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Shin J, Kim HR, Bae PK, Yoo H, Kim J, Choi Y, Kang A, Yun WS, Shin YB, Hwang J, Hong S. Reusable surface amplified nanobiosensor for the sub PFU/mL level detection of airborne virus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16776. [PMID: 34408220 PMCID: PMC8373909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a reusable surface-amplified nanobiosensor for monitoring airborne viruses with a sub-PFU/mL level detection limit. Here, sandwich structures consisted of magnetic particles functionalized with antibodies, target viruses, and alkaline phosphatases (ALPs) were formed, and they were magnetically concentrated on Ni patterns near an electrochemical sensor transducer. Then, the electrical signals from electrochemical markers generated by ALPs were measured with the sensor transducer, enabling highly-sensitive virus detection. The sandwich structures in the used sensor chip could be removed by applying an external magnetic field, and we could reuse the sensor transducer chip. As a proof of concepts, the repeated detection of airborne influenza virus using a single sensor chip was demonstrated with a detection limit down to a sub-PFU/mL level. Using a single reusable sensor transducer chip, the hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A (H1N1) virus with different concentrations were measured down to 10 aM level. Importantly, our sensor chip exhibited reliable sensing signals even after more than 18 times of the repeated HA sensing measurements. Furthermore, airborne influenza viruses collected from the air could be measured down to 0.01 PFU/mL level. Interestingly, the detailed quantitative analysis of the measurement results revealed the degradation of HA proteins on the viruses after the air exposure. Considering the ultrasensitivity and reusability of our sensors, it can provide a powerful tool to help preventing epidemics by airborne pathogens in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Shin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hyeong Rae Kim
- Gas Metrology Group, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Pan Kee Bae
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center (H-GUARD), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Haneul Yoo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jeongsu Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Yoonji Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Aeyeon Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Wan S Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Yong Beom Shin
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center (H-GUARD), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology 10 (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Bioengineering, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jungho Hwang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Seunghun Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Clawin‐Rädecker I, De Block J, Egger L, Willis C, Da Silva Felicio MT, Messens W. The use of alkaline phosphatase and possible alternative testing to verify pasteurisation of raw milk, colostrum, dairy and colostrum-based products. EFSA J 2021; 19:e06576. [PMID: 33968255 PMCID: PMC8085980 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurisation of raw milk, colostrum, dairy or colostrum-based products must be achieved using at least 72°C for 15 s, at least 63°C for 30 min or any equivalent combination, such that the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) test immediately after such treatment gives a negative result. For cows' milk, a negative result is when the measured activity is ≤ 350 milliunits of enzyme activity per litre (mU/L) using the ISO standard 11816-1. The use and limitations of an ALP test and possible alternative methods for verifying pasteurisation of those products from other animal species (in particular sheep and goats) were evaluated. The current limitations of ALP testing of bovine products also apply. ALP activity in raw ovine milk appears to be about three times higher and in caprine milk about five times lower than in bovine milk and is highly variable between breeds. It is influenced by season, lactation stage and fat content. Assuming a similar pathogen inactivation rate to cows' milk and based on the available data, there is 95-99% probability (extremely likely) that pasteurised goat milk and pasteurised sheep milk would have an ALP activity below a limit of 300 and 500 mU/L, respectively. The main alternative methods currently used are temperature monitoring using data loggers (which cannot detect other process failures such as cracked or leaking plates) and the enumeration of Enterobacteriaceae (which is not suitable for pasteurisation verification but is relevant for hygiene monitoring). The inactivation of certain enzymes other than ALP may be more suitable for the verification of pasteurisation but requires further study. Secondary products of heat treatment are not suitable as pasteurisation markers due to the high temperatures needed for their production. More research is needed to facilitate a definitive conclusion on the applicability of changes in native whey proteins as pasteurisation markers.
