1
|
Diego-García E, Peigneur S, Clynen E, Marien T, Czech L, Schoofs L, Tytgat J. Molecular diversity of the telson and venom components from Pandinus cavimanus
(Scorpionidae
Latreille 1802): Transcriptome, venomics and function. Proteomics 2012; 12:313-28. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
2
|
A 454 sequencing approach for large scale phylogenomic analysis of the common emperor scorpion (Pandinus imperator). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2009; 53:826-34. [PMID: 19695333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 08/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, phylogenetic tree reconstructions that rely on multiple gene alignments that had been deduced from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) have become a popular method in molecular systematics. Here, we present a 454 pyrosequencing approach to infer the transcriptome of the Emperor scorpion Pandinus imperator. We obtained 428,844 high-quality reads (mean length=223+/-50 b) from total cDNA, which were assembled into 8334 contigs (mean length 422+/-313 bp) and 26,147 singletons. About 1200 contigs were successfully annotated by BLAST and orthology search. Specific analyses of eight distinct hemocyanin sequences provided further proof for the quality of the 454 reads and the assembly process. The P. imperator sequences were included in a concatenated alignment of 149 orthologous genes of 67 metazoan taxa that covers 39,842 amino acids. After removal of low-quality regions, 11,168 positions were employed for phylogenetic reconstructions. Using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods, we obtained strongly supported monophyletic Ecdysozoa, Arthropoda (excluding Tardigrada), Euarthropoda, Pancrustacea and Hexapoda. We also recovered the Myriochelata (Chelicerata+Myriapoda). Within the chelicerates, Pycnogonida form the sister group of Euchelicerata. However, Arachnida were found paraphyletic because the Acari (mites and ticks) were recovered as sister group of a clade comprising Xiphosura, Scorpiones and Araneae. In summary, we have shown that 454 pyrosequencing is a cost-effective method that provides sufficient data and coverage depth for gene detection and multigene-based phylogenetic analyses.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ali SA, Abbasi A, Stoeva S, Kayed R, Dolashka-Angelova P, Schwarz H, Voelter W. Oxygen transport proteins: III. Structural studies of the scorpion (Buthus sindicus) hemocyanin, partial primary structure of its subunit Bsin1. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2000; 126:361-76. [PMID: 11007178 DOI: 10.1016/s0305-0491(00)00189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The hemocyanin (Hc) from Buthus sindicus, studied in the native state, demonstrated to be an aggregate of eight different types of subunits arranged in four cubic hexamers. Both, the 'top' and the 'side' views of the native molecule have been identified from the negatively stained specimens using transmission electron microscopy. Out of these, eight different polypeptide chains, the partial primary structure (68%) of a subunit Bsin1 (Mr = 72422.7 Da) was established using a combination of automated Edman degradation and mass spectrometry. A multiple sequence alignment with other closely related cheliceratan Hc subunits revealed average identities of ca. 60%. Most of the structurally important residues, i.e. copper and calcium-binding ligands, as well as the residues involved in the presumed oxygen entrance pathway, proved to be strictly conserved in Bsin1. Sequence variations have been observed around the functionally important chloride-binding site, not only for the B. sindicus subunit Bsin1, but also for the subunit Aaus-6 of the scorpion A. australis and the subunit Ecal-a from the spider Eurypelma californicum Hcs. Deviation in the primary structure related to the chloride-binding site suggest that the effect of chloride ions may vary in different hemocyanins. Furthermore, the secondary structural contents of the Hc subunit Bsin1 were determined by circular dichroism revealing ca. 33% alpha-helix, 18%, beta-sheet, 19% beta-turn, and 30% random coil composition. These values are in good agreement with the crystal structure of the closely related Hc subunit Lpol-II from horseshoe crab L. polyphemus. Electron microscopic studies of the purified Hc subunit under native conditions revealed that Bsin1 has self aggregation properties. Results of these studies are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Ali
- International Centre for Chemical Sciences, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Pakistan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oxygen transport proteins: II. Chemical and spectroscopic properties of scorpion (Buthus sindicus) native hemocyanin and purified subunit Bsin1. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1095-6433(98)10147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
5
|
|
6
|
Ali SA, Zaidi ZH, Abbasi A. Oxygen transport proteins: I. Structure and organization of hemocyanin from scorpion (Buthus sindicus). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART A, PHYSIOLOGY 1995; 112:225-32. [PMID: 7553332 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(95)00058-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Scorpions are regarded as the oldest terrestrial arthropods. Scorpion Buthus sindicus (Buthidae) is commonly found in Pakistan and the Mediterranean region. The hemolymph of most arthropods contains large multisubunit, extracellular metalloprotein commonly known as hemocyanin which performs the important function of oxygen transport. The literature available to date shows that no attempt has been made to study hemocyanins or hemolymph proteins from this species. This communication presents the isolation, characterization and partial structural studies on hemocyanin from scorpion Buthus sindicus. (1) The hemolymph was collected by cardiac puncture, centrifuged and subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focussing. (2) Crude hemolymph was subjected to gel filtration and high performance ion-exchange chromatography. (3) Purified hemocyanin subunits Bsin 1, 2 and 3 have been analysed for their amino acid composition and N-terminal sequence. The sequence homology was determined by comparison with other arthropod hemocyanin. The results are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Ali
