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Kakarelidou M, Christopoulos P, Conides A, Kalogianni DP, Christopoulos TK. Fish DNA Sensors for Authenticity Assessment-Application to Sardine Species Identification. Molecules 2024; 29:677. [PMID: 38338421 PMCID: PMC10856316 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Food and fish adulteration is a major public concern worldwide. Apart from economic fraud, health issues are in the forefront mainly due to severe allergies. Sardines are one of the most vulnerable-to-adulteration fish species due to their high nutritional value. Adulteration comprises the substitution of one fish species with similar species of lower nutritional value and lower cost. The detection of adulteration, especially in processed fish products, is very challenging because the morphological characteristics of the tissues change, making identification by the naked eye very difficult. Therefore, new analytical methods and (bio)sensors that provide fast analysis with high specificity, especially between closely related fish species, are in high demand. DNA-based methods are considered as important analytical tools for food adulteration detection. In this context, we report the first DNA sensors for sardine species identification. The sensing principle involves species recognition, via short hybridization of PCR-amplified sequences with specific probes, capture in the test zone of the sensor, and detection by the naked eye using gold nanoparticles as reporters; thus, avoiding the need for expensive instruments. As low as 5% adulteration of Sardina pilchardus with Sardinella aurita was detected with high reproducibility in the processed mixtures simulating canned fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Kakarelidou
- Analytical/Bioanalytical Chemistry & Nanotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Panagiotis Christopoulos
- Analytical/Bioanalytical Chemistry & Nanotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Alexis Conides
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute for Marine Biological Resources, 46.7 km Athens-Sounion, Anavyssos, 19013 Attika, Greece;
| | - Despina P. Kalogianni
- Analytical/Bioanalytical Chemistry & Nanotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Theodore K. Christopoulos
- Analytical/Bioanalytical Chemistry & Nanotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.K.); (P.C.)
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Platani, 26504 Patras, Greece
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2
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Mozzon M, Foligni R, Mannozzi C, Galdenzi F, Laurita R, Tappi S, Dalla Rosa M. Effect of plasma-activated water (PAW) soaking on the lipid oxidation of sardine ( Sardina pilchardus) fillets. Food Res Int 2024; 176:113823. [PMID: 38163686 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The efficacy of plasma-activated water (PAW) as a chemical-free and environmentally friendly preservative has been documented for a variety of foods, but the onset of lipid oxidation induced by plasma-reactive species has been less extensively studied. In this work, global indices (peroxide value, UV specific absorbance) and direct analytical determinations of volatile and non-volatile oxidation products were performed on sardine lipids extracted from fish fillets immersed in PAW (treatments) and distilled water (controls) for 10-30 min. Evidence of PAW-induced lipid oxidation was provided by higher UV specific absorbances and higher levels of C5-C9 secondary volatile oxidation products in the treated samples. However, the degree of fatty acid oxidation was not sufficient to cause a significant reduction in nutritionally valuable eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Twelve cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) were identified in the sardine lipids, but no significant differences in total COPs content were found between PAW processed and control samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Mozzon
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Roberta Foligni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Mannozzi
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 9, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Filippo Galdenzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Romolo Laurita
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Via Terracini 24, 40131 Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Via Zamboni 33, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Silvia Tappi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agrofood Research (CIRI Agrofood), University of Bologna, Via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521 Cesena, Italy.
| | - Marco Dalla Rosa
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agrofood Research (CIRI Agrofood), University of Bologna, Via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521 Cesena, Italy.
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3
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Ferreira A, Garrido S, Costa JL, Teles-Machado A, Brotas V, Brito AC. What drives the recruitment of European sardine in Atlanto-Iberian waters (SW Europe)? Insights from a 22-year analysis. Sci Total Environ 2023; 881:163421. [PMID: 37059140 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) is the most abundant and socio-economically important small pelagic fish species in Western Iberia Upwelling Ecosystem. As a result of a long series of low recruitments, sardine biomass off Western Iberia has greatly reduced since the 2000s. Recruitment of small pelagic fish is mainly dependent on environmental factors. In order to identify the key drivers of sardine recruitment, it is essential to understand its temporal and spatial variability. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive suite of atmospheric, oceanographic, and biological variables spanning 1998-2020 (22 years) were extracted from satellite datasets. These were then related to in situ recruitment estimates obtained from yearly spring acoustic surveys carried out along two different hotspots of sardine recruitment of the southern Iberian sardine stock (NW Portugal and Gulf of Cadiz). Sardine recruitment in Atlanto-Iberian waters appears to be driven by distinct combinations of environmental factors, although sea surface temperature was identified as the main driver in both regions. Physical conditions that favour larval feeding and retention, such as shallower mixed layers and onshore transport, were also seen to play a vital role in modulating sardine recruitment. Furthermore, high sardine recruitment in NW Iberia was associated with optimal conditions in the winter (January-February). In contrast, recruitment strength of sardine off the Gulf of Cadiz were associated with the optimal conditions during late autumn and spring. The results from this work provide valuable insights to further understand the dynamics of sardine off Iberia, with potential to contribute to the sustainable management of sardine stocks in Atlanto-Iberian waters, particularly under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afonso Ferreira
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Susana Garrido
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere - IPMA, Av. Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Lino Costa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Teles-Machado
- Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere - IPMA, Av. Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal; IDL - Instituto Dom Luiz, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vanda Brotas
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana C Brito
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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4
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Shao M, Wu H, Wang B, Zhang X, Gao X, Jiang M, Su R, Shen X. Identification and Characterization of Novel ACE Inhibitory and Antioxidant Peptides from Sardina pilchardus Hydrolysate. