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Galindo CM, Milani L, de Lima LTF, Adami ER, Go S, de Noronha L, Beltrame OC, Klassen G, de Souza Ramos EA, Elferink RPJO, Acco A. 4-Nitrochalcone as a potential drug in non-clinical breast cancer studies. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110790. [PMID: 37939893 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a high-magnitude public health problem, continually challenging physicians and scientists worldwide in the field of drug therapy. 4-nitrochalcone (4NC) is a phenolic compound that has promising antitumor activity in vitro, but its application in breast cancer treatment is still poorly explored. This study aimed to evaluate the action of 4NC in vitro and in vivo breast cancer models. The cytotoxic potential of 4NC was tested towards MCF-7 and MDA-MD-231 breast cancer cells, with a lower impact in the non-tumor lineage HB4a. For in vivo studies, solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) was used, a syngeneic mouse model with non-nuclear estrogen and progesterone positivity, characterized by immunohistochemistry. Daily oral administration of 4NC (25 mg kg-1) for 21 days led to a consistent reduction in tumor growth compared to the vehicle group. No signs of toxicity evaluated by hematological, biochemical, histological, and oxidative stress parameters were observed in mice, and the DL50 was >2000 mg kg-1. The effectors Raptor and S6K1 showed decreased activation, with a consequent reduction in protein synthesis; concomitantly, there was an increase in LC3-II levels, but the protective autophagic response was not completed, with the maintenance of p62 levels and cell death. These results open new possibilities for the use of 4NC as a tumor cell metabolism modulating agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Letícia Milani
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Simei Go
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lucia de Noronha
- Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Olair Carlos Beltrame
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Giseli Klassen
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ronald P J Oude Elferink
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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2
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Lambouras M, Roelofs C, Pereira M, Gruber E, Vieusseux JL, Lanteri P, Johnstone CN, Muntz F, O’Toole S, Ooms LM, Mitchell CA, Anderson RL, Britt KL. Functional and Phenotypic Characterisations of Common Syngeneic Tumour Cell Lines as Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065666. [PMID: 36982737 PMCID: PMC10053941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers (ER+ BCas) are the most common form of BCa and are increasing in incidence, largely due to changes in reproductive practices in recent decades. Tamoxifen is prescribed as a component of standard-of-care endocrine therapy for the treatment and prevention of ER+ BCa. However, it is poorly tolerated, leading to low uptake of the drug in the preventative setting. Alternative therapies and preventatives for ER+ BCa are needed but development is hampered due to a paucity of syngeneic ER+ preclinical mouse models that allow pre-clinical experimentation in immunocompetent mice. Two ER-positive models, J110 and SSM3, have been reported in addition to other tumour models occasionally shown to express ER (for example 4T1.2, 67NR, EO771, D2.0R and D2A1). Here, we have assessed ER expression and protein levels in seven mouse mammary tumour cell lines and their corresponding tumours, in addition to their cellular composition, tamoxifen sensitivity and molecular phenotype. By immunohistochemical assessment, SSM3 and, to a lesser extent, 67NR cells are ER+. Using flow cytometry and transcript expression we show that SSM3 cells are luminal in nature, whilst D2.0R and J110 cells are stromal/basal. The remainder are also stromal/basal in nature; displaying a stromal or basal Epcam/CD49f FACS phenotype and stromal and basal gene expression signatures are overrepresented in their transcript profile. Consistent with a luminal identity for SSM3 cells, they also show sensitivity to tamoxifen in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the data indicate that the SSM3 syngeneic cell line is the only definitively ER+ mouse mammary tumour cell line widely available for pre-clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lambouras
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Charlotte Roelofs
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Melrine Pereira
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Emily Gruber
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Jessica L. Vieusseux
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Patrick Lanteri
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Cameron N. Johnstone
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Fenella Muntz
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Sandra O’Toole
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- Australian Clinical Labs, Sydney, NSW 2153, Australia
| | - Lisa M. Ooms
- Cancer Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Christina A. Mitchell
- Cancer Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Robin L. Anderson
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Kara L. Britt
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-38599-7110
