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Brandt A, Petrovsky R, Kriebel M, Großhans J. Use of Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitors in an Ageing Model in Drosophila. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:40. [PMID: 37987370 PMCID: PMC10660854 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of farnesylated proteins at the inner nuclear membrane (INM), such as the Lamins or Kugelkern in Drosophila, leads to specific changes in the nuclear morphology and accelerated ageing on the organismal level reminiscent of the Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). Farnesyl transferase inhibitors (FTIs) can suppress the phenotypes of the nuclear morphology in cultured fibroblasts from HGPS patients and cultured cells overexpressing farnesylated INM proteins. Similarly, FTIs have been reported to suppress the shortened lifespan in model organisms. Here, we report an experimental system combining cell culture and Drosophila flies for testing the activity of substances on the HGPS-like nuclear morphology and lifespan, with FTIs as an experimental example. Consistent with previous reports, we show that FTIs were able to ameliorate the nuclear phenotypes induced by the farnesylated nuclear proteins Progerin, Kugelkern, or truncated Lamin B in cultured cells. The subsequent validation in Drosophila lifespan assays demonstrated the applicability of the experimental system: treating adult Drosophila with the FTI ABT-100 reversed the nuclear phenotypes and extended the lifespan of experimentally induced short-lived flies. Since kugelkern-expressing flies have a significantly shorter average lifespan, half the time is needed for testing substances in the lifespan assay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Petrovsky
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Maria Kriebel
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Großhans
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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2
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Zhu FD, Chen X, Yu L, Hu ML, Pan YR, Qin DL, Wu JM, Li L, Law BYK, Wong VKW, Zhou XG, Wu AG, Fan DS. Targeting autophagy to discover the Piper wallichii petroleum ether fraction exhibiting antiaging and anti-Alzheimer's disease effects in Caenorhabditis elegans. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 117:154916. [PMID: 37327643 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With population aging, the incidence of aging-related Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing, accompanied by decreased autophagy activity. At present, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is widely employed to evaluate autophagy and in research on aging and aging-related diseases in vivo. To discover autophagy activators from natural medicines and investigate their therapeutic potential in antiaging and anti-AD effects, multiple C. elegans models related to autophagy, aging, and AD were used. METHOD In this study, we employed the DA2123 and BC12921 strains to discover potential autophagy inducers using a self-established natural medicine library. The antiaging effect was evaluated by determining the lifespan, motor ability, pumping rate, lipofuscin accumulation of worms, and resistance ability of worms under various stresses. In addition, the anti-AD effect was examined by detecting the paralysis rate, food-sensing behavior, and amyloid-β and Tau pathology in C. elegans. Moreover, RNAi technology was used to knock down the genes related to autophagy induction. RESULTS We discovered that Piper wallichii extract (PE) and the petroleum ether fraction (PPF) activated autophagy in C. elegans, as evidenced by increased GFP-tagged LGG-1 foci and decreased GFP-p62 expression. In addition, PPF extended the lifespan and enhanced the healthspan of worms by increasing body bends and pumping rates, decreasing lipofuscin accumulation, and increasing resistance to oxidative, heat, and pathogenic stress. Moreover, PPF exhibited an anti-AD effect by decreasing the paralysis rate, improving the pumping rate and slowing rate, and alleviating Aβ and Tau pathology in AD worms. However, the feeding of RNAi bacteria targeting unc-51, bec-1, lgg-1, and vps-34 abolished the antiaging and anti-AD effects of PPF. CONCLUSION Piper wallichii may be a promising drug for antiaging and anti-AD. More future studies are also needed to identify autophagy inducers in Piper wallichii and clarify their molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Dan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China; Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Meng-Ling Hu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yi-Ru Pan
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China
| | - Betty Yuen-Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 99078, China
| | - Vincent Kam-Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 99078, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | - An-Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | - Dong-Sheng Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang, China.
