1
|
Suárez‐Tovar CM, Guillermo‐Ferreira R, Cooper IA, Cezário RR, Córdoba‐Aguilar A. Dragon colors: the nature and function of Odonata (dragonfly and damselfly) coloration. J Zool (1987) 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Suárez‐Tovar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Instituto de Ecología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
| | - R. Guillermo‐Ferreira
- Lestes Lab Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro Uberaba Brazil
- Graduate program in Entomology University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - I. A. Cooper
- Biology Department James Madison University Harrisonburg VA USA
| | - R. R. Cezário
- Lestes Lab Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro Uberaba Brazil
- Graduate program in Entomology University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - A. Córdoba‐Aguilar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Instituto de Ecología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cezário RR, Gorb SN, Guillermo‐Ferreira R. Camouflage by counter‐brightness: the blue wings of Morpho dragonflies
Zenithoptera lanei
(Anisoptera: Libellulidae) match the water background. J Zool (1987) 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Cezário
- Department of Biological Sciences Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro Uberaba Brazil
- Graduate Program in Entomology University of São Paulo (USP) Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - S. N. Gorb
- Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics Zoological Institute Kiel University Kiel Germany
| | - R. Guillermo‐Ferreira
- Department of Biological Sciences Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro Uberaba Brazil
- Graduate Program in Entomology University of São Paulo (USP) Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Golab MJ, Sniegula S, Antoł A, Brodin T. Adult insect personality in the wild- Calopteryx splendens as a model for field studies. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:18467-18476. [PMID: 35003685 PMCID: PMC8717306 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal personality has received increasing interest and acknowledgment within ecological research over the past two decades. However, some areas are still poorly studied and need to be developed. For instance, field studies focused on invertebrates are currently highly underrepresented in the literature. More studies including a wider variety of traits measured and species tested are needed to improve our understanding of trait-correlation patterns and generalities. We studied nine behavioral traits, in the damselfly Calopteryx splendens, from an array of three experiments: (i) courtship, (ii) aggressiveness, and (iii) boldness, and calculated their repeatability. The behaviors were measured twice in two different contexts: (i) undisturbed territory and (ii) partially deteriorated territory. Traits related to courtship and boldness were all repeatable across the two contexts. Among aggressive behaviors, only one trait (number of hits) was repeatable. This work demonstrates, for the first time, the presence of within-population personality differences in an adult damselfly in the wild. We further propose C. splendens as a promising model species for testing personality in the wild under highly controlled environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Golab
- Institute of Nature ConservationPolish Academy of SciencesKrakówPoland
| | - Szymon Sniegula
- Institute of Nature ConservationPolish Academy of SciencesKrakówPoland
| | - Andrzej Antoł
- Institute of Nature ConservationPolish Academy of SciencesKrakówPoland
| | - Tomas Brodin
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kohli M, Letsch H, Greve C, Béthoux O, Deregnaucourt I, Liu S, Zhou X, Donath A, Mayer C, Podsiadlowski L, Gunkel S, Machida R, Niehuis O, Rust J, Wappler T, Yu X, Misof B, Ware J. Evolutionary history and divergence times of Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) revealed through transcriptomics. iScience 2021; 24:103324. [PMID: 34805787 PMCID: PMC8586788 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dragonflies and damselflies are among the earliest flying insects with extant representatives. However, unraveling details of their long evolutionary history, such as egg laying (oviposition) strategies, is impeded by unresolved phylogenetic relationships, particularly in damselflies. Here we present a transcriptome-based phylogenetic reconstruction of Odonata, analyzing 2,980 protein-coding genes in 105 species representing nearly all the order's families. All damselfly and most dragonfly families are recovered as monophyletic. Our data suggest a sister relationship between dragonfly families of Gomphidae and Petaluridae. According to our divergence time estimates, both crown-Zygoptera and -Anisoptera arose during the late Triassic. Egg-laying with a reduced ovipositor apparently evolved in dragonflies during the late Jurassic/early Cretaceous. Lastly, we also test the impact of fossil choice and placement, particularly, of the extinct fossil species, †Triassolestodes asiaticus, and †Proterogomphus renateae on divergence time estimates. We find placement of †Proterogomphus renateae to be much more impactful than †Triassolestodes asiaticus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kohli
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harald Letsch
- Department for Animal Biodiversity, Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carola Greve
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Olivier Béthoux
- CR2P (Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie – Paris), MNHN – CNRS – Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Deregnaucourt
- CR2P (Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie – Paris), MNHN – CNRS – Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Shanlin Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alexander Donath
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Mayer
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Podsiadlowski
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Simon Gunkel
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ryuichiro Machida
- Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Sugadaira Kogen, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
| | - Oliver Niehuis
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), Albert Ludwig University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jes Rust
- Palaeontology Section, Institute of Geosciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Torsten Wappler
- Palaeontology Section, Institute of Geosciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Xin Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Bernhard Misof
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jessica Ware
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ensaldo-Cárdenas AS, Rocha-Ortega M, Schneider D, Robertson BA, Córdoba-Aguilar A. Ultraviolet polarized light and individual condition drive habitat selection in tropical damselflies and dragonflies. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
6
|
