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Mazzotta S, Rositano V, Senaldi L, Bernardi A, Allegrini P, Appendino G. Scalemic natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1647-1671. [PMID: 37439042 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00014a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2022The area of scalemic natural products is often enigmatic from a mechanistic standpoint, since low optical purity is observed in compounds having multiple contiguous stereogenic centers resulting from mechanistically distinct biogenetic steps. A scalemic state is rarely the result of a sloppy enzymatic activity, rather resulting from the expression of antipodal enzymes/directing proteins or from the erosion of optical purity by enzymatic or spontaneous reactions. Evidence for these processes is critically reviewed, identifying the mechanisms most often associated to the enzymatic generation of scalemic natural products and also discussing analytical exploitations of natural products' scalemicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mazzotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rositano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Indena SpA, Via Don Minzoni 6, 20049 Settala, MI, Italy
| | - Luca Senaldi
- Indena SpA, Via Don Minzoni 6, 20049 Settala, MI, Italy
| | - Anna Bernardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy.
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Sharapov AD, Fatykhov RF, Khalymbadzha IA, Zyryanov GV, Chupakhin ON, Tsurkan MV. Plant Coumarins with Anti-HIV Activity: Isolation and Mechanisms of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032839. [PMID: 36769163 PMCID: PMC9917851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes and systematizes the literature on the anti-HIV activity of plant coumarins with emphasis on isolation and the mechanism of their antiviral action. This review summarizes the information on the anti-HIV properties of simple coumarins as well as annulated furano- and pyranocoumarins and shows that coumarins of plant origin can act by several mechanisms: inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase and integrase, inhibition of cellular factors that regulate HIV-1 replication, and transmission of viral particles from infected macrophages to healthy ones. It is important to note that some pyranocoumarins are able to act through several mechanisms or bind to several sites, which ensures the resistance of these compounds to HIV mutations. Here we review the last two decades of research on the anti-HIV activity of naturally occurring coumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainur D. Sharapov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Ramil F. Fatykhov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Igor A. Khalymbadzha
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Grigory V. Zyryanov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Oleg N. Chupakhin
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail V. Tsurkan
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, 01005 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Benalia A, Abdeldjebar H, Badji TE. Computational Docking Study of Calanolides as Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease. FRENCH-UKRAINIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.17721/fujcv10i1p48-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the nationwide effort provided to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, we have yet to approve a specific antiviral treatment against the SARS-CoV-2. We have studied the molecular interactions between two anti-HIV-1 natural drugs, +(-) calanolide A and -(-) calanolide B, and the active site of 3CLpro through a computational docking method. Our promising results show that the two compounds of this study are potential inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro through strong binding to its catalytic dyad. Considering its progress in clinical trials as an anti-HIV-1 treatment, we suggest that +(-) calanolide A is a good candidate for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Natural Products with Inhibitory Activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. Adv Virol 2021; 2021:5552088. [PMID: 34194504 PMCID: PMC8181102 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5552088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are considered one of the main public health problems worldwide. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the current modality of treatment for HIV-1 infection. It comprises the combined use of several drugs and can decrease the viral load and increase the CD4+ T cell count in patients with HIV-1 infection, thereby proving to be an effective modality. This therapy significantly decreases the rate of morbidity and mortality owing to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and prolongs and improves the quality of life of infected patients. However, nonadherence to ART may increase viral resistance to antiretroviral drugs and transmission of drug-resistant strains of HIV. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research for compounds with anti-HIV-1 activity, exhibiting a potential for the development of an alternative or complementary therapy to ART with low cost and fewer side effects. Natural products and their derivatives represent an excellent option owing to their therapeutic potential against HIV. Currently, the derivatives of natural products available as anti-HIV-1 agents include zidovudine, an arabinonucleoside derivative of the Caribbean marine sponge (Tectitethya crypta), which inhibits the reverse transcriptase of the virus. This was the first antiviral agent approved for treatment of HIV infection. Additionally, bevirimat (isolated from Syzygium claviflorum) and calanolide A (isolated from Calophyllum sp.) are inhibitors of viral maturation and reverse transcription process, respectively. In the present review, we aimed to describe the wide repertoire of natural compounds exhibiting anti-HIV-1 activity that can be considered for designing new therapeutic strategies to curb the HIV pandemic.