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Taylor E, Kim Y, Zhang K, Chau L, Nguyen BC, Rayalam S, Wang X. Antiaging Mechanism of Natural Compounds: Effects on Autophagy and Oxidative Stress. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144396. [PMID: 35889266 PMCID: PMC9322024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a natural biological process that manifests as the progressive loss of function in cells, tissues, and organs. Because mechanisms that are meant to promote cellular longevity tend to decrease in effectiveness with age, it is no surprise that aging presents as a major risk factor for many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and diabetes. Oxidative stress, an imbalance between the intracellular antioxidant and overproduction of reactive oxygen species, is known to promote the aging process. Autophagy, a major pathway for protein turnover, is considered as one of the hallmarks of aging. Given the progressive physiologic degeneration and increased risk for disease that accompanies aging, many studies have attempted to discover new compounds that may aid in the reversal of the aging process. Here, we summarize the antiaging mechanism of natural or naturally derived synthetic compounds involving oxidative stress and autophagy. These compounds include: 2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO) derivatives (synthetic triterpenoids derived from naturally occurring oleanolic acid), caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE, the active ingredient in honey bee propolis), xanthohumol (a prenylated flavonoid identified in the hops plant), guggulsterone (a plant steroid found in the resin of the guggul plant), resveratrol (a natural phenol abundantly found in grape), and sulforaphane (a sulfur-containing compound found in cruciferous vegetables).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Taylor
- DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, TN 37752, USA;
| | - Yujin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA 30024, USA; (Y.K.); (K.Z.); (L.C.); (B.C.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Kaleb Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA 30024, USA; (Y.K.); (K.Z.); (L.C.); (B.C.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Lenne Chau
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA 30024, USA; (Y.K.); (K.Z.); (L.C.); (B.C.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Bao Chieu Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA 30024, USA; (Y.K.); (K.Z.); (L.C.); (B.C.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Srujana Rayalam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA 30024, USA; (Y.K.); (K.Z.); (L.C.); (B.C.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA 30024, USA; (Y.K.); (K.Z.); (L.C.); (B.C.N.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu JK. Antiaging agents: safe interventions to slow aging and healthy life span extension. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:18. [PMID: 35534591 PMCID: PMC9086005 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Human longevity has increased dramatically during the past century. More than 20% of the 9 billion population of the world will exceed the age of 60 in 2050. Since the last three decades, some interventions and many preclinical studies have been found to show slowing aging and increasing the healthy lifespan of organisms from yeast, flies, rodents to nonhuman primates. The interventions are classified into two groups: lifestyle modifications and pharmacological/genetic manipulations. Some genetic pathways have been characterized to have a specific role in controlling aging and lifespan. Thus, all genes in the pathways are potential antiaging targets. Currently, many antiaging compounds target the calorie-restriction mimetic, autophagy induction, and putative enhancement of cell regeneration, epigenetic modulation of gene activity such as inhibition of histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases, are under development. It appears evident that the exploration of new targets for these antiaging agents based on biogerontological research provides an incredible opportunity for the healthcare and pharmaceutical industries. The present review focus on the properties of slow aging and healthy life span extension of natural products from various biological resources, endogenous substances, drugs, and synthetic compounds, as well as the mechanisms of targets for antiaging evaluation. These bioactive compounds that could benefit healthy aging and the potential role of life span extension are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Land MH, Toth ML, MacNair L, Vanapalli SA, Lefever TW, Peters EN, Bonn-Miller MO. Effect of Cannabidiol on the Long-Term Toxicity and Lifespan in the Preclinical Model Caenorhabditis elegans. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2021; 6:522-527. [PMID: 33998871 PMCID: PMC8713279 DOI: 10.1089/can.2020.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Despite widespread use of cannabidiol (CBD), no lifelong toxicity study has been published to date. Caenorhabditis elegans is often used in preclinical lifelong toxicity studies, due to an estimated 60-80% of their genes having a human ortholog, and their short lifespan of ∼2-3 weeks. In this study, we examined both acute and long-term exposure studies of CBD at physiologically relevant concentrations. Materials and Methods: Acute toxicity was determined by treating day 1 adults with a wide range of CBD concentrations (0.4 μM to 4 mM) and assessing mortality and motility compared to control animals. Thermotolerance was examined by treating adult animals with CBD (0.4 μM to 4 mM) and exposing them to 37°C for 4 h, and then scoring for the number of alive animals treated with CBD compared to controls. Long-term toxicity was assessed by exposing day 1 adults to 10, 40, and 100 μM CBD until all animals perished. Control animals had no active drug exposure. Results: We report both acute and long-term exposure studies of CBD to adult C. elegans at physiologically relevant concentrations. Acute toxicity results showed that no animal died when exposed to 0.4-4000 μM CBD. The thermotolerance study showed that 40 μM CBD, but not other treatment levels, significantly increased resistance to heat stress by 141% compared to the untreated controls. Notably, whole-life exposure of C. elegans to 10-100 μM CBD revealed a maximum life extension of 18% observed at 40 μM CBD. In addition, motility analysis of the same groups revealed an increase in late-stage life activity by up to 206% compared to controls. Conclusion: These results serve as the only CBD lifelong exposure data in an in vivo model to date. While further research into the lifelong use of CBD should be carried out in mammalian models, the C. elegans model indicates a lack of long-term toxicity at physiologically relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Hunter Land
