophil-derived nanovesicles for ischemic stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, USA
| | - Jin Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, USA
| | - Can Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, USA
| | - Christopher Hayworth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, USA
| | - Marcos Frank
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, USA
| | - Zhenjia Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99202, USA
- Corresponding Author:
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33
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Mattern-Schain SI, Fisher RK, West PC, Grimsley LB, Harris TM, Grandas OH, Best MD, Mountain DJH. Cell mimetic liposomal nanocarriers for tailored delivery of vascular therapeutics. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 218:149-157. [PMID: 30582896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Liposomal delivery systems (LDSs) have been at the forefront of medicinal nanotechnology for over three decades. Increasing LDS association to target cells and cargo delivery is crucial to bolstering overall nanodrug efficacy. Our laboratory aims to develop LDSs for molecular therapeutics aimed at vascular pathology. We have previously established a liposome platform that is an effective delivery system for RNA interference in vascular cell types by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) decorated liposomes bearing an octa-arginine (R8) cell penetrating peptide (CPP). Further tailoring liposome membranes to mimic vascular cell membrane lipid constituents may be a promising strategy for increasing cargo delivery. Here we aimed to develop liposomal formulations that could make use of diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine (PS), naturally occurring lipid species that are known to influence vascular cell function, as a facile and efficient means to increase nanodrug efficacy without compromising clinical viability. We investigated the ability of DAG and PS to amplify the cellular uptake of our previously established LDS platform loaded with small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) cargo. Cellular fluorescence microscopy experiments were performed in conjunction with quantitative cell association assays and cytotoxicity assays to analyze the effect of DAG/PS on the differential delivery of fluorescently-tagged liposomes to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and on liposomal-mediated toxicity. In these studies, significant, dose-dependent increases in association to target cells were observed, as well as cell-type specific effects on cell viability. The stability and encapsulation-efficiency of the DAG/PS-modified LDSs were analyzed by standard nanoparticle characterization methods, and siRNA transfection efficacy was quantified to gauge delivery potential as a function of DAG/PS modification. Our results suggest that the signaling lipids tested here imbue our LDS architectures with increased therapeutic potential, without compromising stability, encapsulation efficiency, or biocompatibility, thus presenting a natural strategy to increase nanodrug efficacy and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel I Mattern-Schain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, TN, 37996, United States
| | - Richard K Fisher
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Philip C West
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Lauren B Grimsley
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Taylor M Harris
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Oscar H Grandas
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States
| | - Michael D Best
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, TN, 37996, United States.
| | - Deidra J H Mountain
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, 37920, TN, United States.
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Wu YW, Yu HY. Adhesion of a polymer-grafted nanoparticle to cells explored using generalized Langevin dynamics. Soft Matter 2018; 14:9910-9922. [PMID: 30475366 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01579a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We model a polymer-grafted stealth nanoparticle (SNP) as a composite system consisting of a spherical core coated with a porous polymeric brush with end-ligands. Adjacent to target cells, the near-wall hydrodynamics, thermal fluctuations, and thermodynamic adhesive interactions simultaneously impact the transient motion of the SNP. Employing both the Langevin framework for the effective hard sphere dynamics and the coupled generalized Langevin framework for the nanoparticle-polymer dynamics, we comprehensively investigate the velocity and position temporal relaxations of the SNP in the absence and presence of end-to-end distance fluctuations for the tethered polymer. We demonstrate that polymer structural relaxations substantially impact the SNP adhesive dynamics, especially when the grafted polymer is more flexible. Moreover, a long-time tail with t-3/2 scaling due to polymer chain-length fluctuations is observed in the velocity autocorrelation for a bound SNP. Finally, the thermodynamic effects of membrane morphology on SNP adhesion are explored by modifying the membrane-mediated binding potential of mean force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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35
