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Sarbjit Kaur, Bala N, Khosla C. Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Coating on 316L Stainless Steel by Sol–Gel Technique. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.3103/s1068375519030104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ye J, Ye X, Chang S, Liu L, Zhang Y, Lin S. Effect of silica coating on the bond strength of milled pure titanium to dental porcelain. Eur J Oral Sci 2016; 124:498-503. [PMID: 27388226 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Ye
- Department of Prosthodontics; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Xiuhua Ye
- Department of Prosthodontics; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Shaohai Chang
- Department of Prosthodontics; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Lang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Department of Stomatology; Kaiping Central Hospital; Jiangmen China
| | - Shiyao Lin
- Department of Prosthodontics; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
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He G, Guo B, Wang H, Liang C, Ye L, Lin Y, Cai X. Surface characterization and osteoblast response to a functionally graded hydroxyapatite/fluoro-hydroxyapatite/titanium oxide coating on titanium surface by sol-gel method. Cell Prolif 2014; 47:258-66. [PMID: 24738936 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To improve efficacy of current titanium and its alloys, in bioactivity and speed of osseointegration, of orthopaedic implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS A novel triple-layered functional graded coating, consisting of a porous hydroxyapatite (HA) outermost layer, fluoro-HA (FHA) intermediate layer and titanium oxide (TiO2 ) innermost layer, was created on a titanium substrate by a multistep sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction analysis showed TiO2 anatase and apatite crystallization in the coating. RESULTS Morphological analysis performed by scanning electron microscopy showed excellent bonding between coating and substrate, with a thickness of ~2 μm. Scratch testing found favourable adhesion strength of the composite coating. In addition, optical microscope images suggested good biocompatibility. Considering thet in vitro cell response, osteoblasts on the coating exhibited higher cell proliferation and ALP activity compared to pure titanium and HA coating, and demonstrated excellent coating bioactivity. CONCLUSIONS Current results indicated that the novel TiO2 /FHA/HA coating has promising clinical applications in orthopaedic and dental implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G He
- Ningbo Dental Hospital, Ningbo City, 315010, China
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Pauline SA, Rajendran N. Effect of Sr on the bioactivity and corrosion resistance of nanoporous niobium oxide coating for orthopaedic applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014. [PMID: 24433904 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.11.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, strontium incorporated Nb2O5 was synthesized in two different proportions by sol-gel methodology and was deposited on 316L SS by spin coating method. The synthesis conditions were optimized to obtain a nanoporous morphology. The prepared Sr-incorporated Nb2O5 coatings were uniform, smooth and well adherent on to the substrate 316L SS. The coatings were characterized by attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the formation of Sr-incorporated Nb2O5 coatings with nanoporous morphology was confirmed. Static water contact angle measurements showed an enhancement in the wettability of the obtained coatings. In vitro bioactivity test of the coated substrates showed that 0.05M Sr-incorporated Nb2O5 coating had better bioactivity compared to 0.1M Sr-incorporated coating. Solution analysis studies confirmed the controlled release of Sr ions from the coating, which aid and enhance hydroxyapatite (HAp) growth. Electrochemical studies confirmed that the coatings provided excellent corrosion protection to the base material as increased charge transfer resistance and decreased double layer capacitance was observed for the coated substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anne Pauline
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
| | - N Rajendran
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India.
