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Abstract
We recently established an in vitro co-culture system in which monophosphoryl lipid A + interferon-γ (MPLA+IFNγ)-treated tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) killed cancer cells. Here, we describe a step-by-step protocol for isolating TAMs and cancer cells from mouse primary mammary carcinomas, the setup of the co-culture system, and the image acquisition approach. The technical difficulties in the co-culture assay involve isolating pure TAMs and cancer cells from the same tumor and staining them with different dyes to track the macrophages' tumoricidal activity. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Sun et al. (2021).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Sun
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Xiao Han
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA,Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA,Corresponding author
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2
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Alamri HS, Akiel MA, Alghassab TS, Alfhili MA, Alrfaei BM, Aljumaa M, Barhoumi T. Erythritol modulates the polarization of macrophages: Potential role of tumor necrosis factor-α and Akt pathway. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13960. [PMID: 34923647 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Low-calorie sweeteners are substitutes for sugar and frequently used by patients with cardiometabolic diseases. Erythritol, a natural low-calorie sugar alcohol, was linked to cardiometabolic diseases in several recent metabolomics studies. However, the characterization of its role in disease development is lacking. Macrophage polarization orchestrates the immune response in various inflammatory conditions, most notably cardiometabolic disease. Therefore, the physiological effects of Erythritol on THP-1 macrophages were investigated. We observed an increased cellular abundance of proinflammatory M1 macrophages, characterized by CD11c, TNF-α, CD64, CD38, and HLA-DR markers and decreased anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, characterized by mannose receptor CD206. The, Erythritol increased ROS generation, and the activation of the AKT pathway, cytosolic calcium overload, and cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. Concomitantly, an increased population of necroptotic macrophages was observed. In conclusion, we provide evidence that Erythritol induced the proinflammatory phenotype in THP-1 macrophages and this was associated with an increased population of necroptotic macrophages. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This assessment provides evidence of the effects of Erythritol on macrophages, particularly THP-1-derived macrophages. Our results support the role of Erythritol in driving the inflammation that is associated with cardiometabolic diseases and provide insights in the role of Erythritol as an inducer of necroptosis in THP-1 derived macrophages that could be associated the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan S Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maaged A Akiel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Talal S Alghassab
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Alfhili
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahauddeen M Alrfaei
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC)/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Aljumaa
- Medical Core Facility and Research Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tlili Barhoumi
- Medical Core Facility and Research Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Yan C, Wang M, Sun F, Cao L, Jia B, Xia Y. Macrophage M1/M2 ratio as a predictor of pleural thickening in patients with tuberculous pleurisy. Infect Dis Now 2021; 51:590-595. [PMID: 34581278 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the association between macrophage polarization and the development of pleural thickening in patients with tuberculous pleurisy. Patients with tuberculous pleurisy admitted to our hospital between October 2018 and March 2019 were prospectively recruited. Pleural fluid samples were obtained before treatment for detection of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and macrophage phenotype (M1: CD14+ CD86+; M2: CD14+ CD163+). Peripheral blood samples were subjected to interferon gamma release assay (IGRA). All subjects were administered standard anti-tuberculosis regimen (2HREZ/4HR); high-resolution CT was performed to determine pleural thickening (thickness>2mm) after completion of treatment. Pleural effusion in patients with thickened pleura had significantly more M1 but fewer M2 macrophages, and higher ADA level, as compared to those with normal pleura (P<0.05). No significant between-group difference was observed with respect to IGRA. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal cut-off level of M1/M2 ratio for predicting pleural thickening was 1.149 (area under the curve: 0.842; sensitivity: 88.6%; specificity: 69.2%; positive predictive value: 86.3%; negative predictive value: 81.7%). M1/M2 ratio in the pleural fluid is a promising marker for predicting the development of pleural thickening in patients with tuberculous pleurisy. Macrophage-mediated immune response may play an important role in the pathogenesis of tuberculous pleurisy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yan
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830054 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - M Wang
- Xinjiang Medical University, 830054 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - F Sun
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830054 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - L Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830054 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - B Jia
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830054 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Y Xia
