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Liu Y, Cai K, Qi K, Xiong X, Sun Z, Shi Y, Chen A. The Effects of a Ball Combination Training Program Combined with a Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation Intervention on Eating Behaviors in Autistic Children with Accompanying Intellectual Disabilities: A Preliminary Study. Nutrients 2025; 17:1446. [PMID: 40362755 PMCID: PMC12073229 DOI: 10.3390/nu17091446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2025] [Revised: 04/20/2025] [Accepted: 04/21/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Eating behavior problems significantly affect the physical health and quality of life of children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities (co-occurring ASD/ID). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week Ball Combination Training Program (BCTP), continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS), and an intervention combining both (in the CIG) on the eating behaviors of children with co-occurring ASD/ID. Methods: A total of 48 participants were assigned into one of four groups: the BCTP (n = 13), cTBS (n = 12), the CIG (n = 11), and a control group (n = 12). The intervention groups received their respective treatments in addition to the routine institutional rehabilitation, whereas the control group only received the standard institutional rehabilitation. The intervention outcomes were assessed using the parent-reported Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Results: The results indicated that all three intervention methods led to improvements in their eating behavior after 12 weeks. Specifically, the BCTP group and the CIG demonstrated significantly reduced Food Fussiness behavior, while the children's Enjoyment of Food was markedly enhanced in the cTBS group and the CIG. Furthermore, the CIG experienced a particularly notable effect in terms of the improvement in the Satiety Responsiveness dimension of their eating behavior. Among the three approaches, the CIG demonstrated a clear advantage over the single interventions in terms of both the breadth and magnitude of its improvements. Conclusions: This study confirmed the effectiveness of these three intervention strategies in addressing dietary behavior problems among children with co-occurring ASD/ID. Future research should focus on exploring the combined intervention approach further, particularly its potential synergy, while delving deeper into the neural mechanisms underlying these behavioral improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Liu
- Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland; (Y.L.); (K.Q.)
| | - Kelong Cai
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (K.C.); (Z.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Kai Qi
- Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland; (Y.L.); (K.Q.)
| | - Xuan Xiong
- Department of Physical Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China;
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (K.C.); (Z.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yifan Shi
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (K.C.); (Z.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Aiguo Chen
- Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing 210014, China
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2
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Xin X, Wang H, Guo Y, Xie J. Effect of long-term exercise on circulating ghrelin in overweight and obese individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2025; 12:1518143. [PMID: 39917742 PMCID: PMC11798780 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1518143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective Ghrelin, also known as the "hunger hormone," is a pivotal hormone in controlling appetite, and it is the only known gastrointestinal hormone that promotes food intake, contributing to the regulation of energy balance and body weight. However, studies on the long-term effects of exercise on ghrelin levels in obese populations have shown conflicting results. This study aims to summarize RCT experiments exploring changes in ghrelin levels following long-term exercise in obese or overweight individuals through meta-analysis. Methods This study employed meta-analytical techniques, searching databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE, to gather research on exercise and ghrelin. The quality of the studies was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook standards, and data analysis for ghrelin, BMI, and weight was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16.0 software. A total of 13 interventions involving 944 participants were included to systematically investigate the regulatory effects of exercise on ghrelin levels in obese and overweight individuals. Meta-analytical results were calculated using standardized mean differences (SMDs). Results Exercise interventions significantly increased ghrelin levels (SMD =1.16, 95% CI = 0.52 to 1.80, p < 0.0001), with high inter-study heterogeneity (I 2 = 90%). Subgroup analysis suggested that RT and AE + RT were more effective than AE. For BMI, exercise led to a significant reduction (SMD = -0.43, 95% CI = -0.69 to -0.16, p = 0.002), with low heterogeneity (I 2 = 21%). Similarly, exercise significantly reduced weight (SMD = -0.54, 95% CI = -0.98 to -0.11, p = 0.01), though with high heterogeneity (I 2 = 75%). These results suggest exercise effectively improves ghrelin levels, BMI, and weight. Conclusion Prolonged exercise interventions demonstrated a statistically significant effect on ghrelin levels. This indicates that exercise interventions can elevate ghrelin levels, which may be associated with reductions in BMI and weight. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42024588259.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Xie
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
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3
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Pratapwar MP, Sheth HJ, Ravi AK, Block ML, Korber KA, Kepsel A, Leimanis-Laurens M, Comstock SS. Use of Biomarkers in Nutrition Intervention Studies of Children: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:3584. [PMID: 39519417 PMCID: PMC11547836 DOI: 10.3390/nu16213584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity in youth is an increasingly prevalent public health concern worldwide. Lifestyle interventions aim to help participants establish healthy habits and reduce obesity-related disease risk by targeting physical activity and dietary habits. Most studies assess weight loss, but biomarkers may enable more rapid and comprehensive assessment of intervention success. This scoping review aims to synthesize the published literature on which biomarkers are assessed during interventions for pediatric obesity to inform future use. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search of five databases conducted in February 2022 returned 1579 unique and relevant articles published between 2006 and 2021. After screening titles, abstracts, and full text, four reviewers determined that 43 studies met eligibility requirements. Quality screening was conducted, and 97.7% of papers were of fair or good quality. Of the 43 studies, 47% reported measures of adipose-related signaling molecules inclusive of adipokines, 74% included insulin-related biomarkers, 63% reported lipid-related biomarkers, 40% reported proinflammatory cytokine biomarkers, 12% reported measures of skin and/or plasma carotenoids, 40% measured blood pressure, and 21% included liver enzymes. Sixty-seven percent of studies measured biomarkers in whole blood, 40% measured biomarkers in plasma, 56% measured biomarkers in serum, and 2% measured biomarkers in urine. This work summarizes the current use of biomarkers in lifestyle intervention studies enrolling children. These biomarkers could be clinically relevant for pediatric weight management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha P. Pratapwar