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112216. [PMID: 37297461 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sardina pilchardus is a valuable source of bioactive peptides with potential applications in functional foods. In this study, we investigated the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of Sardina pilchardus protein hydrolysate (SPH) produced using dispase and alkaline protease. Our results showed that the low molecular mass fractions (<3 kDa) obtained through ultrafiltration exhibited more effective ACE inhibition, as indicated by screening with ACE inhibitory activity. We further identified the low molecular mass fractions (<3 kDa) using an LC-MS/MS rapid screening strategy. A total of 37 peptides with potential ACE inhibitory activity were identified based on high biological activity scores, non-toxicity, good solubility, and novelty. Molecular docking was used to screen for peptides with ACE inhibitory activity, resulting in the identification of 11 peptides with higher -CDOCKER ENERGY and -CDOCKER INTERACTION ENERGY scores than lisinopril. The sequences FIGR, FILR, FQRL, FRAL, KFL, and KLF were obtained by synthesizing and validating these 11 peptides in vitro, all of which had ACE inhibitory activity, as well as zinc-chelating capacity. All six peptides were found to bind to the three active pockets (S1, S2, and S1') of ACE during molecular docking, indicating that their inhibition patterns were competitive. Further analysis of the structural characteristics of these peptides indicated that all six peptides contain phenylalanine, which suggests that they may possess antioxidant activities. After experimental verification, it was found that all six of these peptides have antioxidant activities, and we also found that the SPH and ultrafiltration fractions of SPH had antioxidant activities. These findings suggest that Sardina pilchardus may be a potential source of natural antioxidants and ACE inhibitors for the development of functional foods, and using LC-MS/MS in combination with an online database and molecular docking represents a promising, effective, and accurate approach for the discovery of novel ACE inhibitory peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Shao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haixing Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Bohui Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xia Gao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Mengqi Jiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruiheng Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuanri Shen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition, Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center, Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Caballero-Huertas M, Palomba M, Frigola-Tepe X, Muñoz M, Mattiucci S, Viñas J. Ascaridoid parasites in European sardine throughout the annual cycle: Variability in parasitic load according to host stock features. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2022; 20:1-11. [PMID: 36578301 PMCID: PMC9791428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, a drop in the condition of the European sardine has been observed. Although several causes have been attributed to this issue, as overfishing and climate change, little is known about the link between ascaridoid nematode parasitisation and fish status. In this study, sardines were obtained from four fishing grounds along the Mediterranean (Alboran, Northern Spain, Northern Adriatic, and Aegean), and one location in the Atlantic Ocean (Southern Portugal). After analysing individual fish body condition (by direct tissue fat content measurements and condition indices), and reproductive status (by a detailed gonadal examination) throughout the entire annual cycle, ascaridoids were recognised by combining naked eye and UV-press method along flesh, viscera, and gonads. Afterwards, sequence analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers region (ITS) and the mtDNA cox2 gene were used to identify and characterise the different species of ascaridoids from the fish host in the localities throughout the seasons. The main species found along different areas was Hysterothylacium aduncum, present in the Northern Adriatic (prevalence of 7.6%, mean intensity 1.700), the Atlantic (7.5%, 3.889), and the Northern Spain (3.9%, 1.600). Moreover, few individuals of Anisakis simplex (s.s.) and A. pegreffii were observed in the Atlantic (1.7% and 0.8%, respectively), and the latter species was also found in the Adriatic stock (0.8%). All ascaridoid specimens were found in viscera. Obtained results seem to indicate that in stocks with medium sizes, small variations in length are related to parasite intensity. This study highlights the importance of seasonal parasitological analyses at stock level and, especially, in capital breeders, as relationships between condition and reproduction parameters and parasitism are conditioned by seasonality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Caballero-Huertas
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology (IEA), Department of Environmental Sciences. Universitat de Girona (UdG), Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Marialetizia Palomba
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB). Tuscia University, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Xènia Frigola-Tepe
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology (IEA), Department of Environmental Sciences. Universitat de Girona (UdG), Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Marta Muñoz
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology (IEA), Department of Environmental Sciences. Universitat de Girona (UdG), Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Simonetta Mattiucci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Section of Parasitology. ‘Sapienza-University of Rome’, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Jordi Viñas
- Genetic Ichthyology Laboratory (LIG), Department of Biology. Universitat de Girona (UdG), Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain,Corresponding author.
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Bouriga N, Rjiba Bahri W, Mili S, Massoudi S, Quignard JP, Trabelsi M. Variations in nutritional quality and fatty acids composition of sardine ( Sardina pilchardus) during canning process in grape seed and olive oils. J Food Sci Technol 2022; 59:4844-4852. [PMID: 36276547 PMCID: PMC9579232 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05572-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fish canning industries generally use different oils to ensure the juicing stage of canned sardines. In this context, we tested the use of grape seed oil (GSO) which could provide several health benefits to consumers. This study compared its effects on the quality of canned sardine to that of olive oil (OO). Total polyphenols, flavonoids and non flavonoids of the tested GSO were significantly higher than those of the OO. Also, The GSO was rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), namely linoleic acid (65.36% of total fatty acids). The use of GSO in the sardine sardines canning process increased significantly fat, protein and ash contents after 90 days of conservation. The fatty acid profile was dominated by PUFA for all the tested samples. Docosahexaenoic acid was the most abundant unsaturated fatty acid, followed by linoleic acid in GSO samples (20.86 ± 0.06% compared to 1.46 ± 0.05% in fresh sardine) and oleic acid in OO samples. Both atherogenic and thrombogenic indices decreased after the canning process in OO and GSO to less than 1. Thus GSO seems to improve the lipid nutritional quality in fresh sardine. In addition, the values for thiobarbituric acid and Total volatile base nitrogen did not exceed critical limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawzet Bouriga
- Ecology, Biology and Physiology Laboratory of Aquatic Organisms, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis el Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Errimel B.P.15., 7080 Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Rjiba Bahri
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Biotechnology and Climate Change LR11ES09, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis el Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sami Mili
- Research Unit: Exploitation of Aquatic Environments, Higher Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Errimel B.P.15., 7080 Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Massoudi
- Ecology, Biology and Physiology Laboratory of Aquatic Organisms, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis el Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Errimel B.P.15., 7080 Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Pierre Quignard
- Ichtyology Laboratory, Sciences et Techniques Languedoc, University of Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon, Case 102, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Monia Trabelsi
- Ecology, Biology and Physiology Laboratory of Aquatic Organisms, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis el Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
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7
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Caballero-Huertas M, Vargas-Yánez M, Frigola-Tepe X, Viñas J, Muñoz M. Unravelling the drivers of variability in body condition and reproduction of the European sardine along the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition. Mar Environ Res 2022; 179:105697. [PMID: 35839745 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Body condition and reproduction data are broadly used to assess the health status of fish because of its implications for recruitment and ecosystem structure. Sardina pilchardus is a small pelagic distributed throughout both Mediterranean and Eastern Atlantic. Seasonal trend analysis of energy storage and reproduction was carried out in sardines from two areas along the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition: Southern Portugal-Gulf of Cádiz (POR-GC) (Atlantic Ocean) and Alboran Sea (Alb) (Mediterranean Sea) from 2019 to 2021. Energetic condition was estimated using tissue and mesenteric fat content, hepatosomatic index (HSI), and the relative condition factor (Kn). Sex, reproductive developmental stage, and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were also obtained. In addition, the oceanographic and meteorological characteristics of the areas were analysed. Results showed that seasonal Kn, tissue and mesenteric fat content, and HSI values of POR-GC specimens exceeded Alb's with summer arrival, period in which sardine acquires reserves to allocate them to reproduction. These differences could be associated to greater productivity of the former area mainly due to rivers discharges and trade winds intensification during summer (from July to September). Furthermore, gonad maturation of POR-GC stock occurred before the Alb. However, no spawning capable individuals were identified until February in POR-GC. In contrast, in Alb it was observed a remarkable fraction of spawning capable and active spawner individuals in October. We hypothesized the migration of mature individuals from POR-GC to the spawning areas located in the Alb. Seasonal genetic population studies are required to untangle it and reliably evaluate the environmental effect on the stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caballero-Huertas
