1
|
Nikoumanesh E, Jouaneh CJM, Poling-Skutvik R. Elucidating the role of physicochemical interactions on gel rheology. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:7094-7102. [PMID: 38973240 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00516c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Soft materials are characterized by their intricate interplay of structure, dynamics, and rheological properties. This complexity makes it challenging to accurately predict their response to shear stress. Here, we investigate how the nature of bonds - electrostatic attractions, physical entanglements, physical repulsion, and covalent bonds - affects the linear and nonlinear rheology of gels. Specifically, we determine the critical roles these bonds play in the yield transition and thixotropic recovery of gel properties through a combination of linear oscillatory deformations, serial creep divergence measurements, and time-resolved flow sweeps. Different classes of gels are prepared with nearly identical linear rheology but significantly different yield transitions and nonlinear properties post-yielding. These differences are directly related to the kinetics by which the underlying elastic networks rebuild after flow. Gels which exhibit thixotropic hysteresis are able to fully recover their yield stress over time while non-thixotropic gels possess time-independent yielding metrics. This direct comparison between thixotropy and yielding reveals the intimate relationship between these phenomena and their controlling physical mechanisms within soft, amorphous materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Nikoumanesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | | | - Ryan Poling-Skutvik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yamamoto Y, Yamagata Y, Sato T, Nakamura K, Sato R, Naito M, Chung UI, Katashima T. Elucidating Nonlinear Stress Relaxation in Transient Networks through Two-Dimensional Rheo-Optics. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:1171-1178. [PMID: 39166800 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the origin of nonlinear stress relaxation behaviors in transient networks using a systematically controlled model system consisting of the tetra-armed polyethylene glycols (Tetra-PEG slime) in conjunction with two-dimensional rheo-optics observations. Transient networks, characterized by their temporary cross-links, are extensively utilized in self-healing and robust materials. However, the molecular mechanisms governing their viscoelastic responses to large deformations have remained elusive. This is primarily due to the heterogeneous structures inherent in conventional transient networks and a scarcity of detailed experimental evaluations. By employing Tetra-PEG slime, which is distinguished by its regular structure with uniform strand lengths and functionalities, and the polarization imaging method, we overcome these obstacles. Our results reveal that the damping phenomena observed under large step strains arise from spatially heterogeneous relaxation, predominantly driven by network strand pullout. These insights lay a solid foundation for understanding the intricate rheological properties of transient networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yamamoto
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Yamagata
- Anton Paar Japan K. K, Riverside Sumida first Fl, 1-19-9, Tsutsumi-dori, Sumida-ku, Tokyo 131-0034, Japan
| | - Taisuke Sato
- Photonic Lattice Inc., Labo City Sendai, 6-6-3 minami-Yoshinari, Aoba-ku, Sendai-city, Miyagi 989-3204, Japan
| | - Koshiro Nakamura
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ren Sato
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Naito
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ung-Il Chung
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takuya Katashima
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Virág ÁD, Tóth C, Molnár K. Photodegradation of polylactic acid: Characterisation of glassy and melt behaviour as a function of molecular weight. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126336. [PMID: 37586636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, UV-C germicidal lamps became widely available, even for household applications. However, their long-term degradation effects on the mechanical and rheological properties of polylactic acid (PLA) are still not well established. The relationship between degradation and its effects on the molecular structure and macroscale properties are hardly known. In this study, we investigated the effects of long-term exposure to UV-C irradiation on the properties of PLA and interpreted the results at the molecular scale. We performed gel permeation chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy to analyse changes in chemical structure induced by the UV-irradiation. Then, we carried out thermal, rheological and tensile tests to investigate mechanical and melting properties, and we investigated the applicability of these test results to estimate molecular weight loss. We have created a 3D irradiation map that can facilitate the design of disinfection devices. Based on our results, we propose a maximum number of sterilisation cycles (13 cycles) for the tested PLA films that do not result in significant changes in tensile strength and modulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ábris Dávid Virág
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3. H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Csenge Tóth
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3. H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kolos Molnár
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3. H-1111 Budapest, Hungary; ELKH-BME Research Group for Composite Science and Technology, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cerpentier RR, van Vliet T, Pastukhov LV, van Drongelen M, Boerakker MJ, Tervoort TA, Govaert LE. Fatigue-Crack Propagation of High-Density Polyethylene Homopolymers: Influence of Molecular Weight Distribution and Temperature. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin R.J. Cerpentier
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tim van Vliet
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Leonid V. Pastukhov
