1
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Dabbaghipour R, Khaze Shahgoli V, Safaei S, Amini M, Tabei S, Shanehbandi D, Rahbar Farzam O, Baradaran B, Entezam M. siRNA-mediated downregulation of BATF3 diminished proliferation and induced apoptosis through downregulating c-Myc expression in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:100. [PMID: 38217769 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite considerable improvement in therapeutic approaches to chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment, this malignancy is considered incurable due to resistance. However, investigating the molecular mechanism of CML may give rise to the development of extremely efficient targeted therapies that improve the prognosis of patients. Basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like3 (BATF3), as transcription factor, is considered a key regulator of cellular activities and its function has been evaluated in tumor development and growth in several cancer types. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of the cellular impact of siRNA-mediated downregulation of BATF3 on CML cancer cells through cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle distribution. MATERIALS AND METHODS The transfection of BATF3 siRNA to K562 CML cells was performed by electroporation device. To measure cellular viability and apoptosis, MTT assay and Annexin V/PI staining were carried out, respectively. Also, cell cycle assay and flow cytometry instrument were applied to assess cell cycle distribution of K562 cells. For more validation, mRNA expression of correlated genes was relatively evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The data indicated that siRNA-mediated BATF3 inactivating severely promoted the cell apoptosis. Also, the targeted therapy led to high expression of Caspase-3 gene and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Silenced BATF3 also induced cell cycle arrest in phase sub-G1 compared to control. Finally, a noticeable decrement was obtained in c-Myc gene expression through suppression of BATF3 in CML cells. CONCLUSION The findings of this research illustrated the suppression of BATF3 as an effective targeted therapy strategy for CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Dabbaghipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Khaze Shahgoli
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sahar Safaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Smb Tabei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Omid Rahbar Farzam
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mona Entezam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR, Iran.
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2
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Liu Y, Jiang L, Song W, Wang C, Yu S, Qiao J, Wang X, Jin C, Zhao D, Bai X, Zhang P, Wang S, Liu M. Ginsenosides on stem cells fate specification-a novel perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1190266. [PMID: 37476154 PMCID: PMC10354371 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1190266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that stem cells have attracted much attention due to their special abilities of proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal, and are of great significance in regenerative medicine and anti-aging research. Hence, finding natural medicines that intervene the fate specification of stem cells has become a priority. Ginsenosides, the key components of natural botanical ginseng, have been extensively studied for versatile effects, such as regulating stem cells function and resisting aging. This review aims to summarize recent progression regarding the impact of ginsenosides on the behavior of adult stem cells, particularly from the perspective of proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Leilei Jiang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenbo Song
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shiting Yu
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Juhui Qiao
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xinran Wang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Chenrong Jin
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xueyuan Bai
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Peiguang Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Siming Wang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Meichen Liu
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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3
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Mayani H, Chávez-González A, Vázquez-Santillan K, Contreras J, Guzman ML. Cancer Stem Cells: Biology and Therapeutic Implications. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:770-784. [PMID: 36462951 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
It is well recognized that most cancers derive and progress from transformation and clonal expansion of a single cell that possesses stem cell properties, i.e., self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacities. Such cancer stem cells (CSCs) are usually present at very low frequencies and possess properties that make them key players in tumor development. Indeed, besides having the ability to initiate tumor growth, CSCs drive tumor progression and metastatic dissemination, are resistant to most cancer drugs, and are responsible for cancer relapse. All of these features make CSCs attractive targets for the development of more effective oncologic treatments. In the present review article, we have summarized recent advances in the biology of CSCs, including their identification through their immunophenotype, and their physiology, both in vivo and in vitro. We have also analyzed some molecular markers that might become targets for developing new therapies aiming at hampering CSCs regeneration and cancer relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Mayani
- Unidad de Investigaci..n en Enfermedades Oncol..gicas, Hospital de Oncolog.ía, Centro M..dico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Ciudad de M..xico, M..xico.