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology (IEA), Department of Environmental Sciences. Universitat de Girona (UdG), Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - M Vargas-Yánez
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO-CSIC, Puerto Pesquero de Fuengirola s/n, 29640, Fuengirola, Málaga, Spain
| | - X Frigola-Tepe
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology (IEA), Department of Environmental Sciences. Universitat de Girona (UdG), Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - J Viñas
- Genetic Ichthyology Laboratory (LIG), Department of Biology, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - M Muñoz
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology (IEA), Department of Environmental Sciences. Universitat de Girona (UdG), Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain.
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8
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Szalaj D, Silva A, Ré P, Cabral H. Predictions of sardine and the Portuguese continental shelf ecosystem dynamics under future fishing, forced-biomass and SST scenarios. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 178:113594. [PMID: 35398691 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We used the Ecopath with Ecosim ecosystem model to assess the future effects of multiple stressors on sardine and the Portuguese continental shelf ecosystem. We assessed individual and combined impacts of changes in sardine fishing pressure, biomass of sardine competitors and predators and sea surface temperature (SST). This study demonstrated that the greatest impact on sardine stock is caused by projected SST rise whose effect is dominant and detrimental to sardine stock regardless of other conditions, including sardine fishing at maximum sustainable yield (FMSY). The largest impact on ecosystem stability, maturity and diversity of flows was observed under the forced-biomass scenarios that simulate changes in biomass of sardine predators and competitors. Moreover, these stressors alongside FMSY are projected to play an important role in the future evolution of the sardine stock. Results presented in this study can assist long-term and strategic management of the Iberian sardine stock.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Szalaj
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - A Silva
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P Ré
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - H Cabral
- INRAE, UR EABX, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine Bordeaux 50, Avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas, France
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Lima ARA, Baltazar-Soares M, Garrido S, Riveiro I, Carrera P, Piecho-Santos AM, Peck MA, Silva G. Forecasting shifts in habitat suitability across the distribution range of a temperate small pelagic fish under different scenarios of climate change. Sci Total Environ 2022; 804:150167. [PMID: 34798731 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Climate change often leads to shifts in the distribution of small pelagic fish, likely by changing the match-mismatch dynamics between these sensitive species within their environmental optima. Using present-day habitat suitability, we projected how different scenarios of climate change (IPCC Representative Concentration Pathways 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5) may alter the large scale distribution of European sardine Sardina pilchardus (a model species) by 2050 and 2100. We evaluated the variability of species-specific environmental optima allowing a comparison between present-day and future scenarios. Regardless of the scenario, sea surface temperature and salinity and the interaction between current velocity and distance to the nearest coast were the main descriptors responsible for the main effects on sardine's distribution. Present-day and future potential "hotspots" for sardine were neritic zones (<250 km) with water currents <0.4 m s-1, where SST was between 10 and 22 °C and SSS > 20 (PSU), on average. Most variability in projected shifts among climatic scenarios was in habitats with moderate to low suitability. By the end of this century, habitat suitability was projected to increase in the Canary Islands, Iberian Peninsula, central North Sea, northern Mediterranean, and eastern Black Sea and to decrease in the Atlantic African coast, southwest Mediterranean, English Channel, northern North Sea and Western U.K. A gradual poleward-eastward shift in sardine distribution was also projected among scenarios. This shift was most pronounced in 2100 under RCP 8.5. In that scenario, sardines had a 9.6% range expansion which included waters along the entire coast of Norway up and into the White Sea. As habitat suitability is mediated by the synergic effects of climate variability and change on species fitness, it is critical to apply models with robust underlying species-habitat data that integrate knowledge on the full range of processes shaping species productivity and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- André R A Lima
- ISPA - University Institute, Department of Biosciences, Rua jardim do tabaco, 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Rua da Matemática, 49, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Baltazar-Soares
- ISPA - University Institute, Department of Biosciences, Rua jardim do tabaco, 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Rua da Matemática, 49, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana Garrido
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Rua da Matemática, 49, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Portuguese Institute for the Sea and the Atmosphere - IPMA, Av. Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
| | - Isabel Riveiro
- IEO - Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - Pablo Carrera
- IEO - Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Miguel Piecho-Santos
- Portuguese Institute for the Sea and the Atmosphere - IPMA, Av. Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal; Centre of Marine Sciences of the University of Algarve (CCMAR), Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Myron A Peck
- NIOZ - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems (COS), PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, the Netherlands
| | - Gonçalo Silva
- ISPA - University Institute, Department of Biosciences, Rua jardim do tabaco, 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Rua da Matemática, 49, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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Bertrand M, Brosset P, Soudant P, Lebigre C. Spatial and ontogenetic variations in sardine feeding conditions in the Bay of Biscay through fatty acid composition. Mar Environ Res 2022; 173:105514. [PMID: 34753048 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Food characteristics are amongst the most influential factors determining the fish life history traits as quantitative and qualitative changes in individuals' diet can lead to a decline in the energy allocated to their growth, and hence influence natural populations' characteristics. The size-at-age and weight of European sardines (Sardina pilchardus) in the Bay of Biscay (BoB) have decreased substantially over the last decade, especially for the youngest age classes, and the factors underlying such changes have not yet been identified. We therefore analysed the fatty acid (FA) composition in the neutral (NL) and polar (PL) lipids in samples collected across the BoB to determine whether the diet of sardines changes with their ages. We found that the total FA contents in both lipid fractions varied mainly with the sampling locations and age. Indeed, sardines aged 1 and 2 years living in South BoB had particularly high contents in FA specific to non-diatom phytoplankton, while older sardines living in the Northern part had higher total FA content and more FA specific to copepods. These differences probably resulted from differences in prey availability and to a lesser extend a change in feeding behaviour with age. The strong dependence of younger sardines' diet to phytoplankton in spring suggests that changes in primary production may explain their decline in size-at-age. Finally, NL clearly reflect finest feeding variations in comparison to PL imprinted by diet variations at longer time scale. Future studies should consider separately NL and PL fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Bertrand
- Ifremer, Laboratoire de Biologie Halieutique, ZI Pointe du Diable - CS 10070, 29 280, Plouzané, France; Université de Brest - UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Laboratoire des sciences de l'environnement marin, IUEM, Rue Dumont D'Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France.