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martin van Drongelen
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, P.O.Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J. Boerakker
- SABIC, Technology Centre Geleen, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo A. Tervoort
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, HCI H513 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Leon E. Govaert
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, P.O.Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang S, Koizumi M, Cao Z, Mao KS, Qian Z, Galuska LA, Jin L, Gu X. Directly Probing the Fracture Behavior of Ultrathin Polymeric Films. ACS POLYMERS AU 2021; 1:16-29. [PMID: 36855554 PMCID: PMC9954313 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Understanding fracture mechanics of ultrathin polymeric films is crucial for modern technologies, including semiconductor and coating industries. However, up to now, the fracture behavior of sub-100 nm polymeric thin films is rarely explored due to challenges in handling samples and limited testing methods available. In this work, we report a new testing methodology that can not only visualize the evolution of the local stress distribution through wrinkling patterns and crack propagation during the deformation of ultrathin films but also directly measure their fracture energies. Using ultrathin polystyrene films as a model system, we both experimentally and computationally investigate the effect of the film thickness and molecular weight on their fracture behavior, both of which show a ductile-to-brittle transition. Furthermore, we demonstrate the broad applicability of this testing method in semicrystalline semiconducting polymers. We anticipate our methodology described here could provide new ways of studying the fracture behavior of ultrathin films under confinement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials
and Device, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Masato Koizumi
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Cao
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials
and Device, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Keyou S. Mao
- Materials
Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Qian
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials
and Device, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Luke A. Galuska
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials
and Device, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Lihua Jin
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States,
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials
and Device, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jacobo-Martín A, Hernández JJ, Pedraz P, Solano E, Navarro-Baena I, Rodríguez I. Improved thermal stability of antireflective moth-eye topography imprinted on PMMA/TiO 2surface nanocomposites. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:335302. [PMID: 33951617 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abfe26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The thermal stability of antireflective moth-eye topographical features fabricated by nanoimprint lithography on poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) incorporating TiO2nanoparticles is explored. The effect of nanoparticle load on the relaxation dynamics of the moth-eye nanostructure is evaluated via grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering measurements byin situmonitoring the structural decay of the nanopatterns upon thermal annealing. It is demonstrated that the incorporation of TiO2nanoparticles to the imprinted surface nanocomposite films delays greatly the pattern relaxation which, in turn, enhances the stability of the patterned topography even at temperatures well above the polymer glass transition (Tg). The improved thermal behavior of the antireflective films will significantly enhance their functionality and performance in light-trapping applications where temperatures typically rise, such as solar devices or solar glass panels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Jacobo-Martín
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanoscience), C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime J Hernández
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanoscience), C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Pedraz
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanoscience), C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Solano
- ALBA Synchrotron, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iván Navarro-Baena
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanoscience), C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodríguez
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanoscience), C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jo KI, Oh Y, Kim TH, Bang J, Yuan G, Satija SK, Sung BJ, Koo J. Position-Dependent Diffusion Dynamics of Entangled Polymer Melts Nanoconfined by Parallel Immiscible Polymer Films. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1483-1488. [PMID: 35653667 PMCID: PMC10483881 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The morphological structure and dynamics of confined polymers adjacent to the polymer-polymer interface have a profound effect on determining the overall physical properties of polymer blends. We measured the diffusion dynamics of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) melts confined between polystyrene (PS) layers using neutron reflectivity. Combinations of various thicknesses of PMMA and deuterated PMMA (dPMMA) allowed us to experimentally reveal the nonmonotonic behavior of polymer mobility near the PS-PMMA interface. From the neutron reflectivity results, we found that the polymers adjacent to the immiscible polymer-polymer interface showed enhanced diffusion dynamics because of the repulsive interaction between PS and PMMA, whereas the polymer at local regions farther from the interface exhibited reduced dynamics. This is probably due to the nonspherical conformation of PMMA and spatial confinement near the PS-PMMA interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Il Jo
