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Kopecký V, Ettrich R, Pazderka T, Hofbauerová K, Řeha D, Baumruk V. Influence of ligand binding on structure and thermostability of human α1-acid glycoprotein. J Mol Recognit 2015; 29:70-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Kopecký
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics; Charles University in Prague; Ke Karlovu 5 CZ-12116 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Rüdiger Ettrich
- Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Zámek 136 CZ-37333 Nové Hrady Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences; University of South Bohemia; Zámek 136 CZ-37333 Nové Hrady Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pazderka
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics; Charles University in Prague; Ke Karlovu 5 CZ-12116 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Hofbauerová
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics; Charles University in Prague; Ke Karlovu 5 CZ-12116 Prague 2 Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 CZ-142 20 Prague 4 Czech Republic
| | - David Řeha
- Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Zámek 136 CZ-37333 Nové Hrady Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences; University of South Bohemia; Zámek 136 CZ-37333 Nové Hrady Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Baumruk
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics; Charles University in Prague; Ke Karlovu 5 CZ-12116 Prague 2 Czech Republic
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Guttman M, Weinkam P, Sali A, Lee KK. All-atom ensemble modeling to analyze small-angle x-ray scattering of glycosylated proteins. Structure 2013; 21:321-31. [PMID: 23473666 PMCID: PMC3840220 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The flexible and heterogeneous nature of carbohydrate chains often renders glycoproteins refractory to traditional structure determination methods. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can be a useful tool for obtaining structural information of these systems. All-atom modeling of glycoproteins with flexible glycan chains was applied to interpret the solution SAXS data for a set of glycoproteins. For simpler systems (single glycan, with a well-defined protein structure), all-atom modeling generates models in excellent agreement with the scattering pattern and reveals the approximate spatial occupancy of the glycan chain in solution. For more complex systems (several glycan chains, or unknown protein substructure), the approach can still provide insightful models, though the orientations of glycans become poorly determined. Ab initio shape reconstructions appear to capture the global morphology of glycoproteins but in most cases offer little information about glycan spatial occupancy. The all-atom modeling methodology is available as a web server at http://salilab.org/allosmod-foxs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklos Guttman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Patrick Weinkam
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrej Sali
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kelly K. Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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Zsila F. Chaperone-like activity of the acute-phase component human serum α1-acid glycoprotein: Inhibition of thermal- and chemical-induced aggregation of various proteins. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1205-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.11.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schönfeld DL, Ravelli RBG, Mueller U, Skerra A. The 1.8-A crystal structure of alpha1-acid glycoprotein (Orosomucoid) solved by UV RIP reveals the broad drug-binding activity of this human plasma lipocalin. J Mol Biol 2008; 384:393-405. [PMID: 18823996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 08/31/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) is an important drug-binding protein in human plasma and, as an acute-phase protein, it has a strong influence on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of many pharmaceuticals. We report the crystal structure of the recombinant unglycosylated human AGP at 1.8 A resolution, which was solved using the new method of UV-radiation-damage-induced phasing (UV RIP). AGP reveals a typical lipocalin fold comprising an eight-stranded beta-barrel. Of the four loops that form the entrance to the ligand-binding site, loop 1, which connects beta-strands A and B, is among the longest observed so far and exhibits two full turns of an alpha-helix. Furthermore, it carries one of the five N-linked glycosylation sites, while a second one occurs underneath the tip of loop 2. The branched, partly hydrophobic, and partly acidic cavity, together with the presumably flexible loop 1 and the two sugar side chains at its entrance, explains the diverse ligand spectrum of AGP, which is known to vary with changes in glycosylation pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian L Schönfeld
- Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, An der Saatzucht 5, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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Mallik R, Xuan H, Hage DS. Development of an affinity silica monolith containing alpha1-acid glycoprotein for chiral separations. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1149:294-304. [PMID: 17408678 PMCID: PMC2043356 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2007] [Revised: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 03/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An affinity monolith based on silica and containing immobilized alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) was developed and evaluated in terms of its binding, efficiency and selectivity in chiral separations. The results were compared with data obtained for the same protein when used as a chiral stationary phase with HPLC-grade silica particles or monoliths based on a copolymer of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA). The surface coverage of AGP in the silica monolith was 18% higher than that obtained with silica particles and 61% higher than that measured for a GMA/EDMA monolith. The higher surface area of the silica monolith gave materials that contained 1.5- to 3.6-times more immobilized protein per unit volume when compared to silica particles or a GMA/EDMA monolith. The retention, efficiency and resolving power of the AGP silica monolith were evaluated by injecting two chiral analytes onto this column (i.e., R/S-warfarin and R/S-propranolol). In each case, the AGP silica monolith gave higher retention plus better resolution and efficiency than AGP columns containing silica particles or a GMA/EDMA monolith. The AGP silica monolith also gave lower back pressures and separation impedances than these other materials. It was concluded that silica monoliths can be valuable alternatives to silica particles or GMA/EDMA monoliths when used with AGP as a chiral stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangan Mallik
- Chemistry Department, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304 (USA)
| | - Hai Xuan
- Chemistry Department, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304 (USA)
| | - David S. Hage
- Chemistry Department, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304 (USA)
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McPherson A, Cudney B. Searching for silver bullets: an alternative strategy for crystallizing macromolecules. J Struct Biol 2006; 156:387-406. [PMID: 17101277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2006.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2006] [Revised: 06/12/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Based on a hypothesis that various small molecules might establish stabilizing, intermolecular, non covalent crosslinks in protein crystals and thereby promote lattice formation, we carried out three separate experiments. We assessed the impact of 200 chemicals on the propensity of 81 different proteins and viruses to crystallize. The experiments were comprised of 18240 vapor diffusion trials. A salient feature of the experiments was that, aside from the inclusion of the reagent mixes, only two fundamental crystallization conditions were used, 30% PEG 3350, and 50% Tacsimate at pH 7. Overall, 65 proteins (85%) were crystallized. Most significant was that 35 of the 65 (54%) crystallized only in the presence of one or more reagent mixes, but not in control samples lacking any additives. Among the most promising types of reagent mixes were those composed of polyvalent, charged groups, such as di and tri carboxylic acids, diamino compounds, molecules bearing one or more sulfonyl or phosphate groups, and a broad range of common biochemicals, coenzymes, biological effectors, and ligands. We propose that an alternate approach to crystallizing proteins might be developed, which employs a limited set of fundamental crystallization conditions combined with a broad screen of potentially useful small molecule additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander McPherson
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Room 560 Steinhaus Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-3900, USA.