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Turna O, Deveci Ozkan A, Guney Eskiler G, Baykal A, Ozten O, Yildirim F, Armutak EI, Kamanli AF, Lim HS, Kaleli S, Kasikci G, Yildiz SZ. Comparison of the anti-cancer activity of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy after continuous wave and pulse irradiation in different histological types of canine mammary sarcoma tumors. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:70. [PMID: 36780027 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Canine mammary sarcoma tumors (CMST) are the most aggressive tumors with poor prognosis in dogs. Due to inadequate treatment options for CMST, recent studies have focused on alternative treatment strategies. We previously determined the optimized protocol of 5-ALA-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) in canine liposarcoma. However, its molecular mechanisms in the treatment of different histological types of CMST remain unclear.In this context, we, for the first time, assessed 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-PDT-mediated anti-cancer activity and its molecular mechanism after continuous wave (CW) and pulse radiation (PR) on three different histological types (liposarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and osteosarcoma) of CMST cells by WST-1, Annexin V, ROS, acridine orange/propidium iodide staining, RT-PCR, and western blot analysis.Our findings showed that 5-ALA/PDT significantly suppressed the proliferation of CMST cells (p < 0.01) and induced apoptosis via increased ROS level and overexpression of Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 mRNA and cleaved protein levels in especially liposarcoma and chondrosarcoma cells following CW and PR irradiation at 9 J/cm2. However, the response of CMST cells to 5-ALA was different upon CW and PR irradiation due to differences in their origin.Collectively, our findings provided the first evidence that 5-ALA-based PDT could be used as an alternative treatment strategy, especially liposarcoma and chondrosarcoma. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of the efficacy of 5-ALA in CMST cells at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Turna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Deveci Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Gamze Guney Eskiler
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Aslihan Baykal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozge Ozten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Natural Sciences, Sakarya University of Applied Science, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Funda Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Ilkay Armutak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Furkan Kamanli
- Department of Electric and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Hyun Soo Lim
- Department of Electric and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Kaleli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Guven Kasikci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Salih Zeki Yildiz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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Agostini M, Mancini M, Candi E. Long non-coding RNAs affecting cell metabolism in cancer. Biol Direct 2022; 17:26. [PMID: 36182907 PMCID: PMC9526990 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-022-00341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is commonly recognized as one important hallmark of cancers. Cancer cells present significant alteration of glucose metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and lipid metabolism. Recent findings demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs control cancer development and progression by modulating cell metabolism. Here, we give an overview of breast cancer metabolic reprogramming and the role of long non-coding RNAs in driving cancer-specific metabolic alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Agostini
- Department Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", TOR, Via Montpellier,1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Mancini
- IDI-IRCCS, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", TOR, Via Montpellier,1, 00133, Rome, Italy. .,IDI-IRCCS, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00166, Rome, Italy.
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Smart E, Semina SE, Alejo LH, Kansara NS, Frasor J. Estrogen Receptor-Regulated Gene Signatures in Invasive Breast Cancer Cells and Aggressive Breast Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122848. [PMID: 35740514 PMCID: PMC9221274 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastatic breast cancer remains a major clinical problem, contributing to significant patient mortality, which is partly due to a lack of understanding around the early changes within the primary tumor. Tumors frequently become more aggressive and less treatable due to the activation of other signaling pathways, and, in ER+ disease, one of these pathways is NFκB. The coactivation of ER and NFκB (via IKKβ) promotes invasion and metastasis, and, here, we identify the signatures that are associated with these phenotypes. These signatures improve our understanding of how ER can drive aggressive disease, and may lead to the identification of key drivers, which could potentially be targeted with future therapies. Abstract Most metastatic breast cancers arise from estrogen receptor α (ER)-positive disease, and yet the role of ER in promoting metastasis is unclear. Here, we used an ER+ breast cancer cell line that is highly invasive in an ER- and IKKβ-dependent manner. We defined two ER-regulated gene signatures that are specifically regulated in the subpopulations of invasive cells. The first consists of proliferation-associated genes, which is a known function of ER, which actually suppress rather than enhance invasion. The second signature consists of genes involved in essential biological processes, such as organelle assembly and vesicle trafficking. Importantly, the second subpopulation-specific signature is associated with aggressive disease and poor patient outcome, independently of proliferation. These findings indicate a complex interplay between ER-driven proliferation and invasion, and they define new ER-regulated gene signatures that are predictive of aggressive ER+ breast cancer.