- Neutron Science Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon 34057, Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Younghoon Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Kim
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Joona Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Guangcui Yuan
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Sushil K. Satija
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Bong June Sung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Jaseung Koo
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu C, Feng S, Zhu Z, Chen Q, Noh K, Kotaki M, Sue HJ. Manipulation of Fracture Behavior of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Nanocomposites by Interfacial Design of a Metal-Organic-Framework Nanoparticle Toughener. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11938-11947. [PMID: 32940475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial region between nanoparticles and polymer matrix plays a critical role in influencing the mechanical behavior of polymer nanocomposites. In this work, a set of model systems based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix containing poly(alkyl glycidyl ether) brushes grafted on 50 nm metal-organic-framework (MOF) nanoparticles were synthesized and investigated. By systematically increasing the polymer brush length and graft density on the MOF nanoparticles, the fracture behavior of PMMA/MOF nanocomposite changes from forming only a few large crazes to generating massive crazing and to undergoing shear banding, which results in significant improvement in fracture toughness. The implication of the present finding for the interfacial design of the nanoparticles for the development of high-performance, multifunctional polymer nanocomposites is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Polymer Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Sinan Feng
- Polymer Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Zewen Zhu
- Polymer Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Qihui Chen
- Polymer Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Kwanghae Noh
- Polymer Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Masaya Kotaki
- Kaneka US Materials Research Center, Fremont, California 94555, United States
| | - Hung-Jue Sue
- Polymer Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Clarijs CCWJ, Leo V, Kanters MJW, van Breemen LCA, Govaert LE. Predicting embrittlement of polymer glasses using a hydrostatic stress criterion. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Coen C. W. J. Clarijs
- Polymer Technology; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Vito Leo
- Solvay Specialty Polymers; Rue de Ransbeek 310, 1120, Brussels Belgium
| | - Marc J. W. Kanters
- Polymer Technology; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Lambert C. A. van Breemen
- Polymer Technology; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Leon E. Govaert
- Polymer Technology; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chan D, Ding Y, Dauskardt RH, Appel EA. Engineering the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Networks with Precise Doping of Primary Defects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:42217-42224. [PMID: 29135222 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polymer networks are extensively utilized across numerous applications ranging from commodity superabsorbent polymers and coatings to high-performance microelectronics and biomaterials. For many applications, desirable properties are known; however, achieving them has been challenging. Additionally, the accurate prediction of elastic modulus has been a long-standing difficulty owing to the presence of loops. By tuning the prepolymer formulation through precise doping of monomers, specific primary network defects can be programmed into an elastomeric scaffold, without alteration of their resulting chemistry. The addition of these monomers that respond mechanically as primary defects is used both to understand their impact on the resulting mechanical properties of the materials and as a method to engineer the mechanical properties. Indeed, these materials exhibit identical bulk and surface chemistry, yet vastly different mechanical properties. Further, we have adapted the real elastic network theory (RENT) to the case of primary defects in the absence of loops, thus providing new insights into the mechanism for material strength and failure in polymer networks arising from primary network defects, and to accurately predict the elastic modulus of the polymer system. The versatility of the approach we describe and the fundamental knowledge gained from this study can lead to new advancements in the development of novel materials with precisely defined and predictable chemical, physical, and mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Chan
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yichuan Ding
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Reinhold H Dauskardt
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The role of poly(acrylic acid) in conventional glass polyalkenoate cements. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2015-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) have been used in dentistry for over 40 years. These novel bioactive materials are the result of a reaction between a finely ground glass (base) and a polymer (acid), usually poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), in the presence of water. This article reviews the types of PAA used as reagents (including how they vary by molar mass, molecular weight, concentration, polydispersity and content) and the way that they control the properties of the conventional GPCs (CGPCs) formulated from them. The article also considers the effect of PAA on the clinical performance of CGPCs, including biocompatibility, rheological and mechanical properties, adhesion, ion release, acid erosion and clinical durability. The review has critically evaluated the literature and clarified the role that the polyacid component of CGPCs plays in setting and maturation. This review will lead to an improved understanding of the chemistry and properties of the PAA phase which will lead to further innovation in the glass-based cements field.