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830054 Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Zhao L, Giannou AD, Xu Y, Shiri AM, Liebold I, Steglich B, Bedke T, Zhang T, Lücke J, Scognamiglio P, Kempski J, Woestemeier A, Chen J, Agalioti T, Zazara DE, Lindner D, Janning M, Hennigs JK, Jagirdar RM, Kotsiou OS, Zarogiannis SG, Kobayashi Y, Izbicki JR, Ghosh S, Rothlin CV, Bosurgi L, Huber S, Gagliani N. Efferocytosis fuels malignant pleural effusion through TIMP1. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/33/eabd6734. [PMID: 34389533 PMCID: PMC8363144 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd6734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) results from the capacity of several human cancers to metastasize to the pleural cavity. No effective treatments are currently available, reflecting our insufficient understanding of the basic mechanisms leading to MPE progression. Here, we found that efferocytosis through the receptor tyrosine kinases AXL and MERTK led to the production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) by four distinct pleural cavity macrophage (Mφ) subpopulations characterized by different metabolic states and cell chemotaxis properties. In turn, IL-10 acts on dendritic cells (DCs) inducing the production of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1). Genetic ablation of Axl and Mertk in Mφs or IL-10 receptor in DCs or Timp1 substantially reduced MPE progression. Our results delineate an inflammatory cascade-from the clearance of apoptotic cells by Mφs, to production of IL-10, to induction of TIMP1 in DCs-that facilitates MPE progression. This inflammatory cascade offers a series of therapeutic targets for MPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 350003 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Anastasios D Giannou
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ahmad Mustafa Shiri
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Imke Liebold
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Babett Steglich
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Bedke
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tao Zhang
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jöran Lücke
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pasquale Scognamiglio
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Kempski
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Woestemeier
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Dong Fang Hospital (900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team), School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 350025 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Theodora Agalioti
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dimitra E Zazara
- Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diana Lindner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Personalized Medical Oncology (A420), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 33 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Janning
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Personalized Medical Oncology (A420), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim and Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jan K Hennigs
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rajesh M Jagirdar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ourania S Kotsiou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, Larissa, Greece
| | - Yasushi Kobayashi
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jacob R Izbicki
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Lidia Bosurgi
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
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Kim N, Kim HK, Lee K, Hong Y, Cho JH, Choi JW, Lee JI, Suh YL, Ku BM, Eum HH, Choi S, Choi YL, Joung JG, Park WY, Jung HA, Sun JM, Lee SH, Ahn JS, Park K, Ahn MJ, Lee HO. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrates the molecular and cellular reprogramming of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2285. [PMID: 32385277 PMCID: PMC7210975 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced metastatic cancer poses utmost clinical challenges and may present molecular and cellular features distinct from an early-stage cancer. Herein, we present single-cell transcriptome profiling of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, the most prevalent histological lung cancer type diagnosed at stage IV in over 40% of all cases. From 208,506 cells populating the normal tissues or early to metastatic stage cancer in 44 patients, we identify a cancer cell subtype deviating from the normal differentiation trajectory and dominating the metastatic stage. In all stages, the stromal and immune cell dynamics reveal ontological and functional changes that create a pro-tumoral and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Normal resident myeloid cell populations are gradually replaced with monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells, along with T-cell exhaustion. This extensive single-cell analysis enhances our understanding of molecular and cellular dynamics in metastatic lung cancer and reveals potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in cancer-microenvironment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Hong Kwan Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Kyungjong Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 06351, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yourae Hong
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences &Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Jung Won Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Jung-Il Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Yeon-Lim Suh
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Bo Mi Ku
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Hye Hyeon Eum
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Soyean Choi
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Yoon-La Choi
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences &Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Korea
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Je-Gun Joung
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences &Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Jung
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Jong-Mu Sun
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Ahn
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Keunchil Park
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
| | - Hae-Ock Lee
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences &Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Korea.
