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Falco F, Barra M, Wu G, Dioguardi M, Stincone P, Cuttitta A, Torri M, Bonanno A, Cammarata M. Engraulis encrasicolus larvae from two different environmental spawning areas of the Central Mediterranean Sea: first data on amino acid profiles and biochemical evaluations. EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2020.1823493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Falco
- Marine Biological and Biotechnological Resources Institute (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
| | - M. Barra
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Italy
| | - G. Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - M. Dioguardi
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - P. Stincone
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A. Cuttitta
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Italy
| | - M. Torri
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Italy
| | - A. Bonanno
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Italy
| | - M. Cammarata
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy
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Falco F, Barra M, Cammarata M, Cuttitta A, Jia S, Bonanno A, Mazzola S, Wu G. Amino acid composition in eyes from zebrafish (Danio rerio) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) at the larval stage. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:519. [PMID: 27186483 PMCID: PMC4844574 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study was performed to identify differences in the amino acid composition of the eyes from zebrafish (Danio rerio) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) larvae and their link to the environmental adaption of the species. Amino acids in the acidic hydrolysates of eyes from 11 zebrafish and 12 sardine were determined with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography involving precolumn derivatization with ortho-phthalaldehyde. Differences in the content of most amino acids were detected between zebrafish and sardine. These amino acids were aspartate, glutamate, serine, glycine, threonine, arginine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine and lysine. Of particular note, the percentage of methionine in zebrafish eyes was much higher than that in sardine, whereas the opposite was observed for glutamate and glycine. These results indicate that zebrafish and sardine likely have experienced differences in adaptation to environmental changes. We suggest that the amino acid composition of eyes represents a powerful tool to discriminate between species characterized by different lifestyle and inhabiting different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Falco
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy ; Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Marco Barra
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy
| | - Matteo Cammarata
- Marine Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Chemical, Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela Cuttitta
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy
| | - Sichao Jia
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Angelo Bonanno
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy
| | - Salvatore Mazzola
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
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Takeda M, Haga M, Yamada H, Kinoshita M, Otsuka M, Tsuboi S, Moriyama Y. Ionotropic glutamate receptors expressed in human retinoblastoma Y79 cells. Neurosci Lett 2000; 294:97-100. [PMID: 11058796 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(00)01546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian retinal photoreceptors and pinealocytes have common characteristic that they secrete melatonin and L-glutamate as chemical transmitters. Although pinealocytes express glutamate receptors and receive glutamate signals, whether or not photoreceptors express glutamate receptors is unknown. Here, we investigated the expression of the glutamate receptors in cultured Y79 clonal human retinoblastoma cells, as model systems of photoreceptors. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis indicated that GluR1, GluR5, GluR7, EAA2, NR1, NR2A and NR2D mRNAs were present in the cultured cells. Northern analysis confirmed the presence of GluR7, EAA2, NR1, NR2A and NR2D mRNAs, while other mRNAs were under the detection limit. Addition of (RS)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid or kainate increases intracellular (Ca(2+)) in Fura-2 loaded cells, which is blocked by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione. N-methyl-D-aspartate also increases intracellular (Ca(2+)). These results demonstrated the presence of functional ionotropic receptors in Y79 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
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Abstract
Kinesin motors are presumed to transport various membrane compartments within neurons, but their specific in vivo functions, cargoes, and expression patterns in the brain are unclear. We have investigated the distribution of KIF3A, a member of the heteromeric family of kinesins, in the vertebrate retina. We find KIF3A at two distinct sites within photoreceptors: at the basal body of the connecting cilium axoneme and at the synaptic ribbon. Immunoelectron microscopy of the photoreceptor ribbon synapse shows KIF3A to be concentrated both at the ribbon matrix and on vesicles docked at the ribbon, a result that is consistent with the presence of both detergent-extractable and resistant KIF3A fractions at these synapses. KIF3A is also present in the inner plexiform layer, again at presynaptic ribbons. These findings suggest that within a single cell, the photoreceptor, one kinesin polypeptide, KIF3A, can serve two distinct functions, one specific for ribbon synapses.