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Kumar D, Sharma P, Shabu, Kaur R, Lobe MMM, Gupta GK, Ntie-Kang F. In search of therapeutic candidates for HIV/AIDS: rational approaches, design strategies, structure-activity relationship and mechanistic insights. RSC Adv 2021; 11:17936-17964. [PMID: 35480193 PMCID: PMC9033207 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10655k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV/AIDS pandemic is a serious threat to the health and development of mankind, which has affected about 37.9 million people worldwide. The increasing negative health, economic and social impacts of this disease have led to the search for new therapeutic candidates for the mitigation of AIDS/HIV. However, to date, there is still no treatment that can cure this disease. Furthermore, the clinically available drugs have numerous severe side effects. Hence, the synthesis of novel agents from natural leads is one of the rational approaches to obtain new drugs in modern medicinal chemistry. This review article is an effort to summarize recent developments with regards to the discovery of novel analogs with promising biological potential against HIV/AIDS. Herein, we also aim to discuss prospective directions on the progress of more credible and specific analogues. Besides presenting design strategies, the present communication also highlights the structure-activity relationship together with the structural features of the most promising molecules, their IC50 values, mechanistic insights and some interesting key findings revealed during their biological evaluation. The interactions with the amino acid residues of the enzymes responsible for HIV-1 inhibition are also discussed. This collection will be of great interest for researchers working in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- Sri Sai College of Pharmacy Manawala Amritsar-143001 Punjab India +91-9988902489
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Sri Sai College of Pharmacy Manawala Amritsar-143001 Punjab India +91-9988902489
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University Patiala India
| | - Shabu
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM) Canal Road Jammu 180001 India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Sri Sai College of Pharmacy Manawala Amritsar-143001 Punjab India +91-9988902489
| | - Maloba M M Lobe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea P. O. Box 63 Buea Cameroon +237 685625811
| | - Girish K Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Sai College of Pharmacy Badhani Pathankot-145001 Punjab India
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea P. O. Box 63 Buea Cameroon +237 685625811
- Institute for Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany +49 3455525043
- Institute of Botany, Technical University of Dresden Zellescher Weg 20b 01062 Dresden Germany
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Nahar L, Talukdar AD, Nath D, Nath S, Mehan A, Ismail FMD, Sarker SD. Naturally Occurring Calanolides: Occurrence, Biosynthesis, and Pharmacological Properties Including Therapeutic Potential. Molecules 2020; 25:E4983. [PMID: 33126458 PMCID: PMC7663239 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calanolides are tetracyclic 4-substituted dipyranocoumarins. Calanolide A, isolated from the leaves and twigs of Calophyllum lanigerum var. austrocoriaceum (Whitmore) P. F. Stevens, is the first member of this group of compounds with anti-HIV-1 activity mediated by reverse transcriptase inhibition. Calanolides are classified pharmacologically as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI). There are at least 15 naturally occurring calanolides distributed mainly within the genus Calophyllum, but some of them are also present in the genus Clausena. Besides significant anti-HIV properties, which have been exploited towards potential development of new NNRTIs for anti-HIV therapy, calanolides have also been found to possess anticancer, antimicrobial and antiparasitic potential. This review article provides a comprehensive update on all aspects of naturally occurring calanolides, including their chemistry, natural occurrence, biosynthesis, pharmacological and toxicological aspects including mechanism of action and structure activity relationships, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic potentials and available patents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutfun Nahar
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Anupam Das Talukdar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India;
| | - Deepa Nath
- Department of Botany, Gurucharan College, Silchar, Assam 788004, India;
| | - Sushmita Nath
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK; (S.N.); (F.M.D.)
| | - Aman Mehan
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OSP, UK;
| | - Fyaz M. D. Ismail
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK; (S.N.); (F.M.D.)
| | - Satyajit D. Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK; (S.N.); (F.M.D.)