| | - Antonieta Chávez-González
- Unidad de Investigaci..n en Enfermedades Oncol..gicas, Hospital de Oncolog.ía, Centro M..dico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Ciudad de M..xico, M..xico
| | | | - Jorge Contreras
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica L Guzman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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4
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Bhattacharjee R, Ghosh S, Nath A, Basu A, Biswas O, Patil CR, Kundu CN. Theragnostic strategies harnessing the self-renewal pathways of stem-like cells in the acute myeloid leukemia. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 177:103753. [PMID: 35803452 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous and aggressive cancer of the Hematopoietic Stem/progenitor cells. It is distinguished by the uncontrollable clonal growth of malignant myeloid stem cells in the bone marrow, venous blood, and other body tissues. AML is the most predominant of leukemias occurring in adults (25%) and children (15-20%). The relapse after chemotherapy is a major concern in the treatment of AML. The overall 5-year survival rate in young AML patients is about 40-45% whereas in the elderly patients it is less than 10%. Leukemia stem-like cells (LSCs) having the ability to self-renew indefinitely, repopulate and persist longer in the G0/G1 phase play a crucial role in the AML relapse and refractoriness to chemotherapy. Hence, novel treatment strategies and diagnostic biomarkers targeting LSCs are being increasingly investigated. Through this review, we have explored the signaling modulations in the LSCs as the theragnostic targets. The significance of the self-renewal pathways in overcoming the treatment challenges in AML has been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bhattacharjee
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sharad Ghosh
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Arijit Nath
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Asmita Basu
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ojaswi Biswas
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Chandragauda R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, DIPSAR, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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5
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Torres-Barrera P, Mayani H, Chávez-González A. Understanding the hematopoietic microenvironment in chronic myeloid leukemia: A concise review. Curr Res Transl Med 2021; 69:103295. [PMID: 33962119 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2021.103295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease that results from the BCR-ABL gene-induced transformation of a primitive hematopoietic cell. This disease has been extensively studied, and, as a result, a very effective therapy has been developed: the tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Although, there is a significant knowledge about the intrinsic biology of CML cells, alterations in their bone marrow microenvironment are not yet completely understood. In this concise review, we summarized recent findings on the composition and function of the bone marrow microenvironment in CML, and their importance in the progression of the disease and treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Torres-Barrera
- Laboratorio de Células Troncales Leucémicas, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, CMN Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, UNAM, México
| | - H Mayani
- Laboratorio de Células Troncales Hematopoyéticas, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, CMN Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México
| | - A Chávez-González
- Laboratorio de Células Troncales Leucémicas, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, CMN Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México.
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6
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Assessment of Cell Cycle in Primitive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells by Flow Cytometry After Coculture with Endothelial Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 32813252 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0759-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
From the knowledge that hematopoiesis does not occur randomly in the bone marrow but is regulated by the different components of the microenvironment, the use of in vitro coculture systems has been used as a powerful tool in the analysis of different processes that are involved in the maintenance of blood cells. In this chapter, we describe a methodological strategy to perform a coculture between primitive hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells to evaluate cell cycle, an aspect of relevant importance in the permanence of primitive leukemic cells.
