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Peng C, Sun J, Zhang F, Xing S, Liu X, Chen C, Hou X, Shi K, Wu W. Simultaneous Determination of Transuranium Radionuclides in Urine by Tandem Quadrupole ICP-MS/MS with Mass-Shift Mode Combined with Chemical Separation. Anal Chem 2024; 96:2514-2523. [PMID: 38289041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The urine bioassay method for transuranium nuclides (237Np, 239,240,241Pu, 241Am, and 244Cm) is needed to quickly assess the potential internal contamination in emergency situations. However, in the case that the analysis of multiple radionuclides is required in the same sample, time-consuming/tedious sequential analytical procedures using multiple chromatographic separation resins would have to be employed for the separation of every single radionuclide. In this work, a rapid method for the simultaneous determination of transuranium nuclides in urine was developed by using triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) combined with a single DGA resin column. The chemical behaviors of Np/Pu and Am/Cm on the DGA resin were consistent in 8-10 mol/L HNO3 and 0.005-0.02 mol/L NaNO2 when 242Pu and 243Am were selected as tracers for Np/Pu and Am/Cm yield monitoring. Based on their different reaction rates with O2, 237Np, 239,240,241Pu, 241Am, and 244Cm in the same solution were simultaneously measured by ICP-MS/MS in the same run. The elimination efficiency of 238U+ tailing (7.43 × 10-9), 238U1H16O2+/238U16O2+ (8.11 × 10-8) and cross contamination of 241Pu and 241Am (<1%) were achieved using 10.0 mL/min He-0.3 mL/min O2 even if the eluate was directly measured without any evaporation. The detection limits of transuranium nuclides were at the femtogram level, demonstrating the feasibility of ICP-MS/MS for simultaneous transuranic radionuclides urinalysis. The developed method was validated by analyzing the spiked urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Peng
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Sun
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shan Xing
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xingchen Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Cancan Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Keliang Shi
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wangsuo Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Huang Z, Hou X, Qiao J, Zhao X. Simultaneous determination of femtogram levels of 237Np, 239Pu, and 240Pu in environmental solid samples using extraction chromatography and ICP-MS/MS. Talanta 2023; 265:124798. [PMID: 37348353 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
An analytical method based on triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) was developed for simultaneous determination of femtogram levels of 237Np, 239Pu, and 240Pu in environmental samples. By carefully controlling the valence states of Np and Pu in the entire separation procedure using a simple single extraction chromatographic column (TK200), the consistent behavior of Np and Pu was achieved, allowing for the reliable application of 242Pu as the chemical yield tracer for 237Np, 239Pu, and 240Pu. A high decontamination factor of 3.2 × 107 for the most critical interfering element, uranium, was achieved in the chemical separation step. The interferences of 238U1H+ and peak tailing of 238U+ during the measurement of plutonium isotopes were effectively eliminated by utilizing 7.5 mL/min He-1.1 mL/min CO2 as reaction gases in the octupole collision/reaction cell and employing sequential quadrupole mode for mass separation in ICP-MS/MS. Specifically, the interference of 238U1H+ was reduced to 10-6 and the peak tailing of 238U+ to 10-10, surpassing the performance of measurement method without reaction gases by 3 orders of magnitude. The developed method enables the accurate determination of femtogram levels of 237Np, 239Pu, and 240Pu in the samples with U/Np and U/Pu atom ratios of up to 1017 and 1012, respectively. The developed method was validated by analyzing standard reference materials and spiked soil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Huang
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Xi'an AMS Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Xi'an AMS Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Open Studio for Oceanic-Continental Climate and Environment Changes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266061, China.
| | - Jixin Qiao
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
| | - Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Xi'an AMS Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Open Studio for Oceanic-Continental Climate and Environment Changes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266061, China; Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Corcho Alvarado JA, Röllin S, Sahli H, McGinnity P. Isotopic signatures of plutonium and uranium at Bikar atoll, northern Marshall Islands. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2022; 242:106795. [PMID: 34923320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present plutonium (Pu) and uranium (U) isotopic fingerprints (or signatures) in environmental samples collected at Bikar Atoll. Bikar is the second -most northern atoll of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and therefore an important reference point to evaluate the extension of the regional fallout from the Pacific Proving Grounds (PPG) in Bikini and Enewetak Atolls. Previous studies have shown that regional fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapon testing (NWT) in Bikini and Enewetak has resulted in elevated levels of fallout radionuclides in this atoll. In order to optimally interpret the isotopic fingerprints, we compare our results with data obtained in eleven certified reference materials, representing different contamination sources. As well as 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 238U and 235U, this study also encompasses less commonly reported radionuclides such as 242Pu, 244Pu and 236U. We show the importance of combining numerous fingerprints for improved assessment of the source of a nuclear contamination. In samples from Bikar, Pu and U isotope ratios were found to vary within narrow ranges. Pu and U fingerprints suggest that regional fallout from the Castle Bravo test in March 1954 was the main source of the contamination. This was further confirmed by two different age dating approaches that estimated 1954 as the year of the contamination. We demonstrate that use of an exponential function to approximate the yield of heavy radionuclides in thermonuclear explosions with increasing mass is a valid approach for estimating the age of a contamination. We show that, if sufficient radionuclide activity concentration measurement results with low uncertainties are available, this method is robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Corcho Alvarado
- Nuclear Chemistry Division, Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland.
