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Navolotskaya EV, Sadovnikov VB, Zinchenko DV, Vladimirov VI, Zolotarev YA, Lipkin VM, Murashev AN. Effect of the B Subunit of the Cholera Toxin on the Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophage-Like Cell Line. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Navolotskaya EV, Sadovnikov VB, Zinchenko DV, Vladimirov VI, Zolotarev YA. Interaction of Cholera Toxin B Subunit with Rat Intestinal Epithelial Cells. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162018030123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Navolotskaya EV, Sadovnikov VB, Lipkin VM, Zav'yalov VP. Binding of cholera toxin B subunit to intestinal epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 47:269-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Navolotskaya EV, Sadovnikov VB, Zinchenko DV, Vladimirov VI, Zolotarev YA. α1-Thymosin, α2-interferon, and the LKEKK syntetic peptide inhibit the binding of the B subunit of the cholera toxin to intestinal epithelial cell membranes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162017060115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Navolotskaya EV, Sadovnikov VB, Zinchenko DV, Zolotarev YA, Lipkin VM, Zav'yalov VP. Interaction of Cholera Toxin B-subunit with Human T-lymphocytes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 82:1036-1041. [PMID: 28988532 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917090061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, 125I-labeled cholera toxin B-subunit (CT-B) (specific activity 98 Ci/mmol) was prepared, and its high-affinity binding to human blood T-lymphocytes (Kd = 3.3 nM) was determined. The binding of the 125I-labeled CT-B was inhibited by unlabeled interferon-α2 (IFN-α2), thymosin-α1 (TM-α1), and by the synthetic peptide LKEKK, which corresponds to sequences 16-20 of human TM-α1 and 131-135 of IFN-α2 (Ki 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 nM, respectively), but was not inhibited by the unlabeled synthetic peptide KKEKL with inverted sequence (Ki > 1 µM). In the concentration range of 10-1000 nM, both CT-B and peptide LKEKK dose-dependently increased the activity of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) but did not affect the activity of membrane-bound guanylate cyclase. The KKEKL peptide tested in parallel did not affect sGC activity. Thus, the CT-B and peptide LKEKK binding to a common receptor on the surface of T-lymphocytes leads to an increase in sGC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Navolotskaya
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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Interaction of cholera toxin B subunit with T and B lymphocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 50:279-282. [PMID: 28719851 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared 125I-labeled cholera toxin B subunit (125I-labeled CT-B, a specific activity of 98Ci/mmol) and found that its binding to T and B lymphocytes from the blood of healthy donors was high-affinity (Kd 2.8 and 3.0nM, respectively). The binding of labeled protein was completely inhibited by unlabeled thymosin-α1 (TM-α1), interferon-α2 (IFN-α2), and the synthetic peptide LKEKK that corresponds to residues 16-20 in TM-α1 and 131-135 in IFN-α2, but was not inhibited by the synthetic peptide KKEKL with inverted amino acid sequence (Ki>10μM). Thus, TM-α1, IFN-α2, and the peptide: LKEKK bind with high affinity and specificity to CT-B receptor on donor blood T and B lymphocytes. It was found that CT-B and the peptide: LKEKK at concentrations of 10-1000nM increased in a dose-dependent manner the soluble guanylate cyclase activity in T and B lymphocytes.
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Navolotskaya EV, Zinchenko DV, Zolotarev YA, Kolobov AA, Lipkin VM. Binding of Synthetic LKEKK Peptide to Human T-Lymphocytes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 81:871-5. [PMID: 27677554 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916080071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic peptide LKEKK corresponding to sequence 16-20 of human thymosin-α1 and 131-135 of human interferon-α2 was labeled with tritium to specific activity 28 Ci/mol. The [3H]LKEKK bound with high affinity (Kd = 3.7 ± 0.3 nM) to donor blood T-lymphocytes. Treatment of cells with trypsin or proteinase K did not abolish [3H]LKEKK binding, suggesting the non-protein nature of the peptide receptor. The binding was inhibited by thymosin-α1, interferon-α2, and cholera toxin B subunit (Ki = 2.0 ± 0.3, 2.2 ± 0.2, and 3.6 ± 0.3 nM, respectively). Using [3H]LKEKK, we demonstrated the existence of a non-protein receptor common for thymosin-α1, interferon-α2, and cholera toxin B-subunit on donor blood T-lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Navolotskaya
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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Navolotskaya EV, Sadovnikov VB, Zinchenko DV, Vladimirov VI, Zolotarev YA, Kolobov AA. The LKEKK synthetic peptide as a ligand of rat intestinal epithelial cell membranes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162016050137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Goldstein AL, Goldstein AL. From lab to bedside: emerging clinical applications of thymosin α1. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2009; 9:593-608. [DOI: 10.1517/14712590902911412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan L Goldstein
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 2300 I St., N.W., Room 438, Washington, DC, USA ;
| | - Adam L Goldstein
- Medical School for International Health at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
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Hormone activity of a synthetic decapeptide with the adrenocorticotropin-like sequence of human immunoglobulin G1. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02758858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Viscomi GC. Structure-activity of type I interferons. BIOTHERAPY (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 1997; 10:59-86. [PMID: 9261551 DOI: 10.1007/bf02678218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Type I IFNs constitute a family of proteins exhibiting high homology in primary, secondary, and tertiary structures. They interact with the same receptor and transmit signals to cellular nucleus through a similar mechanism, eliciting roughly homogeneous biological activity. Nevertheless, the members of that family, IFN alpha species, IFN beta and IFN omega, due to local differences in the structure sometime show distinct properties. From the reported data it results that even minute changes or differences in the primary sequences could be responsible for a significant variety of biological actions, thus inducing to the hypothesis that Type I IFNs, rather than to be the result of a redundant replication during the evolution play definite roles in the defense of living organisms to foreign agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Viscomi
