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Experimental evidence for immiscibility of enantiomeric polymers: Phase separation of high-molecular-weight poly(ʟ-lactide)/poly(ᴅ-lactide) blends and its impact on hindering stereocomplex crystallization. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129459. [PMID: 38232890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Although polymers tend not to mix, it remains challenging to characterize the immiscibility of enantiomeric poly(ʟ-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(ᴅ-lactide) (PDLA), particularly with equivalent and high molecular weight (high MW), which frustratingly disfavors the exclusive stereocomplexation. By introducing a random copolymer (PLC) of ʟ-lactide and caprolactone to form binary blends with PLLA and PDLA, the phase behavior of high-MW PLLA/PDLA blends was investigated mainly by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). DSC results showed that PLLA/PLC blends exhibited a single glass transition temperature (Tg), which depended on the blending ratio and precisely corresponded with the theoretical values calculated from the Fox equation. In comparison, PDLA/PLC blends showed composition-dependent heat-capacity increment at two unchanged Tg values of pure PLC and PDLA. AFM observation revealed that PLC is completely miscible with PLLA at high MW but is immiscible with PDLA, logically suggesting immiscibility of high-MW PLLA and PDLA. Moreover, AFM results demonstrated that high-MW PLLA/PDLA blends exhibited spherical droplets in asymmetric blends and bicontinuous interpenetrating worm-like patterns in symmetric counterparts, showing distinct and well-defined interfaces, confirming the microphase separation. Additionally, different MWs fundamentally led to significant differences in miscibility, which consequently affected the crystallization behaviors of PLLA/PDLA blends. This work provides evidence for (im)miscibility and its crucial impact on the crystallization of PLLA/PDLA blends and has important implications for understanding the stereocomplexation of polymers.
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A novel PEG/PMMA based binder composition for void-free metal injection moulding of Ti components. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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3
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Effect of Added Salt on Disordered Poly(ethylene oxide)-Block-Poly(methyl methacrylate) Copolymer Electrolytes. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Molecular-weight dependence of simulated glass transition temperature for isolated poly(ethylene oxide) chain. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2020.1763986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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5
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Effect of Tacticity on the Phase Behavior and Demixing of PαMSAN/dPMMA Blends Investigated by SANS. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Dendritic crystallization and morphology control of random poly(p-dioxanone-co-butylene-co-succinate) copolyesters. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Transparent Blend of Poly(Methylmethacrylate)/Cellulose Acetate Butyrate for the Protection from Ultraviolet. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8040128. [PMID: 30979233 PMCID: PMC6432452 DOI: 10.3390/polym8040128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of transparent polymers as an alternative to glass has become widespread. However, the direct exposure of these materials to climatic conditions of sunlight and heat decrease the lifetime cost of these products. The aim of this study was to minimize the harm caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure to transparent poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), which usually leads to changes in the physical and chemical properties of these materials and reduced performance. This was achieved using environmentally friendly cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB). The optical, morphological, and thermal properties of CAB blended with transparent PMMA was studied using UV-VIS spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The results show that CAB was able to reduce the effects of UV radiation by making PMMA more transparent to UV light, thereby preventing the negative effects of trapped radiation within the compositional structure, while maintaining the amorphous structure of the blend. The results also show that CAB blended with PMMA led to some properties commensurate with the requirements of research in terms of a slight increase in the value of the modulus and the glass transition temperature for the PMMA/CAB blend.