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Zhou H, Fan Z, Li PY, Deng J, Arhontoulis DC, Li CY, Bowne WB, Cheng H. Dense and Dynamic Polyethylene Glycol Shells Cloak Nanoparticles from Uptake by Liver Endothelial Cells for Long Blood Circulation. ACS Nano 2018; 12:10130-10141. [PMID: 30117736 PMCID: PMC6349371 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Research into long-circulating nanoparticles has in the past focused on reducing their clearance by macrophages. By engineering a hierarchical polyethylene glycol (PEG) structure on nanoparticle surfaces, we revealed an alternative mechanism to enhance nanoparticle blood circulation. The conjugation of a second PEG layer at a density close to but lower than the mushroom-to-brush transition regime on conventional PEGylated nanoparticles dramatically prolongs their blood circulation via reduced nanoparticle uptake by non-Kupffer cells in the liver, especially liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Our study also disclosed that the dynamic outer PEG layer reduces protein binding affinity to nanoparticles, although not the total number of adsorbed proteins. These effects of the outer PEG layer diminish in the higher density regime. Therefore, our results suggest that the dynamic topographical structure of nanoparticles is an important factor in governing their fate in vivo. Taken together, this study advances our understanding of nanoparticle blood circulation and provides a facile approach for generating long circulating nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
| | - Zhiyuan Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
| | - Peter Y. Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
| | - Junjie Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
- Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CAS, Wenzhou, 325011 China
| | - Dimitrios C. Arhontoulis
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
| | - Christopher Y. Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
| | - Wilbur B. Bowne
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, USA
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
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36
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Carballal S, Valez V, Alvarez-Paggi D, Tovmasyan A, Batinic-Haberle I, Ferrer-Sueta G, Murgida DH, Radi R. Manganese porphyrin redox state in endothelial cells: Resonance Raman studies and implications for antioxidant protection towards peroxynitrite. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 126:379-392. [PMID: 30144631 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cationic manganese(III) ortho N-substituted pyridylporphyrins (MnP) act as efficient antioxidants catalyzing superoxide dismutation and accelerating peroxynitrite reduction. Importantly, MnP can reach mitochondria offering protection against reactive species in different animal models of disease. Although an LC-MS/MS-based method for MnP quantitation and subcellular distribution has been reported, a direct method capable of evaluating both the uptake and the redox state of MnP in living cells has not yet been developed. In the present work we applied resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy to analyze the intracellular accumulation of two potent MnP-based lipophilic SOD mimics, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+ and MnTnHex-2-PyP5+ within endothelial cells. RR experiments with isolated mitochondria revealed that the reduction of Mn(III)P was affected by inhibitors of the electron transport chain, supporting the action of MnP as efficient redox active compounds in mitochondria. Indeed, RR spectra confirmed that MnP added in the Mn(III) state can be incorporated into the cells, readily reduced by intracellular components to the Mn(II) state and oxidized by peroxynitrite. To assess the combined impact of reactivity and bioavailability, we studied the kinetics of Mn(III)TnBuOE-2-PyP5+ with peroxynitrite and evaluated the cytoprotective capacity of MnP by exposing the endothelial cells to nitro-oxidative stress induced by peroxynitrite. We observed a preservation of normal mitochondrial function, attenuation of cell damage and prevention of apoptotic cell death. These data introduce a novel application of RR spectroscopy for the direct detection of MnP and their redox states inside living cells, and helps to rationalize their antioxidant capacity in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Carballal
- Departmento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valeria Valez
- Departmento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Damián Alvarez-Paggi
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física and INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, piso 1, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniel H Murgida
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física and INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, piso 1, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departmento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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37
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Paunovska K, Gil CJ, Lokugamage MP, Sago CD, Sato M, Lando GN, Gamboa Castro M, Bryksin AV, Dahlman JE. Analyzing 2000 in Vivo Drug Delivery Data Points Reveals Cholesterol Structure Impacts Nanoparticle Delivery. ACS Nano 2018; 12:8341-8349. [PMID: 30016076 PMCID: PMC6115295 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are formulated using unmodified cholesterol. However, cholesterol is naturally esterified and oxidized in vivo, and these cholesterol variants are differentially trafficked in vivo via lipoproteins including LDL and VLDL. We hypothesized that incorporating the same cholesterol variants into LNPs-which can be structurally similar to LDL and VLDL-would alter nanoparticle targeting in vivo. To test this hypothesis, we quantified how >100 LNPs made with six cholesterol variants delivered DNA barcodes to 18 cell types in wild-type, LDLR-/-, and VLDLR-/- mice that were both age-matched and female. By analyzing ∼2000 in vivo drug delivery data points, we found that LNPs formulated with esterified cholesterol delivered nucleic acids more efficiently than LNPs formulated with regular or oxidized cholesterol when compared across all tested cell types in the mouse. We also identified an LNP containing cholesteryl oleate that efficiently delivered siRNA and sgRNA to liver endothelial cells in vivo. Delivery was as-or more-efficient as the same LNP made with unmodified cholesterol. Moreover, delivery to liver endothelial cells was 3 times more efficient than delivery to hepatocytes, distinguishing this oleate LNP from hepatocyte-targeting LNPs. RNA delivery can be improved by rationally selecting cholesterol variants, allowing optimization of nanoparticle targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina Paunovska