- Canopy Growth Corporation, Smiths Falls, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Laura MacNair
- Canopy Growth Corporation, Smiths Falls, Ontario, Canada
| | - Siva A. Vanapalli
- NemaLife, Inc., Lubbock, Texas, USA
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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Saikumar J, Bonini NM. Synergistic effects of brain injury and aging: common mechanisms of proteostatic dysfunction. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:728-740. [PMID: 34301397 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aftermath of TBI is associated with an acute stress response and the accumulation of insoluble protein aggregates. Even after the symptoms of TBI are resolved, insidious molecular processes continue to develop, which often ultimately result in the development of age-associated neurodegenerative disorders. The precise molecular cascades that drive unhealthy brain aging are still largely unknown. In this review, we discuss proteostatic dysfunction as a converging mechanism contributing to accelerated brain aging after TBI. We examine evidence from human tissue and in vivo animal models, spanning both the aging and injury contexts. We conclude that TBI has a sustained debilitating effect on the proteostatic machinery, which may contribute to the accelerated pathological and cognitive hallmarks of aging that are observed following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Saikumar
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nancy M Bonini
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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García-Casas P, Alvarez-Illera P, Fonteriz RI, Montero M, Alvarez J. Mechanism of the lifespan extension induced by submaximal SERCA inhibition in C. elegans. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 196:111474. [PMID: 33766744 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have reported recently that submaximal inhibition of the Sarco Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) produces an increase in the lifespan of C. elegans worms. We have explored here the mechanism of this increased survival by studying the effect of SERCA inhibition in several mutants of signaling pathways related to longevity. Our data show that the mechanism of the effect is unrelated with the insulin signaling pathway or the sirtuin activity, because SERCA inhibitors increased lifespan similarly in mutants of these pathways. However, the effect required functional mitochondria and both the AMP kinase and TOR pathways, as the SERCA inhibitors were ineffective in the corresponding mutants. The same effects were obtained after reducing SERCA expression with submaximal RNAi treatment. The SERCA inhibitors did not induce ER-stress at the concentrations used, and their effect was not modified by inactivation of the OP50 bacterial food. Altogether, our data suggest that the effect may be due to a reduced ER-mitochondria Ca2+ transfer acting via AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition to promote survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma García-Casas
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pilar Alvarez-Illera
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rosalba I Fonteriz
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mayte Montero
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier Alvarez
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid and CSIC, Ramón y Cajal, 7, E-47005, Valladolid, Spain.
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8
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Bjedov I, Cochemé HM, Foley A, Wieser D, Woodling NS, Castillo-Quan JI, Norvaisas P, Lujan C, Regan JC, Toivonen JM, Murphy MP, Thornton J, Kinghorn KJ, Neufeld TP, Cabreiro F, Partridge L. Fine-tuning autophagy maximises lifespan and is associated with changes in mitochondrial gene expression in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009083. [PMID: 33253201 PMCID: PMC7738165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased cellular degradation by autophagy is a feature of many interventions that delay ageing. We report here that increased autophagy is necessary for reduced insulin-like signalling (IIS) to extend lifespan in Drosophila and is sufficient on its own to increase lifespan. We first established that the well-characterised lifespan extension associated with deletion of the insulin receptor substrate chico was completely abrogated by downregulation of the essential autophagy gene Atg5. We next directly induced autophagy by over-expressing the major autophagy kinase Atg1 and found that a mild increase in autophagy extended lifespan. Interestingly, strong Atg1 up-regulation was detrimental to lifespan. Transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches identified specific signatures mediated by varying levels of autophagy in flies. Transcriptional upregulation of mitochondrial-related genes was the signature most specifically associated with mild Atg1 upregulation and extended lifespan, whereas short-lived flies, possessing strong Atg1 overexpression, showed reduced mitochondrial metabolism and up-regulated immune system pathways. Increased proteasomal activity and reduced triacylglycerol levels were features shared by both moderate and high Atg1 overexpression conditions. These contrasting effects of autophagy on ageing and differential metabolic profiles highlight the importance of fine-tuning autophagy levels to achieve optimal healthspan and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Bjedov
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helena M. Cochemé
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Foley
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Wieser
- EMBL European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nathaniel S. Woodling
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Iván Castillo-Quan
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston MA, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, United States of America
| | - Povilas Norvaisas
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Celia Lujan
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer C. Regan
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janne M. Toivonen
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- LAGENBIO, Facultad de Veterinaria-IIS, IA2-CITA, CIBERNED, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, the Keith Peters Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Thornton
- EMBL European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kerri J. Kinghorn
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas P. Neufeld
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Filipe Cabreiro
