High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of betamethasone and dexamethasone

UV spectrophotometric method for simultaneous estimation of betamethasone valerate and tazarotene with absorption factor method: Application for in-vitro and ex-vivo characterization of lipidic nanocarriers for topical delivery

The present study elucidates the development of an accurate, precise and simple simultaneous estimation method for the routine analysis of Betamethasone Valerate (BV) and Tazarotene (TZ). This combination is widely used in the treatment of psoriasis. No method has been reported so far for the simultaneous estimation of BV and TZ in topical dosage forms. The method proposed by this study for the quantification of BV and TZ is the Absorption factor method. The developed method was validated as per the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guideline. The validated method was found to be linear in a concentration range of 10-38 μg/mL and 4-14 μg/mL for BV and TZ respectively with a regression coefficient >0.990. The method was validated for accuracy and precision which revealed the recovery of >99.80% with RSD <2.0. The method was found to be precise with RSD <2% for inter and intraday. The developed method was employed for quantification of BV and TZ in lipid based nanocarriers formulation and their in-vitro drug release samples. Further, the developed method was successfully applied for the estimation of BV and TZ in the ex-vivo skin matrix. This showed that the method can sensitively determine the drugs in aqueous and biological samples.

Recent Advances in the Analysis of Steroid Hormones and Related Drugs

The development during the last 15 years and the state-of-the-art in the analysis of bulk steroid hormone drugs and hormone-like structures and pharmaceutical formulations made thereof are summarized. Other steroids (sterols, bile acids, cardiac glycosides, vitamins D) as well as biological-clinical aspects and pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies are excluded from this review. The state-of-the-art is summarized based on comparisons of monographs in the latest editions of the European Pharmacopoeia, United States Pharmacopoeia and the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. This is followed by sections dealing with new developments in the methodology for the fields of spectroscopic and spectrophotometric, chromatographic, electrophoretic and hyphenated techniques as well electroanalytical methods. The review is terminated by two problem-oriented sections: examples on impurity and degradation profiling as well as enantiomeric analysis.

Chemometrics assisted spectroscopic determination of vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and dexamethasone in injectables

A spectrophotometric method is described and applied to resolve ternary mixtures of the corticosteroid dexamethasone sodium phosphate and the vitamins B6 and B12. It involves multivariate calibration based on partial least-squares regression. The model was built with UV-vis absorption spectra, and was evaluated by cross-validation on a number of synthetic mixtures. Satisfactory results for both artificial and commercial samples were obtained. A spectrofluorometric method was also developed for the determination of B6 in the presence of vitamin B12 and dexamethasone. The results provided by both methods for pharmaceutical formulations were compared successfully. None of the described procedures require sample pre-treatment steps.

Determination of betamethasone disodium phosphate in the in vitro media of PLGA microspheres by high-performance liquid chromatography

Betamethasone disodium phosphate is a kind of corticosteroid, which is commonly used in the intralesional treatment of keloids. In this work, polymeric microspheres loaded with betamethasone disodium phosphate were fabricated to design a sustained-release system. A validated HPLC technique for determination of betamethasone disodium phosphate in in vitro media of the polymeric microspheres has been developed. The operation conditions were optimized. The analytical column was ZORBAX Bonus-RP column with 4.6 x 150 mm ID and a particle size of 5 microm. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.01% phosphoric acid water solution (40:60, v/v). The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and injection volume was 50 microl. The elutes were detected at 240 nm. Linearity, repeatability, inter- and intra-assay precision and accuracy of the method were evaluated. The liner range was obtained in a concentrated range of 20-1000 microg/ml, with a coefficient of correlation r=0.999978. The limit of detection for betamethasone disodium phosphate in the in vitro test samples was 0.25 microg. Recovery of betamethasone disodium phosphate from the in vitro test samples was 99.7+/-5.2% (mean+/-SD). Stability of betamethasone disodium phosphate at different pH values and temperatures were also investigated.

Differentiation between dexamethasone and betamethasone in a mixture using multiple mass spectrometry

The objective of this study was to provide LC and GC-multiple mass spectrometry (MSn) data in positive and negative ion modes to prove the distinction between dexamethasone and betamethasone in a mixture of both components. Using GC-MS, the differentiation was based on a difference in the ratio of the ion traces of the two chromatographic peaks of the alpha and beta epimer with m/z 310 and 330. A minimum of 15% dexamethasone should be present in a mixture of both to detect it as present with a probability of 95%. In the same way betamethasone can be detected from 15% on. Because of the very similar structures of the dexamethasone and betamethasone epimers, no reversed-phase (RP) separations have been reported. Normal-phase separations have been reported in other studies. However because of the compatibility of RP mobile phases in the coupling with MS, the latter was the method of choice. In LC-MSn positive ion mode the product ion 355 was plotted against the sum of 337 and 319. With this combination dexamethasone and betamethasone could be discriminated in a mixture of 20 to 80% of each combination of analytes. In negative ion mode only two product ions were formed from the fragmentation of the acetate adduct, [M-H]- and [M-H-CH2O]-. The intensity of the fragment 391 ([M-H]-) was determined in the discrimination of the two epimers.

Determination of cyanocobalamin, betamethasone, and diclofenac sodium in pharmaceutical formulations, by high performance liquid chromatography

The aim of this work was to develop an analytical method for a simultaneous determination of cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12), betamethasone, and diclofenac, present in pharmaceutical formulations, by high performance liquid chromatography, assuring rapidity, accuracy, precision, and selectivity. The working conditions were as follows: RP18 column of 125 mm x 4 mm ID and a particle size of 5 microm; mobile phase acetonitrile-water (40:60; v/v) (pH* 3.45) adjusted with acetic acidl flow gradient from 0.8 to 1.9 ml/min.; injection volume of 20 microl; temperature 34 degrees C and detection at 240 nm. The method was adequately validated, and linearity, accuracy, as well as the system, method and interday precision, for each active principle, were determined.