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Nomura S, Eguchi A, Maruyama-Sakurai K, Higashino R, Yoneoka D, Kawashima T, Tanoue Y, Kawamura Y, Kumar RS, Fujita T, Miyata H. Characterizing Healthy Dietary Practices in Japan: Insights from a 2024 Nationwide Survey and Cluster Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1412. [PMID: 38794650 PMCID: PMC11124242 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing burden of lifestyle-related diseases highlights the need to address unhealthy dietary habits. This study aims to explore the latest dietary patterns in Japan following the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on trends in health-promoting food choices. A web-based survey was conducted among 27,154 Japanese adults, selected via quota sampling to mirror national demographics. The study evaluated dietary diversity, measured through the Dietary Variety Score (Outcome 1), and the prioritization of nutritional and health considerations in food selection, assessed via a Likert scale (Outcome 2). Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) and Ordering Points To Identify the Clustering Structure (OPTICS) algorithms were used to delineate patterns in health-centric food selections. OPTICS clustering revealed four distinct clusters for each outcome. Cluster 3, with a diverse diet, comprised older, predominantly female individuals with higher well-being and lower social isolation compared to Cluster 4, which lacked distinct dietary patterns. Cluster 3 also engaged more in snacking, treat foods, home cooking, and frozen meals. Similarly, a divide emerged between those prioritizing dietary considerations (Cluster C) and those indifferent to such aspects (Cluster D). The findings underscore the need for holistic post-COVID-19 public health initiatives addressing socioeconomic and cultural barriers to healthier dietary practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Nomura
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akifumi Eguchi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keiko Maruyama-Sakurai
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, 3-2-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6234, Japan
| | - Ruka Higashino
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoneoka
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Disease, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0052, Japan;
| | - Takayuki Kawashima
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Department of Mathematical and Computing Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yuta Tanoue
- Faculty of Marine Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 2-1-6, Etchujima, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8533, Japan;
| | - Yumi Kawamura
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
| | - Rauniyar Santosh Kumar
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Ocean Policy Research Institute, Sasakawa Peace Foundation, 1-15-16 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8524, Japan
| | - Takanori Fujita
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, 3-2-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6234, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyata
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (A.E.); (K.M.-S.); (R.H.); (T.K.); (Y.K.); (R.S.K.); (T.F.); (H.M.)
- Data for Social Transformation, 1-11-2 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
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Kiuchi Y, Tsutsumimoto K, Doi T, Kurita S, Nishimoto K, Makizako H, Shimada H. Effect of dietary diversity on incident of disability in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia: A 40-month follow-up longitudinal study. Maturitas 2024; 179:107887. [PMID: 37980814 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.107887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a clinical issue in older adults that leads to serious adverse health outcomes, including disability. The present study investigated whether dietary diversity affects the incidence of disability in older adults with sarcopenia. METHOD Participants were 759 Japanese older adults with sarcopenia (mean age 77.2 ± 6.0 years; 44.4 % men) who were aged ≥65 years at the time of the examination. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the recommendations of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. Dietary diversity was assessed using a diet variety score. This diet variety score assessed the one-week consumption frequency of ten food groups, according to the following responses: "eat almost every day" (1 point), or "not eaten almost daily" (0 points). Older adults with a diet variety score of 3 or more points were defined as having high dietary diversity. Incident disability was certified by long-term care insurance (mean follow-up duration 32 months). RESULTS The cumulative disability incidence rates in the older adults with low dietary diversity and high dietary diversity were 23.3 % and 16.9 %, respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed high dietary diversity was associated with a lower risk of incident disability in older adults with sarcopenia (hazard ratio 0.66, 95 % confidence interval 0.47-0.92; p = 0.015), after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS This longitudinal study revealed that high dietary diversity is associated with a lower risk of incident disability among sarcopenic Japanese older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuhei Nishimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-0802, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
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Kuroda Y, Fujita K, Sugimoto T, Uchida K, Shimazu T, Saito J, Arai H, Sakurai T. Feasibility of a community-adapted multi-domain intervention for dementia prevention among older adults: a research protocol. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:191. [PMID: 37907936 PMCID: PMC10617126 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-domain interventions effectively prevent dementia in clinical settings; however, their efficacy within local communities is unclear. This study assesses the feasibility of an adapted multi-domain intervention for dementia prevention in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS The single-arm trial enrolls 60 participants from two Obu City communities, Japan. PRIMARY OUTCOME participant retention in the adapted multi-domain intervention; secondary outcomes: health and implementation outcomes. Over 12 months, a team of researchers and public health nurse oversees the study in the first half, gradually shifting the management to public health nurses in the second half. Using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Enhanced, the clinical programme is adjusted for the local community. It includes a 60-minute exercise and 30-minute group sessions, targeting lifestyle, diet, and social participation. DISCUSSION This pioneer study evaluates the feasibility of an adapted intervention programme for dementia prevention in a community setting. Challenges in disseminating dementia prevention programmes warrant further investigation into effective implementation as well as strategies and methods to appeal to the target population. Upon confirming this programme's feasibility, future studies can further evaluate its broader effectiveness. TRIAL REGISTRATION The protocol is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) of the University Hospital's Medical Information Network, under registration number UMIN000050581.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Kuroda
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Fujita
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taiki Sugimoto
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Uchida
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Division of Behavioural Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Saito
- Division of Behavioural Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
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Zare M, Makhtoomi M, Mansouri F, Nouri M, Sarbakhsh P, Eftekhari MH, Pourghassem Gargari B, Shateri Z. Diet diversity and food quality score in male football players and healthy non-athlete controls in relation to oxidative stress biomarkers: a descriptive-analytical study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:136. [PMID: 37864256 PMCID: PMC10588201 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary patterns that include high-quality and varied food groups have the potential to modulate oxidative status. This research was conducted to determine dietary diversity score (DDS) and food quality score (FQS) in football players and their matched non-athletes, also their associations with oxidative indicators assessed by the urinary levels of F2alpha-isoprostane (F2a-IP) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). METHODS Participants consisted of 45 male football players and 45 male non-athletes in two age-and body mass index (BMI)-matched groups from Shiraz City, Iran. Anthropometric measurements were performed, and urine samples were analyzed to determine oxidative biomarkers. Dietary data derived from a reliable food frequency questionnaire with 168 items was completed to determine DDS and FQS. For data analysis, an appropriate generalized estimating equation model was set up. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that FQS (β = 5.46; P < 0.001) and DDS (β = 1.30; P < 0.001) scores were significantly higher in the footballers in comparison to the non-athletes. Moreover, FQS was negatively associated with 8-OHdG (β=-0.35; P = 0.008) and F2a-IP (β=-4.30; P = 0.01) levels in all participants. In addition, DDS was inversely related to 8-OHdG (β=-1.25; P = 0.01) and F2a-IP (β=-11.67; P = 0.04) levels in all participants. CONCLUSIONS Food quality scores and dietary diversity of footballers' diets were found to be higher in comparison to the non-athletes. Furthermore, a higher FQS and DDS were associated with lower levels of oxidative biomarkers in all participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Zare
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maede Makhtoomi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mansouri
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvin Sarbakhsh
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zainab Shateri
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Yang C, Liu P, Huang W, Zhou Y, Liu C, Gao T, Zhong F. Relationship between three dietary indices and health-related quality of life among rural elderly in China: a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1259227. [PMID: 37927509 PMCID: PMC10624226 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1259227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore the association between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and diet quality using three evidence-based dietary indices among older people in rural China. Methods This cross-sectional study included 1,258 rural older people (mean age 72.32 years; 55.6% female). HRQOL was assessed using the European Five Dimension Health Scale (EQ-5D), and dietary intake was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Three dietary scoring indices, including the Alternate Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, and Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), were calculated to assess and analyze the relationship between these dietary indices and quality of life. Results The EQ-5D score was 0.95 ± 0.10, and the EQ-Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score was 76.76 ± 14.44. All three groups with higher dietary indices had higher quality of life scores. After controlling for covariates in multivariate adjusted binary logistic regression analyzes, participants in the top tertile of DDS had higher quality of life scores than those in the bottom tertile. DDS was consistently associated with EQ-5D (Model 2: OR = 1.567, p = 0.001; Model3: OR = 1.351, p = 0.044) and EQ-VAS (Model 2: OR = 1.830, p < 0.001; Model 3: OR = 1.383, p = 0.047), significantly different from the other groups. Conclusion Older people in rural China who adhere to various foods experience a better quality of healthy life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Qingdao University School of Public Health, Qingdao, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Qingdao University School of Public Health, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjing Huang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Qingdao University School of Public Health, Qingdao, China