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Partridge
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
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Lu M, Tan L, Zhou XG, Yang ZL, Zhu Q, Chen JN, Luo HR, Wu GS. Tectochrysin increases stress resistance and extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via FOXO/DAF-16. Biogerontology 2020; 21:669-682. [PMID: 32506187 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aging is related to the lowered overall functioning and increased risk for various age-related diseases in humans. Tectochrysin is a flavonoid compound and rich in a traditional Chinese Medicine Alpinia oxyphylla Miq., which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-diarrhea, hepatoprotective, and neuro-protective effects. Therefore, we tested if tectochrysin had an effect on aging in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our results showed that tectochrysin could extend the lifespan of C. elegans by up to 21.0%, delay the age-related decline of body movement, improve high temperature-stress resistance and anti-infection capacity, and protected worms against Aβ1-42-induced toxicity. Tectochrysin could not extend the lifespan of the mutants from genes daf-2, daf-16, eat-2, aak-2, skn-1, and hsf-1. Tectochrysin could increase the expression of DAF-16 regulated genes. The extension of lifespan by tectochrysin requires FOXO/DAF-16 and HSF-1. Overall, our findings suggest that tectochrysin may have a potential effect on extending lifespan and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lu
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Tan
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian-Ning Chen
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Huai-Rong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Gui-Sheng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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10
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Banse SA, Lucanic M, Sedore CA, Coleman-Hulbert AL, Plummer WT, Chen E, Kish JL, Hall D, Onken B, Presley MP, Jones EG, Blue BW, Garrett T, Abbott M, Xue J, Guo S, Johnson E, Foulger AC, Chamoli M, Falkowski R, Melentijevic I, Harinath G, Huynh P, Patel S, Edgar D, Jarrett CM, Guo M, Kapahi P, Lithgow GJ, Driscoll M, Phillips PC. Automated lifespan determination across Caenorhabditis strains and species reveals assay-specific effects of chemical interventions. GeroScience 2019; 41:945-960. [PMID: 31820364 PMCID: PMC6925072 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the Caenorhabditis Intervention Testing Program is to identify robust and reproducible pro-longevity interventions that are efficacious across genetically diverse cohorts in the Caenorhabditis genus. The project design features multiple experimental replicates collected by three different laboratories. Our initial effort employed fully manual survival assays. With an interest in increasing throughput, we explored automation with flatbed scanner-based Automated Lifespan Machines (ALMs). We used ALMs to measure survivorship of 22 Caenorhabditis strains spanning three species. Additionally, we tested five chemicals that we previously found extended lifespan in manual assays. Overall, we found similar sources of variation among trials for the ALM and our previous manual assays, verifying reproducibility of outcome. Survival assessment was generally consistent between the manual and the ALM assays, although we did observe radically contrasting results for certain compound interventions. We found that particular lifespan outcome differences could be attributed to protocol elements such as enhanced light exposure of specific compounds in the ALM, underscoring that differences in technical details can influence outcomes and therefore interpretation. Overall, we demonstrate that the ALMs effectively reproduce a large, conventionally scored dataset from a diverse test set, independently validating ALMs as a robust and reproducible approach toward aging-intervention screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Banse
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
| | - Mark Lucanic
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA
| | - Christine A. Sedore
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
| | | | - W. Todd Plummer
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA
| | - Esteban Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Jason L. Kish
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA
| | - David Hall
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA
| | - Brian Onken
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | | | - E. Grace Jones
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
| | - Benjamin W. Blue
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
| | - Theo Garrett
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA
| | - Mark Abbott
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Jian Xue
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Suzhen Guo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Erik Johnson
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
| | - Anna C. Foulger
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA
| | - Manish Chamoli
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA
| | - Ron Falkowski
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Ilija Melentijevic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Girish Harinath
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Phu Huynh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Shobhna Patel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Daniel Edgar
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA
| | - Cody M. Jarrett
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
| | - Max Guo
- Division of Aging Biology, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892-9205 USA
| | - Pankaj Kapahi
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA
| | | | - Monica Driscoll
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Nelson Biological Laboratories, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Patrick C. Phillips
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
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11