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3
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A novel nanostructured poly(thionine)-deep eutectic solvent/CuO nanoparticle film-modified disposable pencil graphite electrode for determination of acetaminophen in the presence of ascorbic acid. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:1149-1157. [PMID: 33410977 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A new electrochemical sensor based on thionine (TH), an electroactive polymer, and CuO nanoparticle (CuONP)-modified pencil graphite electrode (PGE) has been developed. Poly(thionine) (PTH) was formed on the CuO/PGE surface by electropolymerisation in ethaline deep eutectic solvent (DES) containing acetic acid dopant to form PTHEthaline/CuO/PGE. Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry were utilized to evaluate the fabrication process, electrochemical properties, and performance parameters of the modified electrodes. The analytical performance of the PTHEthaline/CuO/PGE was evaluated with respect to linear range, limit of detection, repeatability, and reproducibility for the detection of acetaminophen (APAP) by electrooxidation in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA). Analytical parameters such as pH were optimized. The combined use of PTH and CuONP led to enhanced performance towards APAP due to the large electroactive surface area and synergistic catalytic effect, with a wide linear working range and low detection limit. The reliability of the proposed sensor for the detection of APAP was successfully tested in pharmaceutical samples containing APAP and AA, with very good recoveries. Graphical abstract.
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Dalkıran B, Kaçar C, Can E, Erden PE, Kılıç E. Disposable biosensors based on platinum nanoparticle-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes for the determination of biogenic amines. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-020-02707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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A novel alkaline phosphatase activity sensing strategy combining enhanced peroxidase-mimetic feature of sulfuration-engineered CoO x with electrostatic aggregation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:5551-5561. [PMID: 32671451 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02815-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Given alkaline phosphatase (ALP) takes part in the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation processes in the body, its activity is universally taken as an important indicator of many diseases, and thus developing reliable and efficient methods for ALP activity determination becomes quite important. Here, we propose a new sensing strategy for ALP activity by integrating the improved peroxidase-mimicking catalysis of sulfuration-engineered CoOx with the hexametaphosphate ion (HMPi)-mediated electrostatic aggregation. After sulfuration engineering, the CoOx composite coming from the pyrolysis of ZIF-67 exhibits enhanced peroxidase-mimetic catalytic ability to oxidize 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to its oxide TMBox, offering a remarkable color change from colorless to mazarine; with the presence of HMPi, the rapid electrostatic assembly of negatively charged HMPi and positively charged TMBox leads to the aggregation of the latter, resulting in a color fading phenomenon; when ALP is added in advance to hydrolyze the HMPi mediator, the aggregation procedure is significantly suppressed, and such that the solution color can be recovered. Based on this principle, efficient determination of ALP activity was gained, giving a wide detection scope from 0.8 to 320 U/L and a detection limit as low as 0.38 U/L. Reliable analysis of the target in serum samples was also achieved, verifying the feasibility and practicability of our strategy in measuring ALP activity for clinical applications. Graphical abstract.
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6
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Dalkıran B. Amperometric determination of heavy metal using an HRP inhibition biosensor based on ITO nanoparticles-ruthenium (III) hexamine trichloride composite: Central composite design optimization. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 135:107569. [PMID: 32464529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A novel horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme inhibition biosensor based on indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles, hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride (RUT), and chitosan (CH) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was developed. The biosensor fabrication process was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The amounts of ITO nanoparticles and RUT were optimized using a 22 central composite design for the optimization of electrode composition. The detection limits were determined as 8 nM, 3 nM, and 1 nM for Pb2+, Ni2+, and Cd2+, respectively. The inhibition calibration curves of the biosensor were found to be within the range of 0.009-0.301 µM with a sensitivity of 11.97 µA µM-1 cm-2 (0.85 µA µM-1) for Pb2+, 0.011-0.368 µM with a sensitivity of 10.84 µA µM-1 cm-2 (0.77 µA µM-1) for Ni2+, and 0.008-0.372 µM with a sensitivity of 10.99 µA µM-1 cm-2 (0.78 µA µM-1) for Cd2+. The type of HRP inhibition by Pb2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+ was investigated by the Dixon and Cornish-Bowden plots. The effects of possible interfering species on the biosensor response were examined. The analysis of Pb2+, Ni2+, and Cd2+ in tap water was demonstrated using the HRP/ITO-RUT-CH/GCE with satisfactory experimental results. The proposed method agreed with the atomic absorption spectrometry results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Dalkıran
- Ankara University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey.