| | - Cuiping Liu
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Tianlin Gao
- Qingdao University School of Public Health, Qingdao, China
| | - Feng Zhong
- Qingdao University School of Public Health, Qingdao, China
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Du Q, Lu Y, Hu F, Feng X, Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zeng Y, Yao Y, Lu Z, Zhang W, Gao X. Dietary diversity and possible sarcopenia among older people in China: a nationwide population-based study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1218453. [PMID: 37457980 PMCID: PMC10348914 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1218453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcopenia is a common geriatric disease. Many dietary factors may contribute to the development of sarcopenia. Few studies have been conducted on dietary diversity and sarcopenia in Chinese older adults. Among a nationwide sample, the objective of this study is to assess the association between the dietary diversity score (DDS) and the prevalence of possible sarcopenia. We considered the different patterns of dietary diversity in relation to possible sarcopenia. Methods We conducted this analysis utilizing the cross-sectional data from the 2012, 2014, and 2018 waves of the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey (CLHLS). A standard developed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS2019) was used to assess the possibility of sarcopenia. On the basis of the DDS generated by previous studies, we have constructed four new indicators as follows: total diet, animal-based diet, plant-based diet, and plant-based diet without the consumption of legume products and nuts. We used the generalized estimation equation (GEE) model to evaluate the associations between the DDS of the total diet, animal-based diet, plant-based diet, and plant-based diet without the intake of legume products and nuts and possible sarcopenia. These associations were statistically adjusted for a variety of potential confounders. Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding some participants who were long-term bedridden, had Alzheimer's disease, or were terminally ill. Results The analysis included 6,624 participants (mean age 83.4 years at baseline). In our study, we found that participants with a higher DDS of the total diet (OR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.51-0.77), animal-based diet (OR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.49-0.79), and plant-based diet (OR = 0.64;95% CI: 0.51-0.80) were at a lower risk of developing sarcopenia. In sensitivity analyses, the associations remained unchanged. Conclusion Taking a diversified diet, including animal foods, may reduce the risk of developing sarcopenia. According to the findings of this study, adopting a diversified diet might reduce the risk of sarcopenia for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Du
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinglin Feng
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaojie Li
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese, Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenya Zhang
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Gao
- Health Management Institute, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Low Dietary Variety Is Associated with Incident Frailty in Older Adults during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Prospective Cohort Study in Japan. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051145. [PMID: 36904144 PMCID: PMC10005648 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stagnation of social activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic probably reduces motivation to maintain a healthy diet. It is important to report on the dietary changes observed in older adults during a period of restriction on outings and to clarify the relationship between dietary variety and frailty. This one-year follow-up study examined the association between frailty and dietary variety during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted in August 2020 and August 2021, respectively. The follow-up survey was distributed by mail to 1635 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years. Of the 1235 respondents, 1008 respondents who were non-frail at baseline are included in this study. Dietary variety was examined using a dietary variety score developed for older adults. Frailty was assessed using a five-item frailty screening tool. The outcome was frailty incidence. RESULTS In our sample, 108 subjects developed frailty. A linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between dietary variety score and frailty score (β, -0.032; 95% CI, -0.064 to -0.001; p = 0.046). This association was also significant in Model 1, adjusted for sex and age, (β, -0.051; 95% CI, -0.083 to -0.019; p = 0.002) and in a multivariate analysis that added adjustments for living alone, smoking, alcohol use, BMI, and existing conditions to Model 1 (β, -0.045; 95% CI, -0.078 to -0.012; p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS A low dietary variety score was associated with an increased frailty score during the COVID-19 pandemic. The restricted daily routine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will probably continue to have a long-term effect in terms of reduced dietary variety. Thus, vulnerable populations, such as older adults, might require dietary support.
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Kiuchi Y, Doi T, Tsutsumimoto K, Nakakubo S, Kurita S, Nishimoto K, Makizako H, Shimada H. Association between dietary diversity and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Nutrition 2023; 106:111896. [PMID: 36470116 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine whether dietary diversity is associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. METHODS We used a cross-sectional large cohort data set from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Study of Geriatric Syndromes. Data from 9080 older adults (mean age 74 ± 5.6 y; 44.4% were men) were included in this cross-sectional study. Sarcopenia was assessed using muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance represented by gait speed. We assessed 1-wk consumption frequency of food types, including meat, fish/shellfish, eggs, milk, soybean products, green and yellow vegetables, potatoes, fruits, seaweeds, fats, and oil. Consumption frequency was allotted to each category for the following responses: eat almost every day, eat 3 or 4 /wkd, eat 1 or 2 d/wk, and hardly ever eat. Poor dietary diversity was defined as those who responded hardly ever eat for any of the 10 foods. RESULTS This study revealed that 2647 participants (29.2%) had poor dietary diversity. Poor dietary diversity was associated with confirmed sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.96) and severe sarcopenia (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.08-2.39). Furthermore, poor dietary diversity of low-protein foods was significantly associated with sarcopenia (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.13-2.20) as well as poor dietary diversity of high-protein foods (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.12-1.92). CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study revealed that poor dietary diversity was associated with sarcopenia among older adults. Ingestion of low-protein foods and high-protein foods is infrequently associated with sarcopenia and ingestion of high-protein foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Sho Nakakubo
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Kazuhei Nishimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
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9
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Zhang C, Zhang J, Xiao S, Shi L, Xue Y, Zheng X, Benli X, Chen Y, Li X, Kai Y, Liu Y, Zhou G. Health-related quality of life and its association with socioeconomic status and diet diversity in Chinese older adults. Front Public Health 2023; 10:999178. [PMID: 36743155 PMCID: PMC9895932 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.999178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study aimed at examining the combined association of socioeconomic status (SES) and diet diversity (DD) with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and exploring whether DD played a mediating role in the relationship between varied SES and HRQoL among Chinese older persons. Method A multi-stage random sampling method was conducted in Shanxi Province of China, with 3,250 older adults participating in this cross-sectional survey. SES was divided into groups by quartiles and DD by means, and these variable groups were combined in pairs to generate a total of eight combinations. The PROCESS macro developed by Hayes was employed for the simple mediation analysis. Results Compared with the reference group (those with both high SES and high DD), older adults who were classified to have lower SES or DD had elevated odds of having worse HRQoL: low SES/ low DD (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.41-2.92); low SES/ high DD (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.17-1.80); middle low SES/ low DD (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.24-1.65); middle low SES/ high DD (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.03-1.47); upper high SES/ low DD (OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.21-1.65); and high SES/ low DD (OR = 1.30, 95%CI 1.10-1.53). The mediation analysis revealed that DD mediated the relationship between SES and HRQoL (B=0.011, 95% CI 0.008-0.013), with its indirect effects accounting for 39.29% of the total effects. Conclusions These findings highlighted the role of DD as a mediator of the relationship between SES and HRQoL. As DD could be protective, modifiable, and easy for older adults to understand and implement, village clinics and community health stations should work collaboratively to design proper DD intervention measures for better HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chichen Zhang
- Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Institute of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Chichen Zhang ✉
| | - Jiachi Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujuan Xiao
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqing Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Benli
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Li
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Kai
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- School of Humanities and Management, Institute for Health Law and Policy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Guangqing Zhou
- Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Esmaeily Z, Daei S, Rezaei M, Eyvazkhani A, Tajary Z, Dara MM, Motlagh ARD. Association between dietary inflammatory potential and the probable sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:834. [PMID: 36329402 PMCID: PMC9635195 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike the numerous studies concerning the role of dietary inflammatory potential in chronic diseases, limited studies focused on the association of dietary inflammatory potential with handgrip strength (HGS) and probable sarcopenia (PS). This study tends to explore the association between dietary inflammatory potential and PS among older adults in Tehran. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted between May and October 2019 on 201 randomly selected older adults in Tehran, Iran. A validated food frequency questionnaire was utilized for recording dietary intake. Dietary habits were evaluated through Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index (EDII). PS assessment was done by HGS estimation. Statistical evaluation included descriptive analyses, logistic, and linear regression. RESULTS Those probably suffering from sarcopenia were older than healthy ones (p < 0.0001) and had significantly higher DII scores (p = 0.05) but not EDII (p = 0.85). Besides, PS subjects had a lower intake of anti-inflammatory nutrients. The odds of PS were doubled in people on the top tertile of DII (OR = 2.49, 95% (CI) = 1.11-5.58) and second tertile of EDII (OR = 2.29, 95% (CI) = 1.03-5.07) relative to bottom tertiles after adjusting for confounders. The relationships between index scores and HGS were simply significant in the adjusted model of EDII and HGS (B = -0.49, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Conclusively, participants adhering to a pro-inflammatory diet had more likelihood of PS. Findings are in line with current recommendations to reduce unhealthy foods with more inflammatory potential. These findings warrant confirmation in high-quality interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Esmaeily
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Daei
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Rezaei
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Eyvazkhani
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Tajary
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansouri Dara
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dorosty Motlagh
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Aihemaitijiang S, Zhang L, Ye C, Halimulati M, Huang X, Wang R, Zhang Z. Long-Term High Dietary Diversity Maintains Good Physical Function in Chinese Elderly: A Cohort Study Based on CLHLS from 2011 to 2018. Nutrients 2022; 14:1730. [PMID: 35565697 PMCID: PMC9105097 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Objective: This study aimed to explore the correlation between dietary factors and physical function in Chinese elderly. (2) Methods: A cohort study was conducted on the association of long-term dietary intake status with physical function in older people based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 2011 to 2018. The physical function of the subjects was judged according to the scores of basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The dietary diversity score was established according to the intake frequency of the food groups, and the dietary pattern score was obtained by factor analysis. The associations between dietary factors and functional impairment was investigated by logistic regressions. (3) Results: A total of 2282 subjects were included in our cohort study, 458 and 1439 of whom had BADL limitation and IADL limitation, respectively. The risk of functional impairment decreased in the consistent high dietary diversity groups compared with the consistent low dietary diversity group (p < 0.05). The fruit-egg-milk pattern, vegetable-meat-fish pattern, and condiment and tea pattern reduced the risk of functional impairment (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Long-term maintenance of high dietary diversity and increasing total dietary intake can help maintain good physical function of Chinese elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumiya Aihemaitijiang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (S.A.); (C.Y.); (M.H.); (X.H.); (R.W.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK;
| | - Chen Ye
- Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (S.A.); (C.Y.); (M.H.); (X.H.); (R.W.)
| | - Mairepaiti Halimulati
- Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (S.A.); (C.Y.); (M.H.); (X.H.); (R.W.)
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (S.A.); (C.Y.); (M.H.); (X.H.); (R.W.)
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (S.A.); (C.Y.); (M.H.); (X.H.); (R.W.)
| | - Zhaofeng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (S.A.); (C.Y.); (M.H.); (X.H.); (R.W.)
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12
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Chalermsri C, Rahman SM, Ekström EC, Muangpaisan W, Aekplakorn W, Satheannopakao W, Ziaei S. Socio-demographic characteristics associated with the dietary diversity of Thai community-dwelling older people: results from the national health examination survey. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:377. [PMID: 35193523 PMCID: PMC8864924 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary diversity (DD) is an indicator of nutrient intake and is related to health outcomes in older people. Currently, limited research exists regarding factors associated with DD in older people in developing countries, such as Thailand, despite rapid growth in this population. Therefore, this study aims to examine the association between socio-demographic characteristics and DD in Thai older people. Methods A cross-sectional study based on the fifth Thai National Health Examination Survey (NHES-V) conducted between 2013 and 2015 was performed. A total of 7,300 nationally representative older participants aged ≥ 60 years were included. The individual-level dietary diversity score (DDS) was assessed as the frequency of consumption of eight food groups using food frequency questionnaires. Each food group was scored from 0 to 4 according to the frequency of consumption. The DDS was calculated as the sum of the scores, ranging from 0 to 32. Socio-demographic characteristics, including age, sex, highest education level, wealth index, living conditions, and residential area, were assessed. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and adjusted for complex survey design. Results The participants had a mean age of 69.7 (SD 7.6) years. The mean DDS of participants was 18.4 (SD 3.9). In the adjusted model, a higher educational level, a higher wealth index, and living in an urban area were positively associated with DDS, with adjusted β (95% CI) values of 1.37 (1.04, 1.70) for secondary education or higher, 0.81 (0.55, 1.06) for the richest group, and 0.24 (0.10, 0.44) for living in an urban area. Nevertheless, living alone had negative associations with DDS, with a β (95% CI) of - 0.27 (- 0.53, - 0.00). Conclusions This study showed that a higher educational level, a higher wealth index, and living in an urban area had a positive association, whereas living alone had a negative association with DD among Thai older participants. Interventions aiming to improve dietary diversity among older people might benefit from targeting more vulnerable groups, particularly those with less education and wealth, those living alone, or those in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalobol Chalermsri
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. .,Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | | | | | - Weerasak Muangpaisan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wichai Aekplakorn
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Shirin Ziaei
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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13
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Hata T, Seino S, Yokoyama Y, Narita M, Nishi M, Hida A, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Interaction of Eating Status and Dietary Variety on Incident Functional Disability among Older Japanese Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:698-705. [PMID: 35842760 PMCID: PMC9209632 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether eating status and dietary variety were associated with functional disability during a 5-year follow-up analysis of older adults living in a Japanese metropolitan area. DESIGN A 5-year follow-up study. SETTING Ota City, Tokyo, Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 10,308 community-dwelling non-disabled adults aged 65-84 years. MEASUREMENTS Eating status was assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. Dietary variety was assessed using the dietary variety score (DVS). Based on the responses, participants were classified according to eating alone or together and DVS categories (low: 0-3; high: 4-10). Functional disability incidence was prospectively identified using the long-term care insurance system's nationally unified database. Multilevel survival analyses calculated the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident functional disability. RESULTS During a 5-year follow-up, 1,991 (19.3%) individuals had functional disabilities. Eating status or DVS were not independently associated with incident functional disability. However, interaction terms between eating status and DVS were associated with functional disability; HR (95% CI) for eating together and low DVS was 1.00 (0.90-1.11), eating alone and high DVS was 0.95 (0.77-1.17), and eating alone and low DVS was 1.20 (1.02-1.42), compared to those with eating together and high DVS. CONCLUSION Older adults should avoid eating alone or increase dietary variety to prevent functional disability. This can be ensured by providing an environment of eating together or food provision services for eating a variety of foods in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hata
- Yoshinori Fujiwara, MD, PhD., Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi City, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan, E-mail: , Phone: +81 (3) 3964-3241 ext. 4257, Fax: +81 (3) 3579-4776
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14
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Positive Association between High Protein Food Intake Frequency and Physical Performance and Higher-Level Functional Capacity in Daily Life. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010072. [PMID: 35010947 PMCID: PMC8746446 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional factors, including low protein intake and poor dietary variety, affect age-associated impairment in physical performance resulting in physical frailty. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between intake frequency of major high protein foods and both physical performance and higher-level functional capacity using the food frequency score (FFS) and high protein food frequency score (PFFS) among community-dwelling older adults. The data of 1185 older adults categorized into quartiles based on FFS and PFFS were analyzed. After adjusting for covariates, FFS and PFFS were significantly associated with physical performance [FFS, usual gait speed (p for trend = 0.007); PFFS, usual gait speed (p for trend < 0.001), maximum gait speed (p for trend = 0.002), timed up and go (p for trend = 0.025)], and higher-level functional capacity [FFS (p for trend < 0.001); PFFS (p for trend < 0.001)]. After excluding PFFS data, the participants’ scores were associated with only higher-level functional capacity. Multi-regression analysis with higher-level functional capacity as the covariate showed that FFS and PFFS were significantly correlated with physical performance. Hence, improving food intake frequency, particularly that of high protein foods, and dietary variety may help maintain higher-level functional capacity and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults.