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7
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Li J, Zhang Y, Cui Y, Jin H, Lin Z, Piao Y, Jin J. CD44 enhances adriamycin resistance in chronic myelogenous leukaemia cells K562. Int J Lab Hematol 2021; 43:983-989. [PMID: 33411349 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate CD44 effects on the adriamycin-resistant in chronic myelogenous leukaemia cells K562, we explored the role of CD44 in the K562 cells migration and apoptosis. METHODS GeneChip® screening is used for elucidating various chemoresistance-related gene expression in the adriamycin-resistant leukaemia cells K562/ADR. We constructed K562/CD44 cells by transfection of an EGFP-SV40-CD44 plasmid, and adriamycin-resistant ability was confirmed by detecting migration and apoptosis-related proteins and mRNA expression using Western blotting and Real-time PCR respectively. RESULTS K562/CD44 cells were generated by the transfection of an EGFP-SV40-CD44 plasmid with high CD44 expression. mRNA expression levels of CD44 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp), along with the proliferation rate, were increased, while the apoptosis rate of K562/CD44 cells was decreased. Migration-associated proteins such as MMP-2 and MMP-9 were upregulated, whereas apoptosis-related protein Bax was downregulated and Bcl-2 protein was not significantly altered in the K562/CD44 cells. CONCLUSIONS CD44 might be involved in adriamycin resistance via regulation of P-gp, MMP-2, MMP-9, and Bcl-2/Bax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College (Luohe Central Hospital), Luohe, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Respiratory, Yanbian No. 2 People's Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Honghua Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department (Jilin Province), Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China
| | - Yingshi Piao
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department (Jilin Province), Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China
| | - Jingchun Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department (Jilin Province), Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China
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8
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Piña-Sánchez P, Chávez-González A, Ruiz-Tachiquín M, Vadillo E, Monroy-García A, Montesinos JJ, Grajales R, Gutiérrez de la Barrera M, Mayani H. Cancer Biology, Epidemiology, and Treatment in the 21st Century: Current Status and Future Challenges From a Biomedical Perspective. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211038735. [PMID: 34565215 PMCID: PMC8481752 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211038735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the second half of the 20th century, our knowledge about the biology of cancer has made extraordinary progress. Today, we understand cancer at the genomic and epigenomic levels, and we have identified the cell that starts neoplastic transformation and characterized the mechanisms for the invasion of other tissues. This knowledge has allowed novel drugs to be designed that act on specific molecular targets, the immune system to be trained and manipulated to increase its efficiency, and ever more effective therapeutic strategies to be developed. Nevertheless, we are still far from winning the war against cancer, and thus biomedical research in oncology must continue to be a global priority. Likewise, there is a need to reduce unequal access to medical services and improve prevention programs, especially in countries with a low human development index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Piña-Sánchez
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico
| | | | - Martha Ruiz-Tachiquín
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Vadillo
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico
| | - Alberto Monroy-García
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico
| | - Juan José Montesinos
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico
| | - Rocío Grajales
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico
| | - Marcos Gutiérrez de la Barrera
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico
- Clinical Research Division, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico
| | - Hector Mayani
- Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico
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9
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Fluorescent Nanoparticles Coated with a Somatostatin Analogue Target Blood Monocyte for Efficient Leukaemia Treatment. Pharm Res 2020; 37:217. [PMID: 33037505 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02938-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukaemia is the most prevalent form of cancer-causing death in a large number of populations and needs prompt and effective treatment. Chemotherapeutics can be used to treat leukaemia, but their pronounced killing effects to other living cells is still an issue. Active targeting to certain specific receptors in leukaemic cells is the best way to avoid damage to other living cells. Leukaemic cells can be targeted using novel nanoparticles (NPs) coated with a specific ligand, such as octreotide (OCD), to target somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2), which is expressed in leukaemic cells. METHODS Amino-PEGylated quantum dots (QDs) were chosen as model NPs. The QDs were first succinylated using succinic anhydride and then coated with OCD. The reactivity and selectivity of the formulated QDs-OCD were studied in cell lines with well-expressed SSTR2, while fluorescence was detected using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry (FACS). Conclusively, QD-OCD targeting to blood cells was studied in vivo in mice and detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and CLSM in tissues. RESULTS Highly stable QDs coated with OCD were prepared. FACS and CLSM showed highly definite interactions with overexpressed SSTR2 in the investigated cell lines. Moreover, the in vivo results revealed a higher concentration of QDs-OCD in blood cells. The fluorescence intensity of the QDs-OCD was highly accumulated in blood cells, while the unmodified QDs did not accumulate significantly in blood cells. CONCLUSION The formulated novel QDs-OCD can target SSTR2 overexpressed in blood cells with great potential for treating blood cancer.