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7
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Zhang X, Chen X, Liu K, Zhang Y, Gao G, Huang X, Hou S. Near-infrared ratiometric probe with a self-immolative spacer for rapid and sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase activity and imaging in vivo. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1094:113-121. [PMID: 31761037 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate groups, is closely associated with many diseases, including bone disease, prostate cancer, and diabetes. Thus, new assays for ALP detection in live cells are needed to better understand its role in related biological processes. In this study, we constructed a novel near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe for detecting ALP activity with high sensitivity. The probe uses a new self-immolative mechanism that can achieve a rapid response (within 10 min) to ALP, detected as a spectral shift (from 580 to 650 nm). This method effectively avoids issues related to instrument variability, and the near-infrared fluorescence emission (650 nm) makes it more suitable for biological detection. Moreover, the high sensitivity (14-fold enhancement of the fluorescence ratio F650/F580) and low detection limit (0.89 U L-1) for ALP allows the probe to be adapted to complex biological environments. The assay was successfully performed using serum samples with a linear range of ALP of up to 150 U L-1. We used the developed probe to detect and image endogenous ALP in cells with satisfactory results, and we successfully used the probes to detect changes in endogenous ALP levels in zebrafish caused by drug-induced organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Xiangzhu Chen
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Kaizheng Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Gui Gao
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Huang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Shicong Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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8
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Chen Z, Liu S, Yu X, Hao L, Wang L, Liu S. Responsive methylene blue release from lanthanide coordination polymer for label-free, immobilization-free and sensitive electrochemical alkaline phosphatase activity assay. Analyst 2019; 144:5971-5979. [PMID: 31498361 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01325c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important enzyme related to many clinical diseases and also widely used as a labeling enzyme for immunoassay. Herein, a new electrochemical sensing strategy for ALP activity was proposed, which was based on the ALP-triggered methylene blue (MB) release from a lanthanide coordination polymer and successive penetration through a self-assembled dodecanethiol monolayer for electrochemical response. The supramolecular lanthanide coordination polymer was constructed by using guanine monophosphate (GMP) and Tb3+ as the ligand and the metal ion, respectively, and the encapsulated MB as the signal molecule. ALP catalyzed the cleavage of the phosphate group from the GMP ligand and disrupted the coordination polymer network to release abundant MB molecules for electrochemical responses related to ALP activity. The obtained lanthanide coordination polymers were well characterized by various techniques. The fabricated electrochemical sensor for ALP activity assay shows distinct advantages such as being one-step, label-free, immobilization-free and highly sensitive. The detection limit toward ALP activity was down to 0.5 U L-1. With the aid of a MB enrichment process on the modified electrode before measurement, the detection limit could be further improved to 0.1 U L-1. Moreover, the assay method could be applied for ALP detection in complex matrixes such as human serum and also for efficient inhibitor evaluation. Thus, the current study provides a new pathway to the fabrication of a coordination polymer-based electrochemical sensing platform for applications in disease diagnosis and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, China.