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maaroufi H, Lamy JN. The quaternary structure of Scorpio maurus hemocyanin: Comparison with Androctonus australis hemocyanin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(93)90361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
8
|
Markl J, Decker H. Molecular Structure of the Arthropod Hemocyanins. BLOOD AND TISSUE OXYGEN CARRIERS 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-76418-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
9
|
Billiald P, Lamy J, Taveau JC, Motta G, Lamy J. Mapping of six epitopes on haemocyanin subunit Aa 6 by immunoelectron microscopy. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1988; 175:423-31. [PMID: 2456929 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies directed against the haemocyanin of the scorpion Androctonus australis were raised in order to map antigenic determinants (epitopes). The method of mapping employed in this study is molecular immunoelectron microscopy. It consists of a direct electron microscopic observation of antigenic molecules labelled with monoclonal antibodies. The epitopes are then localized in a small region of the external surface of the antigenic molecule whose architecture and quaternary structure are well known. Six monoclonal antibodies have been selected and epitopes have been circumscribed within a small area of one subunit among the 24 subunits composing the whole antigenic molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Billiald
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Fondamentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Tours, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Soeter NM, Jekel PA, Beintema JJ, Volbeda A, Hol WG. Primary and tertiary structures of the first domain of Panulirus interruptus hemocyanin and comparison of arthropod hemocyanins. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1987; 169:323-32. [PMID: 3319611 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The amino acid sequence of the first domain (positions 1-175) of Panulirus interruptus hemocyanin subunit a has been determined. The sequence of residues 1-158 (18-kDa fragment obtained by limited proteolysis) was derived from peptides obtained by digestion of this fragment with CNBr and trypsin and by subdigestion of these peptides with other enzymes. The peptides were sequences automatically or manually. The amino acid sequence has been fitted into the electron-density map at 0.32-nm resolution. The residues of domain 1 are folded into a large, mainly helical, globular part, containing one disulfide bridge, and a smaller part near the molecular twofold axis. The latter part consists of an alpha helix and a beta strand which contains a covalently attached carbohydrate moiety. The sites susceptible to limited proteolytic cleavage of the subunit are discussed. Comparison of the N-terminal sequence with those of other arthropod hemocyanins revealed, besides an N-terminal extension of five residues, the presence of a 21-residue loop (positions 22-42) in the crustacean sequences. This loop contains helix 1.2, a less defined region in the electron-density map. It is absent in chelicerate sequences. Strong evidence is presented that: (a) the structure of the first 21 residues (including helix 1.1) is the same in all arthropod hemocyanins with known amino acid sequence; (b) a stretch containing about 15 residues (including part of helix 1.3) following the 21-residue loop has a different structure in crustaceans and chelicerates; (c) the rest of domain 1 has the same structure again. It is shown that all conserved residues are in the contact region with the other two domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N M Soeter
- Biomolecular Study Centre (BIOS), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Voit R, Schneider HJ. Tarantula hemocyanin mRNA. In vitro translation, cDNA cloning and nucleotide sequence corresponding to subunit e. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1986; 159:23-9. [PMID: 3017715 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1986.tb09828.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Following induction of hemopoiesis, poly(A)-rich RNA was prepared from the heart of the tarantula, Eurypelma californicum, and translated in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. In vitro translation products were immunoprecipitated with antiserum against whole dissociated Eurypelma hemocyanin. Analysis of the immunoprecipitate by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a set of polypeptides comigrating with authentic Eurypelma hemocyanin. The mRNA was transcribed into cDNA, clones were constructed using the pUC9 vector and probed with a synthetic 17-mer oligonucleotide probe complementary to the amino acid sequence of the 'copper A' binding site of chelicerate hemocyanins. One clone, pHC4, contained a 1.62-kb cDNA insert, which was subcloned into phage M13. Sequence analysis by the dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method yielded a nucleotide sequence coding for 526 amino acids of Eurypelma hemocyanin subunit e.
