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Xian H, Wang P, Jing H, Chen GQ, Cheng DF, Ji F, Song S, Zhang L. Comparative study of components and anti-oxidative effects between sulfated polysaccharide and its iron complex. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1303-1309. [PMID: 29727645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Sulfated polysaccharide (SP) extracted from sea algae has been used to chelate with ferric to yield polysaccharide iron complex (SPIC). The main active components and groups, monosaccharide composition, molecular weight and anti-oxidative capability were studied comparatively. Results showed that both have good stability and no free ferric ions in SPIC, and no significant difference in total polysaccharide content while sulfate and protein contents lowering and iron content increasing. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated further that iron was chelated in polysaccharide chain. Gas chromatograph (GC) showed that the major monosaccharides were fucose, mucose and glucose with molecular ratio of 10:3.8:3.5 in SPIC and 10:8.4:7.5 in SP. MW of SP and SPIC varied no more at 231,3 kD and 237.2 kD respectively using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both had hydroxyl radicals scavenging effects in vitro while SPIC showed stronger effects. Comparing oxygen consumption with control PMA-differentiated cells, both took longer time to achieve higher platform and SPIC showed stronger effects than SP. Fluorescence extensity of intracellular ROS showed that SP could reduce the ROS generation while SPIC enhances the effect. The results revealed that the main active components and antioxidant activity exhibit differentiation after SP chelating with ferric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 9 Middle Rd., of Shuguang Garden, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hebei Institute of Veterinary Medicine Supervision, 19 Changjiang Rd., 050035 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hua Jing
- Department of Pathology, The 263 Clinic Department of General Hospital of PLA, 141 South of Yongshun Str., Tongzhou District, 101149, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Qing Chen
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, 34 Nanshan Rd, Nanan District, 400065 Chongqing, China
| | - Deng-Fang Cheng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Laboratory, College of Animal Science, Southwest University, 160 Xueyuan Rd., Rongchang, 402460 Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 9 Middle Rd., of Shuguang Garden, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Shuhui Song
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 9 Middle Rd., of Shuguang Garden, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 9 Middle Rd., of Shuguang Garden, Beijing 100097, China.
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Diakova G, Bryant RG. The aqueous reference for ESR oximetry. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2006; 178:329-33. [PMID: 16256384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2005] [Revised: 10/03/2005] [Accepted: 10/06/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of molecular oxygen with derivatives of nitroxide EPR spin labels has been investigated using nuclear spin-relaxation spectroscopy in aqueous and nonaqueous solvents. The proton spin-lattice relaxation rate induced by oxygen provides a measure of the local concentration of oxygen, which we find is dependent on solvent. In water, the hydrophobic effect increases the local concentration of oxygen in the nonpolar portions of solute molecules. For nitroxides reduced to the hydroxylamine in aqueous solutions, we find that the local concentration of oxygen is approximately twice that associated with a free diffusion hard sphere limit, while in octane, this effect is absent. These results show that nitroxide based ESR oximetry may suffer a reference concentration shift of order a factor of two if the aqueous nitroxide spectrum or relaxation is used as the reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Diakova
- Chemistry Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA
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Zhang Z, Wei T, Hou J, Li G, Yu S, Xin W. Tetramethylpyrazine scavenges superoxide anion and decreases nitric oxide production in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Life Sci 2003; 72:2465-72. [PMID: 12650854 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(03)00139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tetramethylpyrazine is one of the active ingredients of the Chinese herb Ligusticum wallichii Franchat. By electron spin resonance spin trapping methods, effects of tetramethylpyrazine on superoxide anion and nitric oxide generated by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes were studied. During the respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear leukocytes induced by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, tetramethylpyrazine scavenges superoxide anion dose-dependently, and decreases the production of nitric oxide significantly, but shows no influence on oxygen consumption. These results suggest that the effective protection of tetramethylpyrazine against ischemic brain injury might be due to its scavenging of reactive oxygen species and regulation on nitric oxide production, and consequent prevention of peroxynitrite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, PR China
