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Najar-Almanzor CE, Velasco-Iglesias KD, Nunez-Ramos R, Uribe-Velázquez T, Solis-Bañuelos M, Fuentes-Carrasco OJ, Chairez I, García-Cayuela T, Carrillo-Nieves D. Microalgae-assisted green bioremediation of food-processing wastewater: A sustainable approach toward a circular economy concept. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118774. [PMID: 37619389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater disposal is a major environmental issue that pollutes water, causing eutrophication, habitat destruction, and economic impact. In Mexico, food-processing effluents pose a huge environmental threat due to their excessive nutrient content and their large volume discharged every year. Some of the most harmful residues are tequila vinasses, nejayote, and cheese whey. Each liter of tequila generates 13-15 L of vinasses, each kilogram of cheese produces approximately 9 kg of cheese whey, and each kilogram of nixtamalized maize results in the production of 2.5-3.3 L of nejayote. A promising strategy to reduce the contamination derived from wastewater is through microalgae-based wastewater treatment. Microalgae have a high adaptability to hostile environments and they can feed on the nutrients in the effluents to grow. Moreover, to increase the viability, profitability, and value of wastewater treatments, a microalgae biorefinery could be proposed. This review will focus on the circular bioeconomy scheme focused on the simultaneous food-processing wastewater treatment and its use to grow microalgae biomass to produce added-value compounds. This strategy allows for the revalorization of wastewater, decreases contamination of water sources, and produces valuable compounds that promote human health such as phycobiliproteins, carotenoids, omega-3 fatty acids, exopolysaccharides, mycosporine-like amino acids, and as a source of clean energy: biodiesel, biogas, and bioethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar E Najar-Almanzor
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Karla D Velasco-Iglesias
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Regina Nunez-Ramos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Tlalli Uribe-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Minerva Solis-Bañuelos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Oscar J Fuentes-Carrasco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Isaac Chairez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for the Sustainable Manufacturing, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Tomás García-Cayuela
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico
| | - Danay Carrillo-Nieves
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, 45201, Zapopan, Jal., Mexico.
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Akhtar P, Biswas A, Petrova N, Zakar T, van Stokkum IHM, Lambrev PH. Time-resolved fluorescence study of excitation energy transfer in the cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC 7120. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 144:247-259. [PMID: 32076913 PMCID: PMC7203587 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00719-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Excitation energy transfer (EET) and trapping in Anabaena variabilis (PCC 7120) intact cells, isolated phycobilisomes (PBS) and photosystem I (PSI) complexes have been studied by picosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy at room temperature. Global analysis of the time-resolved fluorescence kinetics revealed two lifetimes of spectral equilibration in the isolated PBS, 30-35 ps and 110-130 ps, assigned primarily to energy transfer within the rods and between the rods and the allophycocyanin core, respectively. An additional intrinsic kinetic component with a lifetime of 500-700 ps was found, representing non-radiative decay or energy transfer in the core. Isolated tetrameric PSI complexes exhibited biexponential fluorescence decay kinetics with lifetimes of about 10 ps and 40 ps, representing equilibration between the bulk antenna chlorophylls with low-energy "red" states and trapping of the equilibrated excitations, respectively. The cascade of EET in the PBS and in PSI could be resolved in intact filaments as well. Virtually all energy absorbed by the PBS was transferred to the photosystems on a timescale of 180-190 ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner u. 3, Szeged, 6728, Hungary
| | - Avratanu Biswas
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nia Petrova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad G. Bontchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tomas Zakar
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Ivo H M van Stokkum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
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Searle GF, Wessels JS. Role of beta-carotene in the reaction centres of photosystems I and II of spinach chloroplasts prepared in non-polar solvents. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 504:84-9. [PMID: 30481 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(78)90008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spinach chloroplasts have been prepared nonaqueously using non-polar solvents (n-hexane, CCl4, n-hepatane) and the beta-carotene content extracted in a controlled manner. This procedure is reproducible and does not result in large structural or spectral changes of the chloroplasts. The organisation of the chlorophyll-proteins is unaltered, as fragmentation with digitonin results in the appearance of the same fractions as found previously for aqueously-prepared chloroplasts, including the pink zone containing cytochromes f and b6 in the ratio 1 : 2. The chloroplasts possess both Photosystem I activity (P-700 photo-bleaching, and NADP+ photoreduction) and Photosystem II activity (parabenzoquinone reduction with Mn2+ as electron donor, and chlorophyll fluorescence induction). Use of moderate intensity red illumination has allowed a study of the role of beta-carotene in photochemistry separate from its roles in energy transfer and photoprotection. Removal of the fraction of beta-carotene closely associated with the Photosystem I reaction centre caused the rate of NADP+ photoreduction to fall to a low, but significantly non-zero level. Thus, in the complete absence of beta-carotene, photochemistry can still be observed, however the specific association of beta-carotene with the reaction centre is required for maximal rates. We propose that beta-carotene bound at the reaction centre decreases the rate of transfer of excitation energy away from the reaction centre, and increases the rate of photochemistry. It is possible that this occurs via formation of an exciplex between ground state beta-carotene and chlorophyll in the first excited state.
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Neumann J, Ogawa T, Vernon LP. Increased rate of cyclic photophophorylation in preparations from Anabaena variabilis cells grown in the presence of diphenylamine. FEBS Lett 1970; 10:253-256. [PMID: 11945405 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(70)80641-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell free homogenates and membrane fractions prepared from Anabaena variabilis cells grown in the presence of diphenylamine have markedly higher activities for cyclic phosphorylation than similar preparations from normal cells. The preparations from diphenylamine-grown cells are also more active in system I mediated electron transport from reduced dichloroindophenol to oxygen or methyl viologen. The light intensity required to saturate phenazine methosulphate-supported cyclic phosphorylation, in such preparations, is higher than for preparations for normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Neumann
- Charles F. Kettering Research Laboratory, 45387, Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA
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