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9
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Paper-based miniaturized immunosensor for naked eye ALP detection based on digital image colorimetry integrated with smartphone. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 128:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Zhang X, Chen X, Zhang Y, Gao G, Huang X, Hou S, Ma X. A high-sensitivity fluorescent probe with a self-immolative spacer for real-time ratiometric detection and imaging of alkaline phosphatase activity. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02230a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The probe APW uses a self-immolative mechanism to achieve a ratio response to ALP, which has the following advantages: fast response (in less than 15 min), high quantum yield (Φ = 0.6), low detection limit (0.46 U L−1) and excellent selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangzhu Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Gui Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Shicong Hou
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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11
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Pereira da Silva Neves MM, González-García MB, Pérez-Junquera A, Hernández-Santos D, Fanjul-Bolado P. Quenching of graphene quantum dots fluorescence by alkaline phosphatase activity in the presence of hydroquinone diphosphate. LUMINESCENCE 2018; 33:552-558. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pablo Fanjul-Bolado
- DropSens S.L; Ed. CEEI, Parque Tecnológico de Asturias Llanera Asturias Spain
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12
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Liu HW, Hu XX, Zhu L, Li K, Rong Q, Yuan L, Zhang XB, Tan W. In vivo imaging of alkaline phosphatase in tumor-bearing mouse model by a promising near-infrared fluorescent probe. Talanta 2017; 175:421-426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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13
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A novel near-infrared fluorescent probe for cysteine in living cells based on a push-pull dicyanoisophorone system. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Tan Y, Zhang L, Man KH, Peltier R, Chen G, Zhang H, Zhou L, Wang F, Ho D, Yao SQ, Hu Y, Sun H. Reaction-Based Off-On Near-infrared Fluorescent Probe for Imaging Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Living Cells and Mice. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:6796-6803. [PMID: 28139117 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatases are a group of enzymes that play important roles in regulating diverse cellular functions and disease pathogenesis. Hence, developing fluorescent probes for in vivo detection of alkaline phosphatase activity is highly desirable for studying the dynamic phosphorylation in living organisms. Here, we developed the very first reaction-based near-infrared (NIR) probe (DHXP) for sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase activity both in vitro and in vivo. Our studies demonstrated that the probe displayed an up to 66-fold fluorescence increment upon incubation with alkaline phosphatases, and the detection limit of our probe was determined to be 0.07 U/L, which is lower than that of most of alkaline phosphatase probes reported in literature. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the probe can be applied to detecting alkaline phosphatase activity in cells and mice. In addition, our probe possesses excellent biocompatibility and rapid cell-internalization ability. In light of these prominent properties, we envision that DHXP will add useful tools for investigating alkaline phosphatase activity in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou 221002, P. R. China
| | | | - Raoul Peltier
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Ganchao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Huatang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Liyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543
| | - Yi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Multi-disciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
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15
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Shi D, Sun Y, Lin L, Shi C, Wang G, Zhang X. Naked-eye sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and pyrophosphate (PPi) based on a horseradish peroxidase catalytic colorimetric system with Cu(ii). Analyst 2016; 141:5549-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an01124a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel colorimetric method for the detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and pyrophosphate (PPi) was designed based on a Cu2+–horseradish peroxidase (HRP)–3,3′,5,5′-tetra-methylbenzidine (TMB)–H2O2 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing
- Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Center for Nano Science and Technology
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing
- Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Center for Nano Science and Technology
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Lin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing
- Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Center for Nano Science and Technology
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Chunjun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing
- Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Center for Nano Science and Technology
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Guangfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing
- Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Center for Nano Science and Technology
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing
- Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Center for Nano Science and Technology
- Anhui Normal University
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16
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Peng J, Han XX, Zhang QC, Yao HQ, Gao ZN. Copper sulfide nanoparticle-decorated graphene as a catalytic amplification platform for electrochemical detection of alkaline phosphatase activity. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 878:87-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Zhang L, Hou T, Li H, Li F. A highly sensitive homogeneous electrochemical assay for alkaline phosphatase activity based on single molecular beacon-initiated T7 exonuclease-mediated signal amplification. Analyst 2015; 140:4030-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00516g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive homogeneous electrochemical assay for alkaline phosphatase activity based on single molecular beacon-initiated T7 exonuclease-assisted signal amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianfang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Ting Hou
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Haiyin Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
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18
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Li Y, Li Y, Liu Z, Su X. Sensitive fluorometric detection of alkaline phosphatase using a water-soluble conjugated polymer. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05844e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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19
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A disposable alkaline phosphatase-based biosensor for vanadium chronoamperometric determination. SENSORS 2014; 14:3756-67. [PMID: 24569772 PMCID: PMC3958235 DOI: 10.3390/s140203756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A chronoamperometric method for vanadium ion determination, based on the inhibition of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase, is reported. Screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with gold nanoparticles were used as transducers for the immobilization of the enzyme. The enzymatic activity over 4-nitrophenyl phosphate sodium salt is affected by vanadium ions, which results in a decrease in the chronoamperometric current registered. The developed method has a detection limit of 0.39 ± 0.06 µM, a repeatability of 7.7% (n = 4) and a reproducibility of 8% (n = 3). A study of the possible interferences shows that the presence of Mo(VI), Cr(III), Ca(II) and W(VI), may affect vanadium determination at concentration higher than 1.0 mM. The method was successfully applied to the determination of vanadium in spiked tap water.