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Kang DH, Chung C, Kim JO, Jung SS, Park HS, Park DI, Jung SY, Park M, Lee JE. Pleural or pericardial metastasis: A significant factor affecting efficacy and adverse events in lung cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Thorac Cancer 2018; 9:1500-1508. [PMID: 30253080 PMCID: PMC6209802 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy is a new paradigm for the treatment of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and targeting the PD‐1 or PD‐L1 pathway is a promising therapeutic option. Although PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors are more effective than standard chemotherapy in lung cancer, clinicians are afraid to actively use them because of hyperprogression and pseudoprogression. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with tumor response and serious outcomes. Methods We retrospectively collected the medical records of 51 patients with advanced NSCLC who received PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors between January 2016 and February 2018. Results The mean patient age was 63.9 years, and 72.5% (37/51) were male. Most (92.2%, 47/51) had received previous systemic treatment. The overall response rate was 21.6% (11/51). The response rate was significantly lower in patients with pleural or pericardial metastasis than in patients without pleural or pericardial metastasis (4.3% vs. 35.7%; P = 0.007). Patients with pleural or pericardial metastasis had a significantly higher rate of adverse events of any grade (91.3% vs. 50.0%; P = 0.002) and grade 3–5 adverse events (52.2% vs. 25.0%; P = 0.046). Conclusion Pleural or pericardial metastasis is a significant factor affecting the efficacy and rate of adverse events in advanced NSCLC patients treated with PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors. Clinicians should pay attention to the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer patients with pleural or pericardial metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ju-Ock Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung Soo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hee Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dong Il Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sun Young Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Myoungrin Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, VHS Daejeon Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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7
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Kaczmarek M, Rubis B, Frydrychowicz M, Nowicka A, Brajer-Luftmann B, Kozlowska M, Lagiedo M, Batura-Gabryel H, Sikora J. Pleural Macrophages can Promote or Inhibit Apoptosis of Malignant Cells via Humoral Mediators Depending on Intracellular Signaling Pathways. Cancer Invest 2018; 36:264-278. [DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2018.1477158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Blazej Rubis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Frydrychowicz
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Nowicka
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Respiratory Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Brajer-Luftmann
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Respiratory Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Lagiedo
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Halina Batura-Gabryel
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Respiratory Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jan Sikora
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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8
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Li L, Sun P, Zhang C, Li Z, Cui K, Zhou W. MiR-98 modulates macrophage polarization and suppresses the effects of tumor-associated macrophages on promoting invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:95. [PMID: 29989015 PMCID: PMC6035433 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0590-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are generally recognized as a promoter of tumor progression. miR-98 has been shown to suppress the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Here, we aim to investigate the role of miR-98-mediated macrophage polarization in HCC progression. METHODS Human blood monocytes were isolated from healthy male donors and incubated with culture medium collected from HepG2 cells for 7 days. The phenotype of the macrophages was detected. The protein expression was detected by Western blot. Levels of cytokines secreted in culture medium were measured using the specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. To explore the role of miR-98 in HCC-conditioned TAMs, HCC cells HepG2 and SMMC7721 were cultured with conditioned medium from HCC-conditioned TAMs that had been transfected with miR-98 mimic/inhibitor. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion assays were performed. RESULTS HCC-conditioned TAMs possessed M2-like phenotype, including increased protein expression of CD163 and TNF-αlow, IL-1βlow, TGF-βhigh and IL-10high phenotype. HCC-conditioned TAMs also promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells. Furthermore, miR-98 modulated macrophage polarization from M2 to M1 in HCC-conditioned TAMs, as evidenced by the alteration of M1- or M2-related cytokines. Moreover, miR-98 mimic significantly suppressed the HCC-conditioned TAMs-mediated promotion of cell migration, invasion and EMT in HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells compared with negative control, whereas miR-98 inhibitor exerted reversed effects. CONCLUSIONS miR-98 may play a vital role in regulating macrophage polarization, thereby suppressing the TAMs-mediated promotion of invasion and EMT in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong China