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Bykov VN, Grebenyuk AN, Ushakov IB. The Use of Radioprotective Agents to Prevent Effects Associated with Aging. BIOL BULL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359019120021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Stead ER, Castillo-Quan JI, Miguel VEM, Lujan C, Ketteler R, Kinghorn KJ, Bjedov I. Agephagy - Adapting Autophagy for Health During Aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:308. [PMID: 31850344 PMCID: PMC6892982 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a major cellular recycling process that delivers cellular material and entire organelles to lysosomes for degradation, in a selective or non-selective manner. This process is essential for the maintenance of cellular energy levels, components, and metabolites, as well as the elimination of cellular molecular damage, thereby playing an important role in numerous cellular activities. An important function of autophagy is to enable survival under starvation conditions and other stresses. The majority of factors implicated in aging are modifiable through the process of autophagy, including the accumulation of oxidative damage and loss of proteostasis, genomic instability and epigenetic alteration. These primary causes of damage could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulation of nutrient sensing pathways and cellular senescence, finally causing a variety of aging phenotypes. Remarkably, advances in the biology of aging have revealed that aging is a malleable process: a mild decrease in signaling through nutrient-sensing pathways can improve health and extend lifespan in all model organisms tested. Consequently, autophagy is implicated in both aging and age-related disease. Enhancement of the autophagy process is a common characteristic of all principal, evolutionary conserved anti-aging interventions, including dietary restriction, as well as inhibition of target of rapamycin (TOR) and insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS). As an emerging and critical process in aging, this review will highlight how autophagy can be modulated for health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor R Stead
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge I Castillo-Quan
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Celia Lujan
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Ketteler
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kerri J Kinghorn
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ivana Bjedov
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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A triple drug combination targeting components of the nutrient-sensing network maximizes longevity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:20817-20819. [PMID: 31570569 PMCID: PMC6800352 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1913212116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing life expectancy is causing the prevalence of age-related diseases to rise, and there is an urgent need for new strategies to improve health at older ages. Reduced activity of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) nutrient-sensing signaling network can extend lifespan and improve health during aging in diverse organisms. However, the extensive feedback in this network and adverse side effects of inhibition imply that simultaneous targeting of specific effectors in the network may most effectively combat the effects of aging. We show that the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor trametinib, the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitor rapamycin, and the glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitor lithium act additively to increase longevity in Drosophila Remarkably, the triple drug combination increased lifespan by 48%. Furthermore, the combination of lithium with rapamycin cancelled the latter's effects on lipid metabolism. In conclusion, a polypharmacology approach of combining established, prolongevity drug inhibitors of specific nodes may be the most effective way to target the nutrient-sensing network to improve late-life health.
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14
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Rujanapun N, Heebkaew N, Promjantuek W, Sotthibundhu A, Kunhorm P, Chaicharoenaudomrung N, Noisa P. Small molecules re-establish neural cell fate of human fibroblasts via autophagy activation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:622-632. [PMID: 31321620 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-019-00381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The generation of neural cells is of great interest in medical research because of its promising in neurodegenerative diseases. Small chemical molecules have been used for inducing specific cell types across lineage boundaries. Therefore, to direct neural cell fate, small molecule is a feasible approach for generating clinically relevant cell types without genetic alterations. Human fibroblasts have been directly induced into neural cells with different combinations of small molecules; however, the mechanism underlying neural induction is still not fully understood. In this study, human fibroblasts were induced into neural cells by using only 4 small molecules in a short time period, 5 d. Small molecules used in this study included WNT activator, DNMT inhibitor, Notch inhibitor, and retinoic acid. Neural-specific genes, including NESTIN, TUJ1, and SOX2, were upregulated upon the induction for 5 d. Noteworthy, this neural induction process by small molecules coincided with the activation of autophagy. Autophagy-related genes, such as LC3, ATG12, and LAMP1, were enhanced upon neural induction, and the number of induced-neural cells decreased when autophagy was suppressed by chloroquine. The activation of autophagy was found to reduce ROS generation within the induced-neural cells, and the inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine suppressed the expression of antioxidant genes, CATALASE, SOD, and GPX. This implied that autophagy maintained the optimal level of ROS for neural induction of human fibroblasts. Altogether, this study presented the effective and convenient condition to induce neural cells from human fibroblasts and revealed the positive roles of autophagy in controlling neural cell induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narawadee Rujanapun
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Nudjanad Heebkaew
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Wilasinee Promjantuek
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Areechun Sotthibundhu
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rungsit Campus, Rungsit, Patumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Phongsakorn Kunhorm
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Nipha Chaicharoenaudomrung
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Parinya Noisa
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
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15
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Titorenko VI. Aging and Age-related Disorders: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133280. [PMID: 31277345 PMCID: PMC6650975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir I Titorenko
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, H4B 1R6 Quebec, Canada.