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Carmen J Gil
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Melissa P Lokugamage
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Cory D Sago
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Manaka Sato
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Gwyn N Lando
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Marielena Gamboa Castro
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Anton V Bryksin
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - James E Dahlman
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
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38
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Cooper S, Emmott A, McDonald KK, Campeau MA, Leask RL. Increased MMP activity in curved geometries disrupts the endothelial cell glycocalyx creating a proinflammatory environment. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202526. [PMID: 30138400 PMCID: PMC6107195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Wall shear stress gradients (WSSGs) induce an inflammatory phenotype in endothelial cells (ECs) which is hypothesized to be mediated by mechanotransduction through the EC glycocalyx (GCX). We used a three-dimensional in vitro cell culture model with a 180o curved geometry to investigate if WSSGs created by curvature can cause EC inflammation and disruption of the GCX. The hydrodynamics of the model elicited a morphological response in ECs as well as a pattern of leukocyte adhesion towards the inner wall of curvature that was attenuated with enzymatic removal of GCX components. GCX degradation was also observed in regions of curvature which corresponded to increased activity of MMPs. Together, these results support the hypothesis that the EC GCX is involved in mechanotransduction of WSSGs and that components of the GCX are regulated by MMP activity in regions of curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Cooper
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexander Emmott
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karli K. McDonald
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Richard L. Leask
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Cox A, Andreozzi P, Dal Magro R, Fiordaliso F, Corbelli A, Talamini L, Chinello C, Raimondo F, Magni F, Tringali M, Krol S, Jacob Silva P, Stellacci F, Masserini M, Re F. Evolution of Nanoparticle Protein Corona across the Blood-Brain Barrier. ACS Nano 2018; 12:7292-7300. [PMID: 29953205 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles offer the chance to improve drug transport and delivery through biological barriers, exploiting the possibility to leave the blood circulation and traverse the endothelial vascular bed, blood-brain barrier (BBB) included, to reach their target. It is known that nanoparticles gather molecules on their surface upon contact with biological fluids, forming the "protein corona", which can affect their fate and therapeutic/diagnostic performance, yet no information on the corona's evolution across the barrier has been gathered so far. Using a cellular model of the BBB and gold nanoparticles, we show that the composition of the corona undergoes dramatic quantitative and qualitative molecular modifications during passage from the "blood" to the "brain" side, while it is stable once beyond the BBB. Thus, we demonstrate that the nanoparticle corona dynamically and drastically evolves upon crossing the BBB and that its initial composition is not predictive of nanoparticle fate and performance once beyond the barrier at the target organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysia Cox
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB , University of Milano-Bicocca , Via Raoul Follereau 3 , 20854 Vedano al Lambro (MB) , Italy
| | - Patrizia Andreozzi
- IFOM-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology , IFOM-IEO Campus , Milan 20139 , Italy
- CICbiomaGUNE, Soft Matter Nanotechnology Group , San Sebastian-Donostia , 20014 Guipuzcoa , Spain
| | - Roberta Dal Magro
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB , University of Milano-Bicocca , Via Raoul Follereau 3 , 20854 Vedano al Lambro (MB) , Italy
| | - Fabio Fiordaliso
- IRCCS Institute of Pharmacological Research "Mario Negri″ , Milan 20139 , Italy
| | - Alessandro Corbelli
- IRCCS Institute of Pharmacological Research "Mario Negri″ , Milan 20139 , Italy
| | - Laura Talamini
- IRCCS Institute of Pharmacological Research "Mario Negri″ , Milan 20139 , Italy
| | - Clizia Chinello
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB , University of Milano-Bicocca , Via Raoul Follereau 3 , 20854 Vedano al Lambro (MB) , Italy
| | - Francesca Raimondo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB , University of Milano-Bicocca , Via Raoul Follereau 3 , 20854 Vedano al Lambro (MB) , Italy
| | - Fulvio Magni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB , University of Milano-Bicocca , Via Raoul Follereau 3 , 20854 Vedano al Lambro (MB) , Italy
| | - Maria Tringali
- Department of Environmental Sciences , University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan 20126 , Italy