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Hofbauerová K, Kopecký V, Sýkora J, Karpenko V. Thermal stability of the human blood serum acid alpha(1)-glycoprotein in acidic media. Biophys Chem 2003; 103:25-33. [PMID: 12504252 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4622(02)00231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Thermal stability of human alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein and its desialyzed form were studied in the pH range of 1.5-5.2, i.e. about its pI. Circular dichroism, fluorescence and UV-absorption were used to determine the conformational changes and their reversibility in the temperature range 25-80 degrees C. These changes were tested in a three step process-heating, cooling and a second heating. Principal component analysis was applied for analyzing the spectral sets obtained in these experiments. Fully reversible behavior of Trp residues, as characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy, was observed during the heating process at all pH values. Nevertheless, three different types of the protein motion (reversible, irreversible and rearrangement of the protein core) were determined by UV-absorption spectroscopy. Thus, an environment of Tyr and Phe is modified or reversibly rearranged during the heating process in acid media. These types of alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein behavior were not significantly affected by desialyzation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Hofbauerová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Abstract
For about half a century, the binding of drugs to plasma albumin, the "silent receptor," has been recognized as one of the major determinants of drug action, distribution, and disposition. In the last decade, the binding of drugs, especially but not exclusively basic entities, to another plasma protein, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), has increasingly become important in this regard. The present review points out that hundreds of drugs with diverse structures bind to this glycoprotein. Although plasma concentration of AAG is much lower than that of albumin, AAG can become the major drug binding macromolecule in plasma with significant clinical implications. Also, briefly reviewed are the physiological, pathological, and genetic factors that influence binding, the role of AAG in drug-drug interactions, especially the displacement of drugs and endogenous substances from AAG binding sites, and pharmacokinetic and clinical consequences of such interactions. It can be predicted that in the future, rapid automatic methods to measure binding to albumin and/or AAG will routinely be used in drug development and in clinical practice to predict and/or guide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Israili
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Abstract
Twelve structures of distinct members of the lipocalin protein family have been solved experimentally. These structures have revolutionised our understanding of the properties of the lipocalins. Many more members of the family have been crystallised and now await structure solution. The number of solved lipocalin structures is steadily increasing, and with it increases our knowledge of this enigmatic and challenging protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Flower
- Edward Jenner Institute for Vaccine Research, Compton, Newbury, Berkshire RG20 7NN, UK.
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Predescu D, Predescu S, McQuistan T, Palade GE. Transcytosis of alpha1-acidic glycoprotein in the continuous microvascular endothelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:6175-80. [PMID: 9600937 PMCID: PMC27616 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.11.6175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/1998] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
By using perfusions and bolus administration, coupled with postembedding immunocytochemical procedures, we have identified the structures involved in the transport of derivatized orosomucoid (alpha1-acidic glycoprotein) across the continuous microvascular endothelium of the murine myocardium. Our findings indicate that: (i) monomeric orosomucoid binds to the luminal surface of the endothelium; (ii) it is restricted to caveolae during its transport across the endothelium; (iii) it is detected in the perivascular spaces at early time points (by 1 min) and in larger quantities at later time points (>5 min) from the beginning of its perfusion or its intravascular administration; (iv) no orosomucoid molecules are found in the intercellular junctions or at the abluminal exits of interendothelial spaces; and (v) the vesicular transport of orosomucoid is strongly inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide (>80%). Because, by size and shape, the orosomucoid qualifies as a preferential probe for the postulated small pore system, our results are discussed in relation to the pore theory of capillary permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Predescu
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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The lipocalin model for human orosomucoid: Support from the chromatography of orosomucoid-monoclonal antibody complexes. Chromatographia 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02278765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Koszelak S, McPherson A, Bouillon R, Van Baelen H. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the vitamin D-binding protein from human serum. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1985; 23:1077-8. [PMID: 4094414 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(85)90070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin D-binding protein from human serum has been crystallized from polyethylene glycol as a complex with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and examined by X-ray diffraction photography. The space group of the crystals is C2 with a = 203.0 A, b = 75.8 A, c = 90.9 A and beta = 109.5 degrees. There are two molecules of 56,000 dalton in the asymmetric unit. The crystals diffract to about 3.0 A resolution but the patterns exhibit a substantial level of diffuse scatter.
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