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On Thermal and Spectroscopic Studies of Poly(ethylene oxide)/Poly(methyl methacrylate) Blends with Lithium Perchlorate. MACROMOLECULAR SYMPOSIA 2015; 354:374-383. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201400134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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9
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Crystallization Kinetics of Indomethacin/Polyethylene Glycol Dispersions Containing High Drug Loadings. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2493-504. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Stretching induced phase separation in poly(vinylidene fluoride)/poly(butylene succinate) blends studied by in-situ X-ray scattering. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Compatibility and conductivity of LiClO4 free and doped polyacrylate – poly(ethylene oxide) blends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/143307509x440523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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12
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Electrochemical properties of PEO/PMMA blend-based polymer electrolytes using imidazolium salt-supported silica as a filler. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-012-0839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Thermorheological complexity of a dynamically asymmetric miscible blend: the improving role of Na+-MMT nanoclay. Macromol Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-013-1018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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A Study on the Kinetics of a Disorder-to-Order Transition Induced by Alkyne/Azide Click Reaction. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma200294g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Time-Resolved SAXS/WAXS Study of the Phase Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of Drug/PEG Solid Dispersions. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:932-9. [PMID: 21452866 DOI: 10.1021/mp200041j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Crystallization, morphology, structure and miscibility of poly(ethylene oxide) based blends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19880160111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Effects of chain configuration on UCST behavior in blends of poly(L-lactic acid) with tactic poly(methyl methacrylate)s. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.21567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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PEO/fatty acid blends for thermal energy storage materials. Structural/morphological features and hydrogen interactions. Eur Polym J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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23
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Computer simulation study on the compatibility of poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2008.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Organization of Oriented Lamellar Structures in a Miscible Crystalline/Crystalline Polymer Blend under Uniaxial Compression Flow near the Melting Temperature. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma062952g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Lamellar structural changes in miscible crystalline polymer blends during melting and crystallization processes, as studied by real-time small-angle X-ray scattering measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.21220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Two calorimetric glass transitions do not necessarily indicate immiscibility: The case of PEO/PMMA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Side-chain crystallization behavior of graft copolymers consisting of an amorphous main chain and crystalline side chains. II. Poly(n-hexyl methacrylate)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.21041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Broadband Dielectric Investigation of Amorphous Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Poly(ethylene oxide) Blends. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma049281b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Free volume, mobility, and structural relaxations in poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.10299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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32
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Conformational changes of poly(ethylene oxide) in poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends by supercritical carbon dioxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.10492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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33
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Effect of supercritical CO2 on morphology of compatible crystalline/amorphous PEO/PMMA blends. J Supercrit Fluids 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0896-8446(03)00009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Side-chain crystallization behavior of graft copolymers consisting of amorphous main chain and crystalline side chains: Poly(methyl methacrylate)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(methyl acrylate)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Aging of poly(lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol) blends. Part 2. Poly(lactide) with high stereoregularity. POLYMER 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(03)00615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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39
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Reexamination of the miscibility of stereoregular poly(methyl methacrylate) with poly(vinyl phenol). J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.2303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Miscibility in blends of stereoregular poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(ethylene oxide) based oligomers. POLYMER 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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41
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42
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Miscibility, crystallization and phase structure of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/cellulose acetate butyrate blends. Eur Polym J 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(01)00097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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43
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A solid-state 13C NMR study on phase heterogeneity in the miscible blend of amorphous poly(benzyl methacrylate) with semicrystalline poly(ethylene oxide). POLYMER 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(00)00671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Solvent effects on the miscibility of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(bisphenol a carbonate) blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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45
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Effect of tacticity of poly(methyl methacrylate) on the miscibility with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Ionomeric blends of poly(ethylene oxide) with poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) ionomer: Miscibility, crystallization, and melting behavior. J Appl Polym Sci 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(20000705)77:1<1::aid-app1>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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47
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48
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Self-decelerated crystallization in blends of polyhydroxyether of bisphenol A and poly(ethylene oxide) upon isothermal crystallization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0488(20000501)38:9<1250::aid-polb16>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Miscibility studies of binary and ternary mixtures of tactic poly(methyl methacrylates) with poly(vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile). J Appl Polym Sci 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(20000307)75:10<1313::aid-app13>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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50
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Miscible Blends of Stereoregular Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Poly(hydroxy ether of Bisphenol A). Polym J 2000. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.32.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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