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15
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Akita M, Otaki N, Yokoro M, Yano M, Tanino N, Fukuo K. Relationship Between Social Activity and Frailty in Japanese Older Women During Restriction on Outings due to COVID-19. Can Geriatr J 2021; 24:320-324. [PMID: 34912486 PMCID: PMC8629505 DOI: 10.5770/cgj.24.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the relationship between social activities and frailty during the restriction on outings due to COVID-19. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting and Subjects This study was conducted in City Nishinomiya of Prefecture Hyogo, in Japan. A mail survey was carried out among women aged 65 years or older in May 2020. A population of 293 women aged 65 years or older living in the community was recruited for the study and 213 of them were analyzed. Measurements The survey included questions on sex, age, height, weight, and social activity. Social activity consisted of participation in social organizations and their frequency, as well as frequency of interaction with family and friends. The survey also asked if regular social activity had been impeded by COVID-19. Results A significant association was found between frailty and hindered interaction with friends (β: 0.176, p = .014). Multivariate linear regression analysis confirmed that this association was also significant in Model 1 (β: 0.158, p = .025), and Model 2 (β: 0.148, p = .034). Conclusions No association between being hindered in social activity and frailty was found in older women living in the community during the restriction on outings due to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Akita
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya
| | - Naoto Otaki
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya.,Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yokoro
- Department of Dietary Life and Food Sciences, Junior College Division, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya
| | - Megumu Yano
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Norikazu Tanino
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fukuo
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya.,Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
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16
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本川 佳. [Food and nutrition for older adults to prevent frailty sarcopenia]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2021; 58:550-555. [PMID: 34880173 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.58.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Sugimoto T, Sakurai T, Akatsu H, Doi T, Fujiwara Y, Hirakawa A, Kinoshita F, Kuzuya M, Lee S, Matsuo K, Michikawa M, Ogawa S, Otsuka R, Sato K, Shimada H, Suzuki H, Suzuki H, Takechi H, Takeda S, Umegaki H, Wakayama S, Arai H. The Japan-Multimodal Intervention Trial for Prevention of Dementia (J-MINT): The Study Protocol for an 18-Month, Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial. JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 2021; 8:465-476. [PMID: 34585222 PMCID: PMC8187136 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2021.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objectives The Japan-multimodal intervention trial for prevention of dementia (J-MINT) is intended to verify the effectiveness of multi-domain interventions and to clarify the mechanism of cognitive improvement and deterioration by carrying out assessment of dementia-related biomarkers, omics analysis and brain imaging analysis among older adults at high risk of dementia. Moreover, the J-MINT trial collaborates with partnering private enterprises in the implementation of relevant interventional measures. This manuscript describes the study protocol. Design/Setting Eighteen-month, multi-centered, randomized controlled trial. Participants We plan to recruit 500 older adults aged 65–85 years with mild cognitive impairment. Subjects will be centrally randomized into intervention and control groups at a 1:1 allocation ratio using the dynamic allocation method with all subjects stratified by age, sex, and cognition. Intervention The multi-domain intervention program includes: (1) management of vascular risk factors; (2) group-based physical exercise and self-monitoring of physical activity; (3) nutritional counseling; and (4) cognitive training. Health-related information will be provided to the control group every two months. Measurements The primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-up. The primary outcome is the change from baseline to 18 months in a global composite score combining several neuropsychological domains. Secondary outcomes include: cognitive change in each neuropsychological test, incident dementia, changes in blood and dementia-related biomarkers, changes in geriatric assessment including activities of daily living, frailty status and neuroimaging, and number of medications taken. Conclusions This trial that enlist the support of private enterprises will lead to the creation of new services for dementia prevention as well as to verify the effectiveness of multi-domain interventions for dementia prevention. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.14283/jpad.2021.29 and is accessible for authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sugimoto
- Takashi Sakurai, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan, Tel: +81-562-46-2311, E-mail:
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18
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Otaki N, Yano M, Yokoro M, Tanino N, Fukuo K. Relationship Between Dietary Variety and Frailty in Older Japanese Women During the Period of Restriction on Outings Due to COVID-19. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 76:e256-e262. [PMID: 33458752 PMCID: PMC7798548 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the relationship between diet and frailty in community-dwelling older adults during the period of restriction on outings due to COVID-19. A population of 322 women aged 65 years or older living in the community was recruited for the study, of whom 253 were analyzed. Method A mail survey was carried out in May 2020, targeting adults aged 65 years or older. The survey included questions regarding sex, age, height, weight, and social participation. Dietary variety score and frailty score were also calculated. Results Mean age for the 253 participants was 80.0±6.4 years. Dietary variety score and frailty score were significantly correlated under linear regression analysis (β :-0.224, P < 0.001). In multivariate regression analysis, these factors remained significantly correlated in Model 2 , which was adjusted for age (β :-0.229, P < 0.001), and Model 3, which was adjusted for age, BMI, and other confounding factors (β :-0.208, P = 0.001). Conclusion Diet was correlated with frailty in older adults living in the community during the period of restriction on outings due to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Otaki
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan.,Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Megumu Yano
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yokoro
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Dietary Life and Food Sciences, Junior College Division, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Norikazu Tanino
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fukuo
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan.,Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
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Association between Diet Quality and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080811. [PMID: 34440555 PMCID: PMC8399213 DOI: 10.3390/life11080811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Nutrition is a key determinant of sarcopenia in later life. (2) Methods: A systematic review of prospective cohort studies examining association of diet quality with muscle mass (MM), muscle strength (MS) or physical performance (PP) among older adults was conducted. A total of 22,885 results were obtained from a literature search in MEDLINE via PubMed and EMBASE up to November 2020. Inclusion criteria included diet quality assessment via dietary indices or statistical approaches, a sample of adults aged 45 years and over at baseline in a longitudinal study design. (3) Results: Of the 22,885 cohort studies, 14 studies were eligible. Meaningful results were obtained for the Mediterranean diet and Nordic diet regarding the decrease of sarcopenia risk, however results from non-European countries were inconsistent. In addition, due to the insufficient number of studies on Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFG-ST), dietary variety score (DVS), and dietary quality index-international (DQI-I), effectiveness was difficult to prove. Studies using factor analysis to examine dietary patterns suggested that the risk of sarcopenia is increased with a high in saturated fat diet such as westernized pattern etc. (4) Conclusion: In this systematic review it was found that various diet qualities are meaningful to a decreased risk of sarcopenia.