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20
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Hayat A, Andreescu S. Nanoceria Particles As Catalytic Amplifiers for Alkaline Phosphatase Assays. Anal Chem 2013; 85:10028-32. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4020963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Hayat
- Department of Chemistry and
Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, United States
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, United States
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Liang J, Kwok RTK, Shi H, Tang BZ, Liu B. Fluorescent light-up probe with aggregation-induced emission characteristics for alkaline phosphatase sensing and activity study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:8784-8789. [PMID: 23957823 DOI: 10.1021/am4026517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fluorogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics have attracted intensified research interest in biosensing applications, and those with specific targeting ability are especially desirable. In this work, we designed and synthesized an AIE fluorescent probe by functionalizing a tetraphenylethylene (TPE) fluorogen with two phosphate groups (TPE-phos) for the detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and its enzymatic activity based on the specific interaction between the probe and ALP. The probe is virtually nonfluorescent in aqueous media due to good water solubility. In the presence of ALP, the phosphate groups are cleaved through enzymatic hydrolysis, yielding a highly fluorescent product as a result of activated AIE process. This light-up probe shows excellent selectivity toward ALP among a group of proteins. The detection limit is found to be 11.4 pM or 0.2 U L(-1) in Tris buffer solution with a linear quantification range of 3-526 U L(-1). The assay is also successfully performed in diluted serum with a linear range up to 175 U L(-1), demonstrating its potential application in clinical analysis of ALP levels in real samples. Furthermore, by conducting kinetic analysis of the enzyme using TPE-phos as the substrate, the kinetic parameter kcat/KM is determined to be 5.1×10(5) M(-1) s(-1), indicating a high efficiency of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive, Singapore 117576
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Liu JM, Lin LP, Jiao L, Cui ML, Wang XX, Zhang LH, Zheng ZY. CdS/TiO2–fluorescein isothiocyanate nanoparticles as fluorescence resonance energy transfer probe for the determination of trace alkaline phosphatase based on affinity adsorption assay. Talanta 2012; 98:137-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jiang H, Wang X. Alkaline Phosphatase-Responsive Anodic Electrochemiluminescence of CdSe Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2012; 84:6986-93. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300983t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu
Laboratory), Southeast University, No.
2 Sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu
Laboratory), Southeast University, No.
2 Sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, People’s Republic of China
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Ma C. Highly sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase using molecular beacon probes based on enzymatic polymerization. Mol Cell Probes 2012; 26:113-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Jiang Z, Wu M, Liu G, Liang A. A sensitive enzyme-catalytic nanogold-resonance scattering spectral assay for alkaline phosphate. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2011; 35:781-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-011-0658-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Kim YT, Oh KH, Kim JH, Kang HG, Choi JS. Electrochemical Immunosensor Using a Gas Diffusion Layer as an Immobilization Matrix. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.6.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Alkaline phosphatase assay using a near-infrared fluorescent substrate merocyanine 700 phosphate. Talanta 2011; 84:941-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Le Goff GC, Blum LJ, Marquette CA. Enhanced Colorimetric Detection on Porous Microarrays Using in Situ Substrate Production. Anal Chem 2011; 83:3610-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200306d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle C. Le Goff
- Equipe Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1, CNRS 5246 ICBMS, Bâtiment CPE-43, bd du 11 novembre 1918-69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| | - Loïc J. Blum
- Equipe Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1, CNRS 5246 ICBMS, Bâtiment CPE-43, bd du 11 novembre 1918-69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| | - Christophe A. Marquette
- Equipe Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1, CNRS 5246 ICBMS, Bâtiment CPE-43, bd du 11 novembre 1918-69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
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Sezgintürk MK, Dinçkaya E. A biosensor for the determination of β-galactosidase activity: a different viewpoint on biosensors. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, BLOOD SUBSTITUTES, AND IMMOBILIZATION BIOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 39:281-8. [PMID: 21351849 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2011.560119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
β-galactosidase splits lactose into glucose and galactose. Because of its biotechnological interest, we presented a biosensor system in order to monitor β-galactosidase activity. Immobilization steps of the biosensor were identified by cyclic voltammograms and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. β-galactosidase was voltammetrically detected at about +150 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) in citrate buffer solution (0.05 M, pH 4.8). The linear response for β-galactosidase detection was in the range of 0.0118 U mL(-1)to 0.47 U mL(-1)and a shorter response time of ∼50 s. Our results demonstrated the biosensor's electrochemical properties and analytical characteristics were very useful and effective for monitoring of β-galactosidase activity.