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16
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Jin J, Wang H, Hua X, Chen D, Huang C, Chen Z. An outline for the pharmacological effect of icariin in the nervous system. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:20-32. [PMID: 30342950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Icariin is a major active component of the traditional herb Epimedium, also known as Horny Goat Weed. It has been extensively studied throughout the past several years and is known to exert anti-oxidative, anti-neuroinflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. It is now being considered as a potential therapeutic agent for a wide variety of disorders, ranging from neoplasm to cardiovascular disease. More recent studies have shown that icariin exhibits potential preventive and/or therapeutic effects in the nervous system. For example, icariin can prevent the production of amyloid β (1-42) and inhibit the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Icariin has been shown to mitigate pro-inflammatory responses of microglia in culture and in animal models of cerebral ischemia, depression, Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Icariin also prevents the neurotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ibotenic acid, and homocysteine. In addition, icariin is implicated in facilitating learning and memory in both normal aging animals and disease models. To date, we still have no consolidated source of knowledge about the pharmacological effects of icariin in the nervous system, though its roles in other tissues have been reviewed in recent years. Here, we summarize the pharmacological development of icariin as well as its possible mechanisms in prevention and/or therapy of disorders afflicting the nervous system in hope of expanding the knowledge about the preventive and/or therapeutic effect of icariin in brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jin
- Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neuroscience & Cell Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes lane, Piscataway, 08854 New Jersey, United States
| | - Xiaoying Hua
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital, #999 Liangxi Road, Wu xi, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Dongjian Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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17
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Characterization of the Antioxidant Effects of γ-Oryzanol: Involvement of the Nrf2 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2987249. [PMID: 29725495 PMCID: PMC5872657 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2987249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
γ-Oryzanol (ORY) is well known for its antioxidant potential. However, the mechanism by which ORY exerts its antioxidant effect is still unclear. In this paper, the antioxidant properties of ORY were investigated for its potential effects as a reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) scavenger and in activating antioxidant-promoting intracellular pathways utilizing the human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293). The 24 h ORY exposure significantly prevented hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced ROS/RNS production at 3 h, and this effect was sustained for at least 24 h. ORY pretreatment also enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Interestingly, ORY induced the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation and upregulation of Nrf2-dependent defensive genes such as NAD(P)H quinone reductase (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and glutathione synthetase (GSS) at mRNA and protein levels in both basal condition and after H2O2 insult. Thus, this study suggested an intriguing effect of ORY in modulating the Nrf2 pathway, which is also involved in regulating longevity as well as age-related diseases.