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Pauline SA, Rajendran N. Effect of Sr on the bioactivity and corrosion resistance of nanoporous niobium oxide coating for orthopaedic applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 36:194-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Abrishamchian A, Hooshmand T, Mohammadi M, Najafi F. Preparation and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotube/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite film dip coated on Ti–6Al–4V by sol–gel method for biomedical applications: An in vitro study. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2013; 33:2002-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Li H, Jia Y, Du M, Fei J, Zhao J, Cui Y, Li J. Self-Organization of Honeycomb-like Porous TiO2Films by means of the Breath-Figure Method for Surface Modification of Titanium Implants. Chemistry 2013; 19:5306-13. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Samanipour F, Bayati MR, Golestani-Fard F, Zargar HR, Troczynski T, Mirhabibi AR. An innovative technique to simply fabricate ZrO₂-HA-TiO₂ nanostructured layers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 86:14-20. [PMID: 21514799 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, ZrO₂-HA-TiO₂ layers were synthesized through EPD-Enhanced MAO (EEMAO) technique in only one step where no supplementary treatment was required. SEM, XRD, EDX, and XPS techniques were employed to propose a correlation between the growth parameters and the physical and chemical properties of the layers. The layers revealed a porous structure where applying higher voltages and/or utilizing higher concentrated electrolytes resulted in formation of wider pores and increasing the zirconium concentration in the layers; meanwhile, prolonging the growth time had the same effects. The layers mainly consisted of anatase, hydroxyapatite, monoclinic ZrO₂, and tetragonal ZrO₂ phases. Increasing the voltage, electrolyte concentration, and time, hydroxyapatite as well as tetragonal ZrO₂ was decomposed to α-TCP, monoclinic ZrO₂, and ZrO. The nanosized zirconia particles (d = 20-60 nm) were further accumulated on the vicinity of the layers when thicker electrolytes were utilized or higher voltages were applied. Emphasizing on the chemical and electrochemical foundations, a probable formation mechanism was finally put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Samanipour
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Yamamoto O, Alvarez K, Kashiwaya Y, Fukuda M. Surface characterization and biological response of carbon-coated oxygen-diffused titanium having different topographical surfaces. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2011; 22:977-987. [PMID: 21365295 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The materials (C-ODTi) with different topographical surfaces that possess interstitial oxygen atoms into the host titanium lattice and an upper nanometric surface layer of anatase-TiO(2) covered by a carbon thin layer were fabricated in this study. The carbon thin layer on the surface of C-ODTi was composed of amorphous carbon and nano-graphite crystals. In vitro tests, using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (hBMCs), were performed to check cytotoxicity, examining in particular cell morphology, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and mineralization capability. After 10 days of culture a higher degree of cell viability was observed on the surface of C-ODTi with an abraded surface. We also observed that hBMCs cultured in direct contact with C-ODTi maintained their capability to express alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and formed mineralized nodules similar to the control cultures. Our results demonstrate that the carbon layer coating on the surface of C-ODTi possess better biological response than commercially pure titanium (cp Ti), which was evidenced by the higher proliferation rates of osteoblasts, higher osteo-differentiation and a higher mineralization capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Yamamoto
- Center for Geo-Environmental Science, Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegata Gakuen-machi, Akita 010-8502, Japan.
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Dadash MS, Karbasi S, Esfahani MN, Ebrahimi MR, Vali H. Influence of calcinated and non calcinated nanobioglass particles on hardness and bioactivity of sol-gel-derived TiO2-SiO2 nano composite coatings on stainless steel substrates. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2011; 22:829-838. [PMID: 21380722 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Thick films of calcinated and non calcinated nanobioglass (NBG)-titania composite coatings were prepared on stainless steel substrates by alkoxide sol-gel process. Dip-coating method was used for the films preparation. The morphology, structure and composition of the nano composite films were evaluated using environmental scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope. The SEM investigation results showed that prepared thick NBG-titania films are smooth and free of macrocracking, fracture or flaking. The grain size of these films was uniform and nano scale (50-60 nm) which confirmed with TEM. Also FTIR confirmed the presence of Si-O-Si bands on the calcinated NBG-titania films. The hardness of the prepared films (TiO(2)-calcinated NBG and TiO(2)-Non calcinated NBG) was compared by using micro hardness test method. The results verified that the presence of calcinated NBG particles in NBG-titania composite enhanced gradually the mechanical data of the prepared films. The in vitro bioactivity of these films was discussed based on the analysis of the variations of Ca and P concentrations in the simulated body fluid (SBF) and their surface morphologies against immersion time. Surface morphology and Si-O-Si bands were found to be of great importance with respect to the bioactivity of the studied films. The results showed that calcinated NBG-titania films have better bioactivity than non calcinated NBG-titania films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleh Dadash