| | - S Röllin
- Nuclear Chemistry Division, Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland
| | - H Sahli
- Nuclear Chemistry Division, Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland
| | - P McGinnity
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Environment Laboratories, Monaco
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Ji M, Chang M, Liao H, Wang X, Bai Y. Vertical distribution of 137Cs and plutonium in Lake Taihu and Dianchi sediment cores: loss of radionuclides in shallow, eutrophic lakes. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ramebäck H, Tovedal A, Lagerkvist P, Jonsson S, Vesterlund A. Alpha spectrometry and liquid scintillation counting for the measurement of 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu and age. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 164:109293. [PMID: 32819510 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A method for the measurement of the isotopic composition and time since last chemical separation (age) of plutonium is presented. The method includes alpha spectrometric measurement of 238Pu, 239Pu and 240Pu where the ratio of 239Pu and 240Pu was determined using spectral deconvolution, and liquid scintillation counting of 241Pu, after chemical separation of plutonium and americium. For the age determination, the 241Pu determined using liquid scintillation counting was combined with alpha spectrometric measurement of 241Am. The results of the isotopic composition were compared with certified reference materials with known isotopic composition, and the results of the age determination were compared with literature values of the separation dates.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ramebäck
- Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), CBRN Defence and Security, SE-164 90, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - A Tovedal
- Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), CBRN Defence and Security, SE-164 90, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Lagerkvist
- Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), CBRN Defence and Security, SE-164 90, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Jonsson
- Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), CBRN Defence and Security, SE-164 90, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Vesterlund
- Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), CBRN Defence and Security, SE-164 90, Stockholm, Sweden
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240Pu/ 239Pu and 242Pu/ 239Pu atom ratios of Japanese monthly atmospheric deposition samples during 1963-1966. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8105. [PMID: 31147582 PMCID: PMC6543033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Global fallout plutonium isotopic ratios from the 1960s are important for the use of Pu as environmental tracers. We measured the 240Pu/239Pu and 242Pu/239Pu atomic ratios of monthly atmospheric deposition samples collected in Tokyo and Akita, Japan during March 1963 to May 1966. To our knowledge, our results represent the first data measured for actual atmospheric deposition samples collected continuously during the 1960s. Both atomic ratios increased rapidly from March 1963 to June 1963, followed by a gradual increase until September 1963. Then, both ratios declined with a half-life of approximately 5.6 months. The observed temporal changes of the ratios were likely caused by the upper-stratospheric input of nuclear debris from high-yield atmospheric nuclear weapon testing during 1961–62, followed by its downward transport to the troposphere.
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Thakur P, Ward AL. 241Pu in the environment: insight into the understudied isotope of plutonium. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-5946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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9
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Determination of Pu isotopes in sediment and soil samples by SF-ICP-MS: an improved anion-exchange procedure for Pu separation. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5618-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Strumińska-Parulska DI, Skwarzec B. Characterization of (241)Pu occurrence, distribution, and bioaccumulation in seabirds from northern Eurasia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:7821-7832. [PMID: 25529493 PMCID: PMC4432091 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents unique data of plutonium (241)Pu study in seabirds from northern Eurasia, permanently or temporally living at the southern Baltic Sea coast. Together, ten marine birds species were examined, as follows: three species that permanently reside at the southern Baltic, four species of wintering birds, and three species of migrating birds; 366 samples were analyzed. The obtained results indicated plutonium was non-uniformly distributed in organs and tissues of analyzed seabirds. The highest (241)Pu content was found in the digestion organs and feathers, the lowest in muscles. Also, the internal radiation doses from (241)Pu were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara I Strumińska-Parulska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Analytics and Environmental Radiochemistry Chair, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland,
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11
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Bu W, Zheng J, Guo Q, Aono T, Tazoe H, Tagami K, Uchida S, Yamada M. A method of measurement of (239)Pu, (240)Pu, (241)Pu in high U content marine sediments by sector field ICP-MS and its application to Fukushima sediment samples. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 48:534-541. [PMID: 24328266 DOI: 10.1021/es403500e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An accurate and precise analytical method is highly needed for the determination of Pu isotopes in marine sediments for the long-term marine environment monitoring that is being done since the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. The elimination of uranium from the sediment samples needs to be carefully checked. We established an analytical method based on anion-exchange chromatography and SF-ICP-MS in this work. A uranium decontamination factor of 2 × 10(6) was achieved, and the U concentrations in the final sample solutions were typically below 4 pg mL(-1), thus no extra correction of (238)U interferences from the Pu spectra was needed. The method was suitable for the analysis of (241)Pu in marine sediments using large sample amounts (>10 g). We validated the method by measuring marine sediment reference materials and our results agreed well with the certified and the literature values. Surface sediments and one sediment core sample collected after the nuclear accident were analyzed. The characterization of (241)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratios in the surface sediments and the vertical distribution of Pu isotopes showed that there was no detectable Pu contamination from the nuclear accident in the marine sediments collected 30 km off the plant site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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12
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Determination of ultratrace amounts of plutonium in high saline groundwater by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Walther C, Denecke MA. Actinide Colloids and Particles of Environmental Concern. Chem Rev 2013; 113:995-1015. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300343c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Walther
- Institute for Radioecology and
Radiation Protection, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Melissa A. Denecke
- Institute for Nuclear Waste
Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Strumińska-Parulska DI. A study on determination of potentially hazardous plutonium isotopes in environmental samples. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS 2013; 31:145-69. [PMID: 23672404 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2013.782175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of stable plutonium isotopes, and the high mobility as well as long half-life, plutonium is considered one of the most important radioelement in safety assessment of environmental radioactivity and nuclear waste management. A number of analytical methods have been developed over the past decades for determination of plutonium in environmental samples. The article discusses different analytical techniques and presents the results of plutonium isotopes determination by alpha spectrometry and accelerator mass spectrometry in environmental samples. The concentrations of plutonium isotopes in analyzed samples indicates its measurement is of great importance for environmental and safety assessment, especially in contaminated areas.