| | - Pengfei Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong China
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong China
| | - Zongchao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong China
| | - Kai Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong China
| | - Wuyuan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, No. 131 Huancheng Road, Gulou District, Xuzhou, 221000 Jiangsu China
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Li L, Sun P, Zhang C, Li Z, Zhou W. MiR-98 suppresses the effects of tumor-associated macrophages on promoting migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating IL-10. Biochimie 2018; 150:23-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Budna J, Kaczmarek M, Kolecka-Bednarczyk A, Spychalski Ł, Zawierucha P, Goździk-Spychalska J, Nowicki M, Batura-Gabryel H, Sikora J. Enhanced Suppressive Activity of Regulatory T Cells in the Microenvironment of Malignant Pleural Effusions. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:9876014. [PMID: 29785404 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9876014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastatic spread to serous cavity causes malignant pleural effusions (MPEs), indicating dismal prognosis. Tumor microenvironment can implement suppressive activity on host immune responses. Thus, we investigated the prevalence of Tregs and the relationship between them and TGF-β and IL-10 concentrations and measured expression of FOXP3, CTLA-4, CD28, and GITR genes, as well as protein expression of selected genes in benign effusions and MPEs. The percentage of Tregs was determined by means of multicolor flow cytometry system. TGF-β and IL-10 concentrations were measured using human TGF-β1 and IL-10 ELISA kit. Relative mRNA expression of studied genes was analyzed by real-time PCR. The frequency of Tregs was significantly higher in MPEs compared to benign effusions; however, the level of TGF-β and IL-10 in analyzed groups was comparable, and no correlation between concentrations of TGF-β and IL-10 and percentage of Tregs was observed. Relative mRNA expression of all the genes was higher in CD4+CD25+ compared to CD4+CD25− cells. In CD4+CD25+ cells from MPEs, relative mRNA expression of FOXP3, CTLA-4, and CD28 genes was significantly higher than in benign effusions; however, the level of CD4+CD25+CTLA-4+ cells in analyzed groups showed no significant differences. We found numerous genes correlations in an entire CD4+CD25+ cell subset and CD4+CD25+ cells from MPEs. Enhanced suppressive activity of Tregs is observed in the microenvironment of MPEs. Understanding of relations between cellular and cytokine immunosuppressive factors in tumor microenvironment may determine success of anticancer response.
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Kaczmarek M, Lagiedo M, Masztalerz A, Kozlowska M, Nowicka A, Brajer B, Batura-Gabryel H, Sikora J. Concentrations of SP-A and HSP70 are associated with polarization of macrophages in pleural effusions of non-small cell lung cancer. Immunobiology 2017; 223:200-209. [PMID: 29111316 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules can initiate an immune response through Toll-like receptors (TLRs). DAMPs are released from cells as a response to the extracellular danger and can be by-products of tissue damage. In cancer microenvironment necrotic cells release debris which has potency to become DAMPs. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often accompanied by pleural effusion (PE), which contains a variety of DAMPs. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) are important DAMPs in the respiratory tract. The aim of this study was to determine a correlation between SP-A or Hsp70 and development of PE in the course of NSCLC. Moreover, we aimed to determine relationships between DAMPs and certain humoral factors associated with formation and persistence of PE as well as pleural-residing macrophages. In 34 PE samples, we estimated concentration of SP-A, Hsp70, IL-6, IL-18, G-CSF, M-CSF, SCF, SDF1α, VEGF as well as the fraction of macrophages and their pattern of polarization. We have found correlations between the concentration of the SP-A and Hsp70 and the percentage of PE-derived macrophages, also between concentrations of SP-A and Hsp70, and cytokines which participate in inflammation and processes involved in remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM). Our data indicate an important role of SP-A during the development of PE associated with NSCLC. We suggest that measurement of concentration level of SP-A can be helpful in the course of diagnosis of malignant PE associated with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Lagiedo
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Masztalerz
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Agata Nowicka