- Department of Material Engineering, Islamic Azad University-Najafabad Branch, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract
Among various dental materials and their successful applications, a dental implant is a good example of the integrated system of science and technology involved in multiple disciplines including surface chemistry and physics, biomechanics, from macro-scale to nano-scale manufacturing technologies and surface engineering. As many other dental materials and devices, there are crucial requirements taken upon on dental implants systems, since surface of dental implants is directly in contact with vital hard/soft tissue and is subjected to chemical as well as mechanical bio-environments. Such requirements should, at least, include biological compatibility, mechanical compatibility, and morphological compatibility to surrounding vital tissues. In this review, based on carefully selected about 500 published articles, these requirements plus MRI compatibility are firstly reviewed, followed by surface texturing methods in details. Normally dental implants are placed to lost tooth/teeth location(s) in adult patients whose skeleton and bony growth have already completed. However, there are some controversial issues for placing dental implants in growing patients. This point has been, in most of dental articles, overlooked. This review, therefore, throws a deliberate sight on this point. Concluding this review, we are proposing a novel implant system that integrates materials science and up-dated surface technology to improve dental implant systems exhibiting bio- and mechano-functionalities.
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Yamamoto O, Alvarez K, Kikuchi T, Fukuda M. Fabrication and characterization of oxygen-diffused titanium for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2009; 5:3605-15. [PMID: 19523543 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Although titanium has been successful as an orthopedic or dental implant material, performance problems still persist concerning implant-bone interfacial bonding strength. In this study a novel oxygen-diffused titanium (ODTi), fabricated by introducing oxygen into the titanium crystal lattice by thermal treatment, was investigated. The fabricated material is the result of a surface modification made on commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) previously coated with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by means of a thermal treatment performed at 700 degrees C in an ultra-pure argon atmosphere. The thermal treatment at 700 degrees C led to the formation of an anatase TiO(2) film on the cp Ti surface and a concentration gradient of oxygen into titanium. The surface of the fabricated ODTi consisted of an outer nanometric layer of anatase TiO(2) and an inner nanometric layer of Ti(2)O(x) (x<1) in which the oxygen is in solid solution with the titanium metal. It was found that ODTi possesses in vitro apatite formation ability after being soaked into simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. This apatite formation ability is attributed to the presence of the anatase TiO(2) outermost surface layer and to abundant hydroxyl groups (-OH) formed on the ODTi surface after immersion in SBF.
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13
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The influence of SiO2 and SiO2–TiO2 intermediate coatings on bond strength of titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy to dental porcelain. Dent Mater 2009; 25:1128-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2009.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Revised: 09/18/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Lin CH, Chang CH, Jao WC, Yang MC. Organic-inorganic hybrid membranes prepared from the sol-gel process of poly(butyleneadipate-co
-terephthalate) and TiO2. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Aksakal B, Hanyaloglu C. Bioceramic dip-coating on Ti-6Al-4V and 316L SS implant materials. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:2097-2104. [PMID: 17968501 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-007-3304-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2006] [Accepted: 10/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The focus of the present study is based on more economical and rapid bioceramic coating on the most common implant substrates such as Ti-6Al-4V and 316L SS used often in orthopedics. For ceramic dip coating of implant substrates, Hydroxyapatite (HA) powder, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, P2O5, Na2CO3 and KH2PO4 are used to provide the gel. Ceramic films on sandblasted substrates have been deposited by using a newly manufactured dip-coating apparatus. Sample characterization is evaluated by SEM and XRD analysis. A smooth and homogeneous coating films have been obtained and average of 20 MPa bonding strength has been achieved for both Ti-6Al-4V and 316L SS alloys after sintering at 750 degrees C under flowing argon. The level of importance of the process parameters on coating was determined by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The current process appears to be cheap, easy, and flexible to shape variations and high production rates for orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunyamin Aksakal