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Ianni F, Cerra B, Shandiz ST, Michele AD, Saluti G, Galarini R, Gioiello A, Sardella R, Carotti A. Integrating experimental and computational techniques to study chromatographic enantioresolutions of chiral tetrahydroindazole derivatives. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1625:461310. [PMID: 32709352 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
With the selection of partially saturated 2H-indazoles as model compounds, we demonstrate the possibility to use Whelk-O1 chiral stationary phases (CSPs) to succeed in efficient small-scale preparative enantioseparations. Runs of three consecutive liquid chromatography injections (about 300 μg of racemate repeatedly injected in a 100 μL loop) produced groups of peaks without band contamination (α = 1.2 and RS = 2.57). With this procedure approximately 3.0 mg of each enantiomer, with enantiomeric excess ≥ 97% were obtained. Very profitably, the high volatility of n-hexane used as the sole eluent facilitated the solvent evaporation after the enantiomer recovery. High resolution mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that the chemical identity of the two enantiomers was preserved along the entire process. The ability of Whelk-O1 phases in enantioseparating structurally similar compounds was confirmed with the analysis of other two racemates. Moreover, the relevant chemoselectivity exhibited by the CSP towards the three racemates should allow to simultaneously optimizing the enantioselectivity of different analytes and perform small-scale enantioresolutions of different compounds during the same run. In this study, the integration of experimental off-line electronic circular dichroism analysis with ab initio time-dependent density-functional theory simulations facilitated the assignment of the absolute configuration of the single enantiomers, while a molecular dynamics protocol can be useful to make a priori predictions of the enantioseparation ability of CSP towards selected compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ianni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 - Perugia, Italy
| | - Bruno Cerra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 - Perugia, Italy
| | - Shiva Tali Shandiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 - Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Michele
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli 1, 06123 - Perugia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Saluti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini, 1, 06126 - Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Galarini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini, 1, 06126 - Perugia, Italy
| | - Antimo Gioiello
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 - Perugia, Italy
| | - Roccaldo Sardella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 - Perugia, Italy.
| | - Andrea Carotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 - Perugia, Italy.
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel furoxan-based coumarin derivatives as antitumor agents. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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9
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Parmar BD, Sutariya TR, Brahmbhatt GC, Parmar NJ, Kant R, Gupta VK. A Base-Catalyzed, Domino Aldol/hetero-Diels-Alder Synthesis of Tricyclic Pyrano[3,4-c]chromenes in Glycerol. J Org Chem 2016; 81:4955-64. [PMID: 27171909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The domino aldol/hetero-Diels-Alder synthesis of some new tricyclic pyrano[3,4-c]chromene derivatives has been achieved successfully after assembling a variety of acyclic or cyclic monoketones with prenyl ether-tethered aldehydes in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene in glycerol at 120 °C. The hitherto unreported stereochemical outcome of this synthetic sequence was studied and established on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and 2D NMR NOESY spectroscopy along with the isolation and characterization of the intermediate Aldol condensation product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashri D Parmar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University , Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand District, Gujarat 388120, India
| | - Tushar R Sutariya
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University , Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand District, Gujarat 388120, India
| | - Gaurangkumar C Brahmbhatt
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University , Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand District, Gujarat 388120, India
| | - Narsidas J Parmar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University , Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand District, Gujarat 388120, India
| | - Rajni Kant
- Post-Graduate Department of Physics, University of Jammu , Jammu Tawi 180006, India
| | - Vivek K Gupta
- Post-Graduate Department of Physics, University of Jammu , Jammu Tawi 180006, India