Collapse
|
12
|
3.2 Å structure of the copper-containing, oxygen-carrying protein Panulirus interruptus haemocyanin. Nature 1984. [DOI: 10.1038/309023a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
13
|
Alliel PM, Dautigny A, Lamy J, Lamy JN, Jollès P. Cell-free synthesis of hemocyanin from the scorpion Androctonus australis. Characterization of the translation products by monospecific antisera. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1983; 134:407-14. [PMID: 6192990 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Translation of Androctonus australis poly(A)-RNA in vitro led to a number of polypeptides products (8-10) of 70-73 kDa analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified by immunoprecipitation with an anti-(dissociated hemocyanin) antiserum. The translated hemocyanin polypeptides have the same physico-chemical characteristics as authentic hemocyanin subunits. Subunits Aa 2 and Aa 4 have been identified with monospecific antisera characterized (a) by their capability of reacting with their homologous subunit and (b) by their inability of binding to cross-reacting subunits. Each polypeptide chain is coded by a different messenger without significant post-translational events. Hemocyanin could be detected among the translation products of the poly(A)-RNA isolated from the cuticle under the carapace.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lamy J, Compin S, Lamy JN. Immunological correlates between multiple isolated subunits of Androctonus australis and Limulus polyphemus hemocyanins: an evolutionary approach. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983; 223:584-603. [PMID: 6190440 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(83)90623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Immunological cross-reactivities between isolated subunits of the scorpion Androctonus australis (Aa) and of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus (Lp) hemocyanins were studied using subunit-specific antibodies prepared through immunoadsorption to pure immobilized subunits. Rocket immunoelectrophoreses of the various subunits of both hemocyanins were carried out at constant antigen concentration against the various subunit-specific antibody preparations. Then the data were analyzed through factorial correspondence analysis and compared to the respective intramolecular locations of the subunits in both hemocyanins. The results show that the dimeric subunits located in the central part of each (4 X 6)meric structure (Aa whole molecule and Lp half molecule) were strongly preserved. In addition, the (8 X 6)mer-forming subunit of Lp hemocyanin (LpIV) and the subunit occupying the same intramolecular position in Aa hemocyanin (Aa5A) were also strongly preserved. Besides the strong antigenic relatedness, less pronounced crossed immunoprecipitations or no precipitation at all were observed between subunits with homologous positions suggesting a minor structural and/or functional roles for these subunits. All the antigen-antibody combinations leading to an absence of immunoprecipitation were screened for the presence of soluble immunocomplexes by radioimmunological tests. In all cases, soluble immunocomplexes were observed. These results suggest the following evolution scenario. First, the central dimeric subunits, responsible of the dodecamer aggregation (Aa3C and 5B and LpV and VI) were already differentiated when Merostomata diverged from Arachnida. Second, the differentiation of the (8 X 6)mer-forming subunit occurred in the Merostomata ramification in a preserved subunit already possessing a functional advantage. Third, the differentiation of subunits Aa3A and Aa3B recently occurred in the scorpion ramification.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ellerton HD, Ellerton NF, Robinson HA. Hemocyanin--a current perspective. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1983; 41:143-248. [PMID: 6348872 DOI: 10.1016/0079-6107(83)90028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
16
|
Sizaret PY, Frank J, Lamy J, Weill J, Lamy JN. A refined quaternary structure of Androctonus australis Hemocyanin. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1982; 127:501-6. [PMID: 7173191 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb06899.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The quaternary structure of the (4 X 6)-mer hemocyanin from the Scorpion Androctonus australis previously published [Lamy, J., Bijlholt, M. M. C., Sizaret, P.-Y., Lamy, J., and van Bruggen, E. F. J. (1981) Biochemistry, 20, 1849-1856] has been refined. The relative positions in the half molecule of subunits Aa 3A and Aa 3B compared to those of Aa 3C and Aa 5B have been established by double labeling of the (2 X 6)-mer with binary mixtures of subunit-specific Fab fragments. The results show that subunits Aa 3B and Aa 5B are located in the same hexamer while Aa 3A and Aa 3C are in the other half of the (2 X 6)-mer. The choice of the enantiomer was deduced from a careful examination of electron micrographs of the native molecule. Finally a position was assigned to each of the 24 subunits on the flip and flop faces as defined by Van Heel and Frank [Ultramicroscopy, 6, 187-194 (1981)].
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
About ten years ago, one of the authors participated in a review of haemocyanin structure and function (van Holde & van Bruggen, 1971). At that time, it was possible to describe the field in terms of a limited amount of exciting new structural information, and a long list of unanswered questions. While the stoichiometry of oxygen binding was understood, virtually nothing was known about the active site. Even the oxidation state of the copper was a matter of conjecture. The size of the haemocyanin polypeptide chains was the subject of intense debate, with very little substantive knowledge available. While the haemocyanins were known to be allosteric proteins, there were virtually no experimental studies of oxygen binding on a level that could be meaningfully interpreted in terms of extant theories.
Collapse
|
18
|
Nemoto T, Takagi T. The amino acid sequence of the amino-terminal cyanogen bromide fragment of Tachypleus tridentatus hemocyanin alpha chain. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1981; 670:79-83. [PMID: 7272331 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(81)90051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The complete amino acid sequence of 87 residues has been determined for the N-terminal CNBr fragment of Tachypleus tridentatus hemocyanin alpha chain. It is rich in histidine and contains one free cysteine. The N-terminal sequence of 20 residues shows homologies with other arthropod hemocyanins.
Collapse
|
19
|
Lamy J, Bijlholt MC, Sizaret PY, Lamy J, van Bruggen EF. Quaternary structure of scorpion (Androctonus australis) hemocyanin. Localization of subunits with immunological methods and electron microscopy. Biochemistry 1981; 20:1849-56. [PMID: 7225360 DOI: 10.1021/bi00510a021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Lamy J, Lamy J, Leclerc M, Sizaret PY, Weill J. Intramolecular location of the subunits of Androctonus australis hemocyanin. FEBS Lett 1980; 112:45-7. [PMID: 7371844 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)80123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|