| | - Pablo Brosset
- Ifremer, Laboratoire de Biologie Halieutique, ZI Pointe du Diable - CS 10070, 29 280, Plouzané, France; Université de Brest - UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Laboratoire des sciences de l'environnement marin, IUEM, Rue Dumont D'Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France; ESE Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, Agrocampus Ouest, INRAE, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Soudant
- Université de Brest - UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Laboratoire des sciences de l'environnement marin, IUEM, Rue Dumont D'Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Christophe Lebigre
- Ifremer, Laboratoire de Biologie Halieutique, ZI Pointe du Diable - CS 10070, 29 280, Plouzané, France.
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Langa J, Huret M, Montes I, Conklin D, Estonba A. Transcriptomic dataset for Sardina pilchardus: Assembly, annotation, and expression of nine tissues. Data Brief 2021; 39:107583. [PMID: 34849383 PMCID: PMC8609138 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
European sardine or pilchard is a planktonic small pelagic fish present from the North Sea in Europe to the coast of Senegal in the North of Africa, and across the Mediterranean sea to the Black Sea. Ecologically, sardines are an intermediary link in the trophic network, preying on plankton and being predated by larger fishes, marine mammals, and seabirds. This species is of great nutritional and economic value as a cheap but rich source of protein and fat. It is either consumed directly by humans or fed as fishmeal for aquaculture and farm animals. Despite its importance in the food basket, little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in protein and lipid synthesis in this species. We collected nine tissues of Sardina pilchardus and reconstructed the transcriptome. In all, 198,597 transcripts were obtained, from which 68,031 are protein-coding. Quality assessment of the transcriptome was performed by back-mapping reads to the transcriptome and by searching for Single Copy Orthologs. Additionally, Gene Ontology and KEGG annotations were retrieved for most of the protein-coding genes. Finally, each library was quantified in terms of Transcripts per Million to disclose their expression patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Langa
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain
| | - Martin Huret
- IFREMER, STH/LBH, B.P. 70, Plouzané 29280 France
| | - Iratxe Montes
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain
| | - Darrell Conklin
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Computer Science, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Andone Estonba
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia 48940, Spain
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Daidj NBB, Lamri-Senhadji M. Hepatoprotective and Anti-Obesity Properties of Sardine By-Product Oil in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:285-295. [PMID: 34737989 PMCID: PMC8531423 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.3.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess lipid intake can trigger liver lipid accumulation and oxidative responses, which can lead to metabolic disturbances and contribute to hepatic steatosis and obesity and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Production of fish oil rich in omega-3 is a good opportunity for valorizing fish by-products in the therapeutic field. In this study, we explored the effects of oil from Sardina pilchardus by-products on cardiometabolic and oxidative disorders caused by toxic effects of excess lipids in obese rats. Three groups of obese rats received either 20% sardine by-product oil (SBy-Ob-HS; experimental group), 20% fillet oil (SF-Ob-HS; positive control group), or a high-fat diet (Ob-HS). Normal weight rats received a standard diet (normal). There was a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerols (TG), and insulin concentrations in the SBy-Ob-HS group compared with the SF-Ob-HS group. Compared with the Ob-HS group, TC and TG, glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, and insulinemia were decreased in the SBy-Ob-HS (more notably) and SF-Ob-HS groups. Furthermore, hepatic lipids, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (C), the non-esterified cholesterol/phos-pholipids ratio, serum transaminases activities and lipid peroxidation were lower and serum high density lipoproteins-C were higher in the SBy-Ob-HS and SF-Ob-HS groups compared with the Ob-HS group. Serum isoprostane concentrations were reduced in the SBy-Ob-HS (more notably) and SF-Ob-HS groups compared with the Ob-HS and normal groups. The activities of antioxidant enzymes in tissues were enhanced, particularly in the by-product oil group. The oil extracted from by-products demonstrate anti-obesity properties (hypolipemiant, hepatoprotective, antiatherogenic, antidiabetic, and antioxidant) that may be beneficial for the management of obesity and its complications, such as hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Boukhari Benahmed Daidj
- Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Oran 31100, Algeria.,Higher School of Biological Sciences of Oran (ESSBO), University Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran 31100, Algeria
| | - Myriem Lamri-Senhadji
- Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Oran 31100, Algeria
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Vieira M, Nunes B. Cholinesterases of marine fish: characterization and sensitivity towards specific chemicals. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:48595-48609. [PMID: 33913109 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of cholinesterases has been frequently used as a biomarker for contamination of aquatic environments, because these enzymes are frequent targets for toxic effects of contaminants, such as insecticides derived from phosphoric and carbamic acids. However, this enzyme is also responsive to other contaminants, including metals. The use of cholinesterase inhibition as effect criterion in ecotoxicology studies requires the previous characterization of the specific enzymatic forms that can be present in the different tissues and/or organs of species. This work characterized the soluble ChEs present in the brain and dorsal muscle of three marine fish species, namely Scomber scombrus, Sardina pilchardus and Chelidonichthys lucerna. Pesticides (chlorpyrifos) and metals (copper sulphate) in vitro assays were conducted to quantify the effects of these contaminants on cholinesterases activity. The results of this study showed that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was the predominant form present in the brain tissues of the three species and in the muscle tissue of one species (Sardina pilchardus). For Scomber scombrus and Chelidonichthys lucerna, the cholinesterase form present in the muscle tissue evidenced properties between the classic acetylcholinesterase and those of pseudocholinesterase forms. The results for the metal (copper) and pesticide (chlorpyrifos) showed that this species may be suitable for monitoring contaminations for these types of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena Vieira