| | - Silke Krol
- IRCCS Foundation Institute for Neurology "Carlo Besta" , IFOM-IEO Campus , Milan 20139 , Italy
- IRCCS Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II" , Bari 70021 , Italy
| | - Paulo Jacob Silva
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne 1000 , Switzerland
| | - Francesco Stellacci
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne 1000 , Switzerland
- Interfaculty Bioengineering Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne 1000 , Switzerland
| | - Massimo Masserini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB , University of Milano-Bicocca , Via Raoul Follereau 3 , 20854 Vedano al Lambro (MB) , Italy
| | - Francesca Re
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB , University of Milano-Bicocca , Via Raoul Follereau 3 , 20854 Vedano al Lambro (MB) , Italy
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40
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Piro B, Mattana G, Reisberg S. Transistors for Chemical Monitoring of Living Cells. Biosensors (Basel) 2018; 8:E65. [PMID: 29973542 PMCID: PMC6164306 DOI: 10.3390/bios8030065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We review here the chemical sensors for pH, glucose, lactate, and neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine or glutamate, made of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs), including organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) and electrolyte-gated OFETs (EGOFETs), for the monitoring of cell activity. First, the various chemicals that are produced by living cells and are susceptible to be sensed in-situ in a cell culture medium are reviewed. Then, we discuss the various materials used to make the substrate onto which cells can be grown, as well as the materials used for making the transistors. The main part of this review discusses the up-to-date transistor architectures that have been described for cell monitoring to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Piro
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, 75205 Paris CEDEX 13, France.
| | - Giorgio Mattana
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, 75205 Paris CEDEX 13, France.
| | - Steeve Reisberg
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, 75205 Paris CEDEX 13, France.
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Failla CM, Carbo M, Morea V. Positive and Negative Regulation of Angiogenesis by Soluble Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051306. [PMID: 29702562 PMCID: PMC5983705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1 exists in different forms, derived from alternative splicing of the same gene. In addition to the transmembrane form, endothelial cells produce a soluble VEGFR-1 (sVEGFR-1) isoform, whereas non-endothelial cells produce both sVEGFR-1 and a different soluble molecule, known as soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt)1-14. By binding members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, the soluble forms reduce the amounts of VEGFs available for the interaction with their transmembrane receptors, thereby negatively regulating VEGFR-mediated signaling. In agreement with this activity, high levels of circulating sVEGFR-1 or sFlt1-14 are associated with different pathological conditions involving vascular dysfunction. Moreover, sVEGFR-1 and sFlt1-14 have an additional role in angiogenesis: they are deposited in the endothelial cell and pericyte extracellular matrix, and interact with cell membrane components. Interaction of sVEGFR-1 with α5β1 integrin on endothelial cell membranes regulates vessel growth, triggering a dynamic, pro-angiogenic phenotype. Interaction of sVEGFR-1/sFlt1-14 with cell membrane glycosphingolipids in lipid rafts controls kidney cell morphology and glomerular barrier functions. These cell⁻matrix contacts represent attractive novel targets for pharmacological intervention in addition to those addressing interactions between VEGFs and their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam Carbo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Veronica Morea
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology c/o, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Casaril AM, Ignasiak MT, Chuang CY, Vieira B, Padilha NB, Carroll L, Lenardão EJ, Savegnago L, Davies MJ. Selenium-containing indolyl compounds: Kinetics of reaction with inflammation-associated oxidants and protective effect against oxidation of extracellular matrix proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:395-405. [PMID: 29055824 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Activated white blood cells generate multiple oxidants in response to invading pathogens. Thus, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is generated via the reaction of myeloperoxidase (from neutrophils and monocytes) with hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH), a potent oxidizing and nitrating agent is formed from superoxide radicals and nitric oxide, generated by stimulated macrophages. Excessive or misplaced production of these oxidants has been linked to multiple human pathologies, including cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis is characterized by chronic inflammation and the presence of oxidized materials, including extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, within the artery wall. Here we investigated the potential of selenium-containing indoles to afford protection against these oxidants, by determining rate constants (k) for their reaction, and quantifying the extent of damage on isolated ECM proteins and ECM generated by human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). The novel selenocompounds examined react with HOCl with k 0.2-1.0 × 108M-1s-1, and ONOOH with k 4.5-8.6 - × 105M-1s-1. Reaction with H2O2 is considerably slower (k < 0.25M-1s-1). The selenocompound 2-phenyl-3-(phenylselanyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine provided protection to human serum albumin (HSA) against HOCl-mediated damage (as assessed by SDS-PAGE) and damage to isolated matrix proteins induced by ONOOH, with a concomitant decrease in the levels of the biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine. Structural damage and generation of 3-nitroTyr on HCAEC-ECM were also reduced. These data demonstrate that the novel selenium-containing compounds show high reactivity with oxidants and may modulate oxidative and nitrosative damage at sites of inflammation, contributing to a reduction in tissue dysfunction and atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Casaril