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Pulmonary Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Brajer
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Pulmonary Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Halina Batura-Gabryel
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Pulmonary Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jan Sikora
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Abstract
With the exception of hematological malignancies, flow cytometry (FC) is infrequently applied as an ancillary tool in the diagnosis of malignant effusions in most institutions. However, FC may be effectively used to differentiate between epithelial cells, mesothelial cells and leukocytes using antibodies against both cell surface and intracellular proteins, offering the advantage of quantitative analysis. Additionally, FC may be applied to the quantitative detection of cancer-associated molecules, including stem cell markers, as well as assessment of critical cellular processes, such as proliferation and apoptosis. Some of the latter tests may have relevance for monitoring treatment response in the presence of metastatic disease, although this does not constitute routine practice to date. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the application of FC to serous effusions in the diagnostic setting, as well as in research into cancer biology focusing on clinical specimens. The studies published to date suggest a role for this method in the clinical setting in the context of diagnosis, prediction and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Davidson
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Li L, Yang L, Wang L, Wang F, Zhang Z, Li J, Yue D, Chen X, Ping Y, Huang L, Zhang B, Zhang Y. Impaired T cell function in malignant pleural effusion is caused by TGF-β derived predominantly from macrophages. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2261-9. [PMID: 27459735 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Oncology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyao Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Dongli Yue
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng Chen
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ping
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Huang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago IL 60611
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450052 People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450001 People's Republic of China
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Lievense LA, Bezemer K, Cornelissen R, Kaijen-Lambers MEH, Hegmans JPJJ, Aerts JGJV. Precision immunotherapy; dynamics in the cellular profile of pleural effusions in malignant mesothelioma patients. Lung Cancer 2016; 107:36-40. [PMID: 27168021 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinical studies have proven the potential of immunotherapy in malignancies. To increase efficacy, a prerequisite is that treatment is tailored, so precision immune-oncology is the logical next step. In order to tailor treatment, characterization of the patient's tumor environment is key. Pleural effusion (PE) often accompanies malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and is an important part of the MPM environment. Furthermore, the composition of PE is used as surrogate for the tumor. In this study, we provide an insight in the dynamics of the MPM environment through characterization of PE composition over time and show that the immunological characteristics of PE do not necessarily mirror those of the tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 5 MPM patients, PE and tumor biopsies were acquired at the same time point. From one of these patients multiple PEs were obtained. PEs were acquired performing thoracocenteses and total cell amounts were determined. Immunohistochemistry was performed to quantify immune cell composition (T cells, macrophages) and tumor cells in PE derived cytospins and tumor biopsies. RESULTS The PE amount and (immune) cellular composition varied considerably over time between multiple (n=10) thoracocenteses. These dynamics could in part be attributed to the treatment regimen consisting of standard chemotherapy and dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy. In addition, the presence of T cells and macrophages in PE did not necessarily mirror the infiltration of these immune cells within tumor biopsies in 4 out of 5 patients. CONCLUSIONS In this proof-of-concept study with limited sample size, we demonstrate that the composition of PE is dynamic and influenced by treatment. Furthermore, the immune cell composition of PE does not automatically reflect the properties of tumor tissue. This has major consequences when applying precision immunotherapy based on PE findings in patients. Furthermore, it implies a regulated trafficking of immune regulating cells within the tumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lysanne A Lievense
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Koen Bezemer
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Robin Cornelissen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Joost P J J Hegmans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Joachim G J V Aerts
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.