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Gordó-Vilaseca C, Pennino MG, Albo-Puigserver M, Wolff M, Coll M. Modelling the spatial distribution of Sardina pilchardus and Engraulis encrasicolus spawning habitat in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Mar Environ Res 2021; 169:105381. [PMID: 34139650 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the main drivers of eggs and larvae distributions of European sardine and anchovy from the NW Mediterranean Sea. We used Generalized Additive Models and satellite environmental data. Mainly sea surface temperature, but also currents, surface height, and primary production were significantly correlated with both species' early stages distributions. Anchovy optimal temperature upper limit was not detected, but sardine eggs and larvae presented a small-ranged bell-shape curve relationship to SST with an upper SST threshold around 13 °C. Sardine spawning during winter appeared to be dependant not only on in-situ environmental conditions but also on summer conditions prior to the spawning event. Model predictions of the larval and spawning habitat distribution showed clear differences between developmental stages and between species, confirming a worsening of the sardine habitat with time. Considering the further increase of surface temperature predicted in the years to come, the survival of the sardine in the region could be compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesc Gordó-Vilaseca
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Grazia Pennino
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Subida a Radio Faro 50-52, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Marta Albo-Puigserver
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Matthias Wolff
- Leibniz Zentrum für Marine Tropenforschung, Fahrenheitstr. 8, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Marta Coll
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
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Šimat V, Hamed I, Petričević S, Bogdanović T. Seasonal Changes in Free Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Compositions of Sardines, Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792): Implications for Nutrition. Foods 2020; 9:E867. [PMID: 32630702 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to clarify the seasonal variation in the proximate composition of the free amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) profiles of the European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) from the Adriatic Sea and to better understand the nutritive value needed to organize more effective industrial processing, aquaculture use and to ensure the health benefits for consumers through available bioactive compounds such as omega-3 FA and essential AA. The lipid content ranged from 1.18 to 10.58% during the year, being the highest from July to September. For the first time, this paper reports the monthly variation in AA content in sardines. The highest total AA content was measured during the winter period, from January (843 mg/100 g fillet) to March (953 mg/100 g) with histidine, arginine and threonine being the most dominant. The total content of essential free AA (histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and lysine) ranged from 137 to 571 mg/100 g fillet (wet weight), recorded in May and March, respectively. The fatty acid profile analyses revealed the major saturated FA as palmitic (C16:0), followed by myristic (C14:0), and stearic (C18:0) acids, and the predominant monosaturated FA as oleic (C18:1n–9) and palmitoleic (C16:1n–7). The high concentrations of polyunsaturated FA in sardines were omega-3 FA, particularly eicosapentaenoic (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA; 20:6n-3) FA. From July to September, their content was the highest (>3.5 g/100 g of sardine fillets), confirming that these species are excellent sources of bioactive lipids.
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Chouvelon T, Strady E, Harmelin-Vivien M, Radakovitch O, Brach-Papa C, Crochet S, Knoery J, Rozuel E, Thomas B, Tronczynski J, Chiffoleau JF. Patterns of trace metal bioaccumulation and trophic transfer in a phytoplankton-zooplankton-small pelagic fish marine food web. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 146:1013-1030. [PMID: 31430843 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trace metal contamination in the European sardine and anchovy food web was investigated in the Gulf of Lions, NW Mediterranean Sea, including seawater and size fractions of plankton. The results highlighted: i) higher and more variable concentrations in the smaller plankton size classes for all metals except cadmium; ii) higher concentrations in anchovy versus sardine for all elements except lead; iii) different patterns of metal bioaccumulation through the food web: cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, lead and zinc displayed continuously decreasing concentrations (with the exception of increased zinc in fish only), while mercury concentrations dropped considerably in larger plankton size classes and rose significantly in fish. Lastly, cadmium concentrations were found to be highest in intermediate plankton size classes, with very low levels in fish. The need to efficiently characterize the biological composition of plankton in order to fully identify its role in the mobilization and transfer of metals was highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Chouvelon
- Ifremer, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France.
| | - Emilie Strady
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Marseille, Université de Toulon, CNRS /IRD, France
| | - Mireille Harmelin-Vivien
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Marseille, Université de Toulon, CNRS /IRD, France
| | - Olivier Radakovitch
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll. France, CEREGE, 13617 Aix-en-Provence, France; Institut de radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LRTA, BP3, 13115 Saint-Paul-Les-Durance, France
| | - Christophe Brach-Papa
- Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Provence Azur Corse, Zone portuaire de Brégaillon, CS 20330, 83507 La Seyne sur Mer Cedex, France
| | - Sylvette Crochet
- Ifremer, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Joël Knoery
- Ifremer, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Emmanuelle Rozuel
- Ifremer, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Bastien Thomas
- Ifremer, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Jacek Tronczynski
- Ifremer, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Jean-François Chiffoleau
- Ifremer, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
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Lefebvre C, Saraux C, Heitz O, Nowaczyk A, Bonnet D. Microplastics FTIR characterisation and distribution in the water column and digestive tracts of small pelagic fish in the Gulf of Lions. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 142:510-519. [PMID: 31232331 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at quantifying and characterising microplastics (MP) distribution in the water column of the NW Mediterranean Sea as well as MP ingestion by the 2 main planktivorous fish of the area, sardine and anchovy. Debris of similar sizes were found in all water column samples and in all but 2 fish guts (out of 169). MP were found in 93% of water column samples with an average concentration of 0.23 ± 0.20 MP·m-3, but in only 12% of sardines (0.20 ± 0.69 MP·ind-1) and 11% of anchovies (0.11 ± 0.31 MP·ind-1). Fibres were the only shape of MP encountered and polyethylene terephthalate was the main polymer identified in water columns (61%), sardines (71%) and anchovies (89%). This study confirms the ubiquity of MP in the Mediterranean Sea and imparts low occurrence in fish digestive tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Lefebvre
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, Ifremer, IRD, CNRS, 34200 Sète, France; MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, Ifremer, IRD, CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France.