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Jabbarzare S, Ghashang M. Preparation of 2-amino-5,7-dimethoxy-4-aryl/alkyl-4 H -chromene-3-carbonitriles using Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 glass–ceramic system. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ghashang M. ZnAl2O4–Bi2O3 composite nano-powder as an efficient catalyst for the multi-component, one-pot, aqueous media preparation of novel 4H-chromene-3-carbonitriles. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-2269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Dehkordi MF, Dehghan G, Mahdavi M, Hosseinpour Feizi MA. Multispectral studies of DNA binding, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of a new pyranochromene derivative. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 145:353-359. [PMID: 25795609 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The binding properties of a new pyranochromene derivative, 2-amino-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-oxo-4H, 5H-pyrano-[3, 2-c] chromene-3-carbonitrile (3-HC) with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) have been investigated by UV-vis absorption, circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy and viscosity measurement. These results indicated that 3-HC can interact with DNA through non-intercalative mode and the intrinsic binding constant (Kb) for 3-HC with DNA was estimated to be 3.6 × 10(3)M(-1). The antioxidant activity experiments show that 3-HC also exhibit good antioxidant activity in DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability methods. Moreover, 3-HC exhibited cytotoxic activity against K562, human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells, with IC50 value of 146 μM and the cells responded to the treatment with mostly through apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gholamreza Dehghan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Majid Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Esmati N, Foroughian M, Saeedi M, Mahdavi M, Khoshneviszadeh M, Firuzi O, Tanideh N, Miri R, Edraki N, Shafiee A, Foroumadi A. Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Some Novel Dihyrobenzo[h]pyrano[3,2-c]chromene Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Esmati
- Drug Design and Development Research Center; Tehran University of Medicinal Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mahsa Foroughian
- Drug Design and Development Research Center; Tehran University of Medicinal Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; Tehran University of Medicinal Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; Tehran University of Medicinal Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; Tehran University of Medicinal Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Medicinal and Natural Product Chemistry Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Product Chemistry Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Medicinal and Natural Product Chemistry Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Ramin Miri
- Medicinal and Natural Product Chemistry Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; Tehran University of Medicinal Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Medicinal and Natural Product Chemistry Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Abbas Shafiee
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; Tehran University of Medicinal Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center; Tehran University of Medicinal Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; Tehran University of Medicinal Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Emmadi NR, Atmakur K, Chityal GK, Pombala S, Nanubolu JB. Synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of highly functionalized pyranochromenes and pyranopyrans. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7261-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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16
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Samai S, Nandi GC, Singh MS. Highly convergent one-pot four-component regioselective synthesis of 4H-benzo[f]chromenes via annulation of β-oxodithioesters. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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The adsorption of Naproxen enantiomers on the chiral stationary phase ()-Whelk-O1 under reversed-phase conditions: The effect of mobile phase composition. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:2871-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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4-Picoline-catalyzed hetero-Diels–Alder type reactions: one-pot synthesis of pyrano[4,3-c]chromenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Lee YR, Kim YM, Kim SH. Efficient one-pot synthesis of benzopyranobenzopyrans and naphthopyranobenzopyrans by domino aldol-type reaction/hetero Diels–Alder reaction of resorcinols and naphthols. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Ma T, Liu L, Xue H, Li L, Han C, Wang L, Chen Z, Liu G. Chemical library and structure-activity relationships of 11-demethyl-12-oxo calanolide A analogues as anti-HIV-1 agents. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1432-46. [PMID: 18284187 DOI: 10.1021/jm701405p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
(+)-Calanolide A ( 1) as a natural product was previously found as an inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. In our further investigation of its template, racemic 11-demethyl-12-oxo calanolide A ( 15), which had two fewer chiral carbon centers at the C-11 and C-12 positions than (+)-calanolide A, had a comparably inhibitory activity and better therapeutic index (EC 50 = 0.11 microM, TI = 818) against HIV-1 in vitro. A library based on its structural core was then designed and synthesized with introduction of nine diversity points in this article. The evaluations of anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro concluded their structure-activity relationships (SARs). A novel compound (10-bromomethyl-11-demethyl-12-oxo calanolide A, 123) was identified to have much higher inhibitory potency and therapeutic index (EC 50 = 2.85 nM, TI > 10,526) than those of the class compound against HIV-1. This finding provided a very important clue that modifications of the C ring at the C-10 position may be conducted to obtain drug candidates with better activity against HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ma
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