Collapse
|
12
|
Thomas J, Gangopadhyay P, Araci E, Norwood RA, Peyghambarian N. Nanoimprinting by melt processing: an easy technique to fabricate versatile nanostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:4782-4787. [PMID: 21928300 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201102834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayan Thomas
- NanoScience Technology Center, CREOL and College of Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bulacu M, van der Giessen E. Forced reptation revealed by chain pull-out simulations. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:064904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3193725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
14
|
Embery J, Graham RS, Duckett RA, Groves D, Collis M, Mackley MR, McLeish TCB. Tearing energy study of “oriented and relaxed” polystyrene in the glassy state. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
15
|
Martínez JM, Eguiazábal JI, Nazábal J. Influence of reprocessing and molecular weight on the properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate). J MACROMOL SCI B 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222349508219495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Martínez
- a Dpto. de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros Facultad de Química , PO. Box 1072, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - J. I. Eguiazábal
- a Dpto. de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros Facultad de Química , PO. Box 1072, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - J. Nazábal
- a Dpto. de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros Facultad de Química , PO. Box 1072, San Sebastian, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gorga RE, Narasimhan B. Fracture behavior at partially miscible polymer interfaces. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.20084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
17
|
|
18
|
Namba S, Tsukahara Y, Kaeriyama K, Okamoto K, Takahashi M. Bulk properties of multibranched polystyrenes from polystyrene macromonomers: rheological behavior I. POLYMER 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00744-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
19
|
De Barra E, Hill RG. Influence of glass composition on the properties of glass polyalkenoate cements. Part III: influence of fluorite content. Biomaterials 2000; 21:563-9. [PMID: 10701457 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(99)00215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The influence of fluorite content of the glass on the formation and properties of glass polyalkenoate cements was investigated. A series of glass powders based on 1.5SiO2 x 0.5P2O5 x Al2O3 x CaO x XCaF2 were synthesised. The glass transition temperature of the glass fell with increasing fluorite content. Setting and working times of the cement pastes decreased with increasing fluorite content of the glass. Compressive strength and un-notched fracture strength increased with increasing fluorite content of the glass. Fracture toughness and toughness of the cements were relatively insensitive to fluorite content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E De Barra
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fennell B, Hill RG, Akinmade A. Failure and fracture characteristics of glass poly(vinylphosphonate) cements. Dent Mater 1998; 14:358-64. [PMID: 10379267 DOI: 10.1016/s0109-5641(99)00006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A glass poly(vinylphosphonate) cement, Diamond Carve, consisting of an ion leachable glass and a co-polymer of poly(vinylphosphonic-co-acrylic acid) was characterised. Samples were mixed for mechanical analysis using a linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) approach. METHODS Fracture toughness, flexural strength, Young's modulus, toughness and compressive strength were measured. Cement samples were tested at ageing times of 1, 7, 28, 84 and 168 days. RESULTS Fracture toughness values in the range 0.6-0.82 MPa square root m were obtained. Young's modulus increased with ageing time from 8.6 GPa at one day to 14.3 GPa at 168 days. An increase in compressive strength from 149 to 242 MPa was also observed over the same time period. SIGNIFICANCE The influence of ageing time had a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the cement. The expected rise in the mechanical properties was observed as a result of the ongoing crosslinking in the polysalt matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Fennell
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Limerick, Plassey Technological Park, Castletroy, Ireland. /
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Han HZY, McLeish TCB, Duckett RA, Ward NJ, Johnson AF, Donald AM, Butler M. Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Molecular Motions in Polymer Crazing. 1. Tube Model. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma961896o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
Pickett GT, Jasnow D, Balazs AC. Simulation of Fracturing Reinforced Polymer Blends. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:671-674. [PMID: 10062873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
23
|
Asai S, Okabe N, Sumita M, Miyasaka K. Molecular examination of fracture toughness of amorphous polyesters as a function of copolymerization component. POLYMER 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90081-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
24
|
|
25
|
|
26
|
|
27
|
|
28
|
Shen J, Chen C, Sauer J. Effects of sorbed water on properties of low and high molecular weight PMMA: 1. Deformation and fracture behaviour. POLYMER 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(85)90150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|