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Lyngdoh D, Warjri CD, ZAS P, Shabong GC. Morphological and molecular analysis of Isoparorchis trisimilibutis from catfish in Northeast India on the basis of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. J Parasit Dis 2023; 47:671-676. [PMID: 37520205 PMCID: PMC10382427 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-023-01613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoparorchis is an endoparasite of fish that is found in the swim bladder of Wallago attu. Isoparorchis is predominant in Asian countries, Russia and also Australia. Four species of Isoparorchis have been found to be taxonomically valid. In India, I. hypselobagri and I. trisimilibutis have been morphologically described. The sample collected from Northeast India is subjected to both morphological and molecular analysis. Molecular markers like mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I gene and the ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 gene markers have aided the identification and characterization of parasites particularly flatworms. The morphological and the molecular assessment indicate the presence of I. trisimilibutis in Northeast India. This report is the first locality and regional report from India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damanbha Lyngdoh
- Department of Zoology, St. Anthony’s College, Shillong, Meghalaya India
| | - Calvin D. Warjri
- Department of Zoology, William Carey University, Shillong, Meghalaya India
| | - Philayung ZAS
- Department of Zoology, William Carey University, Shillong, Meghalaya India
| | - George C. Shabong
- Department of Zoology, St. Anthony’s College, Shillong, Meghalaya India
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Williams M, Hernandez-Jover M, Shamsi S. Parasites of zoonotic interest in selected edible freshwater fish imported to Australia. Food Waterborne Parasitol 2022; 26:e00138. [PMID: 34977391 PMCID: PMC8686024 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2021.e00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Australia imports a significant amount of edible freshwater fish. The safety of the imported product is therefore of great importance. Previous research has shown that certain types of edible freshwater fish imported into Australia are not compliant with Australian importation guidelines and additionally are contaminated with many species of parasites, some of which may cause illness in humans if consumed. The present study, to the best of authors knowledge, is the first to publish the occurrence of zoonotic parasites in edible fish imported into Australia. Eustrongylides sp. Jägerskiöld, 1909 (P. 15.5%), family Dioctophymidae; Euclinostomum sp. Travassos, 1928 (P. 4.8%), family Clinostomidae, were recovered from imported edible and consumer ready Channidae fish and Isoparorchis sp. Southwell, 1913 (P. 11%), family Isoparorchiidae, from imported edible Bagridae fish. Euclinostomum sp. and Isoparorchis sp. were identified using morphological method. Molecular identification of Eustrongylides sp. was achieved through sequencing of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequence. Eustrongylides sp. and Isoparorchis sp. have been identified as the causative agent in cases of human infection and are a recognised zoonosis. Euclinostomum sp. is considered to have zoonotic potential and for this reason this species has been included in the importation risk assessments for freshwater fish from certain countries. This study confirmed the presence of zoonotic parasite species in edible imported fish. Whilst this fish product was frozen and parasites therefore inactivated, both fish species according to importation commodity codes, at the time this manuscript was written, are permitted entry into Australia chilled. Further study using a greater sample size is required to understand the human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Williams
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Marta Hernandez-Jover
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
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Won EJ, Lee YJ, Kim MJ, Chai JY, Na BK, Sohn WM. Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Clinostomid Metacercariae from Korea and Myanmar. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 58:635-645. [PMID: 33412767 PMCID: PMC7806432 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Morphological and molecular characterization of clinostomid metacercariae (CMc) was performed with the specimens collected in fish from Korea and Myanmar. Total 6 batches of clinostomid specimens by the fish species and geographical localities, 5 Korean and 1 Myanmar isolates, were analyzed with morphological (light microscopy and SEM) and molecular methods (the cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene and internal transcribed spacer 1/5.8S rRNA sequence). There were some morphological variations among CMc specimens from Korea. However, some morphometrics, i.e., the size of worm body and each organ, ratio of body length to body width, and morphology of cecal lumens, were considerably different between the specimens from Korea and Myanmar. The surface ultrastructures were somewhat different between the specimens from Korea and Myanmar. The CO1 sequences of 5 Korean specimens ranging 728–736 bp showed 99.6–100% identity with Clinostomum complanatum (GenBank no. KM923964). They also showed 99.9–100% identity with C. complanatum (FJ609420) in the ITS1 sequences ranging 692–698 bp. Meanwhile, the ITS1 sequences of Myanmar specimen showed 99.9% identity with Euclinostomum heterostomum (KY312847). Five sequences from Korean specimens clustered with the C. complanatum genes, but not clustered with Myanmar specimens. Conclusively, it was confirmed that CMc from Korea were morphologically and molecularly identical with C. complanatum and those from Myanmar were E. heterostomum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Won