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Zhang J, Zhao A. Dietary Diversity and Healthy Aging: A Prospective Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061787. [PMID: 34073820 PMCID: PMC8225052 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Population aging is a global phenomenon. The present study determined the effects of dietary diversity score (DDS) and food consumption on healthy aging. A subset of the data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey was utilized in this study. DDSs were calculated using the dietary data collected in the years 2009 and 2011. A healthy aging score (HAS) was calculated by summing the standardized scores on physical functional limitation, comorbidity, cognitive function, and psychological stress based on the data collected in the year 2015, with a lower HAS indicating a healthier aging process. Life quality was self-reported in the year 2015. This study found that DDS was inversely associated with HAS (T3 vs. T1: β −0.16, 95%CI −0.20 to −0.11, p-trend <0.001). The consumption of meat and poultry, aquatic products, and fruits was inversely associated with HAS, and participants in the highest tertile of staple foods consumption had a higher HAS than those in the lowest tertile. HAS was inversely associated with good self-reported life quality and positively associated with bad life quality. In conclusion, food consumption may influence the aging process, and adherence to a diverse diet is associated with a healthier aging process in elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100091, China;
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100091, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-138-1113-1994
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21
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Dietary variety is associated with sleep efficiency in urban-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 41:391-397. [PMID: 33487295 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Improving sleep quality is important for an aging society. However, no study has been conducted on the association between dietary variety and sleep efficiency among older Japanese adults using longitudinal data. The current study is a longitudinal study that aimed to elucidate the association between dietary variety and sleep efficiency in older Japanese adults. METHODS This study was conducted among older adults (≥70 years old in 2016) in the metropolitan area of Tokyo, Japan, between 2016 and 2018. Dietary variety score (DVS) and sleep efficiency were determined for all participants and were used to assess dietary habits and sleep quality, respectively. A cross-lagged panel analysis was used to consider the prospective associations between DVS and sleep efficiency, and this analysis was performed before and after adjusting for possible covariates in the 2016 data. RESULTS After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, current drinking status, current smoking status, exercise habits, living (alone or with others) style, the Japanese version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (Short Form), sleep duration and retiring time the DVS in 2016 predicted the sleep efficiency in 2018 (β = 0.130, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The possibility that DVS can predict sleep efficiency 2 years later was demonstrated.
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Gomi T, Kitayuguchi J, Okuyama K, Kamada M, Inoue S, Kamioka H, Mutoh Y. Relationship between neighborhood food environment and diet variety in Japanese rural community-dwelling elderly: a cross-sectional study. J Epidemiol 2021; 32:290-297. [PMID: 33456021 PMCID: PMC9086309 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20200415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food access is an important aspect of health promotion for the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between distance to the nearest food store and diet variety in rural community-dwelling elderly Japanese. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 1,103 elderly participants surveyed by mail in rural areas of Japan. Diversity of food intake was assessed using the diet variety score (DVS). Street network distance from home to food store was calculated and categorized by quartile using a geographic information system and analyzed in relation to diet using multivariable regression with the primary outcome as low DVS. Sub-analysis of the association with DVS was conducted for each food store category (convenience store, supermarket, and small food store). The association between intake frequency of each food group and distance was also analyzed. Results Participants in the fourth quartile of distance to food store had significantly higher prevalence ratio (1.15; 95% CI, 1.01–1.32) for low DVS than those in the first quartile. There was a significant tendency between greater distance to food store and lower DVS (P for trend = 0.033). Supermarkets and convenience stores, in particular, showed significant associations. Greater distance was significantly associated with lower frequency of meat and fruit intake. Conclusion There was significant association between distance to nearest food store and diet variety in rural Japanese elderly. These findings suggest the importance of interventions for areas at high risk of low diet variety, such as places far away from food stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsunosuke Gomi
- Physical Education and Medicine Research Center UNNAN.,Department of Environmental Symbiotic Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | | | - Kenta Okuyama
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University
| | - Masamitsu Kamada
- Department of Health and Social Behavior, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University
| | - Hiroharu Kamioka
- Department of Environmental Symbiotic Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture
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Kiuchi Y, Makizako H, Nakai Y, Tomioka K, Taniguchi Y, Kimura M, Kanouchi H, Takenaka T, Kubozono T, Ohishi M. The Association between Dietary Variety and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9010032. [PMID: 33401433 PMCID: PMC7823748 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between diet variety and physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Data of 577 older adults (mean age: 74.0 ± 6.3 years, women: 62.5%) were analyzed. Diet variety was assessed using the Food Frequency Score (FFS) (maximum, 30 points). The FFS assessed the one-week consumption frequency of ten foods (meat, fish/shellfish, eggs, milk & dairy products, soybean products, green & yellow vegetables, potatoes, fruits, seafood, and fats & oil). Physical frailty was assessed using Fried's component (slowness, weakness, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss). The participants were classified into frail, pre-frail, and non-frail groups. The prevalence of physical frailty was 6.6%. This study found significant associations between physical frailty and low FFS after adjusting for covariates (odds ratio (OR) 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84-0.97, p < 0.01). The optimal cutoff point of the FFS for physical frailty was ≤16 points. FFS lower than the cutoff point were significantly associated with physical frailty after adjusting for covariates (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.60-7.50, p < 0.01). Diet variety assessed using the FFS cutoff value of ≤16 points was related to the physical frailty status in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.K.); (K.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-99-275-5111; Fax: +81-99-275-6804
| | - Yuki Nakai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Kazutoshi Tomioka
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.K.); (K.T.); (Y.T.)
- Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center Tarumizu Chuo Hospital, Kagoshima 891-2124, Japan;
| | - Yoshiaki Taniguchi
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.K.); (K.T.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kagoshima Medical Professional College, Kagoshima 891-0133, Japan
| | - Mika Kimura
- Center for Health Promotion, International Life Sciences Institute, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan;
| | - Hiroaki Kanouchi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Rehabilitation, College of Health and Human Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 583-8555, Japan;
| | - Toshihiro Takenaka
- Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center Tarumizu Chuo Hospital, Kagoshima 891-2124, Japan;
| | - Takuro Kubozono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan; (T.K.); (M.O.)
| | - Mitsuru Ohishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan; (T.K.); (M.O.)