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Walter A, Wu J, Flechsig GU, Haake DA, Wang J. Redox cycling amplified electrochemical detection of DNA hybridization: application to pathogen E. coli bacterial RNA. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 689:29-33. [PMID: 21338752 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Revised: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical genosensor in which signal amplification is achieved using p-aminophenol (p-AP) redox cycling by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is presented. An immobilized thiolated capture probe is combined with a sandwich-type hybridization assay, using biotin as a tracer in the detection probe, and streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase as reporter enzyme. The phosphatase liberates the electrochemical mediator p-AP from its electrically inactive phosphate derivative. This generated p-AP is electrooxidized at an Au electrode modified self-assembled monolayer to p-quinone imine (p-QI). In the presence of NADH, p-QI is reduced back to p-AP, which can be re-oxidized on the electrode and produce amplified signal. A detection limit of 1 pM DNA target is offered by this simple one-electrode, one-enzyme format redox cycling strategy. The redox cycling design is applied successfully to the monitoring of the 16S rRNA of E. coli pathogenic bacteria, and provides a detection limit of 250 CFU μL(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Walter
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Rankin S, Christiansen A, Lee W, Banavara D, Lopez-Hernandez A. Invited review: The application of alkaline phosphatase assays for the validation of milk product pasteurization. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:5538-51. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Liu JM, Gao H, Li FM, Shi XM, Lin CQ, Lin LP, Wang XX, Li ZM. Determination of trace alkaline phosphatase by affinity adsorption solid substrate room temperature phosphorimetry based on wheat germ agglutinin labeled with 8-quinolineboronic acid phosphorescent molecular switch and prediction of diseases. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2010; 76:446-451. [PMID: 20452816 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The 8-quinolineboronic acid phosphorescent molecular switch (abbreviated as PMS-8-QBA. Thereinto, 8-QBA is 8-quinolineboronic acid, and PMS is phosphorescent molecular switch) was found for the first time. PMS-8-QBA, which was in the "off" state, could only emit weak room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) on the acetyl cellulose membrane (ACM). However, PMS-8-QBA turned "on" automatically for its changed structure, causing that the RTP of 8-QBA in the system increased, after PMS-8-QBA-WGA (WGA is wheat germ agglutinin) was formed by reaction between -OH of PMS-8-QBA and -COOH of WGA. More interesting is that the -NH(2) of PMS-8-QBA-WGA could react with the -COOH of alkaline phosphatase (AP) to form the affinity adsorption (AA) product WGA-AP-WGA-8-QBA-PMS (containing -NH-CO- bond), which caused RTP of the system to greatly increase. Thus, affinity adsorption solid substrate room temperature phosphorimetry using PMS-8-QBA as labelling reagent (PMS-8-QBA-AA-SSRTP) for the determination of trace AP was established. The method had many advantages, such as high sensitivity (the detection limit (LD) was 2.5zgspot(-1). For sample volume of 0.40mulspot(-1), corresponding concentration was 6.2x10(-18)gml(-1)), good selectivity (the allowed concentration of coexisting material was higher, when the relative error was +/-5%), high accuracy (applied to detection of AP content in serum samples, the result was coincided with those obtained by enzyme-linked immunoassay), which was suitable for the detection of trace AP content in serum samples and the forecast of human diseases. Meanwhile, the mechanism of PMS-8-QBA-AASSRTP was discussed. The new field of analytical application and clinic diagnosis technique of molecule switch are exploited, based on the phosphorescence characteristic of PMS-8-QBA, the AA reaction between WGA and AP, as well as the relation between AP content and human diseases. The research results promote the development and interpenetrate among molecule switch technique, lectin science and SSRTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ming Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Zhangzhou Normal College, Zhangzhou 363000, PR China.
