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Kakarelidou M, Christopoulos P, Conides A, Kalogianni DP, Christopoulos TK. Fish DNA Sensors for Authenticity Assessment-Application to Sardine Species Identification. Molecules 2024; 29:677. [PMID: 38338421 PMCID: PMC10856316 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Food and fish adulteration is a major public concern worldwide. Apart from economic fraud, health issues are in the forefront mainly due to severe allergies. Sardines are one of the most vulnerable-to-adulteration fish species due to their high nutritional value. Adulteration comprises the substitution of one fish species with similar species of lower nutritional value and lower cost. The detection of adulteration, especially in processed fish products, is very challenging because the morphological characteristics of the tissues change, making identification by the naked eye very difficult. Therefore, new analytical methods and (bio)sensors that provide fast analysis with high specificity, especially between closely related fish species, are in high demand. DNA-based methods are considered as important analytical tools for food adulteration detection. In this context, we report the first DNA sensors for sardine species identification. The sensing principle involves species recognition, via short hybridization of PCR-amplified sequences with specific probes, capture in the test zone of the sensor, and detection by the naked eye using gold nanoparticles as reporters; thus, avoiding the need for expensive instruments. As low as 5% adulteration of Sardina pilchardus with Sardinella aurita was detected with high reproducibility in the processed mixtures simulating canned fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Kakarelidou
- Analytical/Bioanalytical Chemistry & Nanotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Panagiotis Christopoulos
- Analytical/Bioanalytical Chemistry & Nanotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Alexis Conides
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute for Marine Biological Resources, 46.7 km Athens-Sounion, Anavyssos, 19013 Attika, Greece;
| | - Despina P. Kalogianni
- Analytical/Bioanalytical Chemistry & Nanotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Theodore K. Christopoulos
- Analytical/Bioanalytical Chemistry & Nanotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.K.); (P.C.)
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Platani, 26504 Patras, Greece
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Bauer AB, de Rezende CE, Weigert S, Fischer LG, Almeida MG, Arueira TD, Molisani MM. Assessment of Human Health Risk of Metal(Loid) Content in Brazilian Sardine Along the Southwestern Atlantic. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2023; 110:86. [PMID: 37099194 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03723-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The Brazilian sardine (Sardinella aurita) is an important food resource found in the subtropical Southwestern Atlantic Continental Shelf (CSSWA), but limited information about its metal(loid) concentrations is available, restricting effective risk assessment by its consumption. On this research, we hypothesized that S. aurita presents different metal(loid) concentrations within a latitudinal gradient in the CSSWA (northern and southern sectors). We also assessed the S. aurita consumption contamination risk in both sectors of the CSSWA. The results indicated that S. aurita might present different chemical and contamination profiles between the observed sectors, with highlights to As, Cr, and Fe at greater levels than the safety limits established by regulatory agencies. Such finds could be explained by urbanization, industrialization, continental and oceanographic processes along the CSSWA, corroborating our hypothesis for most observed metals(loid). On the other hand, our risk assessment analysis of metal(loid) concentrations did not indicate hazards for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur B Bauer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação, Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, RJ, CEP: 27965-045, Brazil.
| | - Carlos E de Rezende
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Stefan Weigert
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Pesqueira e Hidroacústica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano G Fischer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação, Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, RJ, CEP: 27965-045, Brazil
| | - Marcelo G Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Théo D Arueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação, Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, RJ, CEP: 27965-045, Brazil
| | - Mauricio M Molisani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação, Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, RJ, CEP: 27965-045, Brazil
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Ramdani S, Ramdane Z, Slamovits CH, Trilles JP. G lugea sp. infecting Sardinella aurita in Algeria. J Parasit Dis 2022; 46:672-685. [PMID: 36091289 PMCID: PMC9458822 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-022-01483-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitological examination of the commercially important pelagic fish Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847 (Clupeidae) from the Eastern coast of Algeria revealed xenomas in the peritoneal cavity, suggesting a microsporidian infection. The prevalence of the disease was approximately 30% on average, higher in smaller individuals and showing significant seasonal variation. The xenomas contained numerous ellipsoidal spores, surrounded by a dense layer of connective tissue. Spore sizes were 6.10 ± 0.38 µm length and 3.54 ± 0.43 µm width. Ultrastructural examination by transmission electron microscopy showed various development stages of the parasite, including meronts, sporonts, sporoblasts and mature spores. The internal organization of the mature spores, with a single nucleus, prominent posterior vacuole, a lamellar polaroplast and an isofilar polar tube arranged in a single row, was typical of the genus Glugea. The DNA sequence of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene confirmed that this parasite belongs to the genus Glugea. Genetic and morphologic comparison with G. sardinellensis, a species previously described in the same host from Tunisia shows many similarities, although some molecular and morphometric inconsistencies precluded the unambiguous assignment of our samples to G. sardinellensis. At the same time, we do not find sufficient grounds to erect a new taxon for our parasite. We discuss the implications of our findings for the current state of the systematics of Glugea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhila Ramdani
- Laboratoire de Zoologie Appliquée et d’Ecophysiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaïa, Algeria
| | - Zouhir Ramdane
- Laboratoire de Zoologie Appliquée et d’Ecophysiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaïa, Algeria
| | - Claudio H. Slamovits
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Comparative Genomics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Trilles
- UMR 5119 (CNRS-UM2-IRD-UM1-IFREMER), Équipe Adaptation Écophysiologique Et Ontogenèse, Université de Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
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Annabi A, El Mouadeb R, Herrel A. Distinctive accumulation patterns of heavy metals in Sardinella aurita (Clupeidae) and Mugil cephalus (Mugilidae) tissues. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:2623-2629. [PMID: 29130131 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study assessed the impact of metal pollution on two widely consumed types of wild fish Sardinella aurita and Mugil cephalus captured from the Gulf of Gabes (Tunisia) which is currently experiencing acute environmental problems. A study of the Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb levels present in the studied site and vital in fish tissues (gills, liver, gonad, and muscle) was undertaken. As expected, muscle, liver, and gonad tissues contained the highest concentrations of all metals except for Zn. The metal levels showed a significant variation of accumulation between species with overall effects of the tested tissues. In addition, the results address the significant effects of the species/tissue interaction. Liver sections showed structural alterations consisting mainly of a significant desquamation of the tissue, a fibroblast proliferation, and a lipid droplet accumulation in both species. Additionally, the presence of skeletal abnormalities affecting the vertebral column was observed in the M. cephalus specimens. As a whole, our data provide the first evidence of distinctive metal accumulation patterns in vital fish tissues as well as the interspecific difference that can be correlated with the biological habits of the two selected models, S. aurita and M. cephalus, known respectively as pelagic and benthopelagic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Annabi
- Ecologie de la faune terrestre UR17ES44, Département des Sciences de la vie, Faculté des Sciences de Gabès, Université de Gabès, Gabès, Tunisia.