| | - Claire Saraux
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, Ifremer, IRD, CNRS, 34200 Sète, France
| | - Olivier Heitz
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Montpellier-Sète, Université de Montpellier, 34200 Sète, France
| | - Antoine Nowaczyk
- Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, 33400 Talence, France; CNRS, EPOC, UMR 5805, 33400 Talence, France
| | - Delphine Bonnet
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, Ifremer, IRD, CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France
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Villasante J, Girbal M, Metón I, Almajano MP. Effects of Pecan Nut ( Carya illinoiensis) and Roselle Flower ( Hibiscus sabdariffa) as Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents for Sardines ( Sardina pilchardus). Molecules 2018; 24:E85. [PMID: 30591660 PMCID: PMC6337500 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of pecan nut (Carya illinoinensis) and roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa) as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents on shelf life extension of sardines (Sardina pilchardus) were evaluated over a period of 5 days at 7 ± 1 °C. Treatments consisted of the addition of 5% and 10% w/w pecan nut, 5% w/w roselle flower and a combination of 5% of each. Physicochemical (lipid oxidation, fatty acids, hexanal and biogenic amines), sensory and microbiological characteristics of fish samples were periodically analyzed. All treatments effectively improved physicochemical quality parameters, with 10% w/w pecan nut having the highest effectiveness. The presence of roselle flower reduced microbial growth. Our findings suggest that addition of a natural preservative combining pecan nut and roselle flower may extend the shelf life of fresh sardines during chilled storage while maintaining quality indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Villasante
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av.Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marina Girbal
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av.Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Isidoro Metón
- Department de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona. Av. de Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - María Pilar Almajano
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av.Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Primo AL, Correia C, Marques SC, Martinho F, Leandro S, Pardal M. Trophic links and nutritional condition of fish early life stages in a temperate estuary. Mar Environ Res 2018; 133:78-84. [PMID: 29246690 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The physiological and nutritional condition of fish larvae affect their survival and thus, the success of estuaries as nursery areas. Fatty acid composition has been useful to determine fish nutritional condition, as well as trophic relationships in marine organisms. The present study analyses the fatty acid (FA) composition of fish larvae during spring and summer in the Mondego estuary, Portugal. FA composition, trophic markers (FATM) and fish nutritional condition was analysed for Gobiidae and Sardina pilchardus larvae and the relationships with the local environment evaluated. Results showed that both taxa differed mainly in the stearic acid (C18:0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content, with important amounts in Gobiidae and S. pilchardus, respectively. Gobiidae larvae presenting high nutritional condition and omnivore FATM. Fatty acid composition seems to be related with their natural habitat selection and food availability, while fish larvae nutritional condition also showed a strong link with the water temperature and presence of potential predators. This study suggests that FA composition can be a useful tool in assessing planktonic trophic relationships and in identifying species natural habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lígia Primo
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Correia
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Escola Superior de Turismo e Tecnologia do Mar e Instituto Politecnico de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sónia Cotrim Marques
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Escola Superior de Turismo e Tecnologia do Mar e Instituto Politecnico de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal;; IPMA - Portuguese Sea and Atmosphere Institute, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipe Martinho
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Leandro
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Escola Superior de Turismo e Tecnologia do Mar e Instituto Politecnico de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Miguel Pardal
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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Faleiro F, Pimentel M, Pegado MR, Bispo R, Lopes AR, Diniz MS, Rosa R. Small pelagics in a changing ocean: biological responses of sardine early stages to warming. Conserv Physiol 2016; 4:cow017. [PMID: 27293764 PMCID: PMC4896356 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cow017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Small pelagic fishes are known to respond rapidly to changes in ocean climate. In this study, we evaluate the effects of future environmental warming (+2°C) during the early ontogeny of the European sardine, Sardina pilchardus. Warming reduced the survival of 30-day-old larvae by half. Length at hatching increased with temperature as expected, but no significant effect was observed on the length and growth at 30 days post-hatching. Warming did not significantly affect the thermal tolerance of sardine larvae, even though the mean lethal temperature increased by 1°C. In the warm conditions, sardine larvae showed signs of thermal stress, indicated by a pronounced increase in larval metabolism (Q 10 = 7.9) and a 45% increase in the heat shock response. Lipid peroxidation was not significantly affected by the higher temperature, even though the mean value doubled. Warming did not affect the time larvae spent swimming, but decreased by 36% the frequency of prey attacks. Given the key role of these small pelagics in the trophic dynamics off the Western Iberian upwelling ecosystem, the negative effects of warming on the early stages may have important implications for fish recruitment and ecosystem structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Faleiro
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, Cascais 2750-374, Portugal
| | - Marta Pimentel
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, Cascais 2750-374, Portugal
- Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar 2, Porto 4099-003, Portugal
| | - Maria Rita Pegado
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, Cascais 2750-374, Portugal
| | - Regina Bispo
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, Lisboa 1149-041, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Lopes
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, Cascais 2750-374, Portugal
| | - Mário S. Diniz
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Rui Rosa
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, Cascais 2750-374, Portugal
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Falco F, Barra M, Cammarata M, Cuttitta A, Jia S, Bonanno A, Mazzola S, Wu G. Amino acid composition in eyes from zebrafish (Danio rerio) and sardine ( Sardina pilchardus) at the larval stage. SpringerPlus 2016; 5:519. [PMID: 27186483 PMCID: PMC4844574 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study was performed to identify differences in the amino acid composition of the eyes from zebrafish (Danio rerio) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) larvae and their link to the environmental adaption of the species. Amino acids in the acidic hydrolysates of eyes from 11 zebrafish and 12 sardine were determined with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography involving precolumn derivatization with ortho-phthalaldehyde. Differences in the content of most amino acids were detected between zebrafish and sardine. These amino acids were aspartate, glutamate, serine, glycine, threonine, arginine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine and lysine. Of particular note, the percentage of methionine in zebrafish eyes was much higher than that in sardine, whereas the opposite was observed for glutamate and glycine. These results indicate that zebrafish and sardine likely have experienced differences in adaptation to environmental changes. We suggest that the amino acid composition of eyes represents a powerful tool to discriminate between species characterized by different lifestyle and inhabiting different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Falco