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Tewtrakul S, Subhadhirasakul S, Cheenpracha S, Karalai C. HIV-1 protease and HIV-1 integrase inhibitory substances from Eclipta prostrata. Phytother Res 2008; 21:1092-5. [PMID: 17696192 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The bioassay-guided fractionation for anti-HIV-1 integrase activity led to the isolation of six compounds from the whole plant extract of Eclipta prostrata extract. They were identified as 5-hydroxymethyl-(2,2':5',2'')-terthienyl tiglate (1), 5-hydroxymethyl-(2,2':5',2'')-terthienyl agelate (2), 5-hydroxymethyl-(2,2':5',2'')-terthienyl acetate (3), ecliptal (4), orobol (5) and wedelolactone (6). Of these, compound 6 showed the highest activity against HIV-1 integrase (IN) with an IC50 value of 4.0+/-0.2 microm, followed by compound 5 (IC50=8.1+/-0.5 microm), whereas the four terthiophene compounds (1-4) were inactive (IC50>100 microm). Regarding HIV-1 protease (PR) inhibitory activity, compound 1 exhibited appreciable activity against HIV-1 PR with an IC50 of 58.3+/-0.8 microm, followed by compound 4 (IC50=83.3+/-1.6 microm) and compound 3 (IC50=93.7+/-0.8 microm), while compounds 2, 5 and 6 were inactive against HIV-1 PR (IC50>100 microm). This is the first report of anti-HIV-1 IN activities for wedelolactone (6), a coumarin derivative, and orobol (5), an isoflavone derivative. This study supports the use of E. prostrata in AIDS patients, which is in accord with its traditional use by Thai traditional doctors for curing blood related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supinya Tewtrakul
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
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Ma T, Gao Q, Chen Z, Wang L, Liu G. Chemical resolution of +/- -calanolide A, +/- -cordatolide A and their 11-demethyl analogues. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 18:1079-83. [PMID: 18155519 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Revised: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 12/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The chemical resolution of (+/-)-calanolide A and (+/-)-cordatolide A into their corresponding optically active enantiomers is described. Their inhibitory activities against HIV-1 are tested in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ma
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 2# Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
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23
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Felix G, Berthod A. Commercial Chiral Stationary Phases for the Separations of Clinical Racemic Drugs. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/15422110701826997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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An Efficient and Concise Synthesis of Biologically Interesting Pyranochromenes by Ethylenediamine Diacetate-Catalyzed Double Condensation of Substituted Trihydroxybenzenes to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes and Application to Natural Product Analoges. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2007. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2007.28.10.1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Considerable progress has been made in recent years in the field of drug development against HIV. Many different kinds of natural products, including coumarins, have been found to be active in anti-HIV models and are thus undergoing further investigation. This review demonstrates the variety of coumarins with unique mechanisms of action in the different stages of HIV replication. The discovery and development of coumarins as anti-HIV agents has expanded in the past two decades. Most of the studies have been focused on the inhibitory activity of reverse transcriptase, but anti-integrase and antiprotease activities were also described. The objective of this review is to evaluate data on coumarins’ potent activity with respect to the inhibition of HIV-reverse transcriptase, HIV-integrase or HIV-protease. Recent requirements for potential anti-HIV agents increasingly require adequate definition of the mechanism of action as well as definition of toxic effects and this also applies to natural as well as synthetic coumarins. Structural modification is a powerful tool to increase the potential of bioactive principles. By applying scientific expertise and modern scientific technology, new single compounds will assuredly be developed as potent anti-HIV candidates for world-class new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Kostova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 2 Dunav Str, Sofia 1000, Medical University, Bulgaria
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, P.J. Safarik University, Tr. SNP 1 040 11 Kosice, Slovak Republic
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Kostova I, Raleva S, Genova P, Argirova R. Structure-Activity Relationships of Synthetic Coumarins as HIV-1 Inhibitors. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2006:68274. [PMID: 17497014 PMCID: PMC1686293 DOI: 10.1155/bca/2006/68274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2004] [Revised: 03/09/2005] [Accepted: 03/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV/AIDS pandemics is a serious threat to health and development
of mankind, and searching for effective anti-HIV agents
remains actual. Considerable progress has been made in recent
years in the field of drug development against HIV. A lot of
structurally different coumarins were found to display potent
anti-HIV activity. The current review demonstrates the variety of
synthetic coumarins having unique mechanism of action referring to
the different stages of HIV replication. Recent studies based on
the account of various synthetic coumarins seem to indicate that
some of them serve as potent non-nucleoside RT-inhibitors, another
as inhibitors of HIV-integrase or HIV-protease. The merits of
selecting potential anti-HIV agents to be used in rational
combination drugs design and structure-activity relationships are
discussed.The scientific community is looking actively for new
drugs and combinations for treatment of HIV infection effective
for first-line treatment, as well as against resistant mutants.