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Heli J. Sheth
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Anushree K. Ravi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Kiersten A. Korber
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Andrea Kepsel
- MSU Libraries, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Mara Leimanis-Laurens
- Pediatric Critical Care Unit, Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, 100 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Life Sciences Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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4
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Vasil TM, Fleury ES, Walker ED, Kuiper JR, Buckley JP, Cecil KM, Chen A, Kalkwarf HJ, Lanphear BP, Yolton K, Braun JM. Associations of pre- and postnatal per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure with adolescents' eating behaviors. Environ Epidemiol 2024; 8:e343. [PMID: 39555184 PMCID: PMC11567689 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), persistent environmental chemicals, may act as obesogens by interacting with neuroendocrine pathways regulating energy homeostasis and satiety signals influencing adolescent eating behaviors. Methods In 211 HOME Study adolescents (Cincinnati, OH; recruited 2003-2006), we measured PFAS concentrations in serum collected during pregnancy, at delivery, and at ages 3, 8, and 12 years. Caregivers completed the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) at age 12, and we calculated food approach and food avoidance scores. Using quantile-based g-computation, we estimated covariate-adjusted associations between a mixture of four gestational PFAS and CEBQ scores. We identified high (n = 76, 36%) and low (n = 135, 64%) longitudinal PFAS mixture exposure profiles between delivery and age 12 years using latent profile analysis and related these to CEBQ scores. We examined whether child sex or physical activity modified these associations. Results We observed no association of gestational PFAS mixture with food approach or food avoidance scores. Children in the higher longitudinal PFAS mixture profile had slightly higher food approach scores (β: 0.47, 95% CI: -0.27, 1.23) and similar food avoidance scores (β: -0.15, 95% CI: -0.75, 0.46) compared with children in the lower profile. We found some evidence that higher physical activity favorably modified the association between longitudinal PFAS mixture profiles and emotional overeating (interaction P value = 0.13). Child sex did not consistently modify any associations. Conclusions Serum PFAS concentrations were not consistently linked to adolescent eating behaviors in this study, suggesting alternative pathways, such as metabolic rate, may underlie previously observed associations between PFAS exposure and childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elvira S. Fleury
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Erica D. Walker
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jordan R. Kuiper
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jessie P. Buckley
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kim M. Cecil
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Heidi J. Kalkwarf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Bruce P. Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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5
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Mitoiu BI, Nartea R, Miclaus RS. Impact of Resistance and Endurance Training on Ghrelin and Plasma Leptin Levels in Overweight and Obese Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8067. [PMID: 39125635 PMCID: PMC11311634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise training is a valuable tool for improving body weight and composition in overweight or obese adults, which leads to a negative energy balance. It is relevant to consider whether exercise can help people lose weight or prevent weight gain because any energy expended in exercise increases the severity of hunger and promotes food consumption. Over the past decade, the identification of the circulating peptide ghrelin, which alerts the brain to the body's nutritional state, has significantly expanded our understanding of this homeostatic mechanism that controls appetite and body weight. To shed more light on this issue, we decided to investigate the effects of resistance and endurance training on plasma ghrelin and leptin levels. In addition, we sought to understand the mechanisms by which acute and chronic exercise can regulate hunger. This review analyzes studies published in the last fifteen years that focused on changes suffered by ghrelin, leptin, or both after physical exercise in overweight or obese individuals. Most studies have shown a decrease in leptin levels and an increase in ghrelin levels in these cases. Exercise regimens that support weight maintenance need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brindusa Ilinca Mitoiu
- Clinical Department 9, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu Clinical Emergency Hospital, 077016 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Nartea
- Clinical Department 9, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute for Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, 030079 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Steliana Miclaus
- Department of Fundamental, Preventive, and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
- Neurorehabilitation Department, Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry and Neurology, 500036 Brasov, Romania
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González-Domínguez Á, Belmonte T, González-Domínguez R. Childhood obesity, metabolic syndrome, and oxidative stress: microRNAs go on stage. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:1147-1164. [PMID: 37672200 PMCID: PMC10698091 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09834-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of childhood obesity and metabolic syndrome has grown notably in the last years, becoming major public health burdens in developed countries. Nowadays, oxidative stress is well-recognized to be closely associated with the onset and progression of several obesity-related complications within the framework of a complex crosstalk involving other intertwined pathogenic events, such as inflammation, insulin disturbances, and dyslipidemia. Thus, understanding the molecular basis behind these oxidative dysregulations could provide new approaches for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of childhood obesity and associated disorders. In this respect, the transcriptomic characterization of miRNAs bares great potential because of their involvement in post-transcriptional modulation of genetic expression. Herein, we provide a comprehensive literature revision gathering state-of-the-art research into the association between childhood obesity, metabolic syndrome, and miRNAs. We put special emphasis on the potential role of miRNAs in modulating obesity-related pathogenic events, with particular focus on oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, 11009, Spain.