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy ; Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Marco Barra
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy
| | - Matteo Cammarata
- Marine Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Chemical, Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela Cuttitta
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy
| | - Sichao Jia
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Angelo Bonanno
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy
| | - Salvatore Mazzola
- Detached Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Capo Granitola (TP), Italy
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
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Rumolo P, Bonanno A, Barra M, Fanelli E, Calabrò M, Genovese S, Ferreri R, Mazzola S, Basilone G. Spatial variations in feeding habits and trophic levels of two small pelagic fish species in the central Mediterranean Sea. Mar Environ Res 2016; 115:65-77. [PMID: 26895386 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Trophic ecology of adults of European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) was examined and compared among various regions of central Mediterranean Sea. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses (δ(13)C and δ(15)N) were adopted as a tool to determine changes in feeding behaviour of adults of sardines and anchovies. In the study period (summer) a clear geographical pattern was recognized in the isotopic composition of both species, with an increasing trend northward. The highest variations in isotopic signal were linked to the geographical positions of the samples and, especially, between pairs of areas: South Sicily/South Campania and Gulf of Gaeta/South Elba. Higher isotope values were found in the anchovies and sardines caught in northern Tyrrhenian Sea, while lower values were mostly estimated in the southern region. Higher carbon and nitrogen isotopes may reflect a more coastal behaviour of both species, being (13)C-enriched source from benthic primary producers in addition to phytoplankton. Variations in the nitrogen isotope ratio may reflect not only differences in the trophic level of prey species, but also variations in the baseline level of food webs. Our results support the hypothesis that feeding behaviour of both species is directly or indirectly influenced by local factors, or by resource partitioning based on zooplankton size. Findings can supply knowledge needed for improving fish stock management and promoting plans able to take into account also local ecosystem analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rumolo
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Calata Porta di Massa, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - A Bonanno
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy.
| | - M Barra
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Calata Porta di Massa, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - E Fanelli
- ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, Santa Teresa Pozzuolo di Lerici, 19100, La Spezia, Italy
| | - M Calabrò
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - R Ferreri
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - S Mazzola
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - G Basilone
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
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Albaina A, Aguirre M, Abad D, Santos M, Estonba A. 18S rRNA V9 metabarcoding for diet characterization: a critical evaluation with two sympatric zooplanktivorous fish species. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:1809-24. [PMID: 27087935 PMCID: PMC4801955 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of the 18S rRNA V9 metabarcoding approach for diet assessment was explored using MiSeq paired‐end (PE; 2 × 150 bp) technology. To critically evaluate the method′s performance with degraded/digested DNA, the diets of two zooplanktivorous fish species from the Bay of Biscay, European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and European sprat (Sprattus sprattus), were analysed. The taxonomic resolution and quantitative potential of the 18S V9 metabarcoding was first assessed both in silico and with mock and field plankton samples. Our method was capable of discriminating species within the reference database in a reliable way providing there was at least one variable position in the 18S V9 region. Furthermore, it successfully discriminated diet between both fish species, including habitat and diel differences among sardines, overcoming some of the limitations of traditional visual‐based diet analysis methods. The high sensitivity and semi‐quantitative nature of the 18S V9 metabarcoding approach was supported by both visual microscopy and qPCR‐based results. This molecular approach provides an alternative cost and time effective tool for food‐web analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Albaina
- Laboratory of Genetics Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Leioa 48940 Spain
| | - Mikel Aguirre
- Laboratory of Genetics Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Leioa 48940 Spain
| | - David Abad
- Laboratory of Genetics Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Leioa 48940 Spain
| | - María Santos
- Marine Research Division AZTI Tecnalia Herrera Kaia Portualdea z/g P.O. Box 20110 Pasaia Gipuzkoa Spain
| | - Andone Estonba
- Laboratory of Genetics Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology & Animal Physiology University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Leioa 48940 Spain
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Djenane D. Chemical Profile, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Algerian Citrus Essential Oils and Their Application in Sardina pilchardus. Foods 2015; 4:208-28. [PMID: 28231199 DOI: 10.3390/foods4020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stored fish are frequently contaminated by foodborne pathogens. Lipid oxidation and microbial growth during storage are also important factors in the shelf-life of fresh fish. In order to ensure the safety of fish items, there is a need for control measures which are effective through natural inhibitory antimicrobials. It is also necessary to determine the efficacy of these products for fish protection against oxidative damage, to avoid deleterious changes and loss of commercial and nutritional value. Some synthetic chemicals used as preservatives have been reported to cause harmful effects to the environment and the consumers. The present investigation reports on the extraction by hydrodistillation and the chemical composition of three citrus peel essential oils (EOs): orange (Citrus sinensis L.), lemon (Citrus limonum L.) and bergamot (Citrus aurantium L.) from Algeria. Yields for EOs were between 0.50% and 0.70%. The chemical composition of these EOs was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that the studied oils are made up mainly of limonene (77.37%) for orange essential oil (EO); linalyl acetate (37.28%), linalool (23.36%), for bergamot EO; and finally limonene (51.39%), β-pinene (17.04%) and γ-terpinene (13.46%) for lemon EO. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the EOs was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) using the agar diffusion technique. Results revealed that lemon EO had more antibacterial effects than that from other EOs. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) showed a range of 0.25–0.40 μL/mL. Lemon and bergamot citrus peel EOs were added at 1 × MIC and 4 × MIC values to Sardina pilchardus (S. pilchardus) experimentally inoculated with S. aureus at a level of 3.5 log10 CFU/g and stored at 8 ± 1 °C. The results obtained revealed that the 4 × MIC value of bergamot reduced completely the growth of S. aureus from day 2 until the end of storage. The presence of EOs significantly extended lipid stability. Samples treated with bergamot EO displayed greater antioxidant activity than lemon EO. In fact, the oxidation rate is inversely proportional to the concentration of EO. At 1 × MIC and 4 × MIC values of bergamot EO, the levels of malonaldehyde compared to the control samples were 1.66 and 1.28 mg malonaldehyde/kg at the end of storage, corresponding to inhibition percentages of 42.76% and 55.87%, respectively. These results suggest the possibility that citrus EOs could be used as a way of combating the growth of common causes of food poisoning and used as potent natural preservatives to contribute to the reduction of lipid oxidation in sardines.
