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Srivastava AV, Brown R, Newport DJ, Rousseau JF, Wagner KD, Guzick A, Devargas C, Claassen C, Ugalde IT, Garrett A, Gushanas K, Liberzon I, Cisler JM, Nemeroff CB. The role of resilience in the development of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder after trauma in children and adolescents. Psychiatry Res 2024; 334:115772. [PMID: 38442477 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This investigation, conducted within the Texas Childhood Trauma Research Network, investigated the prospective relationships between resiliency and emergent internalizing symptoms among trauma-exposed youth. The cohort encompassed 1262 youth, aged 8-20, from twelve health-related institutions across Texas, who completed assessments at baseline and one- and six-month follow-ups for resiliency, symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other demographic and clinical characteristics. At baseline, greater resilience was positively associated with older age, male (vs female) sex assigned at birth, and history of mental health treatment. Unadjusted for covariates, higher baseline resilience was associated with greater prospective depression and PTSD symptoms but not anxiety symptoms. Upon adjusting for demographic and clinical factors, higher baseline resilience was no longer associated with depression, PTSD, or anxiety symptoms. Our analyses demonstrate that the predictive value of resilience on psychopathology is relatively small compared to more readily observable clinical and demographic factors. These data suggest a relatively minor prospective role of resilience in protecting against internalizing symptoms among trauma-exposed youth and highlight the importance of controlling for relevant youth characteristics when investigating a protective effect of resilience on internalizing symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun V Srivastava
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA
| | - Ryan Brown
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA
| | - D Jeffrey Newport
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA; Department of Women's Health, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Justin F Rousseau
- Department of Population Health, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Karen D Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Guzick
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cecilia Devargas
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center - El Paso Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Claassen
- Department of Psychiatry, JPS Health Network / University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Irma T Ugalde
- Department of Emergency Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amy Garrett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kim Gushanas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Josh M Cisler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA.
| | - Charles B Nemeroff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Health Discovery Building, 1601 Trinity Blvd, Austin, TX 78701, USA
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Adamowicz JL, Sirotiak Z, Thomas EB. Psychological flexibility and global health in young adults with and without a self-reported functional somatic syndrome: a preliminary investigation. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:3091-3106. [PMID: 37227813 PMCID: PMC11062592 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2216940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Functional somatic syndromes (FSS) are associated with functional impairments and distress. FSSs are common among young adults, and psychological flexibility may be a transdiagnostic process appropriate for treatment of FSS in this population. The objective of the current study was to compare physical and mental health in young adults with and without a self-reported FSS and examine which psychological flexibility processes are associated with better physical and mental health in the FSS subset. A total of 447 young adults participated in the current study. Individuals who reported an FSS diagnosis were coded as having a self-reported FSS. Physical and mental health and psychological flexibility were measured via self-report. FSS and non-FSS groups were compared regarding demographic characteristics and on the primary outcomes. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the role of the psychological flexibility processes in physical and mental health in the FSS subset. Findings revealed that the FSS group scored significantly lower on measures of physical health and demonstrated less behavioral awareness than the non-FSS group. No differences regarding mental health were found. All three psychological flexibility processes were associated with physical and mental health, accounting for 26-49% of the variance in these outcomes. In conclusion, young adults with FSS experience more physical health difficulties than those without FSS. Psychological flexibility processes were related to better physical and mental health in those with FSS. These findings add to the literature and provide preliminary support for psychological flexibility as a future target for intervention development and implementation aimed at young adults with FSS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zoe Sirotiak
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences
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Polizzi CP, McDonald CW, Sleight FG, Lynn SJ. Resilience, Coping, and the Covid-19 Pandemic Across the Globe - an Update: What Have we Learned? CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2023; 20:316-326. [PMID: 37791081 PMCID: PMC10544248 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic is a mass traumatic event that has universally and indiscriminately negatively affected the world. The adverse consequences of the pandemic have globally impacted psychological health and well-being via increased stressors, such as uncertainty, health anxieties, and financial instability. During the initial months of the pandemic, we (Polizzi et al., 2020) identified coping strategies that may be well-suited to address the sequelae of the pandemic. These strategies included behavioral activation, acceptance-based coping, mindfulness practice, and loving-kindness meditation. We argued that these coping skills may foster resilience and recovery during the pandemic by generating a sense of social connection, encouraging meaning-making, and enhancing feelings of control amid uncertainty. Three years later, we update our initial suggestions by providing a narrative review that considers empirical evidence collected during the pandemic to support the utility of the previously identified coping strategies as well as additional strategies. We also discuss cross-cultural similarities and differences among these strategies and how research supports their application across diverse countries and groups. Finally, we conclude by synthesizing the literature within a regulatory flexibility framework that emphasizes flexible skill implementation with respect to sensitivity to context, coping repertoires, and feedback from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig P. Polizzi
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine
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Gong Z, Wang H, Zhong M, Shao Y. College students' learning stress, psychological resilience and learning burnout: status quo and coping strategies. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:389. [PMID: 37268888 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04783-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships of college students' learning stress, psychological resilience and learning burnout remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the status quo and relationship of college students' learning stress, psychological resilience and learning burnout, to provide insights to the management and nursing care of college students. METHODS From September 1 to October 31, 2022, students in our college were selected by stratified cluster sampling and underwent survey with the learning stress scale, college students' learning burnout scale and the psychological resilience scale of college students. RESULTS A total of 1680 college students were surveyed in this study. The score of learning burnout was positively correlated with the score of learning stress (r = 0.69), and negatively correlated with the score of psychological resilience (r = 0.59), and the score of learning stress was negatively correlated with the score of psychological resilience (r = 0.61). Learning pressure was correlated with the age(r=-0.60) and monthly family income(r=-0.56), the burnout was correlated with the monthly family income(r=-0.61), and psychological resilience was correlated with the age(r = 0.66) (all P < 0.05). Psychological resilience played an intermediary role in the prediction of learning burnout by learning stress, with an total intermediary role of-0.48, accounting for 75.94% of the total effect. CONCLUSIONS Psychological resilience is the mediating variable of the influence of learning stress on learning burnout. College managers should take various effective measures to improve college students' psychological resilience to reduce college students' learning burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Gong
- College of E-commerce, Zhejiang Business College, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huadi Wang
- College of E-commerce, Zhejiang Business College, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingxia Zhong
- College of E-commerce, Zhejiang Business College, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuling Shao
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College,, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China.
- , No. 158 Shangtang road, Gongshu district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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