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia - GPN - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marta T Ignasiak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Christine Y Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beatriz Vieira
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathalia B Padilha
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luke Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eder J Lenardão
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucielli Savegnago
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia - GPN - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Abstract
SummaryRecent studies have shown that peptides identified as surface binding regions of high molecular mass kininogen (HK) and factor XII (FXII) inhibit the Zn2+-dependent binding of FXII to confluent layers of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). This indicates that negatively charged FXII binding surfaces, such as sulfatides and dextran sulfate, may interfere with the binding of FXII to confluent layer of HUVEC. Upon investigating this hypothesis it was unexpectedly found that sulfatides enhanced a specific binding of FXII to a matrix protein expressed during growth of the endothelial cells and that this binding was independent of the presence of Zn2+. The function of sulfatides was partly to minimize nonspecific electrostatic binding and partly to induce and enhance autoactivation of FXII generating αFXIIa. Western blot analysis of the extracts of the matrix incubated with FXII and sulfatides showed that the binding was specific for αFXIIa. The dissociation constant for binding αFXIIa was 12. 8 ± 0. 4 nM (n=4). The binding of αFXIIa to ECM was mapped to the heavy chain as no binding was observed of the light chain containing the catalytic domain. HK, which previously has been shown to completely abolish the Zn2+-dependent binding of FXII to confluent layers of HUVEC, did not inhibit the binding of αFXIIa to the matrix but sulfatides enhanced binding of FXII to ECM. This suggests that HK interferes with the binding of FXII to sulfatides and thereby the autoactivation of FXII. Trypsin treatment of the matrix protein completely abolished the binding, and fibronectin but not laminin was found to bea suitable target. The binding of activated FXII to the ECM suggests that FXIIa may bea modulator of cellular adhesion, migration and vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Schousboe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Genetics, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3C, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Mack JJ, Mosqueiro TS, Archer BJ, Jones WM, Sunshine H, Faas GC, Briot A, Aragón RL, Su T, Romay MC, McDonald AI, Kuo CH, Lizama CO, Lane TF, Zovein AC, Fang Y, Tarling EJ, de Aguiar Vallim TQ, Navab M, Fogelman AM, Bouchard LS, Iruela-Arispe ML. NOTCH1 is a mechanosensor in adult arteries. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1620. [PMID: 29158473 PMCID: PMC5696341 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells transduce mechanical forces from blood flow into intracellular signals required for vascular homeostasis. Here we show that endothelial NOTCH1 is responsive to shear stress, and is necessary for the maintenance of junctional integrity, cell elongation, and suppression of proliferation, phenotypes induced by laminar shear stress. NOTCH1 receptor localizes downstream of flow and canonical NOTCH signaling scales with the magnitude of fluid shear stress. Reduction of NOTCH1 destabilizes cellular junctions and triggers endothelial proliferation. NOTCH1 suppression results in changes in expression of genes involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium and proliferation, and preventing the increase of calcium signaling rescues the cell-cell junctional defects. Furthermore, loss of Notch1 in adult endothelium increases hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis in the descending aorta. We propose that NOTCH1 is atheroprotective and acts as a mechanosensor in adult arteries, where it integrates responses to laminar shear stress and regulates junctional integrity through modulation of calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia J Mack
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Thiago S Mosqueiro
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Brian J Archer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - William M Jones
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hannah Sunshine
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Guido C Faas
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Anais Briot
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Raquel L Aragón
- Molecular Biology Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Trent Su
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Milagros C Romay
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Austin I McDonald
- Molecular Biology Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Cheng-Hsiang Kuo