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18
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Age at death as a useful indicator of healthy aging at population level: a 50-year follow-up of the Italian Rural Areas of the Seven Countries Study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2017; 30:901-911. [DOI: 10.1007/s40520-017-0874-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Ewald CY, Castillo-Quan JI, Blackwell TK. Untangling Longevity, Dauer, and Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans Insulin/IGF-1-Signalling. Gerontology 2017; 64:96-104. [PMID: 28934747 DOI: 10.1159/000480504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The groundbreaking discovery that lower levels of insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) can induce lifespan extension was reported 24 years ago in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. In this organism, mutations in the insulin/IGF-1 receptor gene daf-2 or other genes in this pathway can double lifespan. Subsequent work has revealed that reduced IIS (rIIS) extends lifespan across diverse species, possibly including humans. In C. elegans, IIS also regulates development into the diapause state known as dauer, a quiescent larval form that enables C. elegans to endure harsh environments through morphological adaptation, improved cellular repair, and slowed metabolism. Considerable progress has been made uncovering mechanisms that are affected by C. elegans rIIS. However, from the beginning it has remained unclear to what extent rIIS extends C. elegans lifespan by mobilizing dauer-associated mechanisms in adults. As we discuss, recent work has shed light on this question by determining that rIIS can extend C. elegans lifespan comparably through downstream processes that are either dauer-related or -independent. Importantly, these two lifespan extension programs can be distinguished genetically. It will now be critical to tease apart these programs, because each may involve different longevity-promoting mechanisms that may be relevant to higher organisms. A recent analysis of organismal "healthspan" has questioned the value of C. elegans rIIS as a paradigm for understanding healthy aging, as opposed to simply extending life. We discuss other work that argues strongly that C. elegans rIIS is indeed an invaluable model and consider the likely possibility that dauer-related processes affect parameters associated with health under rIIS conditions. Together, these studies indicate that C. elegans and analyses of rIIS in this organism will continue to provide unexpected and exciting results, and new paradigms that will be valuable for understanding healthy aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin Yvès Ewald
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Health Sciences and Technology, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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20
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Swindell WR. Meta-Analysis of 29 Experiments Evaluating the Effects of Rapamycin on Life Span in the Laboratory Mouse. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:1024-1032. [PMID: 27519886 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapamycin has favorable effects on aging in mice and may eventually be applied to encourage "healthy aging" in humans. This study analyzed raw data from 29 survival studies of rapamycin- and control-treated mice, with the goals of estimating summary statistics and identifying factors associated with effect size heterogeneity. Meta-analysis demonstrated significant heterogeneity across studies, with hazard ratio (HR) estimates ranging from 0.22 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06-0.82) to 0.92 (95% CI: 0.65-1.28). Sex was the major factor accounting for effect size variation, and mortality was decreased more in females (HR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.35-0.48) as compared with males (HR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.55-0.71). Rapamycin effects were also genotype dependent, however, with stronger survivorship increases in hybrid mice (14.4%; 95% CI: 12.5-16.3%) relative to pure inbred strains (8.8%; 95% CI: 6.2-11.6%). Number needed to treat was applied as an effect size metric, which consistently identified early senescence as the age of peak treatment benefit. These results provide synthesis of existing data to support the potential translation of findings from mouse to primate species. Because rapamycin's effect on survival depends on sex and genotype, further work is justified to understand how these factors shape treatment response.
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21
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A Drosophila Model of Neuronopathic Gaucher Disease Demonstrates Lysosomal-Autophagic Defects and Altered mTOR Signalling and Is Functionally Rescued by Rapamycin. J Neurosci 2017; 36:11654-11670. [PMID: 27852774 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4527-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) mutations are associated with Gaucher disease (GD), an autosomal recessive disorder caused by functional deficiency of glucocerebrosidase (GBA), a lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyzes glucosylceramide to ceramide and glucose. Neuronopathic forms of GD can be associated with rapid neurological decline (Type II) or manifest as a chronic form (Type III) with a wide spectrum of neurological signs. Furthermore, there is now a well-established link between GBA1 mutations and Parkinson's disease (PD), with heterozygote mutations in GBA1 considered the commonest genetic defect in PD. Here we describe a novel Drosophila model of GD that lacks the two fly GBA1 orthologs. This knock-out model recapitulates the main features of GD at the cellular level with severe lysosomal defects and accumulation of glucosylceramide in the fly brain. We also demonstrate a block in autophagy flux in association with reduced lifespan, age-dependent locomotor deficits and accumulation of autophagy substrates in dGBA-deficient fly brains. Furthermore, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is downregulated in dGBA knock-out flies, with a concomitant upregulation of Mitf gene expression, the fly ortholog of mammalian TFEB, likely as a compensatory response to the autophagy block. Moreover, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin is able to partially ameliorate the lifespan, locomotor, and oxidative stress phenotypes. Together, our results demonstrate that this dGBA1-deficient fly model is a useful platform for the further study of the role of lysosomal-autophagic impairment and the potential therapeutic benefits of rapamycin in neuronopathic GD. These results also have important implications for the role of autophagy and mTOR signaling in GBA1-associated PD SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We developed a Drosophila model of neuronopathic GD by knocking-out the fly orthologs of the GBA1 gene, demonstrating abnormal lysosomal pathology in the fly brain. Functioning lysosomes are required for autophagosome-lysosomal fusion in the autophagy pathway. We show in vivo that autophagy is impaired in dGBA-deficient fly brains. In response, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity is downregulated in dGBA-deficient flies and rapamycin ameliorates the lifespan, locomotor, and oxidative stress phenotypes. dGBA knock-out flies also display an upregulation of the Drosophila ortholog of mammalian TFEB, Mitf, a response that is unable to overcome the autophagy block. Together, our results suggest that rapamycin may have potential benefits in the treatment of GD, as well as PD linked to GBA1 mutations.