Liu G, Wang Q, Liu X, Li X, Pang X, Zhang D. Antennal and palpal sensilla of three predatory Lispe species (Diptera: Muscidae): an ultrastructural investigation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18357. [PMID: 34526584 PMCID: PMC8443604 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97677-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Antennae and maxillary palps are the most important chemical reception organs of flies. So far, the morphology of antennae and maxillary palps of flies of most feeding habits have been well described, except for that of relatively rare aquatic predatory species. This study describes sensilla on antennae and maxillary palps of three aquatic predatory Lispe species: Lispe longicollis, L. orientalis and L. pygmaea. Types, distribution, and density of sensilla are characterised via light and scanning electron microscopy. One type of mechanoreceptors is found on antennal scape. Mechanoreceptors (two subtypes) and one single pedicellar button (in L. pygmaea) are located on antennal pedicel. Four types of sensilla are discovered on antennal postpedicel: trichoid sensilla, basiconic sensilla (three subtypes), coeloconic sensilla and clavate sensilla. A unique character of these Lispe species is that the coeloconic sensilla are distributed sparsely on antennal postpedicel. Mechanoreceptors and basiconic sensilla are observed on the surface of maxillary palps in all three species. We demonstrated clear sexual dimorphism of the maxillary palps in some of the Lispe species, unlike most other Muscidae species, are larger in males than females. This, along with their courtship dance behaviour, suggest their function as both chemical signal receiver and visual signal conveyer, which is among the few records of a chemical reception organ act as a signal conveyer in insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genting Liu
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Qike Wang
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Xianhui Liu
- University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road No. 35, Mailbox 162, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiunan Pang
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road No. 35, Mailbox 162, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road No. 35, Mailbox 162, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
McDevitt-Galles T, Carpenter SA, Koprivnikar J, Johnson PTJ. How predator and parasite size interact to determine consumption of infectious stages. Oecologia 2021; 197:551-564. [PMID: 34405300 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-05010-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Parasites are important players in ecological communities that can shape community structure and influence ecosystem energy flow. Yet beyond their effects on hosts, parasites can also function as an important prey resource for predators. Predators that consume infectious stages in the environment can benefit from a nutrient-rich prey item while concurrently reducing transmission to downstream hosts, highlighting the broad importance of this interaction. Less clear, however, are the specific characteristics of parasites and predators that increase the likelihood of consumption. Here, we determine what combination(s) of predator and parasite morphological traits lead to high parasite consumption. We exposed the infectious stages (cercariae) of five trematode (fluke) taxa to aquatic insect predators with varying foraging strategies and morphologies. Across the 19 predator-parasite combinations tested, damselfly predators in the family Coenagrionidae were, on average, the most effective predators of cercariae, consuming between 13 and 55% of administered cercariae. Large-bodied cercariae of Ribeiroia ondatrae had the highest average vulnerability to predation, with 37-48% of cercariae consumed. The interaction between predator head width and cercariae tail size strongly influenced the probability of consumption: small-bodied predators were the most effective consumers, particularly for larger tailed parasites. Thus, the likelihood of parasite consumption depended strongly on the relative size between predator and parasite. Our study helps establish that predation on free-living parasites largely follows a broader predator-prey framework. This will help to identify which predator and parasite combinations will likely have high consumptive interactions, potentially reducing parasite transmission in natural populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara A Carpenter
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Janet Koprivnikar
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pieter T J Johnson
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sondhi Y, Ellis EA, Bybee SM, Theobald JC, Kawahara AY. Light environment drives evolution of color vision genes in butterflies and moths. Commun Biol 2021; 4:177. [PMID: 33564115 PMCID: PMC7873203 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01688-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Opsins, combined with a chromophore, are the primary light-sensing molecules in animals and are crucial for color vision. Throughout animal evolution, duplications and losses of opsin proteins are common, but it is unclear what is driving these gains and losses. Light availability is implicated, and dim environments are often associated with low opsin diversity and loss. Correlations between high opsin diversity and bright environments, however, are tenuous. To test if increased light availability is associated with opsin diversification, we examined diel niche and identified opsins using transcriptomes and genomes of 175 butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera). We found 14 independent opsin duplications associated with bright environments. Estimating their rates of evolution revealed that opsins from diurnal taxa evolve faster-at least 13 amino acids were identified with higher dN/dS rates, with a subset close enough to the chromophore to tune the opsin. These results demonstrate that high light availability increases opsin diversity and evolution rate in Lepidoptera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yash Sondhi
- Department of Biology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Emily A Ellis
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Seth M Bybee
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Jamie C Theobald
- Department of Biology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Akito Y Kawahara
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Okude G, Futahashi R. Pigmentation and color pattern diversity in Odonata. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2021; 69:14-20. [PMID: 33482606 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The order Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) comprises diurnal insects with well-developed vision, showing diverse colors in adult wings and bodies. It is one of the most ancestral winged insect groups. Because Odonata species use visual cues to recognize each other, color patterns have been investigated from ecological and evolutionary viewpoints. Here we review the recent progress on molecular mechanisms of pigmentation, especially focused on light-blue coloration. Results from histology and pigment analysis showed that ommochrome pigments on the proximal layer and pteridine pigments on the distal layer of the epidermis are essential for light-blue coloration. We also summarize genes involved in the biosynthesis of three major insect pigments conserved across insects and discuss that gene-functional analysis deserves future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genta Okude
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan; Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan.