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Anik Ü, Çubukçu M, Çevik S, Timur S. Usage of Bismuth Film Electrode as Biosensor Transducer for Alkaline Phosphatase Assay. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200900447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Liu JM, Rao Y, Chen L, Wang XX, Lin LP, Lin CQ, Zhang LH, Ou-Yang Y. A New Phosphorimetry for the Determination of Trace Alkaline Phosphatase Using Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes and Its Diagnosis of Human Diseases. J Fluoresc 2010; 20:933-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-010-0639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sensitive phenol determination based on co-modifying tyrosinase and palygorskite on glassy carbon electrode. Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-010-0320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Santiago LM, Bejarano-Nosas D, Lozano-Sanchez P, Katakis I. Screen-printed microsystems for the ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of alkaline phosphatase. Analyst 2010; 135:1276-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Duerkop A, Aleksandrova D, Scripinets Y, Yegorova A, Vityukova E. Sensitive Terbium Probes for Luminescent Determination of both Alkaline Phosphatase and Codeine Phosphate. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 1130:172-8. [DOI: 10.1196/annals.1430.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Escamilla-Gómez V, Campuzano S, Pedrero M, Pingarrón JM. Immunosensor for the determination of Staphylococcus aureus using a tyrosinase–mercaptopropionic acid modified electrode as an amperometric transducer. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:837-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2007] [Revised: 11/27/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Time-Resolved Fluorescence-Based Assay for the Determination of Alkaline Phosphatase Activity and Application to the Screening of Its Inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:9-16. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057107312031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A single-step end point method is presented for determination of the activity of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) using the effect of enhancement of fluorescence of the easily accessible europium(III)-tetracycline 3:1 complex (Eu3TC). Its luminescence, peaking at 616 nm if excited at 405 nm, is enhanced by a factor of 2.5 in the presence of phosphate. Phenyl phosphate was used as a substrate that is enzymatically hydrolyzed to form phenol and phosphate. The latter coordinates to Eu3TC and enhances its luminescence intensity as a result of the displacement of water from the inner coordination sphere of the central metal. The assay is performed in a time-resolved (gated) mode, which is shown to yield larger signal changes than steady-state measurement of fluorescence. The limit of detection for ALP is 4 µmol L—1. Based on this scheme, a model assay for theophylline as inhibitor for ALP was developed with a linear range from 14 to 68 µmol L— 1 of theophylline. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2008:9-16)
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Barek J, Fischer J, Navrátil T, Pecková K, Yosypchuk B, Zima J. Nontraditional Electrode Materials in Environmental Analysis of Biologically Active Organic Compounds. ELECTROANAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200703918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Zhu X, Jiang C. 8-Quinolyl phosphate as a substrate for the fluorimetric determination of alkaline phosphatase. Clin Chim Acta 2007; 377:150-3. [PMID: 17123497 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2006.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Revised: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important target for clinical analysis. 8-Quinolyl phosphate (QP) was developed as a new substrate for the fluorimetric determination of ALP activity. METHODS QP is a strong fluorescent substance and the product of the enzyme reaction is 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ), which has no fluorescence. Under the optimal conditions for the determination of ALP, the decreased fluorescence intensity via the enzyme reaction is proportional to ALP activity. The fluorescence intensity was measured at lambdaex/lambdaem=318/495 nm before and after the enzyme reaction. RESULTS QP reacted with ALP in the buffer solution of pH=9.5 and incubated for 20 min at 37.0 degrees C were selected as the optimal conditions for the determination of ALP. The linear range and detection limit for the determination of ALP are 1.0-16.0 and 0.229 U/l, respectively. With this method, ALP could be applied to assess ALP in human serum and the results were evaluated by comparison with a standard colorimetric assay using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as ALP substrate. CONCLUSIONS This method is simple, practical and can be used as an alternative to assess ALP in clinical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