- Dept. of Biotechnology and Immunology, Alfa Wassermann, Bologna, Italy
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Dolgikh DA, Gabrielian AE, Uversky VN, Kirpichnikov MP. Protein engineering of de novo protein with predesigned structure and activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1996; 61:85-96. [PMID: 9100347 DOI: 10.1007/bf02785691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The de novo protein albebetin has been engineered (J. Mol. Biol. 1992, 225, 927-931) to form a predesigned tertiary fold that has not yet been observed in natural proteins. Analysis of albebetin expressed in a cell-free system and in Escherichia coli revealed its compactness, relative stability, and the secondary structure close to the predesigned one. The blast-transforming biological activity of human interferon was grafted to albebetin by attachment of an eight amino acid interferon fragment to the N-terminus of albebetin next to its first methionine residue. The chimeric protein was expressed in a wheat germ cell-free translation system and tested for its structural properties, receptor binding, and biological activity. According to the tests, albebetin incorporating the active interferon fragment has a compact and relatively stable structure, and binds the murine thymocyte receptor effectively. It activates the blast transformation reaction of thymocyte cells even more efficiently than human interferon at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Dolgikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Cordero OJ, Sarandeses CS, Nogueira M. Binding of 125I-prothymosin alpha to lymphoblasts through the non-thymosin alpha 1 sequence. Life Sci 1996; 58:1757-70. [PMID: 8637400 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(96)00157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The important immunological activities of Thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1), a peptide derived from the thymus, led to its use in combination therapies in cancer patients. Prothymosin alpha (ProT alpha) is a highly acidic polypeptide, first isolated as the putative precursor of T alpha 1. However ProT alpha is now known to be more immunoreactive than T alpha 1 in certain in vivo and in vitro assays. Recent results indicate that ProT alpha may be useful to design future therapeutic interventions in cancer patients if the mechanisms underlying these effects are puzzled out. With this in mind, we radiolabeled ProT alpha to obtain a high specific activity and a high biological activity for 125I-ProT alpha. Moreover, we also obtained autoantibodies exhibiting high titers and an unique specificity for anti-ProT alpha and anti-T alpha 1. With both tools we studied the presence of binding sites for ProT alpha on the surface of lymphoblast cells. We conclude that ProT alpha binds through the non-T alpha 1 sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- O J Cordero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
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Abstract
Prothymosin alpha is an acidic nuclear protein that is expressed at high levels in a wide variety of cell types. Accumulating data correlate prothymosin expression with alterations in the proliferative state of cells. Some data indicates that prothymosin may actually be necessary, if not sufficient, for proliferation, and that prothymosin may function in a c-myc associated pathway. Prothymosin is highly conserved through evolution suggesting a key function, however, that function remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Smith
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA
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Kontsek P, Borecký L, Kontseková E, Kolcunová A, Novák M, Zav'yalov VP, Maiorov VA. Immunodominant structures in the aminoterminal portion of human interferon alpha 1. Mol Immunol 1992; 29:863-70. [PMID: 1378930 DOI: 10.1016/0161-5890(92)90124-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of the antigenic structure of human interferon (IFN)-alpha 1 with a panel of monoclonal antibodies revealed four immunodominant regions. Three of them, recognized by 12 of 14 antibodies were mapped into the aminoterminal portion of IFN-alpha 1 around residues 31-38, 43-53 and 63-85. The region 31-85 proved important also for the antiviral and antiproliferative activity of the IFN-alpha 1 molecule. The antibody recognizing the sequence around residues (54)63-67 also inhibited the cellular binding of IFN-alpha 1 to the high-affinity receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kontsek
- Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava
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Danilkovich AV, Freze KV, Shevalier AF, Samukov VV, Kirkin AF, Gusev MV. Synthetic peptide with antiproliferative activity: a short C-terminal fragment of the human interferon alpha-2 molecule. Immunol Lett 1992; 31:15-9. [PMID: 1548030 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2478(92)90004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The biological activity of six synthetic peptides of the 124-144 region of the human interferon alpha-2 (IFN alpha-2) molecule was studied. Peptides were examined for their ability to inhibit mitogen induced proliferation of human blood cells in vitro. Only the peptide corresponding to the amino acid sequence 124-138 (2438) possessed IFN-like antiproliferative activity. Other tested synthetic peptides did not affect cell proliferation in this experimental system. As with the native IFN alpha-2 molecule, the inhibitory effect of the peptide 2438 was dose-dependent. On simultaneous addition of peptide 2438, antiproliferative activity of IFN alpha-2 was enhanced. Direct cytotoxic effects of synthetic peptide 2438 were not revealed. These results suggest that a synthetic peptide corresponding to the 124-138-amino acid sequence of the human IFN alpha-2 molecule serves as a cytostatic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Danilkovich
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, U.S.S.R
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Danilkovitch AV, Kharitonenkov AI, Freze KV, Shevalier AF, Kolosova OV, Bulargina TV, Kirkin AF, Gusev MV. Interaction of a synthetic peptide of the interferon alpha-2 C-terminal part with human blood leukocytes. Binding to peripheral blood mononuclear cells. FEBS Lett 1991; 295:70-2. [PMID: 1765172 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(91)81387-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A biologically active synthetic peptide, 2438, representing the 124-138 amino acid sequence of the human interferon alpha-2 (IFN alpha-2) molecule, which is known to possess IFN-like antiproliferative activity, specifically binds to human blood leukocytes. Scatchard plots reveal two different Kd values, for the 'low' and 'high' affinity binding. The interaction of the 125I-labelled peptide 2438 with the cells is not impaired by human IFN alpha-2 or cholera toxin.
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