| | - Ryo Futahashi
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lancer BH, Evans BJE, Wiederman SD. The visual neuroecology of anisoptera. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 42:14-22. [PMID: 32841784 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dragonflies belong to the oldest known lineage of flying animals, found across the globe around streams, ponds and forests. They are insect predators, specialising in ambush attack as aquatic larvae and rapid pursuit as adults. Dragonfly adults hunt amidst swarms in conditions that confuse many predatory species, and exhibit capture rates above 90%. Underlying the performance of such a remarkable predator is a finely tuned visual system capable of tracking targets amidst distractors and background clutter. The dragonfly performs a complex repertoire of flight behaviours, from near-motionless hovering to acute turns at high speeds. Here, we review the optical, neuronal, and behavioural adaptations that underlie the dragonflies' ability to achieve such remarkable predatory success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Horatio Lancer
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Steven D Wiederman
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Innes-Gold AA, Zuczek NY, Touchon JC. Right phenotype, wrong place: predator-induced plasticity is costly in a mismatched environment. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20192347. [PMID: 31795869 PMCID: PMC6939276 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Like many animals, tadpoles often produce different, predator-specific phenotypes when exposed to risk of predation. It is generally assumed that such plasticity enhances survival in the presence of the predator and is costly elsewhere, but evidence remains surprisingly scarce. We measured (1) the survival trade-off of opposing phenotypes developed by Dendropsophus ebraccatus tadpoles when exposed to different predators and (2) which specific aspects of morphology drive any potential survival benefit or cost. Tadpoles developed predator-specific phenotypes after being reared with caged fish or dragonfly predators for two weeks. In 24 h predation trials with either a fish or a dragonfly, survival was highest in the groups with their matched predator, and lowest among with those the mismatched predator, with predator-naive controls being relatively intermediate. Then, using a large group of phenotypically variable predator-naive tadpoles, we found that increased survival rates are directly related to the morphological changes that are induced by each predator. This demonstrates that induced phenotypes are indeed adaptive and the product of natural selection. Furthermore, our data provide clear evidence of an environmental cost for phenotypic plasticity in a heterogeneous environment. Such costs are fundamental for understanding the evolution and maintenance of inducible phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justin C. Touchon
- Biology Department, Vassar College, 124 Raymond Ave, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guillermo-Ferreira R, Bispo PC, Appel E, Kovalev A, Gorb SN. Structural coloration predicts the outcome of male contests in the Amazonian damselfly Chalcopteryx scintillans (Odonata: Polythoridae). ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT 2019; 53:100884. [PMID: 31669831 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2019.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Iridescence is an optical effect that produces angle dependent coloration in animals. Recently, studies have attempted to unveil structures behind such elaborated visual signals and associated behaviors in Odonata. Here, we studied males of the Amazonian damselfly Chalcopteryx scintillans, which have hindwings that exhibit pronounced iridescence. This optical feature is used by the damselflies for intra-specific communication during territorial fights and courtship. The main question we addressed was whether male wing structural coloration may predict the outcome of male-male contests. We also studied the wing ultrastructure, in order to reveal the mechanisms that are responsible for wing coloration. Using various microscopal and spectroscopal techniques, we demonstrate that hindwing coloration is derived from two main effects: (1) light interference in the cuticle multilayer and (2) a specific angle dependent light scattering and antireflective properties of the epicuticular wax coverage. The results of our field experiment show that wing pigmentation and the hue of the dorsal surface of the hindwings is correlated with the outcome of territorial contests. This is one of the first studies showing that structural coloration derived from multilayer interference may influence the outcome of intrasexual agonistic interactions. This indicates that multicomponent structural coloration in visually guided insects may be under selective forces of male-male competition for resources and females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhainer Guillermo-Ferreira
- Department of Hydrobiology, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Biology Department, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Assis, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, D-24098, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Pitágoras C Bispo
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Esther Appel
- Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, D-24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Kovalev
- Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, D-24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stanislav N Gorb
- Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, D-24098, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Henze MJ, Lind O, Wilts BD, Kelber A. Pterin-pigmented nanospheres create the colours of the polymorphic damselfly Ischnura elegans. J R Soc Interface 2019; 16:20180785. [PMID: 30991898 PMCID: PMC6505549 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal colours commonly act as signals for mates or predators. In many damselfly species, both sexes go through a developmental colour change as adults, and females often show colour polymorphism, which may have a function in mate choice, avoidance of mating harassment and camouflage. In the blue-tailed damselfly, Ischnura elegans, young males are bright green and turn blue as they reach maturity. Females are red ( rufescens) or violet ( violacea) as immatures and, when mature, either mimic the blue colour of the males ( androchrome), or acquire an inconspicuous olive-green ( infuscans) or olive-brown ( obsoleta). The genetic basis of these differences is still unknown. Here, we quantify the colour development of all morphs of I. elegans and investigate colour formation by combining anatomical data and reflectance spectra with optical finite-difference time-domain simulations. While the coloration primarily arises from a disordered assembly of nanospheres in the epidermis, morph-dependent changes result from adjustments in the composition of pterin pigments within the nanospheres, and from associated shifts in optical density. Other pigments fine-tune hue and brilliance by absorbing stray light. These mechanisms produce an impressive palette of colours and offer guidance for genetic studies on the evolution of colour polymorphism and visual communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam J. Henze
- Vision Group, Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Olle Lind
- Vision Group, Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bodo D. Wilts
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, NL-9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Almut Kelber
- Vision Group, Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Futahashi R, Yamahama Y, Kawaguchi M, Mori N, Ishii D, Okude G, Hirai Y, Kawahara-Miki R, Yoshitake K, Yajima S, Hariyama T, Fukatsu T. Molecular basis of wax-based color change and UV reflection in dragonflies. eLife 2019; 8:43045. [PMID: 30642432 PMCID: PMC6353593 DOI: 10.7554/elife.43045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Many animals change their body color for visual signaling and environmental adaptation. Some dragonflies show wax-based color change and ultraviolet (UV) reflection, but the biochemical properties underlying the phenomena are totally unknown. Here we investigated the UV-reflective abdominal wax of dragonflies, thereby identifying very long-chain methyl ketones and aldehydes as unique and major wax components. Little wax was detected on young adults, but dense wax secretion was found mainly on the dorsal abdomen of mature males of Orthetrum albistylum and O. melania, and pruinose wax secretion was identified on the ventral abdomen of mature females of O. albistylum and Sympetrum darwinianum. Comparative transcriptomics demonstrated drastic upregulation of the ELOVL17 gene, a member of the fatty acid elongase gene family, whose expression reflected the distribution of very long-chain methyl ketones. Synthetic 2-pentacosanone, the major component of dragonfly’s wax, spontaneously formed light-scattering scale-like fine structures with strong UV reflection, suggesting its potential utility for biomimetics. Humans have often looked to nature for answers to problems. Living things has evolved for millions of years to deal with life’s challenges, and so engineers and inventors faced with similar challenges can also take inspiration from the natural world. Several plants and animals, for instance, reflect ultraviolet light. This ability may protect them from some of the damaging effects of sunlight; materials with similar properties would