| | - Thalía Belmonte
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, 11009, Spain
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7
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Ramos-Lopez O. Epigenetic Biomarkers of Metabolic Responses to Lifestyle Interventions. Nutrients 2023; 15:4251. [PMID: 37836535 PMCID: PMC10574040 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have examined the possible utility of epigenetic phenomena (DNA methylation changes, covalent histone modifications, and miRNA expression patterns) in predicting individual responses to different lifestyle programs. Nonetheless, most available evidence is focused on identifying epigenetic marks eventually associated with body composition and adiposity outcomes, whereas their roles in metabolic endings remain less explored. This document comprehensively reviewed the evidence regarding the use of epigenetic signatures as putative biomarkers of metabolic outcomes (glycemic, lipid, blood pressure, and inflammatory/oxidative stress features) in response to different lifestyle interventions in humans. Although more investigation is still necessary in order to translate this knowledge in clinical practice, these scientific insights are contributing to the design of advanced strategies for the precise management of cardiometabolic risk, gaining understanding on metabolic heterogeneity, allowing for the prediction of metabolic outcomes, and facilitating the design of epigenome-based nutritional strategies for a more customized approach for metabolic alterations treatment under the scope of precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Medicine and Psychology School, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Mexico
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8
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Sheikholeslami-Vatani D, Rostamzadeh N. Changes in Appetite-Dependent Hormones and Body Composition After 8 Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training and Vitamin D Supplementation in Sedentary Overweight Men. Front Nutr 2022; 9:827630. [PMID: 35198590 PMCID: PMC8860169 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.827630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise and diet are important factors for energy balance and appetite regulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and vitamin D3 supplementation in sedentary overweight men. Forty-eight participants were randomly assigned to one of the following four groups (n = 12): HIIT + VitD, HIIT + placebo (3 sessions per week, 10 × 1 min interval cycling at 90-100% VO2peak separated by 1 min active recovery at 15% VO2peakfor 8 weeks), Vit D and control groups. Participants received 2,000 IU/day 25 (OH) D3 or placebo. Measurements were taken pre and post training after 10 h overnight fasting. Insulin, weight, BMI and body fat percentage were significantly decreased, but PYY was significantly increased in the HIIT + Vit D and HIIT + placebo groups (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) after 8 weeks of HIIT. Insulin (p = 0.009, p = 0.001), weight, BMI and body fat percentage (p = 0.001, p = 0.001) were significantly lower in the HIIT + Vit D and HIIT + placebo groups compared to the Vit D and control groups. However, PYY was significantly higher in the HIIT + Vit D group compared to the Vit D (p = 0.025) and control groups (p = 0.007) and also in the HIIT + placebo group compared to the Vit D (p = 0.037) and control groups (p = 0.032) after 8 weeks of HIIT. The combination of regular HIIT with vitamin D supplementation has a effect on appetite control and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naser Rostamzadeh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
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9
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Ouerghi N, Feki M, Bragazzi NL, Knechtle B, Hill L, Nikolaidis PT, Bouassida A. Ghrelin Response to Acute and Chronic Exercise: Insights and Implications from a Systematic Review of the Literature. Sports Med 2021; 51:2389-2410. [PMID: 34374968 PMCID: PMC8514378 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ghrelin is a peptide hormone predominantly produced by the stomach. It exerts a wide range of functions including stimulating growth hormone release and regulating appetite, food intake, and glucose and lipid metabolism. Since physical exercise affects all these aspects, a particular interest is accorded to the relationship between ghrelin and exercise. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current available data on the topic for a better understanding of the relationship. METHODS An extensive computerized search was performed in the PubMed and SPORTDiscus databases for retrieving relevant articles. The search contained the following keywords: ghrelin, appetite-related peptides, gastrointestinal peptides, gastrointestinal hormones, exercise, acute exercise, chronic exercise, training, and physical activity. Studies investigating the effects of acute/chronic exercise on circulating forms of ghrelin were included. RESULTS The initial search identified 840 articles. After screening, 80 articles were included. Despite a heterogeneity of studies and a variability of the findings, the review suggests that acute exercise suppresses acyl ghrelin production regardless of the participants and the exercise characteristics. Long- and very long-term exercise training programs mostly resulted in increased total and des-acyl ghrelin production. The increase is more noticeable in overweight/obese individuals, and is most likely due to weight loss resulting from the training program. CONCLUSION The review suggests that exercise may impact ghrelin production. While the precise mechanisms are unclear, the effects are likely due to blood flow redistribution and weight loss for acute and chronic exercise, respectively. These changes are expected to be metabolically beneficial. Further research is needed for a better understanding of the relationship between ghrelin and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejmeddine Ouerghi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, UR13JS01, University of Jendouba, 7100, Kef, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Rabta Hospital, LR99ES11, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Feki