The investigation on chemical anti-HIV agents gives hope and
optimism about it. This review article describes recent progress
in the discovery, structure modification, and structure-activity
relationship studies of potent anti-HIV coumarin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Kostova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 2 Dunav Street, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
- *I. Kostova:
| | - S. Raleva
- Department of Virology, National Center of Infectious
and Parasitic Diseases, 44A Stoletor Street, 1233 Sofia,
Bulgaria
| | - P. Genova
- Department of Virology, National Center of Infectious
and Parasitic Diseases, 44A Stoletor Street, 1233 Sofia,
Bulgaria
| | - R. Argirova
- Department of Virology, National Center of Infectious
and Parasitic Diseases, 44A Stoletor Street, 1233 Sofia,
Bulgaria
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27
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Takeuchi M, Nakata A, Nakai H. Principal Component Analysis with Energy Density ofCalophyllumCoumarins. CHEM LETT 2005. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2005.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Murray RDH. The naturally occurring coumarins. FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 2002; 83:1-619. [PMID: 11892256 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6172-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D H Murray
- Chemistry Department, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland
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Fox ME, Lennon IC, Meek G. A novel synthesis of 5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-10-propyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-8-one. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)00428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
The seeds of Calophyllum cerasiferum Vesque (Family-Clusiaceae), and Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. (Family-Clusiaceae) contain several known coumarins, among which were the potent HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors costatolide and inophyllum P. Calophyllum cerasiferum contained (-)-calanolide B as its major coumarin constituent in significant amount and thus constitute a renewable source of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Spino
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, Qc., Canada
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31
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Shi X, Attygalle AB, Liwo A, Hao MH, Meinwald J, Dharmaratne HRW, Wanigasekera WMAP. Absolute Stereochemistry of Soulattrolide and Its Analogues. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9717752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hallock YF, Cardellina JH, Boyd MR. (-)-Frondosins A and D, HIV-Inhibitory Sesquiterpene Hydroquinone Derivatives fromEuryspongiasp. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/10575639808041212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ishikawa T, Oku Y, Kotake KI. Diastereoselective preparation of a trans, trans 2, 3-dimethylchroman-4-ol skeleton: A model synthetic approach to anti-HIV-1 active Calophyllum coumarins. Tetrahedron 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)10004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zembower DE, Liao S, Flavin MT, Xu ZQ, Stup TL, Buckheit RW, Khilevich A, Mar AA, Sheinkman AK. Structural analogues of the calanolide anti-HIV agents. Modification of the trans-10,11-dimethyldihydropyran-12-ol ring (ring C). J Med Chem 1997; 40:1005-17. [PMID: 9083491 DOI: 10.1021/jm960355m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
(+)-Calanolide A is a potent inhibitor of reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), which was isolated from an extract of Calophyllum lanigerum, along with seven related compounds. In order to examine the structure-activity relationships of the trans-10,11-dimethyldihydropyran-12-ol ring (designated ring C), a series of structural analogues were prepared and evaluated using a whole cell cytopathicity assay (XTT). Removal of the 10-methyl group resulted in decreased activity, with only one epimer exhibiting anti-HIV activity. Substituting the 10-methyl group with an ethyl chain maintained anti-HIV activity, with only a 4-fold reduction in potency relative to racemic calanolide A. Substitution of the 10-methyl group with an isopropyl moiety completely eliminated the anti-HIV activity. Addition of an extra methyl group at either the 10- or 11-position maintained the basic stereochemical features of the parent calanolide system while removing the chirality at the respective carbon, but resulted in decreased activity relative to calanolide A. In all the above examples, analogues containing a cis relationship between the 10- and 11-alkyl moieties were completely devoid of activity. Synthetic intermediates in which the 12-hydroxyl group was in the ketone oxidation state exhibited suppressing anti-HIV activity, with EC50 values only 5-fold less potent than that of calanolide A for both the 10,11-cis (6) and -trans (5) series. These ketones represent the first derivatives in the calanolide series to exhibit anti-HIV activity while not containing a 12-hydroxyl group. Likewise, ketone derivative 6 was the first example of a compound in the calanolide series having a cis relationship between the 10- and 11-methyl groups found to exhibit anti-HIV activity. Analogues which showed anti-HIV activity in the CEM-SS cytoprotection assay were further confirmed to be inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Zembower