have a range of uses, including as coatings on windows that protect our homes and furniture or as cosmetics that protect ourselves in the same way. Some dragonflies – including the white-tailed skimmer, which is particularly common in Japan – are partly coated with a wax that reflects both ultraviolet and visible light. These insects can also see ultraviolet light, which means it is likely that they also use the reflective wax to send visual signals to one another. However, the biochemistry of this wax and the genes involved in its production remained poorly understood. Futahashi et al. have now found that the dragonfly wax consists mostly of very long-chain molecules known as methyl ketones and aldehydes; neither of which are a common components of other waxes. The wax was found in distinct patches on the bodies of adults; these patches were colored white with a hint of blue, while the rest of the dragonfly was mostly brown. Looking at gene activity in different parts of the dragonflies showed that a gene called ELOVL17 is much more active in the wax-coated areas. This gene encodes an enzyme that makes long-chain molecules, and its activity closely matched the distribution of the especially long-chain methyl ketones on the dragonflies’ surface. Futahashi et al. then synthesized the major component of the surface wax – specifically, a chemical called 2-pentacosanone – in the laboratory, and saw that it spontaneously formed fine, scale-like structures that strongly reflected ultraviolet light. Further work is now needed to explore the potential applications of this bio-inspired wax, and to understand exactly what the dragonflies use it for in the wild.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Futahashi
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yumi Yamahama
- Department of Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Migaku Kawaguchi
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naoki Mori
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ishii
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Genta Okude
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Hirai
- Applied Chemistry and Bioscience, Chitose Institute of Science and Technology, Chitose, Japan
| | | | - Kazutoshi Yoshitake
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yajima
- NODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Hariyama
- Department of Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takema Fukatsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bradshaw WS, Phillips AJ, Bybee SM, Gill RA, Peck SL, Jensen JL. A longitudinal study of attitudes toward evolution among undergraduates who are members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205798. [PMID: 30403685 PMCID: PMC6221276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polling data reveal a decades-long residual rejection of evolution in the United States, based on perceived religious conflict. Similarly, a strong creationist movement has been documented internationally, including in the Muslim world. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS, Mormon), a generally conservative denomination, have historically harbored strong anti-evolution sentiments. We report here a significant shift toward acceptance, compared to attitudes 30 years earlier, by students at Brigham Young University, which is owned and operated by the LDS church. This change appears to have multiple explanations. Students currently entering the university have been exposed to a much-improved introduction to evolution during high school. More importantly, there has been a significant decrease in negative messaging from Church authorities and in its religious education system. There is also evidence that current students have been positively influenced toward evolution by their parents, a large percentage of whom were BYU students, who earlier were given a strong science education deemed compatible with the maintenance of religious belief. A pre-post comparison demonstrates that a majority of current students become knowledgeable and accepting following a course experience focused on evolutionary principles delivered in a faith-friendly atmosphere. Elements of that classroom pedagogy, intended to promote reconciliation, are presented. Our experience may serve as a case-study for prompting changes in acceptance of evolution in other conservative religious groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William S. Bradshaw
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, LSB, Provo, UT, United States of America
| | - Andrea J. Phillips
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, LSB, Provo, UT, United States of America
| | - Seth M. Bybee
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, LSB, Provo, UT, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Gill
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, LSB, Provo, UT, United States of America
| | - Steven L. Peck
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, LSB, Provo, UT, United States of America
| | - Jamie L. Jensen
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, LSB, Provo, UT, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Brydegaard M, Jansson S, Schulz M, Runemark A. Can the narrow red bands of dragonflies be used to perceive wing interference patterns? Ecol Evol 2018; 8:5369-5384. [PMID: 29938059 PMCID: PMC6010746 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous studies of selection on position and number of spectral vision bands, explanations to the function of narrow spectral bands are lacking. We investigate dragonflies (Odonata), which have the narrowest spectral bands reported, in order to investigate what features these narrow spectral bands may be used to perceive. We address whether it is likely that narrow red bands can be used to identify conspecifics by the optical signature from wing interference patterns (WIPs). We investigate the optical signatures of Odonata wings using hyperspectral imaging, laser profiling, ellipsometry, polarimetric modulation spectroscopy, and laser radar experiments. Based on results, we estimate the prospects for Odonata perception of WIPs to identify conspecifics in the spectral, spatial, intensity, polarization, angular, and temporal domains. We find six lines of evidence consistent with an ability to perceive WIPs. First, the wing membrane thickness of the studied Odonata is 2.3 μm, coinciding with the maximal thickness perceivable by the reported bandwidth. Second, flat wings imply that WIPs persist from whole wings, which can be seen at a distance. Third, WIPs constitute a major brightness in the visual environment only second after the solar disk. Fourth, WIPs exhibit high degree of polarization and polarization vision coincides with frontal narrow red bands in Odonata. Fifth, the angular light incidence on the Odonata composite eye provides all prerequisites for direct assessment of the refractive index which is associated with age. Sixth, WIPs from conspecifics in flight make a significant contribution even to the fundamental wingbeat frequency within the flicker fusion bandwidth of Odonata vision. We conclude that it is likely that WIPs can be perceived by the narrow red bands found in some Odonata species and propose future behavioral and electrophysiological tests of this hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Brydegaard
- Department of PhysicsLund UniversityLundSweden
- Norsk Elektro Optikk ASSkedsmokorsetNorway
- Department of BiologyLund UniversityLundSweden
| | | | | | - Anna Runemark
- Department of BiologyLund UniversityLundSweden
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Simon S, Sagasser S, Saccenti E, Brugler MR, Schranz ME, Hadrys H, Amato G, DeSalle R. Comparative transcriptomics reveal developmental turning points during embryogenesis of a hemimetabolous insect, the damselfly Ischnura elegans. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13547. [PMID: 29051502 PMCID: PMC5648782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying transcriptional changes during embryogenesis is of crucial importance for unravelling evolutionary, molecular and cellular mechanisms that underpin patterning and morphogenesis. However, comparative studies focusing on early/embryonic stages during insect development are limited to a few taxa. Drosophila melanogaster is the paradigm for insect development, whereas comparative transcriptomic studies of embryonic stages of hemimetabolous insects are completely lacking. We reconstructed the first comparative transcriptome covering the daily embryonic developmental progression of the blue-tailed damselfly Ischnura elegans (Odonata), an ancient hemimetabolous representative. We identified a "core" set of 6,794 transcripts - shared by all embryonic stages - which are mainly involved in anatomical structure development and cellular nitrogen compound metabolic processes. We further used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify transcriptional changes during Odonata embryogenesis. Based on these analyses distinct clusters of transcriptional active sequences could be revealed, indicating that embryos at different development stages have their own transcriptomic profile according to the developmental events and leading to sequential reprogramming of metabolic and developmental genes. Interestingly, a major change in transcriptionally active sequences is correlated with katatrepsis (revolution) during mid-embryogenesis, a 180° rotation of the embryo within the egg and specific to hemimetabolous insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Simon
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West and 79th St., New York, NY, 10024, USA.