| | - Rahma El Mouadeb
- Ecologie de la faune terrestre UR17ES44, Département des Sciences de la vie, Faculté des Sciences de Gabès, Université de Gabès, Gabès, Tunisia
| | - Anthony Herrel
- Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité, UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, Case Postale 55, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
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Baali A, Bourassi H, Falah S, Abderrazik W, Manchih K, Amenzoui K, Yahyaoui A. Reproductive Biology of Sardinella sp. ( Sardinella aurita and Sardinella maderensis) in the South of Morocco. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 20:165-178. [PMID: 29023073 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2017.165.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Sardinella sp. has gained much attention lately because of its biomass increase, which might be the result of climatic changes occurring across the Atlantic sea. Little information is known about reproduction of these species particularly in the Moroccan Atlantic area. The objective of the this study was to explore some aspects of the reproductive biology of Sardinella in the South of Atlantic Moroccan coast. MATERIALS AND METHODS Monthly samples were collected during the period between February, 2015 and January, 2016 in the area between Cape Boujdor and Cape Blanc. The data collected concerned the measure of the total length, the weight, the gonad weight as well as the sex and maturity stages. The χ2 test was used to compare the differences between both sexes and the ANOVA test was adopted to analyze the data variation. RESULTS Sardinella sp. is a gonochoristic fish. The overall female to male ratio was not statistically different for both species (χ2 = 0.68 for Sardinella aurita and χ2 = 1.04 for Sardinella maderensis), although it varied seasonally and according to the length of the fish. The monthly changes in the gonadosomatic index and the macroscopic characteristics of gonads showed that round Sardinella in the South of Morocco spawns between February and July and between November and December with a spawning peak on April. For the flat Sardinella, it spawns between February and March and in July with a spawning peak on July. Females round Sardinella reach first sexual maturity at a smaller size than males (26.17 and 26.78 cm, respectively). Concerning the flat Sardinella, it was the opposite. Males reaching sexual maturity are smaller than females (20.75 and 21.76 cm, respectively). CONCLUSION It is concluded that the size at first maturity revealed that mature females in the South of Moroccan Atlantic Ocean were smaller than males for the round Sardinella and the opposite was observed for the flat Sardinella. The spawning of S. aurita presented a pick in April and for S. maderensis in July. As a shared stock these findings will be used for stock assessment in the North West Africa area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Baali
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hajar Bourassi
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samira Falah
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Wahbi Abderrazik
- Laboratory of Environment and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Science Ain Chock, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Khalid Manchih
- Fishery Research National Institute, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Ahmed Yahyaoui
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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Jemil I, Abdelhedi O, Nasri R, Mora L, Jridi M, Aristoy MC, Toldrá F, Nasri M. Novel bioactive peptides from enzymatic hydrolysate of Sardinelle ( Sardinella aurita) muscle proteins hydrolysed by Bacillus subtilis A26 proteases. Food Res Int 2017; 100:121-133. [PMID: 28873670 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Sardinelle protein hydrolysate (SPH), prepared by treatment with Bacillus subtilis A26 proteases, was found to exhibit antibacterial, antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activities. SPH, with a degree of hydrolysis of 4%, was fractionated by size exclusion chromatography on a Sephadex G-25 into five major fractions (F1-F5). F2, which exhibited the highest antibacterial and ACE-inhibitory activities, and F4, which exhibited the highest antibacterial and antioxidant activities, were further fractionated by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and then analysed using nano-ESI-LC-MS/MS to identify the sequences of peptides. Eight peptides were identified in the sub-fraction F2-A, nine peptides in the sub-fraction F4-B, and 45 peptides in F4-C. Identified peptides were found to share sequences with previously described bioactive peptides based on Biopep database. The results of this study suggest that SPH is a good source of natural bioactive peptides. Hence, it can be used as a potential ingredient in nutraceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Jemil
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, B.P. 1173-3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Ola Abdelhedi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, B.P. 1173-3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rim Nasri
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, B.P. 1173-3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Leticia Mora
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mourad Jridi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, B.P. 1173-3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Maria-Concepción Aristoy
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fidel Toldrá
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, B.P. 1173-3038, Sfax, Tunisia
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