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Li H, Hu J, Xin W, Zhao B. Production and interaction of oxygen and nitric oxide free radicals in PMA stimulated macrophages during the respiratory burst. Redox Rep 2001; 5:353-8. [PMID: 11140745 DOI: 10.1179/135100000101535915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) during the respiratory burst in phorbol-1,2-myristate-1,3-acetate (PMA) stimulated macrophages has been the topic of much debate in the literature. To help clarify the role of NOS, we have examined the chemiluminescence arising from peroxynitrite production, nitrite/nitrate and nitric oxide production, and oxygen consumption during the respiratory burst in PMA-stimulated macrophages. The Griess reaction was used to measure nitrite/nitrate, spin trapping with N-methyl D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (MGD)2-Fe2+ was used to quantify nitric oxide, and the spin probe 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl-4-ol (TEMPOL) was used to measure oxygen consumption. Oxygen free radical production (hydroxyl and superoxide free radicals) was also investigated using the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyroline-1-oxide (DMPO). The chemiluminescence emitted by the PMA-stimulated macrophages and nitrite/nitrate in the culture system were both found to increase. However, the rate of nitric oxide release remained constant, indicating that the activity of NOS is not enhanced during the respiratory burst in PMA stimulated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Gao J, Tang H, Zhao B. The ESR study on the protective effect of grape seed extract on rat heart mitochondria from the injury of lipid peroxidation. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2000. [DOI: 10.1163/156856700x00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tan AM, Huang YQ, Qu SS. Determination of the respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear leukocytes by microcalorimetry. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 1998; 37:91-4. [PMID: 9825302 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(98)00015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A M Tan
- National Research Laboratories of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Medical University, China
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Yang FJ, Zhao BL, Xin WJ. Studies on toxicological mechanisms of gas-phase cigarette smoke and protection effects of GTP. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 1992. [DOI: 10.1163/156856792x00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Clausen J. The influence of selenium and vitamin E on the enhanced respiratory burst reaction in smokers. Biol Trace Elem Res 1991; 31:281-91. [PMID: 1723617 DOI: 10.1007/bf02990197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory burst reaction (RBR) of neutrophilic granulocytes of the peripheral blood was estimated by means of the luminol reaction in 10 smokers and in 10 nonsmokers. Compared to the nonsmokers, the RBR of smokers' granulocytes showed a significantly higher rate of RBR. RBR consists of two enzymatic systems, i.e., NADPH-oxidase generating superoxide anions and myeloperoxidase, generating hypochlorous acid. Furthermore the superoxide anion may undergo dismutation to oxygen and peroxide. Thus, since the RBR may cause an oxidative stress, the smokers were supplemented for 10 d with antioxidants, i.e., 200 micrograms L-Se-methionine and 1000 mg vitamin E/d. After 10 d of supplementation with the antioxidants, the RBR of the smokers was significantly decreased by 20-75 percent. Since the oxidative stress associated with RBR may cause autodigestive reactions in the lungs of smokers, it may be beneficial for smokers to use relatively high doses of such antioxidants in order to hamper the pathological processes associated with smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Clausen
- Institute for Life Sciences and Chemistry, University of Roskilde, Denmark
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Zhao BL, Duan SJ, Xin WJ. Lymphocytes can produce respiratory burst and oxygen radicals as polymorphonuclear leukocytes. CELL BIOPHYSICS 1990; 17:205-11. [PMID: 1714347 DOI: 10.1007/bf02990717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory burst and production of oxygen radicals by lymphocytes stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was studied and compared with that of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and spin trapping technique. Superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals spin adducts of DMPO were detected in the stimulated PMN system, but only hydroxyl radical spin adducts of DMPO were detected in the stimulated lymphocyte system. It was proved by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase that the hydroxyl radicals produced in the stimulated lymphocyte system came from superoxide anions, just like the hydroxyl radicals produced in the stimulated PMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Zhao
- Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China
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Li XJ, Zhao BL, Liu GT, Xin WJ. Scavenging effects on active oxygen radicals by schizandrins with different structures and configurations. Free Radic Biol Med 1990; 9:99-104. [PMID: 2172101 DOI: 10.1016/0891-5849(90)90111-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the scavenging effects of different structures and configurations of schizandrins isolated from Fructus Schizandrae, a traditional Chinese herb, on active oxygen radicals with the method of spin-trapping technique. The active oxygen radicals were produced from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). In addition, the scavenging effects of schizandrins on hydroxyl radicals (.OH) in Fenton's reaction and the scavenging effects on superoxide anions (O2-.) in both riboflavin/EDTA and xanthine/xanthine oxidase systems have also been studied. They are compared with the scavenging effects of both Vitamin C (Vc) and Vitamin E (VE). The experimental results have shown that the scavenging effect of schizandrin B (Sin B) on the active oxygen radicals is stronger than that of S(-) Sin B and R(+) Sin B. For schizandrins of the same molecular structures with different stereoconfigurations the scavenging effects of S type of the benzene ring on active oxygen radicals are stronger than those of R type and for schizandrins of the same stereoconfigurations with different structures the scavenging effects of schizandrin C (Sin C) on the active oxygen radicals are stronger than those of Sin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Academic Sinica, Beijing, China
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