| | - Sven Sagasser
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edoardo Saccenti
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mercer R Brugler
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West and 79th St., New York, NY, 10024, USA
- Biological Sciences Department, NYC College of Technology, City University of New York, 300 Jay Street, Brooklyn, New York, 11201, USA
| | - M Eric Schranz
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Heike Hadrys
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West and 79th St., New York, NY, 10024, USA
- ITZ, Ecology&Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Buenteweg 17d, D-30559, Hannover, Germany
- Yale University, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - George Amato
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West and 79th St., New York, NY, 10024, USA
| | - Rob DeSalle
- Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West and 79th St., New York, NY, 10024, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Duong TM, Gomez AB, Sherratt TN. Response of adult dragonflies to artificial prey of different size and colour. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179483. [PMID: 28662042 PMCID: PMC5491015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aposematism is an evolved, cross-species association between a preys’ unprofitability and the presence of conspicuous signals. Avian predators have been widely employed to understand the evolution of these warning signals However, insect predators are abundant, diverse, and highly visual foragers that have been shown to be capable of learned aversion. Therefore, it is likely that their behaviour also shapes the nature of anti-predator traits. In this study, we evaluated the rates of attack of a community (13 species) of mature adult dragonflies (Odonata) on artificial prey of varying size (2.5–31 mm lengthwise) and colour pattern (black, black/yellow striped). The relative attack rates of dragonflies on prey increased as prey size decreased, but there was no evidence that the attack rates by dragonflies were affected by prey colour pattern and no evidence for an interaction between colour pattern and size. To investigate prey selection by specific predator species under field conditions, we compared the time to attack distributions of black-painted prey presented to two common dragonflies: Leucorrhinia intacta and the larger, Libellula pulchella. We found that the two dragonfly species, as well as the two sexes, had different foraging responses. L. pulchella was more likely to attack larger prey, and females of both species more likely to attack prey than males. Collectively, our results indicate that dragonflies are highly size selective. However, while the nature of this selectivity varies among dragonfly species, there is little evidence that classic black/yellow warning signals deter attack by these aerial invertebrate predators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tammy M. Duong
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ann B. Gomez
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Thomas N. Sherratt
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Z, Wang X, Lei C, Zhu F. Sensory genes identification with head transcriptome of the migratory armyworm, Mythimna separata. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46033. [PMID: 28387246 PMCID: PMC5384095 DOI: 10.1038/srep46033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory system plays important roles in a wide array of insect’s behavior and physiological events, including the host landing and locating, feeding, flying, sex responding, mating and oviposition which happen independently and in sequence. The armyworm Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of migratory insect is destructive for alimentarn crop and economic crop throughout the world. Here we present the high throughput sequencing of the head transcriptome and identify members of the major sensory genes which are crucial for armyworm’s success worldwide, including 8 opsins, 22 chemosensory proteins, 50 odorant binding proteins, 60 odorant receptors, 8 gustatory receptors, 24 ionotropic receptors, and 2 sensory neuron membrane proteins. It is worth noting that a duplication of the LW opsin gene exists in this insect. Several genes were clustered with functionally validated genes, such as Co-receptors of OR and IR, PBPs, PRs, CO2 GRs, bitter GRs and sweet GRs, were also identified. The transcriptome gene library provided the basis for further studies that elucidate the fundamental molecular mechanism of biology and control in M. separata. Our research exhibits the first comprehensive catalogue of the sensory genes fundamental for success and distribution in M. separata, which are potential novel targets for pest control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Liu
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chaoliang Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fen Zhu
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Grof-Tisza P, LoPresti E, Heath SK, Karban R. Plant structural complexity and mechanical defenses mediate predator-prey interactions in an odonate-bird system. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:1650-1659. [PMID: 28261473 PMCID: PMC5330893 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat-forming species provide refuges for a variety of associating species; these refuges may mediate interactions between species differently depending on the functional traits of the habitat-forming species. We investigated refuge provisioning by plants with different functional traits for dragonfly and damselfly (Odonata: Anisoptera and Zygoptera) nymphs emerging from water bodies to molt into their adult stage. During this period, nymphs experience high levels of predation by birds. On the shores of a small pond, plants with mechanical defenses (e.g., thorns and prickles) and high structural complexity had higher abundances of odonate exuviae than nearby plants which lacked mechanical defenses and exhibited low structural complexity. To disentangle the relative effects of these two potentially important functional traits on nymph emergence-site preference and survival, we conducted two fully crossed factorial field experiments using artificial plants. Nymphs showed a strong preference for artificial plants with high structural complexity and to a lesser extent, mechanical defenses. Both functional traits increased nymph survival but through different mechanisms. We suggest that future investigations attempt to experimentally separate the elements contributing to structural complexity to elucidate the mechanistic underpinnings of refuge provisioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Grof-Tisza
- Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California Davis CA USA
| | - Eric LoPresti
- Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California Davis CA USA; Ecology Graduate Group University of California Davis CA USA
| | - Sacha K Heath
- Ecology Graduate Group University of California Davis CA USA; Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of California Davis CA USA
| | - Richard Karban
- Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California Davis CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sanmartín-Villar I, Rivas-Torres A, Gabela-Flores MV, Encalada AC, Cordero-Rivera A. Female polymorphism and colour variability in Argia oculata (Coenagrionidae: Zygoptera). NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2017.1398037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iago Sanmartín-Villar
- ECOEVO Lab, Universidade de Vigo, Escola de Enxeñaría Forestal, Campus A Xunqueira, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Anais Rivas-Torres
- ECOEVO Lab, Universidade de Vigo, Escola de Enxeñaría Forestal, Campus A Xunqueira, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - María Virginia Gabela-Flores
- Laboratorio de Ecología Acuática, Instituto BIOSFERA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Campus Cumbayá, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrea C. Encalada