- MediChem Research, Inc., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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Welch CJ, Szczerba T, Perrin SR. Some recent high-performance liquid chromatography separations of the enantiomers of pharmaceuticals and other compounds using the Whelk-O 1 chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(96)00569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Galinis DL, Fuller RW, McKee TC, Cardellina JH, Gulakowski RJ, McMahon JB, Boyd MR. Structure-activity modifications of the HIV-1 inhibitors (+)-calanolide A and (-)-calanolide B. J Med Chem 1996; 39:4507-10. [PMID: 8893846 DOI: 10.1021/jm9602827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The delta 7,8 olefinic linkages within (+)-calanolide A(1) and (-)-calanolide B(2) were catalytically reduced to determine impact on the anti-HIV activity of the parent compounds. In addition, a series of structure modifications of the C-12 hydroxyl group in (-)-calanolide B was made to investigate the importance of that substituent to the HIV-1 inhibitory activity of these coumarins. A total of 14 analogs were isolated or prepared and compared to (+)-calanolide A and (-)-calanolide B in the NCI primary anti-HIV assay. While none of the compounds showed activity superior to the two unmodified leads, some structure-activity requirements were apparent from the relative anti-HIV potencies of the various analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Galinis
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA
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Ishikawa T, Oku Y, Kotake KI, Ishii H. Cesium Fluoride-Induced Intramolecular Michael Addition: Highly Diastereoselective Ring Construction of a trans-2,3-Dimethylchroman-4-one. J Org Chem 1996; 61:6484-6485. [PMID: 11667504 DOI: 10.1021/jo961170q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Ishikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263, Japan
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McCormick JL, McKee TC, Cardellina JH, Boyd MR. HIV inhibitory natural products. 26. Quinoline alkaloids from Euodia roxburghiana. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 1996; 59:469-471. [PMID: 8778237 DOI: 10.1021/np960250m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-directed fractionation of the CH2Cl2-MeOH extract of Euodia roxburghiana resulted in the isolation of two known quinoline alkaloids, buchapine (1) and 2, and three new furoquinoline alkaloids, roxiamines A, B, and C (3-5). Compounds 1 and 2 protected CEM-SS cells from the cytopathic effects of HIV-1 in vitro (EC50 0.94 and 1.64 microM, respectively), but 3-5 were inactive against HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L McCormick
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Developmental Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA
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Flavin MT, Rizzo JD, Khilevich A, Kucherenko A, Sheinkman AK, Vilaychack V, Lin L, Chen W, Greenwood EM, Pengsuparp T, Pezzuto JM, Hughes SH, Flavin TM, Cibulski M, Boulanger WA, Shone RL, Xu ZQ. Synthesis, chromatographic resolution, and anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of (+/-)-calanolide A and its enantiomers. J Med Chem 1996; 39:1303-13. [PMID: 8632437 DOI: 10.1021/jm950797i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The anti-HIV agent (+/-)-calanolide A (1) has been synthesized in a five-step approach starting with phloroglucinol [-->5-->6-->11-->18-->(+/-)-1], which includes Pechmann reaction, Friedel-Crafts acylation, chromenylation with 4,4-dimethoxy-2-methylbutan-2-ol, cyclization, and Luche reduction. Cyclization of chromene 11 to chromanone 18 was achieved by employing either acetaldehyde diethyl acetal or paraldehyde in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid and pyridine or PPTS. Luche reduction of chromanone 18 at lower temperature preferably yielded (+/-)-1. Reduction of chromone 12, synthesized by Kostanecki-Robinson reaction from chromene 11, failed to afford (+/-)-1. The synthetic (+/-)-1 has been chromatographically resolved into its optically active forms, (+)- and (-)-1. The anti-HIV activities for synthetic (+/-)-1, as well as resultant (+)- and (-)-1, have been determined. Only (+)-1 accounted for anti-HIV activity, which was similar to the data reported for the natural product, and (-)-1 was inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Flavin
- MediChem Research, Inc., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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