- Department of Mechanical Education, Faculty of Technical Education, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
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Moradian-Oldak J, Wen HB, Schneider GB, Stanford CM. Tissue engineering strategies for the future generation of dental implants. Periodontol 2000 2006; 41:157-76. [PMID: 16686932 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2006.00153.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Janet Moradian-Oldak
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Advincula MC, Petersen D, Rahemtulla F, Advincula R, Lemons JE. Surface analysis and biocorrosion properties of nanostructured surface sol–gel coatings on Ti6Al4V titanium alloy implants. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2006; 80:107-20. [PMID: 16680691 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Surfaces of biocompatible alloys used as implants play a significant role in their osseointegration. Surface sol-gel processing (SSP), a variant of the bulk sol-gel technique, is a relatively new process to prepare bioreactive nanostructured titanium oxide for thin film coatings. The surface topography, roughness, and composition of sol-gel processed Ti6Al4V titanium alloy coatings was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS). This was correlated with corrosion properties, adhesive strength, and bioreactivity in simulated body fluids (SBF). Electroimpedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization studies indicated similar advantageous corrosion properties between sol-gel coated and uncoated Ti6Al4V, which was attributed to the stable TiO2 composition, topography, and adhesive strength of the sol-gel coating. In addition, inductive coupled plasma (ICP) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) analysis of substrates immersed in SBF revealed higher deposition of calcium and phosphate and low release rates of alloying elements from the sol-gel modified alloys. The equivalent corrosion behavior and the definite increase in nucleation of calcium apatite indicate the potential of the sol-gel coating for enhanced bioimplant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Advincula
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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Li H, Li G, Zhu J, Wan Y. Preparation of an active SO42−/TiO2 photocatalyst for phenol degradation under supercritical conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2004.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kim HW, Koh YH, Li LH, Lee S, Kim HE. Hydroxyapatite coating on titanium substrate with titania buffer layer processed by sol–gel method. Biomaterials 2004; 25:2533-8. [PMID: 14751738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) was coated onto a titanium (Ti) substrate with the insertion of a titania (TiO2) buffer layer by the sol-gel method. The HA layer was employed to enhance the bioactivity and osteoconductivity of the Ti substrate, and the TiO2 buffer layer was inserted to improve the bonding strength between the HA layer and Ti substrate, as well as to prevent the corrosion of the Ti substrate. The HA layer coated over the TiO2 showed a typical apatite phase at 400 degrees C and the phase intensity increased above 450 degrees C. The sol-gel derived HA and TiO2 films, with thicknesses of approximately 800 and 200 nm, respectively, adhered tightly to each other and to the Ti substrate. The bonding strength of the HA/TiO2 double layer coating on Ti was markedly improved when compared to that of the HA single coating on Ti. The highest strength of the double layer coating was 55 MPa after heat treatment at 500 degrees C. The improvement in bonding strength with the insertion of TiO2 was attributed to the resulting enhanced chemical affinity of TiO2 toward the HA layer, as well as toward the Ti substrate. Human osteoblast-like cells, cultured on the HA/TiO2 coating surface, proliferated in a similar manner to those on the TiO2 single coating and on the pure Ti surfaces. However, the alkaline phosphatase activity of the cells on the HA/TiO2 double layer was expressed to a higher degree than that on the TiO2 single coating and pure Ti surfaces. The corrosion resistance of Ti was improved by the presence of the TiO2 coating, as confirmed by a potentiodynamic polarization test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Won Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