- Laboratorio de Ecología Acuática, Instituto BIOSFERA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Campus Cumbayá, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Adolfo Cordero-Rivera
- ECOEVO Lab, Universidade de Vigo, Escola de Enxeñaría Forestal, Campus A Xunqueira, Pontevedra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chauhan P, Wellenreuther M, Hansson B. Transcriptome profiling in the damselfly Ischnura elegans identifies genes with sex-biased expression. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:985. [PMID: 27905879 PMCID: PMC5131402 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sexual dimorphism occurs widely across the animal kingdom and has profound effects on evolutionary trajectories. Here, we investigate sex-specific gene expression in Ischnura elegans (Odonata: dragonflies and damselflies), a species with pronounced sexual differences including a female-limited colour polymorphism with two female-like gynochrome morphs and one male-mimicking, androchrome morph. Whole-organism transcriptome profiling and sex-biased gene expression analysis was conducted on adults of both sexes (pooling all females as well as separating the three morphs) to gain insights into genes and pathways potentially associated with sexual development and sexual conflict. Results The de novo transcriptome assembly was of high quality and completeness (54 k transcripts; 99.6% CEGMA score; 55% annotated). We identified transcripts of several relevant pathways, including transcripts involved in sex determination, hormone biosynthesis, pigmentation and innate immune signalling. A total of 1,683 genes were differentially expressed (DE) between males and all females (1,173 were female-biased; 510 male-biased). The DE genes were associated with sex-specific physiological and reproductive processes, olfaction, pigmentation (ommochrome and melanin), hormone (ecdysone) biosynthesis and innate immunity signalling pathways. Comparisons between males and each female morph category showed that the gynochromes differed more from males than the androchrome morph. Conclusions This is the first study to characterize sex-biased gene expression in odonates, one of the most ancient extant insect orders. Comparison between I. elegans sexes revealed expression differences in several genes related to sexual differences in behaviour and development as well as morphology. The differential expression of several olfactory genes suggests interesting sexual components in the detection of odours, pheromones and environmental volatiles. Up-regulation of pigmentation pathways in females indicates a prominent role of ommochrome pigments in the formation of the genetically controlled female colour polymorphism. Finally, the female-biased expression of several immunity genes suggests a stronger immune response in females, possibly related to the high levels of male mating harassment and recurrent matings in this species, both of which have been shown to injure females and expose them to sexually transmitted diseases and toxins contained in seminal fluids. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3334-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maren Wellenreuther
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Institute for Plant and Food Research, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Bengt Hansson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Outomuro D, Söderquist L, Johansson F, Ödeen A, Nordström K. The price of looking sexy: visual ecology of a three‐level predator–prey system. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Outomuro
- Section for Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Norbyvägen 18D 75236 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Linus Söderquist
- Section for Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Norbyvägen 18D 75236 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Frank Johansson
- Section for Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Norbyvägen 18D 75236 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anders Ödeen
- Section for Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Norbyvägen 18D 75236 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Karin Nordström
- Department of Neuroscience Uppsala University Box 593 75124 Uppsala Sweden
- Anatomy and Histology Centre for Neuroscience Flinders University GPO Box 2100 Adelaide South Australia5001 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bybee S, Córdoba-Aguilar A, Duryea MC, Futahashi R, Hansson B, Lorenzo-Carballa MO, Schilder R, Stoks R, Suvorov A, Svensson EI, Swaegers J, Takahashi Y, Watts PC, Wellenreuther M. Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) as a bridge between ecology and evolutionary genomics. Front Zool 2016; 13:46. [PMID: 27766110 PMCID: PMC5057408 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-016-0176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) present an unparalleled insect model to integrate evolutionary genomics with ecology for the study of insect evolution. Key features of Odonata include their ancient phylogenetic position, extensive phenotypic and ecological diversity, several unique evolutionary innovations, ease of study in the wild and usefulness as bioindicators for freshwater ecosystems worldwide. In this review, we synthesize studies on the evolution, ecology and physiology of odonates, highlighting those areas where the integration of ecology with genomics would yield significant insights into the evolutionary processes that would not be gained easily by working on other animal groups. We argue that the unique features of this group combined with their complex life cycle, flight behaviour, diversity in ecological niches and their sensitivity to anthropogenic change make odonates a promising and fruitful taxon for genomics focused research. Future areas of research that deserve increased attention are also briefly outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seth Bybee
- Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84606 USA
| | - Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
- Departmento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo, Postal 70-275, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M. Catherine Duryea
- Evolutionary Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ryo Futahashi
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 6, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566 Japan
| | - Bengt Hansson
- Evolutionary Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - M. Olalla Lorenzo-Carballa
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| | - Ruud Schilder
- Departments of Entomology and Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Robby Stoks
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, Department of Biology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anton Suvorov
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, LSB 4102, Provo, UT 84602 USA
| | - Erik I. Svensson
- Evolutionary Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Janne Swaegers
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, Department of Biology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yuma Takahashi
- Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | | | - Maren Wellenreuther
- Evolutionary Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
- Plant and Food Research Limited, Nelson, 7010 New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Futahashi R. Color vision and color formation in dragonflies. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2016; 17:32-39. [PMID: 27720071 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dragonflies including damselflies are colorful and large-eyed insects, which show remarkable sexual dimorphism, color transition, and color polymorphism. Recent comprehensive visual transcriptomics has unveiled an extraordinary diversity of opsin genes within the lineage of dragonflies. These opsin genes are differentially expressed between aquatic larvae and terrestrial adults, as well as between dorsal and ventral regions of adult compound eyes. Recent topics of color formation in dragonflies are also outlined. Non-iridescent blue color is caused by coherent light scattering from the quasiordered nanostructures, whereas iridescent color is produced by multilayer structures. Wrinkles or wax crystals sometimes enhances multilayer structural colors. Sex-specific and stage-specific color differences in red dragonflies is attributed to redox states of ommochrome pigments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Futahashi