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10
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Moradi F, Babashah S, Sadeghizadeh M, Jalili A, Hajifathali A, Roshandel H. Signaling pathways involved in chronic myeloid leukemia pathogenesis: The importance of targeting Musashi2-Numb signaling to eradicate leukemia stem cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:581-589. [PMID: 31231484 PMCID: PMC6570743 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.31879.7666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloid clonal proliferation disease defining by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome that shows the movement of BCR-ABL1. In this study, the critical role of the Musashi2-Numb axis in determining cell fate and relationship of the axis to important signaling pathways such as Hedgehog and Notch that are essential for self-renewal pathways in CML stem cells will be reviewed meticulously. Materials and Methods: In this review, a PubMed search using the keywords of Leukemia, signaling pathways, Musashi2-Numb was performed, and then we summarized different research works. Results: Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as Imatinib significantly kill and remove the cell with BCR-ABL1 translocation, they are unable to target BCR-ABL1 leukemia stem cells. The main problem is stem cells resistance to Imatinib therapy. Therefore, the identification and control of downstream molecules/ signaling route of the BCR-ABL1 that are involved in the survival and self-renewal of leukemia stem cells can be an effective treatment strategy to eliminate leukemia stem cells, which supposed to be cured by Musashi2-Numb signaling pathway. Conclusion: The control of molecules /pathways downstream of the BCR-ABL1 and targeting Musashi2-Numb can be an effective therapeutic strategy for treatment of chronic leukemia stem cells. While Musashi2 is a poor prognostic marker in leukemia, in treatment and strategy, it has significant diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foruzan Moradi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arsalan Jalili
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Hajifathali
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hajifathali Roshandel
- Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Lipid nanoparticle-mediated siRNA delivery for safe targeting of human CML in vivo. Ann Hematol 2019; 98:1905-1918. [PMID: 31104089 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-019-03713-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and safe delivery of siRNA in vivo is the biggest roadblock to clinical translation of RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapeutics. To date, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have shown efficient delivery of siRNA to the liver; however, delivery to other organs, especially hematopoietic tissues still remains a challenge. We developed DLin-MC3-DMA lipid-based LNP-siRNA formulations for systemic delivery against a driver oncogene to target human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells in vivo. A microfluidic mixing technology was used to obtain reproducible ionizable cationic LNPs loaded with siRNA molecules targeting the BCR-ABL fusion oncogene found in CML. We show a highly efficient and non-toxic delivery of siRNA in vitro and in vivo with nearly 100% uptake of LNP-siRNA formulations in bone marrow of a leukemic model. By targeting the BCR-ABL fusion oncogene, we show a reduction of leukemic burden in our myeloid leukemia mouse model and demonstrate reduced disease burden in mice treated with LNP-BCR-ABL siRNA as compared with LNP-CTRL siRNA. Our study provides proof-of-principle that fusion oncogene specific RNAi therapeutics can be exploited against leukemic cells and promise novel treatment options for leukemia patients.