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Manso M, Ogueta S, García P, Pérez-Rigueiro J, Jiménez C, Martínez-Duart JM, Langlet M. Mechanical and in vitro testing of aerosol-gel deposited titania coatings for biocompatible applications. Biomaterials 2002; 23:349-56. [PMID: 11761154 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(01)00112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The biocompatible properties of sol-gel litania have increased the interest in the mechanical properties of this material in the form of functional coatings for prosthetic applications. In the present work. titania coatings with thicknesses of 1 microm have been prepared using the aerosol gel process. The main objective has been to evaluate the mechanical properties of the coatings and to prove their in-vitro biocompatibility. For this purpose, the hardness and Young's modulus of the coatings were measured by nanoindentation with loads in the 6-30 mN range. A continuous increase of these magnitudes was observed for the coatings treated at increasing sintering temperatures (150-800 degrees C). The hardness and the Young's modulus ranged between 15.8-19.5 GPa and 142-186 GPa, respectively. This behaviour has been confirmed by measurements of the plastic energy of deformation in 10 mN full loading unloading tests and by determination of the mean indentation creep under 30 mN loads. The films were additionally characterised by XRD. FTIR and ellipsometry to study the chemical and structural changes produced by sintering. Biocompatibility tests are very conclusive. Cells seeded on aerosol-gel titania coatings grow while adhered onto the surface. These coatings are thus of potential interest for the enhancement of the properties of prosthetic TiAlV alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Manso
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
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Peltola T, Jokinen M, Rahiala H, Pätsi M, Heikkilä J, Kangasniemi I, Yli-Urpo A. Effect of aging time of sol on structure and in vitro calcium phosphate formation of sol-gel-derived titania films. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 2000; 51:200-8. [PMID: 10825219 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(200008)51:2<200::aid-jbm8>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys have been used successfully in the manufacture of orthopedic and dental implants to replace damaged bone tissue. In this study, different sol-gel-derived TiO(2) coatings were produced on titanium substrates using different aging times (5, 10, 24, or 48 h) of the sol before dipping the coatings and varying numbers (one, three, or five) of coating layers. The influence of the aging time of the sol on the structure of the titania coatings with respect to in vitro bioactivity was investigated. The in vitro bioactivity tests were done in a simulated body fluid (SBF). The sol properties were monitored using a capillary viscometer and dynamic light scattering to determine the viscosity and particle size, respectively. The topography of the films was characterized using atomic force microscopy. The various sol aging times and numbers of layers produced differences in the topography of the titania films. For the coatings with one and three layers, the aging of the sols had an influence on the height of the peaks (lower with longer aging times) although the peak distance was about the same. The number of coating layers had a stronger influence. The distribution of the peak distances became narrower with an increasing number of coating layers. The coating with three layers (top coating prepared after 24 h of sol aging) and the coatings with five layers had a similar distribution of peak distances (15-50 nm), which was favorable for calcium phosphate formation. On these substrates, calcium phosphate formation started within 3-6 days of immersion in SBF. The aging time of the titania sol and the number of coating layers were found to have a strong influence on the surface topography in the nanometer scale of the titania films. The results indicate that the topography of the outermost surface is of importance for in vitro bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Peltola
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
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Jokinen M, Pätsi M, Rahiala H, Peltola T, Ritala M, Rosenholm JB. Influence of sol and surface properties on in vitro bioactivity of sol-gel-derived TiO2 and TiO2-SiO2 films deposited by dip-coating method. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 1998; 42:295-302. [PMID: 9773826 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199811)42:2<295::aid-jbm15>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Different sol-gel-derived titania and titania-silica films were prepared and their properties related to in vitro bioactivity. The films were prepared by depositing the sols on the substrate surface using a dip-coating method. The sols were monitored carefully as a function of time, using rheological techniques and dynamic light scattering. The topography of the films was characterized using atomic force microscopy, and thicknesses and refractive indexes of the films were evaluated by fitting transmittance spectra measured in a wave length region of 370-1100 nm with a spectrophotometer. The in vitro bioactivity tests were performed in simulated body fluid. Surface topography was found to be of great importance with respect to the bioactivity of the studied films.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jokinen
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Hench
- Department of Materials, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, England
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