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Chapter 13 Application of electrochemical enzyme biosensors for food quality control. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-526x(06)49013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Halaouli S, Asther M, Sigoillot JC, Hamdi M, Lomascolo A. Fungal tyrosinases: new prospects in molecular characteristics, bioengineering and biotechnological applications. J Appl Microbiol 2006; 100:219-32. [PMID: 16430498 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02866.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinases are type-3 copper proteins involved in the initial step of melanin synthesis. These enzymes catalyse both the o-hydroxylation of monophenols and the subsequent oxidation of the resulting o-diphenols into reactive o-quinones, which evolve spontaneously to produce intermediates, which associate in dark brown pigments. In fungi, tyrosinases are generally associated with the formation and stability of spores, in defence and virulence mechanisms, and in browning and pigmentation. First characterized from the edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus because of undesirable enzymatic browning problems during postharvest storage, tyrosinases were found, more recently, in several other fungi with relevant insights into molecular and genetic characteristics and into reaction mechanisms, highlighting their very promising properties for biotechnological applications. The limit of these applications remains in the fact that native fungal tyrosinases are generally intracellular and produced in low quantity. This review compiles the recent data on biochemical and molecular properties of fungal tyrosinases, underlining their importance in the biotechnological use of these enzymes. Next, their most promising applications in food, pharmaceutical and environmental fields are presented and the bioengineering approaches used for the development of tyrosinase-overproducing fungal strains are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Halaouli
- UMR 1163 INRA-Université de Provence de Biotechnologie des Champignons Filamenteux, IFR 86 de Biotechnologie Agro-Industrielle de Marseille, Marseille Cedex, France
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Zhu X, Liu Q, Jiang C. 2-Carboxy-1-naphthyl phosphate as a substrate for the fluorimetric determination of alkaline phosphatase. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Ruan C, Wang W, Gu B. Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2006; 78:3379-84. [PMID: 16689540 DOI: 10.1021/ac0522106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new approach was developed to detect the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme at ultralow concentrations using a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique. The approach is based on the use of gold nanoparticles as a SERS material whereas 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (BCIP) is used as a substrate of ALP. The enzymatic hydrolysis of BCIP led to the formation of indigo dye derivatives, which were found to be highly SERS active. For the first time, we were able to detect ALP at a concentration of approximately 4 x 10(-15) M or at single-molecule levels when ALP was incubated with BCIP for 1 h in the Tris-HCl buffer. The same technique also was successfully employed to detect surface-immobilized avidin, and a detection limit of 10 ng/mL was achieved. This new technique allows the detection of both free and labeled ALP as a Raman probe in enzyme immunoassays, immunoblotting, and DNA hybridization assays at ultralow concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmin Ruan
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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Fanjul-Bolado P, González-García MB, Costa-García A. Flow screen-printed amperometric detection of p-nitrophenol in alkaline phosphatase-based assays. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 385:1202-8. [PMID: 16532307 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2005] [Revised: 02/09/2006] [Accepted: 02/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
p-Nitrophenyl phosphate is one of the most widely used substrates for alkaline phosphatase in ELISAs because its yellow, water-soluble product, p-nitrophenol, absorbs strongly at 405 nm. p-Nitrophenol is also electroactive; an oxidative peak at 0.97 V (vs. an Ag pseudoreference electrode) is obtained when a bare screen-printed carbon electrode is used. When an amperometric detector was coupled to a flow-injection analysis system the detection limit achieved for p-nitrophenol was 2x10(-8) mol L(-1), almost two orders of magnitude lower than that obtained by measuring the absorbance of the compound. By use of this electrochemical detection method, measurement of 7x10(-14) mol L(-1) alkaline phosphatase was achieved after incubation for 20 min. The feasibility of coupling immunoassay to screen-printed carbon electrode amperometric detection has been demonstrated by performing an ELISA for detection of pneumolysin, a toxin produced by Streptococcus pneumoniae, which causes respiratory infections. The method is simple, reproducible, and much more sensitive than traditional spectrophotometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Fanjul-Bolado
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
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