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Takahashi A, Chiba M, Tanahara A, Aida J, Shimizu Y, Suzuki T, Murakami S, Koarai K, Ono T, Oka T, Ikeyama J, Kaneko O, Unno M, Hirose K, Ohno T, Kino Y, Sekine T, Osaka K, Sasaki K, Shinoda H. Radioactivity and radionuclides in deciduous teeth formed before the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10335. [PMID: 33990650 PMCID: PMC8121844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident in March of 2011 released substantial amounts of radionuclides into the environment. We collected 4,957 deciduous teeth formed in children before the Fukushima accident to obtain precise control data for teeth formed after the accident. Radioactivity was measured using imaging plates (IP) and epidemiologically assessed using multivariate regression analysis. Additionally, we measured 90Sr, 137Cs, and natural radionuclides which might be present in teeth. Epidemiological studies of IP showed that the amount of radioactivity in teeth from Fukushima prefecture was similar to that from reference prefectures. We found that artificial radionuclides of 90Sr and 137Cs, which were believed to have originated from past nuclear disasters, and natural radionuclides including 40 K and daughter nuclides in the 238U and 232Th series contributed to the generation of radioactivity in teeth. We also found no evidence to suggest that radionuclides originating from the FNPP accident significantly contaminated pre-existing teeth. This is the first large-scale investigation of radioactivity and radionuclides in teeth. The present findings will be indispensable for future studies of teeth formed after the FNPP accident, which will fall out over the next several years and might be more contaminated with radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Takahashi
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mirei Chiba
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Tanahara
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0129, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yoshinaka Shimizu
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Suzuki
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shinobu Murakami
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuma Koarai
- Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Fukushima, 963-7700, Japan
| | - Takumi Ono
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Oka
- Sector of Nuclear Science Research, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Joji Ikeyama
- The Fukushima Prefecture Dental Association, 6-6 Chugen-cho, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-8105, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- The Fukushima Prefecture Dental Association, 6-6 Chugen-cho, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-8105, Japan
| | - Makoto Unno
- The Fukushima Prefecture Dental Association, 6-6 Chugen-cho, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-8105, Japan
| | - Kimiharu Hirose
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohno
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kino
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sekine
- Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, 41 Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8576, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shinoda
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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Pathak P. An assessment of strontium sorption onto bentonite buffer material in waste repository. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8825-8836. [PMID: 28214936 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, changes occurring in sorption characteristics of a representative bentonite (WIn-BT) exposed to SrCl2 (0.001-0.1 M) under the pH range of 1-13 were investigated. Such interaction revealed a significant variation in surface charge density and binding energy of ions with respect to bentonite, and alteration in their physicochemical properties viz., specific surface area, cation exchange capacity, thermal and mechanical behaviour were observed. The distribution coefficients (k d) calculated for sorption onto virgin (UCBT) and contaminated bentonite (CBT) indicated a greater influence of mineralogical changes occurred with variance of pH and strontium concentration. Notably, the sorption mechanism clearly elucidates the effect of structural negative charge and existence of anionic metal species onto CBT, and depicted the reason behind significant k d values at highly acidic and alkaline pH. The maximum k d of UCBT and CBT(0.001M SrCl2) were 8.99 and 2.92 L/kg, respectively, at the soil pH 8.5; whereas it was 2.37 and 1.23 L/kg at pH 1 for the CBT(0.1M SrCl2) and CBT(0.01M SrCl2), respectively. The findings of this study can be useful to identify the physicochemical parameters of candidate buffer material and sorption reversibility in waste repository.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Pathak
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Marwadi Education Foundation, Gauridad, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360003, India.
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, -400076, India.
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Stamoulis KC, Assimakopoulos PA, Ioannides KG, Johnson E, Soucacos PN. Strontium-90 concentration measurements in human bones and teeth in Greece. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 1999; 229:165-82. [PMID: 10418169 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Strontium-90 concentration was measured in human bones and teeth collected in Greece during the period 1992-1996. One hundred and five bone samples, mainly cancellous bone, and 108 samples, taken from a total of 896 individual teeth were processed. Samples were classified according to the age and sex of the donors. Samples were chemically pre-treated according to a specially devised method to enable extraction of 90Y, at equilibrium with 90Sr in the original sample. Subsequently, 90Y beta activity was measured with a gas proportional counter. Radiostrontium concentration in bone samples showed small variations with respect to age or sex, with an average value of 30 mBq 90Sr/g Ca. However, 90Sr concentration measurements in teeth demonstrated a pronounced structure, which clearly reflects contamination from the 1960s atmospheric nuclear weapons tests and the more recent Chernobyl accident. This difference is attributed to the different histological structure of skeletal bones and teeth, the later consisting mainly of compact bone. An age-dependent model for radiostrontium concentration in human bones and teeth is developed which is able to successfully reproduce the experimental data. Through a fitting process, the model also yielded calcium turnover rates for compact bone, as a function of age, as well as an estimate of radiostrontium contamination of foodstuffs in Greece for the past four decades. The results obtained in this study indicate that radiostrontium environmental contamination which resulted from the atmospheric nuclear weapons tests in the 1960s, exceed by far that caused by the Chernobyl accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Stamoulis
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, Greece
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