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12
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Contreras L, Calderon RI, Varela-Ramirez A, Zhang HY, Quan Y, Das U, Dimmock JR, Skouta R, Aguilera RJ. Induction of apoptosis via proteasome inhibition in leukemia/lymphoma cells by two potent piperidones. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:623-636. [PMID: 30088262 PMCID: PMC6241245 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previously, compounds containing a piperidone structure have been shown to be highly cytotoxic to cancer cells. Recently, we found that the piperidone compound P2 exhibits a potent anti-neoplastic activity against human breast cancer-derived cells. Here, we aimed to evaluate two piperidone compounds, P1 and P2, for their potential anti-neoplastic activity against human leukemia/lymphoma-derived cells. METHODS Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction were evaluated using MTS, annexin V-FITC/PI and mitochondrial membrane potential polychromatic assays to confirm the mode of action of the piperidone compounds. The effects of compound P1 and P2 treatment on gene expression were assessed using AmpliSeq analysis and, subsequently, confirmed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS We found that the two related piperidone compounds P1 and P2 selectively killed the leukemia/lymphoma cells tested at nanomolar concentrations through induction of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, as demonstrated by mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3 activation. AmpliSeq-based transcriptome analyses of the effects of compounds P1 and P2 on HL-60 acute leukemia cells revealed a differential expression of hundreds of genes, 358 of which were found to be affected by both. Additional pathway analyses revealed that a significant number of the common genes were related to the unfolded protein response, implying a possible role of the two compounds in the induction of proteotoxic stress. Subsequent analyses of the transcriptome data revealed that P1 and P2 induced similar gene expression alterations as other well-known proteasome inhibitors. Finally, we found that Noxa, an important mediator of the activity of proteasome inhibitors, was significantly upregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels, indicating a possible role in the cytotoxic mechanism induced by P1 and P2. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that the cytotoxic activity of P1 and P2 on leukemia/lymphoma cells is mediated by proteasome inhibition, leading to activation of pro-apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisett Contreras
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA
| | - Ruben I Calderon
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA
| | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Quan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Umashankar Das
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Jonathan R Dimmock
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Rachid Skouta
- Department of Chemistry, Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003-9297, USA
| | - Renato J Aguilera
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA.
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13
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Xu X, Schneider B. Therapeutic targeting potential of chromatin-associated proteins in MLL-rearranged acute leukemia. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 42:117-130. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0414-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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14
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Mutual concessions and compromises between stromal cells and cancer cells: driving tumor development and drug resistance. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:353-367. [PMID: 30027403 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various cancers have been found to be associated with heterogeneous and adaptive tumor microenvironments (TMEs) and to be driven by the local TMEs in which they thrive. Cancer heterogeneity plays an important role in tumor cell survival, progression and drug resistance. The diverse cellular components of the TME may include cancer-associated fibroblasts, adipocytes, pericytes, mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial cells, lymphocytes and other immune cells. These components may support tumor development through the secretion of growth factors, evasion from immune checkpoints, metabolic adaptations, modulations of the extracellular matrix, activation of oncogenes and the acquisition of drug resistance. Here, we will address recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying stromal-tumor cell interactions, with special emphasis on basic and pre-clinical information that may facilitate the design of novel personalized cancer therapies. CONCLUSIONS This review presents a holistic view on the translational potential of the interplay between stromal cells and cancer cells. This interplay is currently being employed for the development of promising preclinical and clinical biomarkers, and the design of small molecule inhibitors, antibodies and small RNAs for (combinatorial) cancer treatment options. In addition, nano-carriers, tissue scaffolds and 3-D based matrices are being developed to precisely and safely deliver these compounds.
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15
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Wang W, Wan L, Wu S, Yang J, Zhou Y, Liu F, Wu Z, Cheng Y. Mesenchymal marker and LGR5 expression levels in circulating tumor cells correlate with colorectal cancer prognosis. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:495-504. [PMID: 29949050 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0386-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been found to correlate with colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis, whereas epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CTCs has been found to be associated with CRC metastasis. LGR5 is a known target of Wnt signaling and plays an important role in CRC development. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical relevance of EMT and LGR5 expression in CTCs from CRC patients. METHODS Sixty-six CRC patients were included in this study. The detection and expression of EMT phenotypes in CTCs from these patients were assessed using CanPatrol™ CTC enrichment and mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH), respectively. LGR5 expression in the CTCs was assessed using mRNA ISH. RESULTS CTCs were detected in 86.4% (57/66) of the CRC patients included. Both the numbers of total CTCs and of CTCs displaying a mesenchymal phenotype (M+ CTCs) were found to significantly correlate with advanced disease stages and the occurrence of metastasis (p < 0.05). An adjusted multivariate analysis also indicated that the number of M+ CTCs significantly correlated with the occurrence of metastasis (p = 0.031). Additionally, we found that a high LGR5 expression level significantly correlated with the occurrence of metastasis (p < 0.05). We also found that the presence of ≥ 6 CTCs or ≥ 3 M+ CTCs per 5 ml blood significantly correlated with disease progression (p < 0.05). Patients with ≥ 6 CTCs or ≥ 3 M+ CTCs per 5 ml blood were found to exhibit poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates (p < 0.05 in all cases). Using Cox regression analyses, we found that only total CTC numbers remained as independent prognostic factors for a worse PFS (p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS From our data we conclude that CTC numbers and EMT phenotypes may serve as prognostic markers for disease progression and metastasis in CRC patients. In addition, we conclude that LGR5 expression in CTCs may serve as a marker for CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of CQMU, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Wan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of CQMU, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Jianguo Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of CQMU, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of CQMU, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- SurExam Bio-Tech Co., Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of CQMU, Chongqing, China.