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Hoshino D, Hirano H, Edahiro A, Motokawa K, Shirobe M, Watanabe Y, Motohashi Y, Ohara Y, Iwasaki M, Maruoka Y, Yokoyama Y, Narita M, Taniguchi Y, Shinkai S, Kitamura A. Association between Oral Frailty and Dietary Variety among Community-Dwelling Older Persons: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:361-368. [PMID: 33575729 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1538-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between the severity of oral frailty (OF), which is one of the comprehensive oral functions evaluated, and dietary variety in community-dwelling older persons. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Community-based. PARTICIPANTS A total of 769 community-dwelling older persons aged 65 and over. INTERVENTIONS We examined basic demographic information, functional status, cognitive status, depressive symptoms, medical history, and oral functions of the participants. MEASUREMENTS OF was defined by 1-2 and 3 or more of 6 items of oral function evaluation in the pre-oral frailty and oral frailty groups, respectively. Dietary variety was assessed using the dietary variety score (DVS). The participants were categorized into 3 groups for evaluation: those with a low score (0-2), medium score (3-5), and high score (≥6). Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between OF and DVS. RESULTS The rate of OF in the participants was 21.6%, and its severity was significantly associated with DVS after adjusting for potential confounders (Pre-OF; adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.687, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.219-2.335, OF; adjusted OR = 2.857, 95% CI = 1.489-5.484). CONCLUSION The severity of OF was significantly associated with DVS in community-dwelling older persons. This suggests that DVS may be useful in understanding the effects of OF on the nutritional status. Further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the association between OF and DVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hoshino
- Daichi Hoshino, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Division of Community Based Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan, Phone: +81 337 87 1151, Fax: +81 337 85 6403,
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25
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Lin YC, Chang YH. Poor Appetite and Eating Difficulties Can Predict the Long-Term Risk of Falling: A Longitudinal Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. J Appl Gerontol 2020; 40:1465-1474. [PMID: 33267709 DOI: 10.1177/0733464820976439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates whether self-reported nutritional status affects falling among middle-aged and older adults. METHOD We used 8-year follow-up data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. At baseline, respondents' appetite, changes in amount of food intake, and eating difficulties were assessed in a questionnaire-based survey in addition to anthropometric measurements (body mass index, mid-arm circumferences, and involuntary body weight loss). Their associations with falls in the follow-up were examined using multivariable log-binomial regression. RESULTS The study included 2,519 respondents aged 50 years and older. Poor appetite (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.07, 1.46]) and eating difficulties (PR = 1.16, 95% CI = [1.02, 1.32]) significantly predicted falling 8 years later with adjustments for sociodemographics, health behaviors, comorbidities, and anthropometric measures by taking into account probabilities of follow-up. CONCLUSION Poor appetite and eating difficulties can predict falling in the long-term independent of anthropometric measurements among middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Lin
- China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
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26
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Nutrient and food group intakes and skeletal muscle index in the Japanese elderly: a cross-sectional analysis of the NHNS 2017. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:2923-2931. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractObjective:To examine nutrient and food intakes according to the levels of skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in the elderly.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:Data were derived from the 2017 National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan. SMI was calculated by dividing appendicular skeletal muscle (or lean) mass (kg) by height squared (m2). We calculated the multivariable-adjusted means of individuals’ dietary intake. Dietary intake of energy, nutrients and food categories was assessed by examining dietary records using a semi-weighed method and compared according to the sex-specific quartiles of SMI.Participants:Men and women aged ≥60 years.Results:Among 797 men and 969 women, individuals with a higher SMI consumed more energy and more nutrients than did those with a lower SMI after adjusting for age, lifestyle and physical activity factors. After further adjusting for energy intake, total dietary fibre, vitamin A, vitamin B6, K, Fe and Cu were positively associated with higher SMI in men (Pfor trend < 0·05). For food categories, men with a higher SMI consumed more vegetables and meats, but the associations were attenuated after adjustment for energy and remained significant for vegetable only (Pfor trend = 0·018).Conclusions:Japanese elderly people with a higher SMI consumed more energy and nutrients and more vegetables than did those with a lower SMI. This finding shows that diet is important in preventing muscle loss among the elderly in an ageing society.
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Yamamoto K, Motokawa K, Yoshizaki T, Yano T, Hirano H, Ohara Y, Shirobe M, Inagaki H, Awata S, Shinkai S, Watanabe Y. Association of Dietary Variety and Appetite with Sleep Quality in Urban-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:152-159. [PMID: 32003404 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although it has been shown that specific foods and nutrients are associated with sleep quality, few studies have examined the association of dietary variety and appetite with sleep quality in older adults. DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional study was conducted that examined the association of dietary variety and appetite with sleep quality in Japanese adults aged ≥70 years who resided in the metropolitan area of Tokyo, Japan. PARTICIPANTS Data were collected in two steps: a mailed interview survey and an on-site survey. Those who responded to the surveys and met the inclusion criteria were included. MEASUREMENTS Dietary variety, appetite, and sleep quality were assessed using a Dietary Variety Score (DVS), Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ) score, and sleep efficiency, respectively. The sleep efficiency is the ratio of sleep duration to total time in bed (retiring time-awakening time). We defined the individuals with a sleep efficiency less than 75% as having poor sleep quality. RESULTS Mean DVS and CNAQ score were 3.8 and 29.6 points, respectively. The rate of individuals with poor sleep quality was 11.7%. In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratios (OR) for low sleep efficiency in the middle and highest group categories of the DVS were 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54-1.29) and 0.50 (95% CI, 0.28-0.90), respectively, in reference to the lowest group category (p for trend = 0.023). The OR for low sleep efficiency in the middle and highest group categories of the CNAQ score were 0.73 (95% CI, 0.47-1.14) and 0.54 (95% CI, 0.30-0.96), respectively, in reference to the lowest group category (p for trend = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS The higher DVS and CNAQ scores were significantly associated with higher sleep efficiency. Thus, dietary variety and good appetite might help maintain good sleep quality in urban-dwelling older Japanese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamamoto
- Keiko Motokawa, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2, Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Tel: +81-3-3964-1141 (ext. 4213); Fax: +81-3-3964-2316; E-mail:
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Tsuji T, Yamamoto K, Yamasaki K, Hayashi F, Momoki C, Yasui Y, Ohfuji S, Fukushima W, Habu D. Lower dietary variety is a relevant factor for malnutrition in older Japanese home-care recipients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:197. [PMID: 31349800 PMCID: PMC6659217 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nutritional status of the older people is affected by various life-style factors. Although dietary habit is one of the life-style factors, it is unknown which of older home-care recipients’ dietary habits are associated with malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of dietary variety, as an evaluation index for dietary habits, with malnutrition in Japanese older home-care recipients. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in a single city, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan between July and October 2016. Three hundred thirty-three community-dwelling older care recipients (aged 65 years or older who were receiving home-visit nursing care services) were enrolled. Their nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment®-short form: MNA®-SF), dietary variety (Food frequency score [FFS]), socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, marital status, etc.), health indicators (comorbidity [Charlson Comorbidity Index] and dysphagia status [Dysphagia Severity Scale]) were assessed. The participants were classified into two groups: malnourished (0–7 points) and non-malnourished (8–14 points), according to their MNA®-SF scores. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the factors associated with malnutrition. Results A total of 317 participants were analyzed (118 men, 199 women, median age: 84 years). Compared to the fourth (highest) quartile of FFS, odds ratios (OR) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of the third, second, and first (lowest) quartiles of FFS were 1.08 (0.42–2.80), 1.29 (0.56–2.98), and 2.30 (1.02–5.19), respectively (p for trend = 0.049). Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score and the presence of dysphagia were also significantly associated with malnutrition (OR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.08–4.00 and OR: 3.86, 95% CI: 2.08–7.17, respectively). Conclusion Lower dietary variety was significantly associated with malnutrition in Japanese older home-care recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Tsuji
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Yamasaki
- Division of Visiting Nursing, Nishinomiya Social Welfare Corporation, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Fumikazu Hayashi
- Office of Epidemiology, Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Chika Momoki
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Contemporary Human Life Science, Tezukayama University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoko Yasui
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoko Ohfuji
- Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wakaba Fukushima
- Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daiki Habu
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.