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Carlos O Lizama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Timothy F Lane
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Ob-Gyn, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ann C Zovein
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Yun Fang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Tarling
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Thomas Q de Aguiar Vallim
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mohamad Navab
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alan M Fogelman
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Louis S Bouchard
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - M Luisa Iruela-Arispe
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Johnsen KB, Burkhart A, Melander F, Kempen PJ, Vejlebo JB, Siupka P, Nielsen MS, Andresen TL, Moos T. Targeting transferrin receptors at the blood-brain barrier improves the uptake of immunoliposomes and subsequent cargo transport into the brain parenchyma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10396. [PMID: 28871203 PMCID: PMC5583399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery to the brain is hampered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier, which excludes most molecules from freely diffusing into the brain, and tightly regulates the active transport mechanisms that ensure sufficient delivery of nutrients to the brain parenchyma. Harnessing the possibility of delivering neuroactive drugs by way of receptors already present on the brain endothelium has been of interest for many years. The transferrin receptor is of special interest since its expression is limited to the endothelium of the brain as opposed to peripheral endothelium. Here, we investigate the possibility of delivering immunoliposomes and their encapsulated cargo to the brain via targeting of the transferrin receptor. We find that transferrin receptor-targeting increases the association between the immunoliposomes and primary endothelial cells in vitro, but that this does not correlate with increased cargo transcytosis. Furthermore, we show that the transferrin receptor-targeted immunoliposomes accumulate along the microvessels of the brains of rats, but find no evidence for transcytosis of the immunoliposome. Conversely, the increased accumulation correlated both with increased cargo uptake in the brain endothelium and subsequent cargo transport into the brain. These findings suggest that transferrin receptor-targeting is a relevant strategy of increasing drug exposure to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Bendix Johnsen
- Laboratory for Neurobiology, Biomedicine, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Annette Burkhart
- Laboratory for Neurobiology, Biomedicine, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Fredrik Melander
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paul Joseph Kempen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bruun Vejlebo
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Piotr Siupka
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas Lars Andresen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Torben Moos
- Laboratory for Neurobiology, Biomedicine, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Abstract
Engineering vascularized tissue constructs and organoids has been historically challenging. Here we describe a novel method based on microfluidic bioprinting to generate a scaffold with multilayer interlacing hydrogel microfibers. To achieve smooth bioprinting, a core-sheath microfluidic printhead containing a composite bioink formulation extruded from the core flow and the crosslinking solution carried by the sheath flow, was designed and fitted onto the bioprinter. By blending gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) with alginate, a polysaccharide that undergoes instantaneous ionic crosslinking in the presence of select divalent ions, followed by a secondary photocrosslinking of the GelMA component to achieve permanent stabilization, a microfibrous scaffold could be obtained using this bioprinting strategy. Importantly, the endothelial cells encapsulated inside the bioprinted microfibers can form the lumen-like structures resembling the vasculature over the course of culture for 16 days. The endothelialized microfibrous scaffold may be further used as a vascular bed to construct a vascularized tissue through subsequent seeding of the secondary cell type into the interstitial space of the microfibers. Microfluidic bioprinting provides a generalized strategy in convenient engineering of vascularized tissues at high fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School;
| | - Qingmeng Pi
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Anne Metje van Genderen
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University
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Abstract
Ischemic heart and cerebral diseases are complex clinical syndromes. Endothelial dysfunction caused by dysfunctional endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is thought to play a major role in pathophysiology of both types of disease. Healthy EPCs may be able to replace the dysfunctional endothelium through endogenous repair mechanisms. EPC levels are changed in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease and EPCs may play a role in the pathophysiology of these diseases. EPCs are also a marker for preventive and therapeutic interventions. Homing of EPCs to ischemic sites is a mechanism of ischemic tissue repair, and molecules such as stromal-derived factor-1 and integrin may play a role in EPC homing in ischemic disease. Potentiation of the function and numbers of EPCs as well as combining EPCs with other pharmaceutical agents may improve the condition of ischemia patients. However, the precise role of EPCs in ischemic heart and cerebral disease and their therapeutic potential still remain to be explored. Here, we discuss the identification, mobilization, and clinical implications of EPCs in ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dah-Ching Ding