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16
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Alves ITS, Condinho M, Custódio S, Pereira BF, Fernandes R, Gonçalves V, da Costa PJ, Lacerda R, Marques AR, Martins-Dias P, Nogueira GR, Neves AR, Pinho P, Rodrigues R, Rolo E, Silva J, Travessa A, Leite RP, Sousa A, Romão L. Genetics of personalized medicine: cancer and rare diseases. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:335-341. [PMID: 29633150 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The 21st annual meeting of the Portuguese Society of Human Genetics (SPGH), organized by Luísa Romão, Ana Sousa and Rosário Pinto Leite, was held in Caparica, Portugal, from the 16th to the 18th of November 2017. Having entered an era in which personalized medicine is emerging as a paradigm for disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention, the program of this meeting intended to include lectures by leading national and international scientists presenting exceptional findings on the genetics of personalized medicine. Various topics were discussed, including cancer genetics, transcriptome dynamics and novel therapeutics for cancers and rare disorders that are designed to specifically target molecular alterations in individual patients. Several panel discussions were held to emphasize (ethical) issues associated with personalized medicine, including genetic cancer counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Teles Siefers Alves
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Springer Science + Business Media B.V, Van Godewijckstraat 30, 3311, GX, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Manuel Condinho
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sónia Custódio
- Medical Genetics Service, Pediatric Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruna F Pereira
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rafael Fernandes
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vânia Gonçalves
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo J da Costa
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rafaela Lacerda
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Marques
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Martins-Dias
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo R Nogueira
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Neves
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Pinho
- Genetics Laboratory, Hospital Center of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raquel Rodrigues
- Medical Genetics Service, Pediatric Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eva Rolo
- Medical Genetics Service, Pediatric Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Silva
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - André Travessa
- Medical Genetics Service, Pediatric Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rosário Pinto Leite
- Genetics Laboratory, Hospital Center of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Sousa
- Medical Genetics Service, Pediatric Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luísa Romão
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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17
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Han XJ, Shi SL, Wei YF, Jiang LP, Guo MY, Wu HL, Wan YY. Involvement of mitochondrial dynamics in the antineoplastic activity of cisplatin in murine leukemia L1210 cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:985-992. [PMID: 28677814 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a type of hematopoietic stem cell malignant cloned disease with high mortality. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is one of the most common treatments for leukemia. Similar to other chemotherapeutic agents, cisplatin resistance has become a serious issue in cancer therapy. In the present study, we investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamics in the antineoplastic activity of cisplatin in murine leukemia L1210 cells. Firstly, the L1210 cell line resistant to cisplatin (L1210/DDP) was established. Compared to its parental cell line, the IC50 value of cisplatin in the L1210/DDP cells was increased 10-fold. Mitofusins (Mfn1 and Mfn2), mitochondrial outer membrane fusion proteins, were markedly upregulated in the L1210/DDP cells, whereas the expression of fission protein Drp1 and inner membrane fusion protein OPA1 were not significantly altered. In addition, mitofusins were also upregulated in the parental L1210 cells subjected to cisplatin stress. To investigate the role of mitochondrial dynamics in the antineoplastic activity of cisplatin, the effect of mitochondrial division inhibitor (Mdivi)-1 on cisplatin‑induced cell death, caspase-3 cleavage and ROS production was examined in L1210 cells. We found that 5 µM of Mdivi-1 efficiently attenuated cisplatin-induced cell death, caspase activation and intracellular ROS increase in L1210 cells. Our data indicated that mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in the antineoplastic activity of cisplatin, and mitofusin-mediated mitochondrial fusion may be involved in the process of cisplatin resistance in leukemia cells. Therefore, the present study revealed that mitochondrial dynamics may be a potential target used to improve the antineoplastic activity of cisplatin in leukemia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jian Han