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Yokoyama Y, Kitamura A, Yoshizaki T, Nishi M, Seino S, Taniguchi Y, Amano H, Narita M, Shinkai S. Score-Based and Nutrient-Derived Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:896-903. [PMID: 31641742 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1238-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated associations of score-based and nutrient-derived dietary patterns with depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older Japanese. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Community-based. PARTICIPANTS 982 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older. MEASUREMENTS Score-based pattern was assessed by using dietary variety score (DVS), which covers 10 food group items in Japanese meals. Nutrient-derived dietary patterns were identified by using reduced rank regression (RRR), with folate, vitamin C, magnesium, calcium, iron, and zinc intakes as response variables. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for these dietary patterns in multivariate logistic regression analyses with potential confounders. The lowest consumption category was used as the reference group. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 13.5%. Higher DVS was associated with fewer depressive symptoms (OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.27-1.03 for the highest vs the lowest DVS; P for trend=0.031). The first RRR dietary pattern score was characterized by high intakes of fish, soybean products, potatoes, most vegetables, mushrooms, seaweeds, fruits, and green tea and a low intake of rice and was inversely associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms (OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.30-0.92; P for trend=0.030). CONCLUSION Greater dietary variety and a dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of fish, soybean products, potatoes, most vegetables, mushrooms, seaweeds, fruit, and green tea and a low intake of rice were consistently associated with lower prevalence of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older Japanese. Therefore, both patterns identified the components of dietary habits essential to depression prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yokoyama
- Yuri Yokoyama, PhD, Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2, Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan, Tel: +81(3)3964-3241, Fax: +81(3)3579-4776, E-mail:
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30
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Ishibashi H. Locomotive syndrome in Japan. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2018; 4:86-94. [PMID: 30775549 PMCID: PMC6362958 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present aging rate in Japan of some 28% will continue to increase along with the advancing age of elderly persons. Therefore, the demand for care will also increase. Approximately 25% of the need for nursing-care defined by the Japanese long-term care insurance system is associated with disorders or deterioration of locomotive organs. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of diseases in the locomotor system and maintenance of motor function are important for extended healthy life span and to decrease the demand for long-term care. Based on this background, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) proposed the concept of locomotive syndrome (LS) in 2007, which is defined as reduced mobility due to impaired locomotive organs. Changes in locomotion must be noticed early to ensure the timely implementation of appropriate checks and measures of locomotion can uncover risk of acquiring LS. The acquisition of an exercise habit, appropriate nutrition, being active and evaluating and treating locomotion-related diseases are important to delay or avoid LS. The JOA recommends locomotion training consisting of four exercises to prevent and improve LS. Countermeasures against LS should become a meaningful precedent not only for Japan, but for other countries with rapidly aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Ishibashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ina Hospital, 1419 Komuro, Kita-Adachi Ina, Saitama, 362-0608, Japan
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31
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Fukumoto Y, Yamada Y, Ikezoe T, Watanabe Y, Taniguchi M, Sawano S, Minami S, Asai T, Kimura M, Ichihashi N. Association of physical activity with age-related changes in muscle echo intensity in older adults: a 4-year longitudinal study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:1468-1474. [PMID: 30113271 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00317.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasonic echo intensity (EI), an easy-to-use measure of intramuscular fat and fibrous tissues, is known to increase with aging. However, age-related changes in EI have not been examined in a longitudinal design. The objective of this study was to investigate 4-yr longitudinal changes in the EI of the quadriceps femoris in older adults, based on difference in physical activity (PA). This study included 131 community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 72.9 ± 5.2 yr. Subcutaneous fat thickness (FT), muscle thickness (MT), and EI of the quadriceps femoris were measured by ultrasound. Isometric knee extensor strength was also measured. PA was assessed using a questionnaire at baseline, and participants were classified into the high or low PA groups. In 4 yr, a significant decrease in FT, MT, and strength was observed in both groups ( P < 0.05), whereas a significant decrease in EI was observed only in the high PA group ( P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the difference in PA was a significant predictor of 4-yr changes in MT (β = 0.189, P = 0.031) and EI (β = -3.145, P = 0.045) but not in the body mass index, FT, or strength adjusted for potential confounders. The present findings suggest that greater PA has a positive effect on longitudinal changes in the MT and EI of the quadriceps femoris in older adults. In addition, greater PA may contribute to a future decrease in EI, and an increase in EI may not occur in 4 yr, even in older adults with lesser PA. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our results suggest that greater physical activity (PA) may mitigate future changes in muscle thickness and echo intensity (EI). A decrease in EI over 4 yr was observed in older adults with greater PA, and an increase in EI was not observed, even in older adults with smaller PA. Several cross-sectional studies demonstrated an increase in EI with aging. Additionally, the results of our longitudinal study suggest that an age-related increase in EI may be moderated after the old-age period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Nutritional Science, National Institute of Health and Nutrition , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Tome Ikezoe
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Yuya Watanabe
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University , Kyotanabe , Japan
| | - Masashi Taniguchi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sawano
- Rehabilitation Units, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital , Otsu , Japan
| | - Seigo Minami
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Asai
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University , Kobe , Japan
| | - Misaka Kimura
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kyoto Gakuen University, Kameoka, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ichihashi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
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North SM, Wham CA, Teh R, Moyes SA, Rolleston A, Kerse N. High nutrition risk related to dietary intake is associated with an increased risk of hospitalisation and mortality for older Māori: LiLACS NZ. Aust N Z J Public Health 2018; 42:375-381. [PMID: 29888831 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between domains of nutrition risk with hospitalisations and mortality for New Zealand Māori and non-Māori in advanced age. METHODS Within LiLACS NZ, 256 Māori and 399 non-Māori octogenarians were assessed for nutrition risk using the Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition (SCREEN II) questionnaire according to three domains of risk. Sociodemographic and health characteristics were established. Five years from inception, survival analyses examined associations between nutrition risk from the three domains of SCREEN II with all-cause hospital admissions and mortality. RESULTS For Māori but not non-Māori, lower nutrition risk in the Dietary Intake domain was associated with reduced hospitalisations and mortality (Hazard Ratios [HR] [95%CI] 0.97 [0.95-0.99], p=0.009 and 0.91 [0.86-0.98], p=0.005, respectively). The 'Factors Affecting Intake' domain was associated with mortality (HR, [95%CI] 0.94 [0.89-1.00], p=0.048), adjusted for age, gender, socioeconomic deprivation, education, previous hospital admissions, comorbidities and activities of daily living. CONCLUSION Improved dietary adequacy may reduce poor outcomes for older Māori. Implications for public health: Nutrition risk among older Māori is identifiable and treatable. Effort is needed to engage relevant community and whānau (family) support to ensure older Māori have food security and cultural food practices are met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia M North
- School of Food and Nutrition, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Carol A Wham
- School of Food and Nutrition, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Ruth Teh
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon A Moyes
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna Rolleston
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ngaire Kerse