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Endocrine Therapy-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells Are More Sensitive to Ceramide Kinase Inhibition and Elevated Ceramide Levels Than Therapy-Sensitive Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102380. [PMID: 35625985 PMCID: PMC9140186 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Endocrine therapy (ET) resistance is a major problem in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients. Since there have been few lipidomic studies in ET resistance and sphingolipids are heavily implicated in multidrug-resistant and chemotherapy-resistant cancers, we aimed to investigate the sphingolipidome of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells in search of a unique sphingolipid profile that can potentially be exploited therapeutically. We found that ET-resistant breast cancer cells maintain a lower level of ceramides for their survival. In order to achieve this, they are dependent on ceramide kinase (CERK), the activity of which helps maintain low endogenous ceramide levels, therefore promoting tamoxifen-resistant cell survival. Targeting CERK can therefore represent an opportunity to target therapy-resistant breast tumors and improve the patient outcome for women with ET-resistant disease. Abstract ET resistance is a critical problem for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. In this study, we have investigated how alterations in sphingolipids promote cell survival in ET-resistant breast cancer. We have performed LC-MS-based targeted sphingolipidomics of tamoxifen-sensitive and -resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Follow-up studies included treatments of cell lines and patient-derived xenograft organoids (PDxO) with small molecule inhibitors; cytometric analyses to measure cell death, proliferation, and apoptosis; siRNA-mediated knockdown; RT-qPCR and Western blot for gene and protein expression; targeted lipid analysis; and lipid addback experiments. We found that tamoxifen-resistant cells have lower levels of ceramides and hexosylceramides compared to their tamoxifen-sensitive counterpart. Upon perturbing the sphingolipid pathway with small molecule inhibitors of key enzymes, we identified that CERK is essential for tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cell survival, as well as a fulvestrant-resistant PDxO. CERK inhibition induces ceramide-mediated cell death in tamoxifen-resistant cells. Ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) partially reverses CERK inhibition-induced cell death in tamoxifen-resistant cells, likely through lowering endogenous ceramide levels. Our findings suggest that ET-resistant breast cancer cells maintain lower ceramide levels as an essential pro-survival mechanism. Consequently, ET-resistant breast cancer models have a unique dependence on CERK as its activity can inhibit de novo ceramide production.
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Lena AM, Foffi E, Agostini M, Mancini M, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Aberdam D, Velletri T, Shi Y, Melino G, Wang Y, Candi E. TAp63 regulates bone remodeling by modulating the expression of TNFRSF11B/Osteoprotegerin. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:2428-2441. [PMID: 34763601 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1985772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS MSC, mesenchymal stem cells; OPG, osteoprotegerin; RUNX2, Run-trelated transcription factor 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Erica Foffi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Tania Velletri
- Cogentech Società Benefit Srl, Parco Scientifico E Tecnologico Della Sicilia, Catania, Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- Cas Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Ying Wang
- Cas Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,IDI-IRCCS, Via dei Monti di Creta, Rome, IT
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Smart E, Semina SE, Frasor J. Update on the Role of NFκB in Promoting Aggressive Phenotypes of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. Endocrinology 2020; 161:bqaa152. [PMID: 32887995 PMCID: PMC7521126 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The majority of breast cancers are diagnosed as estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and respond well to ER-targeted endocrine therapy. Despite the initial treatability of ER+ breast cancer, this subtype still accounts for the majority of deaths. This is partly due to the changing molecular characteristics of tumors as they progress to aggressive, metastatic, and frequently therapy resistant disease. In these advanced tumors, targeting ER alone is often less effective, as other signaling pathways become active, and ER takes on a redundant or divergent role. One signaling pathway whose crosstalk with ER has been widely studied is the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling pathway. NFκB is frequently implicated in ER+ tumor progression to an aggressive disease state. Although ER and NFκB frequently co-repress each other, it has emerged that the 2 pathways can positively converge to play a role in promoting endocrine resistance, metastasis, and disease relapse. This will be reviewed here, paying particular attention to new developments in the field. Ultimately, finding targeted therapies that remain effective as tumors progress remains one of the biggest challenges for the successful treatment of ER+ breast cancer. Although early attempts to therapeutically block NFκB activity frequently resulted in systemic toxicity, there are some effective options. The drugs parthenolide and dimethyl fumarate have both been shown to effectively inhibit NFκB, reducing tumor aggressiveness and reversing endocrine therapy resistance. This highlights the need to revisit targeting NFκB in the clinic to potentially improve outcome for patients with ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Smart
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Svetlana E Semina
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonna Frasor
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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