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Manwaring KF, Whiting MF, Wilcox E, Bybee SM. A study of common scorpionfly (Mecoptera: Panorpidae) visual systems reveals the expression of a single opsin. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-015-0241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
27
|
Cooper IA, Brown JM, Getty T. A role for ecology in the evolution of colour variation and sexual dimorphism in Hawaiian damselflies. J Evol Biol 2015; 29:418-27. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. A. Cooper
- Department of Zoology Kellogg Biological Station Michigan State University Hickory Corners MI USA
- Department of Biology James Madison University Harrisonburg VA USA
| | - J. M. Brown
- Department of Biology Grinnell College Grinnell IA USA
| | - T. Getty
- Department of Zoology Kellogg Biological Station Michigan State University Hickory Corners MI USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Beatty CD, Andrés JA, Sherratt TN. Conspicuous Coloration in Males of the Damselfly Nehalennia irene (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae): Do Males Signal Their Unprofitability to Other Males? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142684. [PMID: 26587979 PMCID: PMC4654565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In damselflies, sexual colour dimorphism is commonly explained as a consequence of selection on traits that increase male attractiveness to females. However, while many species in the damselfly family Coenagrionidae (Insecta: Odonata) are sexually dimorphic, the males do not engage in displays, and male competition for mates resembles a “scramble”. An alternative explanation for the sexual differences in coloration within these species is that sexual dimorphism has evolved as a sex-related warning signal, with males signalling their uprofitability as mates to other males, thereby avoiding harassment from conspecifics. We evaluated an underlying assumption of the theory that male-male harassment rate is influenced by colour by comparing harassment of males of the species Nehalennia irene that had been painted to make them appear: (i) similar to an unaltered male (blue), (ii) different from a male (orange) and (iii) more similar to a female (black). When caged together we found that blue-painted males experienced significantly lower harassment than black-painted males. When unpainted males were caged with each type of painted male we found that blue-painted males and the unpainted males housed in the same cages experienced lower rates of harassment than males housed in cages where some males were painted black, suggesting that a single, reliable signal of unprofitability may benefit the individuals that carry it. While our results do not in themselves demonstrate that sexual colour dimorphism originally evolved as an intra-specific warning signal, they do show that harassment is influenced by coloration, and that such selection could conceivably maintain male coloration as a warning signal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Beatty
- Department of Biology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA, 95053–0268, United States of America
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, E149 Corson Hall, 215 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 08053, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - José A. Andrés
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatechewan, S7N 0W0, Canada
| | - Thomas N. Sherratt
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Grether GF, Drury JP, Berlin E, Anderson CN. The Role of Wing Coloration in Sex Recognition and Competitor Recognition in Rubyspot Damselflies (Hetaerinaspp.). Ethology 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory F. Grether
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Jonathan P. Drury
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Erin Berlin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Guillermo-Ferreira R, Gorb SN, Appel E, Kovalev A, Bispo PC. Variable assessment of wing colouration in aerial contests of the red-winged damselfly Mnesarete pudica (Zygoptera, Calopterygidae). Naturwissenschaften 2015; 102:13. [PMID: 25776927 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-015-1261-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Wing pigmentation is a trait that predicts the outcome of male contests in some damselflies. Thus, it is reasonable to suppose that males would have the ability to assess wing pigmentation and adjust investment in a fight according to the costs that the rival may potentially impose. Males of the damselfly Mnesarete pudica exhibit red-coloured wings and complex courtship behaviour and engage in striking male-male fights. In this study, we investigated male assessment behaviour during aerial contests. Theory suggests that the relationship between male resource-holding potential (RHP) and contest duration describes the kind of assessment adopted by males: self-assessment, opponent-only assessment or mutual assessment. A recent theory also suggests that weak and strong males exhibit variations in the assessment strategies adopted. We estimated male RHP through male body size and wing colouration (i.e. pigmentation, wing reflectance spectra and transmission spectra) and studied the relationship between male RHP and contest duration from video-documented behavioural observations of naturally occurring individual contests in the field. The results showed that males with more opaque wings and larger red spots were more likely to win contests. The relationships between RHP and contest durations partly supported the self-assessment and the mutual assessment models. We then experimentally augmented the pigmented area of the wings, in order to evaluate whether strong and weak males assess rivals' RHP through wing pigmentation. Our experimental manipulation, however, clearly demonstrated that strong males assess rivals' wing pigmentation. We finally suggest that there is a variation in the assessment strategy adopted by males.
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Dragonflies are colorful and large-eyed animals strongly dependent on color vision. Here we report an extraordinary large number of opsin genes in dragonflies and their characteristic spatiotemporal expression patterns. Exhaustive transcriptomic and genomic surveys of three dragonflies of the family Libellulidae consistently identified 20 opsin genes, consisting of 4 nonvisual opsin genes and 16 visual opsin genes of 1 UV, 5 short-wavelength (SW), and 10 long-wavelength (LW) type. Comprehensive transcriptomic survey of the other dragonflies representing an additional 10 families also identified as many as 15-33 opsin genes. Molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed dynamic multiplications and losses of the opsin genes in the course of evolution. In contrast to many SW and LW genes expressed in adults, only one SW gene and several LW genes were expressed in larvae, reflecting less visual dependence and LW-skewed light conditions for their lifestyle under water. In this context, notably, the sand-burrowing or pit-dwelling species tended to lack SW gene expression in larvae. In adult visual organs: (i) many SW genes and a few LW genes were expressed in the dorsal region of compound eyes, presumably for processing SW-skewed light from the sky; (ii) a few SW genes and many LW genes were expressed in the ventral region of compound eyes, probably for perceiving terrestrial objects; and (iii) expression of a specific LW gene was associated with ocelli. Our findings suggest that the stage- and region-specific expressions of the diverse opsin genes underlie the behavior, ecology, and adaptation of dragonflies.