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Motokawa K, Watanabe Y, Edahiro A, Shirobe M, Murakami M, Kera T, Kawai H, Obuchi S, Fujiwara Y, Ihara K, Tanaka Y, Hirano H. Frailty Severity and Dietary Variety in Japanese Older Persons: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:451-456. [PMID: 29484361 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Providing older person individuals with an appropriate intervention at the time of frailty onset is important to prevent the progression of the condition and the need for long-term care. However, the proper timing of starting nutritional and dietary interventions for frail older person subjects has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, in this cross-sectional study, we aimed to clarify the association between frailty and dietary variety among older persons in Japan. We surveyed sex, age, body height, body weight, body mass index, serum albumin level, dietary variety, and nutritional intake indexes in 747 community-dwelling older person individuals who underwent a comprehensive health examination in October 2014. Frailty was determined using the Kihon Checklist (25 questions). Kihon Checklist is widely used to assess frailty in Japan, and their physical, cognitive and social function was evaluated. After excluding those who did not complete the Kihon Checklist and those who required long-term care, frailty status was analyzed in 665 older person individuals. The numbers and percentages of frail, pre-frail and robust older persons were found to be 77 (11.6%), 182 (27.4%) and 406 (61.0%) respectively. Significant differences among robust, pre-frail, and frail subjects were observed in terms of age, serum albumin level, alcohol consumption, smoking, and history of diabetes. Among the nutrition-related indexes, only the dietary variety showed a significant difference. The results of ordinal logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between frailty and sex, age, smoking status, diabetes, and dietary variety score. Dietary variety was significantly associated with the progression of frailty among older persons in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Motokawa
- Yutaka Watanabe, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japa, E-Mail:
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Silva R, Pizato N, da Mata F, Figueiredo A, Ito M, Pereira MG. Mediterranean Diet and Musculoskeletal-Functional Outcomes in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:655-663. [PMID: 29806854 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population aging is increasing and this process together with its characteristics influence the prevalence and incidence of chronic conditions and musculoskeletal-functional outcomes such as frailty, functional disability and sarcopenia. Nutritional strategies focused on dietary patterns, such as a Mediterranean diet, can be protective from these outcomes. PURPOSE To investigate the association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and frailty, functional disability and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older people. METHODS We systematically reviewed electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and others) and grey literature for articles investigating the relationship between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and frailty, functional disability and sarcopenia in community-dwelling people aged 60 and over. Study selection, quality of study assessment and data extraction were conducted independently by two authors. Random effects meta-analyses were performed, and pooled Odds Ratios (OR) were obtained. RESULTS After the literature search, screening and eligibility investigation, we included 12studies, with a total of 20,518 subjects. A higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet was found to be inversely associated with frailty (OR 0.42, 95% CI: 0.28-0.65, I2=24.9%, p=0.262) and functional disability (OR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61-0.93, I2=0.0%, p=0.78). Highly different study characteristics prevented us from performing a meta-analysis for sarcopenia. Cohort data indicated no association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and sarcopenia; however, cross-sectional results showed a positive relationship. CONCLUSION A Mediterranean diet is protective of frailty and functional disability, but not of sarcopenia. More longitudinal studies are needed to understand the relationship between a Mediterranean diet and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Silva
- Roberta Silva, Universidade de Brasilia, Brazil, ;
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Fukuda Y, Ishikawa M, Yokoyama T, Hayashi T, Nakaya T, Takemi Y, Kusama K, Yoshiike N, Nozue M, Yoshiba K, Murayama N. Physical and social determinants of dietary variety among older adults living alone in Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17:2232-2238. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Fukuda
- Teikyo University; Graduate School of Public Health; Itabashi Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaoru Kusama
- Aomori University of Health and Welfare; Aomori Japan
| | | | - Miho Nozue
- National institutes of Biomedical Innovation; Health and Nutrition; Shinjuku Japan
| | - Kaori Yoshiba
- Japan Association for Development of Community Medicine; Chiyoda Japan
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Olendzki B, Procter-Gray E, Magee MF, Youssef G, Kane K, Churchill L, Ockene J, Li W. Racial Differences in Misclassification of Healthy Eating Based on Food Frequency Questionnaire and 24-Hour Dietary Recalls. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:787-798. [PMID: 28717809 PMCID: PMC5607776 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the agreement in nutrient intake and alternate healthy eating indices (AHEI) between a self-administered Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hour recall (24HR) measurements of diet by race, among urban older women. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING Urban neighborhoods in Washington, DC, USA. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling White and Black women aged 65 and older. MEASUREMENTS In 2014 and 2015, 49 White and 44 Black older women were queried on diet using both FFQ and 24-hour recalls. The correlation coefficients of 55 nutrient intake measures and agreements on healthy eating classification between the two instruments were compared overall and by race. RESULTS The mean correlation coefficient (rho) was 0.46 for Whites and 0.23 for Blacks. For 47 measures, rho was lower for Blacks. Whites had a strong correlation of ≥0.5 for 28 items, while Blacks had strong correlations for only 3 items. Based on FFQ, the mean (SD) of AHEI were 54.0 (10.3) for Whites and 45.9 (8.8) for Blacks (p<0.001). Based on 24HR, the mean (SD) were 43.9 (10.8) for Whites and 33.2 (9.6) for Blacks (p<0.001). Using 32 as the cutoff (40% of maximum AHEI score), 50% of Blacks and 14% of Whites were classified as eating unhealthy based on the 24HR, versus 2.6% and 0% based on the FFQ. CONCLUSION The FFQ has limited ability to accurately assess nutrient intake among older Black women, and tends to underestimate racial differences in healthy eating. The FFQ should be further improved for use in racial disparities research of healthy eating in older age, using a larger sample of older women with racial and geographic diversities.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Olendzki
- Wenjun Li, PhD, Health Statistics and Geography Lab, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School S4-314, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, Phone: 774-455-4215, Fax: 508-856-4543,
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Yokoyama Y, Nishi M, Murayama H, Amano H, Taniguchi Y, Nofuji Y, Narita M, Matsuo E, Seino S, Kawano Y, Shinkai S. Dietary Variety and Decline in Lean Mass and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese: A 4-year Follow-Up Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:11-16. [PMID: 27999844 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine associations of dietary variety with changes in lean mass and physical performance during a 4-year period in an elderly Japanese population. DESIGN Four-year prospective study. SETTING The Hatoyama Cohort Study and Kusatsu Longitudinal Study, Japan. PARTICIPANTS 935 community-dwelling Japanese aged 65 years or older. MEASUREMENTS Dietary variety was assessed using a 10-item food frequency questionnaire. Body composition was determined by multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis, and physical performance (grip strength and usual gait speed) was measured in surveys at baseline and 4 years later. Longitudinal analysis included only participants who were originally in the upper three quartiles of lean body mass, appendicular lean mass, grip strength, and usual gait speed. The outcome measures were decline in lean body mass, appendicular lean mass, grip strength, and usual gait speed, defined as a decrease to the lowest baseline quartile level at the 4-year follow-up survey. Associations of dietary variety with the outcome measures were examined by logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratios for decline in grip strength and usual gait speed were 0.43 (95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.99) and 0.43 (confidence interval, 0.19-0.99), respectively, for participants in the highest category of dietary variety score as compared with those in the lowest category. Dietary variety was not significantly associated with changes in lean body mass or appendicular lean mass. CONCLUSION Among older adults, greater dietary variety may help maintain physical performance, such as grip strength and usual gait speed, but not lean mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yokoyama
- Yuri Yokoyama, Department of Food and Nutritional Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan, Tel and Fax: +81 (3) 5477-2453, E-mail:
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