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Trout KL, Jessop F, Migliaccio CT. Macrophage and Multinucleated Giant Cell Classification. Current Topics in Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-55732-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Aredo B, Zhang K, Chen X, Wang CXZ, Li T, Ufret-Vincenty RL. Differences in the distribution, phenotype and gene expression of subretinal microglia/macrophages in C57BL/6N (Crb1 rd8/rd8) versus C57BL6/J (Crb1 wt/wt) mice. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:6. [PMID: 25588310 PMCID: PMC4305240 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-014-0221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microglia/macrophages (MG/MΦ) are found in the subretinal space in both mice and humans. Our goal was to study the spatial and temporal distribution, the phenotype, and gene expression of subretinal MG/MΦ in mice with normal retinas and compare them to mice with known retinal pathology. Methods We studied C57BL/6 mice with (C57BL/6N), or without (C57BL/6J) the rd8 mutation in the Crb1 gene (which, in the presence of yet unidentified permissive/modifying genes, leads to a retinal degeneration), and documented their fundus appearance and the change with aging. Immunostaining of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) flat mounts was done for 1) Ionized calcium binding adaptor (Iba)-1, 2) FcγIII/II Receptor (CD16/CD32, abbreviated as CD16), and 3) Macrophage mannose receptor (MMR). Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was done for genes involved in oxidative stress, complement activation and inflammation. Results The number of yellow fundus spots correlated highly with subretinal Iba-1+ cells. The total number of subretinal MG/MΦ increased with age in the rd8 mutant mice, but not in the wild-type (WT) mice. There was a centripetal shift in the distribution of the subretinal MG/MΦ with age. Old rd8 mutant mice had a greater number of CD16+ MG/MΦ. CD16+ cells had morphological signs of activation, and this was most prominent in old rd8 mutant mice (P <1×10−8 versus old WT mice). Subretinal MG/MΦ in rd8 mutant mice also expressed iNOS and MHC-II, and had ultrastructural signs of activation. Finally, rd8 mutant mouse RPE/ MG/MΦ RNA isolates showed an upregulation of Ccl2, CFB, C3, NF-kβ, CD200R and TNF-alpha. The retinas of rd8 mutant mice showed upregulation of HO-1, C1q, C4, and Nrf-2. Conclusions When compared to C57BL/6J mice, C57BL/6N mice demonstrate increased accumulation of subretinal MG/MΦ, displaying phenotypical, morphological, and gene-expression characteristics consistent with a pro-inflammatory shift. These changes become more prominent with aging and are likely due to the combination of the rd8 mutation and yet unidentified permissive/modulatory genes in the C57BL/6N mice. In contrast, aging leads to a scavenging phenotype in the C57BL/6J subretinal microglia/macrophages. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-014-0221-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogale Aredo
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA.
| | - Kaiyan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA. .,Current address: Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570203, PR China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA. .,Current address: Department of Ophthalmology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Cynthia Xin-Zhao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA.
| | - Rafael L Ufret-Vincenty
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-9057, USA.
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Tang Y, Hua SC, Qin GX, Xu LJ, Jiang YF. Different subsets of macrophages in patients with new onset tuberculous pleural effusion. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88343. [PMID: 24520370 PMCID: PMC3919770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macrophages are the infiltrate components of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). This study is aimed at examining the role of different subsets of macrophages in pleural fluid (PF) and peripheral blood (PB) from patients with new onset TPE. METHODS The numbers of PB and PF CD163(+), CD206(+) and CD115(+) macrophages in 25 patients with new onset TPE and 17 healthy controls (HC) were determined by flow cytometry. The concentrations of serum and PF cytokines were determined by cytometric bead array (CBA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA). The potential association between the numbers of different subsets of macrophages and the values of clinical measures in TPE patients were analyzed. RESULTS The numbers of PB CD14(+)CD163(-) M1-like and CD14(+)CD163(-) interleukin (IL)-12(+) M1 macrophages were significantly higher than that in the HC, but lower than PF, and the numbers of PF CD14(+)CD163(+), CD14(+)CD163(+)CD206(+), CD14(+)CD163(+)CDll5(+) M2-like, and CD14(+)CD163(+)IL-10(+) M2 macrophages were less than PB in the TPE patients. The levels of serum IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, tumor growth factor (TGF)-β1, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the TPE patients were significantly higher than that in the HC, but lower than that in the PF. The levels of PF IL-10 were significantly higher than that in the PB of patients and HC. In addition, the levels of serum IL-12 and TNF-α were correlated positively with the values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the numbers of ESAT-6- and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10)-specific IFN-γ-secreting T cells, and the levels of PF TNF-α were correlated positively with the levels of PF adenosine deaminase (ADA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in those patients. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection induces M1 predominant pro-inflammatory responses, contributing to the development of TPE in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gui-Xiang Qin
- The Center of Tuberculous Meningitis Diagnosis and Treatment, The Infectious Disease Hospital of Changchun, Changchun, China
| | - Li-Jun Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (LJX); (YFJ)
| | - Yan-Fang Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education; Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (LJX); (YFJ)
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Jankovicova K, Kondelkova K, Habal P, Andrys C, Krejsek J, Mandak J. TLR2 in pleural fluid is modulated by talc particles during pleurodesis. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:158287. [PMID: 23304186 DOI: 10.1155/2012/158287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the role of TLR2 molecule in pleural space during thoracoscopic talc pleurodesis period in patients with malignant pleural effusion. We analyzed TLR2 molecule in soluble form as well as on membrane of granulocytes in pleural fluid. Pleural fluid examination was done at three intervals during pleurodesis procedure: 1st—before the thoracoscopic procedure, 2nd—2 hours after the terminating thoracoscopic procedure with talc insufflation, 3rd—24 hours after the thoracoscopic procedure. We reported significant increase of soluble TLR2 molecule in pleural fluid effusion during talc pleurodesis from preoperative value. This increase was approximately 8-fold in the interval of 24 hours. The changes on granulocyte population were quite different. The mean fluorescent intensity of membrane TLR2 molecule examined by flow cytometry on granulocyte population significantly decreased after talc exposure with comparison to prethoracoscopic density. To estimate the prognostic value of TLR2 expression in pleural fluid patients were retrospectively classified into either prognostically favourable or unfavourable groups. Our results proved that patients with favourable prognosis had more than 3-fold higher soluble TLR2 level in pleural fluid early, 2 hours after talc pleurodesis intervention.