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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48
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Zhang FB, Jiang R. [Culture of rat corpus cavernosal endothelial cells using modified immunomagnetic beads and cloning]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 2017; 23:503-509. [PMID: 29722941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To search for the methods of isolating, purifying and culturing corpus cavernosal endothelial cells (CCECs) from SD rats, observe their growth characteristics, and providing seed cells for the study of erectile dysfunction (ED). METHODS The corpus cavernosal tissue from the SD rat was digested with 0.1% elastase, followed by purification of CCECs with immunomagnetic beads. After further amplification, monoclonal CCECs were sorted out with the cloning cylinder and their morphological and proliferative characteristics were observed. The von Willebrand factor (VWF) in the CCECs was identified by immunofluorescence staining, the CD31 molecule detected by immumohistochemistry, the purity of the CCECs determined by flow cytometry, and the proliferation of the cells measured with CCK-8 and growth curves. RESULTS After 7 days of purification and culture, the CCECs were fused into a monolayer under the inverted phase-contrast microscope, arranged like flagstones. The growth curves showed that the CCECs were in latency with a low growth rate at 1-2 days, in the logarithmic growth phase with a rapid rate at 3-4 days, and into the platform phase around the 6th day. VWF was positively expressed in the CCECs with much green fluorescence, and so was CD31 with a large number of brownish particles. The positive rate of the CCECs which were labelled with the VWF purified with magnetic beads combined with cloning cylinders was up to (91.9±3.75)%. CONCLUSIONS High-purity rat CCECs can be cultured successfully using immunomagnetic beads combined with cloning cylinders, with stable proliferation and passage in the endothelial cell medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Bo Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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49
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Abstract
The integrity of the vasculature system is intrinsically sensitive to a short list of biophysical cues spanning from nano to micro scales. We have earlier found that certain nanomaterials could induce endothelial leakiness (nanoparticle induced endothelial leakiness, nanoEL). In this study, we report that the density of the nanomaterial, a basic intrinsic material property not implicated in many nanoparticle-mediated biological effects, predominantly dictates the nanoEL effect. We demonstrated that the impinging force exerted by a library of increasing effective densities but consistently sized silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) could directly increase endothelial permeability. The crossover effective particle density that induced nanoEL was determined to be between 1.57 g/cm3 to 1.72 g/cm3. It was also found that a cumulative gravitational-mediated force of around 1.8 nN/μm along the boundaries of the vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cad) adherens junctions appeared to be a critical threshold force required to perturb endothelial cell-cell adhesion. The net result is the "snapping" of the mechanically pretensed VE-cad (Nanosnap), leading to the formation of micron-sized gaps that would dramatically increase endothelial leakiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chor Yong Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Magdiel Inggrid Setyawati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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Jankowska-Konsur A, Kobierzycki C, Grzegrzółka J, Piotrowska A, Gomulkiewicz A, Glatzel-Plucinska N, Reich A, Podhorska-Okołów M, Dzięgiel P, Szepietowski JC. Podoplanin Expression Correlates with Disease Progression in Mycosis Fungoides. Acta Derm Venereol 2017; 97:235-241. [PMID: 27545193 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of lymphangiogenesis in the clinical progression and outcome of mycosis fungoides. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot techniques were used to assess the expression of podoplanin and vascular endothelial growth factor C in mycosis fungoides. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C measured by immunohistochemistry was significantly higher in mycosis fungoides samples in comparison with control cases (chronic benign dermatoses) (p = 0.0012). Increased expression of podoplanin was found in advanced vs. early mycosis fungoides (p < 0.0001), and was positively correlated with cutaneous and nodal involvement (p < 0.001, p < 0.0001; respectively). Higher podoplanin expression was also significantly associated with shorter survival (p < 0.001). Strong positive correlation was observed between expression of podoplanin analysed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot (r = 0.75, p < 0.0001). A similar association was shown regarding expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (r = 0.68, p = 0.0007). In conclusion, these results suggest that increased expression of podoplanin is associated with poor clinical course, as well as shorter survival, of patients with mycosis fungoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Jankowska-Konsur
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wrocław Medical University, Chalubinskiego 1, PL-50-368 Wrocław, Poland
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