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Rabta Hospital, LR99ES11, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Postgraduate School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, Vadianstrasse 26, 9001, St. Gallen, Switzerland. .,Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lee Hill
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | | | - Anissa Bouassida
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, UR13JS01, University of Jendouba, 7100, Kef, Tunisia
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10
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Ehtesham N, Shahrbanian S, Valadiathar M, Mowla SJ. Modulations of obesity-related microRNAs after exercise intervention: a systematic review and bioinformatics analysis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2817-2831. [PMID: 33772703 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the prevalent health-threatening conditions; however, it is preventable by lifestyle interventions such as exercise. The molecular mechanisms underlying physiological adaptation to physical activity are not fully understood. It has been documented that both intracellular and extracellular (circulating) microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in both obesogenic and exercise adaptation mechanisms. We aimed to conduct a systematic review of publications that examined the effect of exercise on the expression of miRNAs in individuals with obesity. In addition, bioinformatics analysis was performed on most repetitive miRNAs. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched with relevant keywords. We only included studies that utilized exercise as a modality for the health management of human subjects with obesity to evaluate the changes in expression of obesity-related miRNAs. Through checking of 211 retrieved articles, we reached 12 eligible studies. Some studies reported a statistically significant correlation between the change of miRNAs and clinical parameters such as body mass index and fasting glucose. In silico analysis of most repetitive miRNAs i.e. miR-126, miR-21, miR-146a, miR-221, and miR-223 resulted in the molecular signaling pathways that potentially involve in cellular adaption to exercise in people with obesity. miRNAs partake in health-related benefits of physical activity on obesity-associated cellular and molecular phenomena. However, our understanding of the exact mechanism is still in its infancy. Consistently, the clinicians waiting for the result of more integrated experiments to develop a miRNAs panel as a predictive biomarker of exercise in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeim Ehtesham
- Student Research Committee, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Shahrbanian
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Valadiathar
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Hromadnikova I, Kotlabova K, Krofta L, Sirc J. Association Analysis in Children Born from Normal and Complicated Pregnancies-Cardiovascular Disease Associated microRNAs and the Incidence of Prehypertension/Hypertension, Overweight/Obesity, Valve Problems and Heart Defects. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218413. [PMID: 33182505 PMCID: PMC7672623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal was to assess how a history of any kind of pregnancy-related complication altered expression profile of microRNAs played a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the peripheral blood leukocytes of children at the age of 3–11 years. The prior exposure to gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes or spontaneous preterm birth causes that a significant proportion of children (57.42% to 90.0% specifically) had a substantially altered microRNA expression profile, which might be the origin of a lifelong cardiovascular risk. A total of 23 out of 29 tested microRNAs were upregulated in children born from such complicated gestation. The occurrence of overweight, obesity, valve problems and heart defects even intensified upregulation of microRNAs already present in children exposed to such pregnancy complications. The occurrence of overweight/obesity (miR-92a-3p, and miR-210-3p) and valve problems or heart defects (miR-342-3p) induced microRNA upregulation in children affected with pregnancy complications. Overall, 42.86% overweight/obese children and 27.36% children with valve problems or heart defects had even higher microRNA levels than children with normal clinical findings after complicated pregnancies. In addition, the microRNA expression profile was also able to differentiate between children descending from normal gestation in relation to the occurrence of overweight and obesity. Screening on the base of the combination of 19 microRNAs identified 70.0% overweight/obese children at 90.0% specificity. In general, children after complicated pregnancies, just as children after normal pregnancies, with abnormal findings are at a higher risk of the onset of cardiovascular complications, and their dispensarization, with the aim to implement primary prevention strategies, would be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-296511336
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Sirc
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (J.S.)
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