Collapse
|
33
|
Wong JM, Pérez-Moreno JL, Chan TY, Frank TM, Bracken-Grissom HD. Phylogenetic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the evolution of bioluminescence and light detection in marine deep-sea shrimps of the family Oplophoridae (Crustacea: Decapoda). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 83:278-92. [PMID: 25482362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bioluminescence is essential to the survival of many organisms, particularly in the deep sea where light is limited. Shrimp of the family Oplophoridae exhibit a remarkable mechanism of bioluminescence in the form of a secretion used for predatory defense. Three of the ten genera possess an additional mode of bioluminescence in the form of light-emitting organs called photophores. Phylogenetic analyses can be useful for tracing the evolution of bioluminescence, however, the few studies that have attempted to reconcile the relationships within Oplophoridae have generated trees with low-resolution. We present the most comprehensive phylogeny of Oplophoridae to date, with 90% genera coverage using seven genes (mitochondrial and nuclear) across 30 oplophorid species. We use our resulting topology to trace the evolution of bioluminescence within Oplophoridae. Previous studies have suggested that oplophorid visual systems may be tuned to differentiate the separate modes of bioluminescence. While all oplophorid shrimp possess a visual pigment sensitive to blue-green light, only those bearing photophores have an additional pigment sensitive to near-ultraviolet light. We attempt to characterize opsins, visual pigment proteins essential to light detection, in two photophore-bearing species (Systellaspis debilis and Oplophorus gracilirostris) and make inferences regarding their function and evolutionary significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliet M Wong
- Florida International University, Department of Biological Sciences, 3000 NE 151st St, North Miami, FL 33181, United States.
| | - Jorge L Pérez-Moreno
- Florida International University, Department of Biological Sciences, 3000 NE 151st St, North Miami, FL 33181, United States.
| | - Tin-Yam Chan
- Institute of Marine Biology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Tamara M Frank
- Nova Southeastern University, Oceanographic Center, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, United States.
| | - Heather D Bracken-Grissom
- Florida International University, Department of Biological Sciences, 3000 NE 151st St, North Miami, FL 33181, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chauhan P, Hansson B, Kraaijeveld K, de Knijff P, Svensson EI, Wellenreuther M. De novo transcriptome of Ischnura elegans provides insights into sensory biology, colour and vision genes. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:808. [PMID: 25245033 PMCID: PMC4182773 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing interest in odonates (damselflies and dragonflies) as model organisms in ecology and evolutionary biology but the development of genomic resources has been slow. So far only one draft genome (Ladona fulva) and one transcriptome assembly (Enallagma hageni) have been published. Odonates have some of the most advanced visual systems among insects and several species are colour polymorphic, and genomic and transcriptomic data would allow studying the genomic architecture of these interesting traits and make detailed comparative studies between related species possible. Here, we present a comprehensive de novo transcriptome assembly for the blue-tailed damselfly Ischnura elegans (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) built from short-read RNA-seq data. The transcriptome analysis in this paper provides a first step towards identifying genes and pathways underlying the visual and colour systems in this insect group. RESULTS Illumina RNA sequencing performed on tissues from the head, thorax and abdomen generated 428,744,100 paired-ends reads amounting to 110 Gb of sequence data, which was assembled de novo with Trinity. A transcriptome was produced after filtering and quality checking yielding a final set of 60,232 high quality transcripts for analysis. CEGMA software identified 247 out of 248 ultra-conserved core proteins as 'complete' in the transcriptome assembly, yielding a completeness of 99.6%. BLASTX and InterProScan annotated 55% of the assembled transcripts and showed that the three tissue types differed both qualitatively and quantitatively in I. elegans. Differential expression identified 8,625 transcripts to be differentially expressed in head, thorax and abdomen. Targeted analyses of vision and colour functional pathways identified the presence of four different opsin types and three pigmentation pathways. We also identified transcripts involved in temperature sensitivity, thermoregulation and olfaction. All these traits and their associated transcripts are of considerable ecological and evolutionary interest for this and other insect orders. CONCLUSIONS Our work presents a comprehensive transcriptome resource for the ancient insect order Odonata and provides insight into their biology and physiology. The transcriptomic resource can provide a foundation for future investigations into this diverse group, including the evolution of colour, vision, olfaction and thermal adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Chauhan
- />Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, SE 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bengt Hansson
- />Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, SE 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ken Kraaijeveld
- />Animal Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- />Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter de Knijff
- />Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik I Svensson
- />Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, SE 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maren Wellenreuther
- />Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, SE 22362 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Xu M, Cerreta AL, Schultz TD, Fincke OM. Selective use of multiple cues by males reflects a decision rule for sex discrimination in a sexually mimetic damselfly. Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
36
|
Taylor LA, Maier EB, Byrne KJ, Amin Z, Morehouse NI. Colour use by tiny predators: jumping spiders show colour biases during foraging. Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
37
|
Huang SC, Chiou TH, Marshall J, Reinhard J. Spectral sensitivities and color signals in a polymorphic damselfly. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87972. [PMID: 24498233 PMCID: PMC3909319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal communication relies on conspicuous signals and compatible signal perception abilities. Good signal perception abilities are particularly important for polymorphic animals where mate choice can be a challenge. Behavioral studies suggest that polymorphic damselflies use their varying body colorations and/or color patterns as communication signal for mate choice and to control mating frequencies. However, solid evidence for this hypothesis combining physiological with spectral and behavioral data is scarce. We investigated this question in the Australian common blue tail damselfly, Ischnura heterosticta, which has pronounced female-limited polymorphism: andromorphs have a male-like blue coloration and gynomorphs display green/grey colors. We measured body color reflectance and investigated the visual capacities of each morph, showing that I. heterosticta have at least three types of photoreceptors sensitive to UV, blue, and green wavelength, and that this visual perception ability enables them to detect the spectral properties of the color signals emitted from the various color morphs in both males and females. We further demonstrate that different color morphs can be discriminated against each other and the vegetation based on color contrast. Finally, these findings were supported by field observations of natural mating pairs showing that mating partners are indeed chosen based on their body coloration. Our study provides the first comprehensive evidence for the function of body coloration on mate choice in polymorphic damselflies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-chang Huang
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tsyr-huei Chiou
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Justin Marshall
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Judith Reinhard
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang D, Wang QK, Liu XH, Li K. Sensilla on antenna and maxillary palp of predaceous fly, Lispe neimongola Tian et Ma (Diptera: Muscidae). Micron 2013; 49:33-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2013.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|