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Choe HG, Louie K, Basinger SF. Effects of excitatory amino acids on phosphoinositide metabolism in frog retina. Vision Res 1996; 36:1873-81. [PMID: 8759426 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6989(95)00273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of excitatory amino acid receptor agonists on the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides were examined using frog retinal membranes prelabeled in vitro with either 32PO4 or [3H]inositol. Glutamate stimulated release of [3H]inositol phosphates (IPs) from the retinas and altered the 32P-labeling pattern of phosphatidylinositol (PI) cycle intermediates. This indicates that glutamate affects not only the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides but possibly other steps involved in the PI cycle. Among glutamate analogs, kainate (KA), quisqualate (QA), and, to a lesser extent, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) mimicked the glutamate effect, whereas L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (L-AP4) was not effective in causing either the accumulation of [3H]IPs or the alteration of the 32P-labeling pattern of PI cycle intermediates. Among QA specific agonists, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA), but not ibotenate (IBO) or trans-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate (ACPD) was active in stimulating IPs formation. KA effect on IPs formation may be due to indirect (polysynaptic) activation of receptor(s) other than L-AP4, IBO, or ACPD specific QA receptors. To avoid activating polysynaptic pathways, retinal synaptoneurosomes prelabeled with [3H]inositol were used to examine the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides. As in whole retinas, KA, carbachol (CARB), and NMDA stimulated the release of IPs while L-AP4 had minimal effect. Glycine (GLY) had no effect. Our results show CARB and KA to be the most effective in stimulating the production of IPs. Their effects were exerted directly through separate receptors and not through polysynaptic pathways. ACPD and IBO were the least effective in eliciting the release of IPs. Our studies provide evidence that ionotropic and not metabotropic glutamate receptors are involved in PI metabolism in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Choe
- Department of Science Education, Seoul National Teachers College, Korea
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Jimenez Del Rio M, Pinxteren J, De Potter W, Ebinger G, Vauquelin G. Serotonin-binding proteins in the bovine cerebral cortex: interaction with serotonin and catecholamines. Eur J Pharmacol 1992; 225:225-34. [PMID: 1516655 DOI: 10.1016/0922-4106(92)90024-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The soluble serotonin-binding proteins (SBP) present in bovine frontal cortex are very similar to those reported in rat brain. Binding of [3H]serotonin to SBP, present in ammonium sulphate-precipitated proteins from bovine cortex, requires Fe2+ but not Fe3+. In the presence of an optimal concentration of Fe2+ (0.1 mM), bovine SBP behave as a single class of non-cooperative sites for [3H]serotonin binding (Bmax = 120 +/- 12 pmol/mg protein, KD = 0.12 +/- 0.04 microM, n = 3). Binding of [3H]serotonin is decreased by nucleotides and by reagents which modify sulfhydryl groups and reduce disulfide bonds and by metal ion chelators. Serotonin analogs possessing an hydroxyl group on the indole ring and catecholamine analogs possessing an intact catechol moiety are effective competitors (Ki from 0.1 to 0.3 microM). In both cases, the aliphatic amino group does not contribute to the binding, but the affinity is strongly decreased if aromatic hydroxyl groups are methoxylated. Catecholamine-SBP interactions can also be demonstrated directly by binding experiments. Binding of [3H]dopamine is greatly enhanced by Fe2+, Cu2+ and Mn2+, but not by Fe3+. The Fe(2+)-dependent binding component of [3H]dopamine is saturable (Bmax = 279 +/- 64 pmol/mg protein, KD = 0.19 +/- 0.02 microM, n = 3), and possesses the same physicochemical properties as SBP: it elutes immediately after the void volume on a Sephacryl S100 HR (1.6 x 140 cm) gel filtration column (reflecting aggregation) and it migrates with an apparent molecular weight of 57-58 kDa on native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Whereas the serotonin-storing role of SBP in serotonergic neurons has already been well documented, the present data advocate that these proteins may also possess catecholamine-storing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jimenez Del Rio
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Free University Brussels, St. Genesius-Rode, Belgium
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