Antagonism of the tranylcypromine--meperidine interaction by chlorpromazine in mice

Changes in body temperature after administration of adrenergic and serotonergic agents and related drugs including antidepressants

This survey, the third in a series, presents extensive tabulations of literature, primarily since 1965, on thermoregulatory effects of adrenergic and serotonergic agonists and their antagonists including ergot alkaloids, amphetamines, tryptamines, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic and other antidepressants, a variety of other agents which alter presynaptic aminergic mechanisms including reserpine, 6-hydroxydopamine, p-chlorophenylalanine, alpha-methyltyrosines, cocaine, guanethidine and bretylium. The information listed includes the species used, route of administration and dose of drug, the environmental temperature at which the experiments were performed, the number of tests, the direction and magnitude of body temperature change and remarks on the presence of special conditions, such as age or lesions, or on the influence of other drugs, such as antagonists, on the response to the primary drug.

Changes in body temperature after administration of acetylcholine, histamine, morphine, prostaglandins and related agents

This survey, the second in a series, presents extensive tabulations of literature, primarily since 1965, on thermoregulatory effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists, histamine and H1- and H2-receptor antagonists, narcotic analgesics and antagonists in both non-tolerant and tolerant subjects and of prostaglandins and related agents. The information listed includes the species used, route of administration and dose of drug, the environmental temperature at which the experiments were performed, the number of tests, the direction and magnitude of body temperature change and remarks on the presence of special conditions, such as age or lesions, or on the influence of other drugs, such as antagonists, on the response to the primary drug.

Changes in body temperature after administration of amino acids, peptides, dopamine, neuroleptics and related agents

Drugs may alter body temperature by acting on any component of the thermoregulatory system. These components include heat production, heat conservation and heat loss effectors and their efferent pathways, thermosensors and their afferent pathways and neurons within the central nervous system that coordinate thermoregulatory effector activities. A thermostat is often thought to be involved although thermoregulation can be explained by models that do not incorporate a thermostat. An action on a particular component can be assessed by determining the effect of a drug on body temperature over a range of environmental temperatures and by observation and measurement of associated changes in effector activities. A scheme for such assessment is presented along with examples of its use. The study of drug-induced changes in body temperature has expanded greatly within the past decade. The primary purpose of this review is to provide a readily available source of information on interactions between certain drugs and the thermoregulatory system. Extensive tables are presented of body temperature changes after administration of amino acids, peptides, dopamine and related agents, phenothiazine neuroleptics and also phenothiazines that lack neuroleptic activity, butyrophenones, diphenylbutylpiperidines such as pimozide and miscellaneous neuroleptics. The information tabulated includes the species used, route of administration and dose of drugs, the environmental temperature at which the experiments were performed, the number of tests, the direction and magnitude of body temperature change and remarks on the presence of special conditions, such as age or lesions, or on the influence of other drugs, such as antagonists, on the response to the primary drug. Most of the cited literature was published since 1965.

Attenuating the rate-decreasing effects of phenylpiperidine analgesics by pentobarbital

The ability of pentobarbital, diazepam, and chlorpromazine to attenuate the rate-decreasing effects of a high dose (10 or 30 mg/kg) of meperidine was tested in pigeons responding under a multiple fixed-ratio, fixed-interval schedule of food presentation. Pentobarbital (10 mg/kg) attenuated the meperidine-induced rate decreases, whereas diazepam (0.3--3 mg/kg) or chlorpromazine (3--30 mg/kg) did not reliably attenuate the response rate decreases. The combination of 10 mg/kg of pentobarbital and meperidine resulted in a marked disruption of the pattern of responding in the fixed-interval component of the multiple schedule. Pentobarbital (1, 3, 10, and 17.5 mg/kg) was also tested in combination with rate-decreasing doses of normeperidine (17.5 mg/kg), anileridine (10 mg/kg), alphaprodine (10 mg/kg), and fentanyl (0.3 mg/kg). Pentobarbital reliably attenuated the rate-decreasing effects of normeperidine, anileridine, and alphaprodine, but not the rate decreases induced by fentanyl.

Hyperpyrexic interaction between debrisoquine and pethidine in rabbits

Pethidine injection into rabbits treated with debrisoquine either acutely or chronically resulted in severe interaction and fatal hyperpyrexia. Pretreatment of rabbits with p-chlorophenylalanine, chlorpromazine, or crypoheptadine protected them against the interaction, while alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine was ineffective. In addition the administration of debrisoquine into 5-HTP pretreated rabbits produced a severe interaction and hyperpyrexia. The hepatic N-demethylation of pethidine was significantly inhibited by debrisoquine pretreatment both in vivo and in vitro. The debrisoquine-pethidine interaction could be due to 5-HT potentiation or prevention of uptake. Alternatively it could be due to inhibition of biotransformation of pethidine by debrisoquine. However, neither mechanism by itself alone could be held responsible as the sole explanation of the interaction.