- Departments of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Lee
- Departments of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Moon-Ju Kim
- Departments of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea.,Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Voronova AN, Besprozvannykh VV, Ngo HD, Plekhova NG, Hung NM, Tatonova YV. Paragonimus heterotremus Chen et Hsia, 1964 (Digenea: Paragonimidae): species identification based on the biological and genetic criteria, and pathology of infection. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:4073-4088. [PMID: 33068148 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06929-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
As a result of the experimental infection of rats with metacercariae of Paragonimus heterotremus Chen et Hsia, 1964 from crabs (Potamiscus tannanti) caught in Yen Bai province, Vietnam, it was found that worms migrated into the lungs, to the liver and less frequently to the tissue that lines body cavities of the hosts, where they reached the adult stage, but in the muscles, worms stayed at the larval stage. Studies have shown that for P. heterotremus, rats can simultaneously play the role of the final and paratenic host; herewith, an infection with the trematode of this species can lead to the development of three forms of paragonimiasis: pulmonary, hepatic and muscular. Eggs from the adult worms localised in the liver, unlike eggs from the adult worms localised in the lungs, were not excreted into the external environment, but accumulated inside the organ. Histology and description of changes, which take place on the external surface of organs affected with P. heterotremus, are given in this study. Based on the behavioural characteristics of worms during rat infection and molecular genetic data, we established that worms from Vietnam and India should be assigned to different species of Paragonimus. P. heterotremus distribution is limited to the territory of the Southeast China, Northern Vietnam, Laos and Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia N Voronova
- Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Vladimir V Besprozvannykh
- Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Ha Duy Ngo
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Natalia G Plekhova
- Pacific State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Nguyen Manh Hung
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yulia V Tatonova
- Federal Scientific Centre of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
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Genetic divergence of human pathogens Nanophyetus spp. (Trematoda: Troglotrematidae) on the opposite sides of the Pacific Rim. Parasitology 2016; 144:601-612. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182016002171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYHuman and animal nanophyetiasis is caused by intestinal flukes belonging to the genus Nanophyetus distributed on both North American and Eurasian coasts of Northern Pacific. In spite of the wide geographical distribution and medical and veterinary importance of these flukes, the intra-generic taxonomy of Nanophyetus spp. remains unresolved. The two most widely distributed nominal species, Nanophyetus salmincola and Nanophyetus schikhobalowi, both parasitizing humans and carnivorous mammals, were described from North America and eastern Eurasia, respectively. However, due to their high morphological similarity their interrelationships remained unclear and taxonomic status unstable. In this study, we explored genetic diversity of Nanophyetus spp. from the Southern Russian Far East in comparison with that of samples from North America based on the sequence variation of the nuclear ribosomal gene family (18S, internal transcribed spacers, ITS1-5·8S-ITS2 and 28S). High levels of genetic divergence in each rDNA region (nucleotide substitutions, indels, alterations in the secondary structures of the ITS1 and ITS2 transcripts) as well as results of phylogenetic analysis provided strong support for the status of N. salmincola and N. schikhobalowi as independent species.
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Trematode diversity in freshwater fishes of the Globe I: ‘Old World’. Syst Parasitol 2016; 93:257-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-016-9630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Utilizing ribosomal DNA gene marker regions to characterize the metacercariae (Trematoda: Digenea) parasitizing piscine intermediate hosts in Manipur, Northeast India. J Parasit Dis 2014; 40:330-8. [PMID: 27413301 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater fishes in Manipur, Northeast India frequently harbour several types of metacercariae, which based on morphological criteria were identified as Clinostomoides brieni, Euclinostomum heterostomum (Clinostomidae) and Polylekithum sp. (Allocreadiidae). Molecular techniques utilizing PCR amplification of rDNA regions of larger subunit (LSU or 28S), smaller subunit (SSU or 18S) and inter transcribed spacers (ITS1, 2) were used for molecular characterization of these types. Sequences generated from the metacercariae were compared with their related sequences available in public databases; an analysis of the identity matrices and phylogenetic trees constructed was also carried out, which confirmed their identification. Similarly, the sequences generated from Polylekithum sp. were found to be highly similar to the species of the same genus. The rDNA ITS2 secondary structure provided additional confirmation of the robustness of the molecular marker as a tool for taxon-specific characterization.
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