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22
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Castillo-Quan JI, Blackwell TK. Metformin: Restraining Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling to Fight Cancer and Aging. Cell 2017; 167:1670-1671. [PMID: 27984715 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Cell, Wu et al. employed C. elegans and human cell experiments to identify a pathway through which metformin increases lifespan and inhibits growth. A key transcriptional target, ACAD10, is activated when metformin induces nuclear exclusion of the GTPase RagC, thereby inhibiting mTORC1 through an unexpected mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Iván Castillo-Quan
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Genetics and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - T Keith Blackwell
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Genetics and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA.
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23
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Senotherapy: growing old and staying young? Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1051-1059. [PMID: 28389776 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-1972-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, which has been linked to age-related diseases, occurs during normal aging or as a result of pathological cell stress. Due to their incapacity to proliferate, senescent cells cannot contribute to normal tissue maintenance and tissue repair. Instead, senescent cells disturb the microenvironment by secreting a plethora of bioactive factors that may lead to inflammation, regenerative dysfunction and tumor progression. Recent understanding of stimuli and pathways that induce and maintain cellular senescence offers the possibility to selectively eliminate senescent cells. This novel strategy, which so far has not been tested in humans, has been coined senotherapy or senolysis. In mice, senotherapy proofed to be effective in models of accelerated aging and also during normal chronological aging. Senotherapy prolonged lifespan, rejuvenated the function of bone marrow, muscle and skin progenitor cells, improved vasomotor function and slowed down atherosclerosis progression. While initial studies used genetic approaches for the killing of senescent cells, recent approaches showed similar effects with senolytic drugs. These observations open up exciting possibilities with a great potential for clinical development. However, before the integration of senotherapy into patient care can be considered, we need further research to improve our insight into the safety and efficacy of this strategy during short- and long-term use.
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Castillo-Quan JI, Li L, Kinghorn KJ, Ivanov DK, Tain LS, Slack C, Kerr F, Nespital T, Thornton J, Hardy J, Bjedov I, Partridge L. Lithium Promotes Longevity through GSK3/NRF2-Dependent Hormesis. Cell Rep 2016; 15:638-650. [PMID: 27068460 PMCID: PMC4850359 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest to extend healthspan via pharmacological means is becoming increasingly urgent, both from a health and economic perspective. Here we show that lithium, a drug approved for human use, promotes longevity and healthspan. We demonstrate that lithium extends lifespan in female and male Drosophila, when administered throughout adulthood or only later in life. The life-extending mechanism involves the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF-2). Combining genetic loss of the NRF-2 repressor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) with lithium treatment revealed that high levels of NRF-2 activation conferred stress resistance, while low levels additionally promoted longevity. The discovery of GSK-3 as a therapeutic target for aging will likely lead to more effective treatments that can modulate mammalian aging and further improve health in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Iván Castillo-Quan
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann Strasse 9-b, 50931 Köln, Germany; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kerri J Kinghorn
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Dobril K Ivanov
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Luke S Tain
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann Strasse 9-b, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Cathy Slack
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann Strasse 9-b, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Fiona Kerr
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tobias Nespital
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann Strasse 9-b, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Janet Thornton
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ivana Bjedov
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Linda Partridge
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann Strasse 9-b, 50931 Köln, Germany.
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Im JS, Lee HN, Oh JW, Yoon YJ, Park JS, Park JW, Kim JH, Kim YS, Cha DS, Jeon H. Moringa oleiferaProlongs Lifespan via DAF-16/FOXO Transcriptional Factor inCaenorhabditis elegans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2016.22.3.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sang Im
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
| | - Ha Na Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
| | - Jong Woo Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
| | - Young Jin Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
| | - Jin Suck Park
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
| | - Yong Sung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
| | - Dong Seok Cha
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
| | - Hoon Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk 55338, Korea
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