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Kaczmarek M, Sikora J. Macrophages in malignant pleural effusions - alternatively activated tumor associated macrophages. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2012; 16:279-84. [PMID: 23788895 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2012.30054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural macrophages are involved in local defense mechanisms against environmental pollution, bacteria and cancer. Their main function encompasses phagocytosis of degenerated mesothelial cells. In human pleural effusions macrophages represent more than half of all cells. A model of polarized macrophage activation (M1 and M2) was proposed, which defines a functionally different macrophage populations generated in response to various factors present in the inflamed environment. Tumor associated macrophages are a major component of the inflammatory infiltrate of most cancers. They can promote the proliferation and spread of cancer cells in the early stages of carcinogenesis and during metastasis. Macrophages isolated from malignant pleural effusions as well as tumor associated macrophages exhibit weak cytotoxic activity against tumor cells, increase their proliferative activity and may protect tumor cells from apoptosis. Defining biology of macrophages present in specific environment of the pleural effusion could allow the introduction of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Engler JR, Robinson AE, Smirnov I, Hodgson JG, Berger MS, Gupta N, James CD, Molinaro A, Phillips JJ. Increased microglia/macrophage gene expression in a subset of adult and pediatric astrocytomas. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43339. [PMID: 22937035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. Gene expression profiling of GBM has revealed clinically relevant tumor subtypes, and this provides exciting opportunities to better understand disease pathogenesis. Results from an increasing number of studies demonstrate a role for the immune response in cancer progression, yet it is unclear how the immune response differs across tumor subtypes and how it affects outcome. Utilizing gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project and the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we demonstrate an enrichment of immune response-related gene expression in the mesenchymal subtype of adult GBM (n = 173) and pediatric high-grade gliomas (n = 53). In an independent cohort of pediatric astrocytomas (n = 24) from UCSF, we stratified tumors into subtypes and confirmed these findings. Using novel immune cell-specific gene signatures we demonstrate selective enrichment of microglia/macrophage-related genes in adult and pediatric GBM tumors of the mesenchymal subtype. Furthermore, immunostaining of adult GBM tumors showed significantly higher cell numbers of microglia/macrophages in mesenchymal versus non-mesenchymal tumors (p = 0.04). Interestingly, adult GBM tumors with the shortest survival had significant enrichment of microglia/macrophage-related genes but this was not true for pediatric GBMs. Consistent with an association with poor outcome, immune response-related genes were highly represented in an adult poor prognosis gene signature, with the expression of genes related to macrophage recruitment and activation being most strongly associated with survival (p<0.05) using CoxBoost multivariate modeling. Using a microglia/macrophage high gene signature derived from quantification of tumor-infiltrating cells in adult GBM, we identified enrichment of genes characteristic of CD4 T cells, granulocytes, and microglia/macrophages (n = 573). These studies support a role for the immune response, particularly the microglia/macrophage response, in the biology of an important subset of GBM. Identification of this subset may be important for future therapeutic stratification.
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