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Ananou S, Zentar H, Martínez-Bueno M, Gálvez A, Maqueda M, Valdivia E. The impact of enterocin AS-48 on the shelf-life and safety of sardines ( Sardina pilchardus) under different storage conditions. Food Microbiol 2014; 44:185-95. [PMID: 25084662 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of enterocin AS-48, packaged under normal atmosphere (NA), vacuum (VP) or modified atmosphere (MAP) on the shelf life and safety of fresh sardines (Sardina pilchardus) stored at 5 °C. We studied the effect of these hurdles, alone or combined, on the relevant autochthonous bacterial populations. Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content was used as indicative of freshness. Levels of biogenic amines cadaverine, putrescine, tyramine, and histamine were also determined. The application of AS-48 did not reduce the mesophilic, psychrotrophic, or Gram negative bacteria viable cell counts under any of the storage conditions tested. AS-48 did cause significant reductions in viable staphylococci counts, especially under VP. In sardines under NA treated with AS-48, the populations of histamine- and tyramine-forming total and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) showed no significant reductions. MAP or VP with AS-48 allowed reductions (significant at some storage times) in histamine- and tyramine-forming LAB. The TVB-N content was also reduced under normal atmosphere and, especially, in sardines stored under MAP. The most interesting results are those concerning the decrease (by several fold) in the levels of the biogenic amines cadaverine, putrescine, tyramine, and histamine determined after treatment with AS-48.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ananou
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Fuente Nueva s/n, 19071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - H Zentar
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - M Martínez-Bueno
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Fuente Nueva s/n, 19071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - A Gálvez
- Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Paraje Las Lagunillas, Jaén, Spain
| | - M Maqueda
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Fuente Nueva s/n, 19071 Granada, Spain
| | - E Valdivia
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Fuente Nueva s/n, 19071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Santos MB, González-Quirós R, Riveiro I, Iglesias M, Louzao M, Pierce GJ. Characterization of the pelagic fish community of the north-western and northern Spanish shelf waters. J Fish Biol 2013; 83:716-738. [PMID: 24090545 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the utility of trawl data, collected during acoustic surveys of pelagic fish stocks as a way of confirming fish identification, to characterize the pelagic community, as well as allowing description and prediction of fish distribution patterns, based on data from Spanish Atlantic Ocean shelf surveys during spring 2005-2011. The composition of the pelagic community is described, as well as spatial and temporal patterns of variation in both the community composition and the presence and importance of two of the main exploited pelagic species, sardine Sardina pilchardus and anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus. The most important species in terms of both frequency of occurrence and standardized mass in hauls were mackerel Scomber scombrus, hake Merluccius merluccius, horse mackerel Trachurus trachurus, S. pilchardus and bogue Boops boops. Multivariate analysis indicated significant effects of depth, geographical area and year on haul composition. Descriptive generalized additive models (GAM), with latitude, longitude and depth as predictors, identified clear spatial patterns in the occurrence and abundance of both S. pilchardus and E. encrasicolus, with abundance being highest closer to the coast and, in the case of E. encrasicolus, higher near the French and Portuguese borders. Further GAM analysis, using environmental variables to explain spatial patterns, revealed significant effects of depth and sea surface temperature (SST) gradient and depth on S. pilchardus importance, while E. encrasicolus importance was related to SST. The importance of both species in hauls was higher in the years of higher spawning stock biomass (SSB) and E. encrasicolus also appeared to expand its range when SSB was higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Santos
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C. O. Vigo, P. O. Box 1552, 36280, Vigo, Spain; Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Main Street, Newburgh, Aberdeenshire, AB41 6AA, U.K
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Besbes N, Fattouch S, Sadok S. Comparison of methods in the recovery and amplificability of DNA from fresh and processed sardine and anchovy muscle tissues. Food Chem 2011; 129:665-671. [PMID: 30634284 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An important condition for a successful PCR amplification is an efficient DNA-extraction procedure out of a complex biological matrix such as canned fish. In this study we compared six extraction methods, including commercial kit, in terms of DNA yield, purity and time requirement. Such methods were applied to distinguish small pelagic fish species (Sardina pilchardus and Engraulisencrasicolus) among commercial canned products. The quantity and quality of DNA extracted were evaluated using the ratio A260/A280. Data were submitted to principal component analysis (PCA) in order to assess the differences between PCR results of fresh and processed anchovy and sardine muscles. Two main PC characterised the PCR of sardine and anchovy (70% and 69% of all variance): principal component 1 (PC1) (4% and 60%) and principal component 2 PC2 (66.0% and 9%) for sardine and anchovy, respectively. According to the PC1, the PCI/SDS and Chelex extractions (in decreasing order) were positively correlated with results of PCR for both species. Statistical results confirmed that the quality of DNA, with the highest amplicon length obtained from the fresh and the different canned fish, was best preserved using the SDS/PCI precipitation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Besbes
- Marine Biodiversity and Biotechnology Laboratory, Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), Tunisia
| | - Sami Fattouch
- Laboratoire de Génie Biologique, Institut National des Sciences Appliqués et de Technologies (INSAT), Tunisia
| | - Saloua Sadok
- Marine Biodiversity and Biotechnology Laboratory, Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), Tunisia.
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