- Department of Intra-Hospital Infection Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Lan Shi
- Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Fang Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Miao-Yu Guo
- Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Li Wu
- Department of Intra-Hospital Infection Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ying Wan
- Department of Intra-Hospital Infection Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE Given its extremely poor prognosis, there is a pressing need for an improved understanding of the biology of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), including the roles of tumor subpopulations that may contribute to their growth rate and therapy resistance. The most malignant phenotypes of GBM have been ascribed to the presence of subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs and ionizing radiation and which promote invasiveness and metastasis. The mechanisms by which the CSC state is obtained and by which it promotes tumor maintenance are only beginning to emerge. We hypothesize that M2 polarized macrophages may affect CSC phenotypes via cell-cell communication. METHODS We investigated the interplay between glioma CSCs and macrophages via co-culture. The invasiveness of CSCs in the absence and presence of macrophages was assessed using collagen degradation and Transwell migration assays. The role of STAT3 as a CSC phenotypic mediator was assessed using siRNA-mediated gene silencing. RESULTS We found that the levels of a M2 macrophage-specific secreted cytokine, TGF-β1, were elevated in the presence of CSCs, regardless of whether the cells were plated as contacting or non-contacting co-cultures. In addition, we found that the co-culture resulted in enhanced expression of M2 markers in macrophages that were previously polarized to the M1 phenotype. siRNA-mediated STAT3 silencing was found to reduce the chemo-responsiveness and migratory abilities of the CSCs. Combination treatment of STAT3 siRNA and DNA alkylating agents was found to further abrogate CSC functions. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that the co-culture of CSCs and macrophages results in bi-directional signaling that alters the phenotypes of both cell types. These results provide an explanation for recently observed effects of macrophages on GBM tumor cell growth, motility and therapeutic resistance, and suggest potential therapeutic strategies to disrupt the CSC phenotype by impairing its communication with macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leora M Nusblat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Molly J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Charles M Roth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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19
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Wang H, Wang X, Xin N, Qi L, Liao A, Yang W, Liu Z, Zhao C. Live kinase B1 maintains CD34 +CD38 - AML cell proliferation and self-renewal. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 434:25-32. [PMID: 28397012 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Live kinase B1 (LKB1) has been recognized as a tumor suppressor in many human cancers; however, LKB1 maintains self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The existence of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) is responsible for drug resistance and leukemia relapse. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), CD34+CD38- fraction is the most enriched compartment for LSCs. We found that LKB1 was upregulated in CD34+CD38- AML cells. LKB1 downregulation suppressed the long-term proliferation of CD34+CD38- AML cells, induced CD34+CD38- AML cells into G2/M phase, and enhanced the sensitivity of CD34+CD38- AML cells to chemotherapy. Furthermore, LKB1 downregulation in CD34+CD38- AML cells inhibited tumor formation in NOD-SCID mice. Downregulation of LKB1 gene makes LSCs partly loose the characters as stem cells. Gene expression microarray showed that MAPK/ERK pathway was implicated in the regulation of CD34+CD38- AML cell proliferation by LKB1. Together, these findings demonstrate that LKB1 plays an important role in the maintenance of LSCs, which may be responsible for drug resistance and AML relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110039, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Na Xin
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Aijun Liao
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110039, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110039, China
| | - Zhuogang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110039, China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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