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15
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Determination of 241Pu in nuclear waste slurries: A comparative study using LSC and ICP-MS. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:360-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Vajda N, Kim CK. Determination of Transuranium Isotopes (Pu, Np, Am) by Radiometric Techniques: A Review of Analytical Methodology. Anal Chem 2011; 83:4688-719. [DOI: 10.1021/ac2008288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nóra Vajda
- RadAnal Ltd., Konkoly-Thege M. út 29-33, Budapest, 1121-Hungary
| | - Chang-Kyu Kim
- Terrestrial Environmental Laboratory, Seibersdorf, International Atomic Energy Agency, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
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Corcho Alvarado JA, Chawla F, Froidevaux P. Determining 241Pu in environmental samples: case studies in alpine soils. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2011. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2011.1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A procedure was developed for determining 241Pu activity in environmental samples. This beta emitter isotope of plutonium was measured by ultra low level liquid scintillation, after several separation and purification steps that involved the use of a highly selective extraction chromatographic resin (Eichrom-TEVA). Due to the lack of reference material for 241Pu, the method was nevertheless validated using four IAEA reference sediments with information values for 241Pu. Next, the method was used to determine the 241Pu activity in alpine soils of Switzerland and France. The 241Pu/239,240Pu and 238Pu/239,240Pu activity ratios confirmed that Pu contamination in the tested alpine soils originated mainly from global fallout from nuclear weapon tests conducted in the fifties and sixties. Estimation of the date of the contamination, using the 241Pu/241Am age-dating method, further confirmed this origin. However, the 241Pu/241Am dating method was limited to samples where Pu-Am fractionation was insignificant. If any, the contribution of the Chernobyl accident is negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F. Chawla
- University of Lausanne, Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne, Schweiz
| | - P. Froidevaux
- University of Lausanne, Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne, Schweiz
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18
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Guérin N, Langevin MA, Nadeau K, Labrecque C, Gagné A, Larivière D. Determination of neptunium in environmental samples by extraction chromatography after valence adjustment. Appl Radiat Isot 2010; 68:2132-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Behavior and distribution of 239+240Pu and 241Am in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia marine environment. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-010-0650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Lindahl P, Keith-Roach M, Worsfold P, Choi MS, Shin HS, Lee SH. Ultra-trace determination of plutonium in marine samples using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 671:61-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Qiao J, Hou X, Miró M, Roos P. Determination of plutonium isotopes in waters and environmental solids: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 652:66-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Revised: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Vajda N, Kim CK. Determination of Pu isotopes by alpha spectrometry: a review of analytical methodology. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-009-0342-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Qiao J, Hou X, Roos P, Miró M. Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2009; 81:8185-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ac901395e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Qiao
- Radiation Research Division, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, NUK-202, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Radiation Research Division, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, NUK-202, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Per Roos
- Radiation Research Division, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, NUK-202, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuel Miró
- Radiation Research Division, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, NUK-202, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Luisier F, Corcho Alvarado JA, Steinmann P, Krachler M, Froidevaux P. A new method for the determination of plutonium and americium using high pressure microwave digestion and alpha-spectrometry or ICP-SMS. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-009-0004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Liao H, Zheng J, Wu F, Yamada M, Tan M, Chen J. Determination of plutonium isotopes in freshwater lake sediments by sector-field ICP-MS after separation using ion-exchange chromatography. Appl Radiat Isot 2008; 66:1138-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Revised: 10/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Hou X, Roos P. Critical comparison of radiometric and mass spectrometric methods for the determination of radionuclides in environmental, biological and nuclear waste samples. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 608:105-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2007] [Revised: 11/29/2007] [Accepted: 12/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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