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Khan MS, Zou B, Bukhtiar A, Huang W. Induced ferromagnetism in Ni(II) doped ZnO monolayers via Al co-doping and their optical characteristics: ab initiostudy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:265204. [PMID: 38467061 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad3255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
For applications in magneto-electronic devices, diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) usually exhibit spin-dependent coupling and induced ferromagnetism at high Curie temperatures. The processes behind the behavior of optical emission and ferromagnetism, which can be identified by complicated microstructural and chemical characteristics, are still not well understood. In this study, the impact of Al co-doping on the electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of Ni(II) doped ZnO monolayers has been investigated using first principles calculations. Ferromagnetism in the co-doped monolayer is mainly triggered by the exchange coupling between the electrons provided by Al co-doping and Ni(II)-dstates; therefore, the estimated Curie temperature is greater than room temperature. The spin-spin couplings in mono-doped and co-doped monolayers were explained using the band-coupling mechanism. Based on the optical study, we observed that the Ni-related absorption peak occurred at 2.13-2.17 eV, showing a redshift as Ni concentrations increased. The FM coupling between Ni ions in the co-doped monolayer may be responsible for the reduction in the fundamental band gap seen with Al co-doping. We observed peaks in the near IR and visible regions of the co-doped monolayer, which improve the optoelectronic device's photovoltaic performance. Additionally, the correlation between optical characteristics and spin-spin couplings has been studied. We found that the Ni(II)'sd-dtransition bands or fundamental band gap in the near configuration undergoes a significant shift in response to AFM and FM coupling, whereas in the far configuration, they have a negligible shift due to the paramagnetic behavior of the Ni ions. These findings suggest that the magnetic coupling in DMS may be utilized for controlling the optical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sheraz Khan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingsuo Zou
- Guangxi Key Lab of Processing for Nonferrous Metals and Featured Materials, School of Resources, Environments and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Arfan Bukhtiar
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - WeiGuo Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China
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2
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Ehtesabi H, Kalji SO. Carbon nanomaterials for sweat-based sensors: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:77. [PMID: 38177621 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Sweat is easily accessible from the human skin's surface. It is secreted by the eccrine glands and contains a wealth of physiological information, including metabolites and electrolytes like glucose and Na ions. Sweat is a particularly useful biofluid because of its easy and non-invasive access, unlike other biofluids, like blood. On the other hand, nanomaterials have started to show promise operation as a competitive substitute for biosensors and molecular sensors throughout the last 10 years. Among the most synthetic nanomaterials that are studied, applied, and discussed, carbon nanomaterials are special. They are desirable candidates for sensor applications because of their many intrinsic electrical, magnetic, and optical characteristics; their chemical diversity and simplicity of manipulation; their biocompatibility; and their effectiveness as a chemically resistant platform. Carbon nanofibers (CNFs), carbon dots (CDs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene have been intensively investigated as molecular sensors or as components that can be integrated into devices. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the use of carbon nanomaterials as sweat sensors and consider how they can be utilized to detect a diverse range of analytes in sweat, such as glucose, ions, lactate, cortisol, uric acid, and pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamide Ehtesabi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed-Omid Kalji
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Khalid MA, Mubeen M, Mukhtar M, Sumreen P, Naz B, Aydın F, Asil D, Iqbal A. Effect of surface ligands on the photoinduced electron transfer rate and efficiency in ZnO quantum dots and graphene oxide assemblies. Photochem Photobiol 2023. [PMID: 37961822 DOI: 10.1111/php.13881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Apart from biocompatibility, ZnO quantum dots (QDs) are considered to be an efficient luminescence material due to their low cost and high redox potential. Here, we report the synthesis of ZnO QDs by using five different functionalizing ligands like mercaptoacetic acid (MAA), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), octadecene (ODE), ethylene glycol (EG), and oleyl amine (OLA) and fabricate their assemblies with graphene oxide (GO). We investigate the role of functionalizing ligands as a surface modifier of ZnO QDs for their attachment to GO. The steady-state photoluminescence (SSPL) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) analyses demonstrate the photoluminescence (PL) quenching of ZnO QDs in ZnO QDs-GO assembly. The highest reduction in PL intensity is observed with ZnO QDs-GO assembly with EG as a surface functionalizing ligand. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis confirms the feasibility of charge transfer from ZnO QDs to the GO. The maximum (79.43%) charge transfer efficiency (ECT ) is observed in the case of ZnO-MAA-GO as compared to other assemblies. This means the thiol group-containing ligands facilitate charge transfer as compared to hydroxyl and amine group ligands. This leads to the conclusion that charge transfer in ZnO QDs-GO assemblies depends strongly on the nature of surface ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Mubeen
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Mukhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Poshmal Sumreen
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Naz
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Firdevs Aydın
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Demet Asil
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Azhar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Xu A, Li J, Zhang S, Pan H. An integrated immunochromatographic device for C-reactive protein detection using hierarchical dendritic gold nanostructure films. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1269:341402. [PMID: 37290857 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Immunochromatographic test strips typically consist of sample pad, conjugate pad, nitrocellulose membrane, and absorbent pad. Even minute variations in the assembly of these components can lead to inconsistent sample-reagent interactions, thereby reducing reproducibility. In addition, the nitrocellulose membrane is susceptible to damage during assembly and handling. To address this issue, we propose to replace the sample pad, conjugate pad, and nitrocellulose membrane with hierarchical dendritic gold nanostructure (HD-nanoAu) films to develop a compact integrated immunochromatographic strip. The strip uses quantum dots as a background fluorescence signal and employs fluorescence quenching to detect C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum. A 5.9 μm thick HD-nanoAu film was electrodeposited on an ITO conductive glass by the constant potential method. The wicking kinetics of the HD-nanoAu film was thoroughly investigated, and the results indicated that the film exhibited favorable wicking properties, with a wicking coefficient of 0.72 μm ms-0.5. The immunochromatographic device was fabricated by etching three interconnected rings on HD-nanoAu/ITO to designate sample/conjugate (S/C), test (T), and control (C) regions. The S/C region was immobilized with mouse anti-human CRP antibody (Ab1) labeled with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), while the T region was preloaded with polystyrene microspheres decorated with CdSe@ZnS quantum dots (QDs) as background fluorescent material, followed by mouse anti-human CRP antibody (Ab2). The C region was immobilized with goat anti-mouse IgG antibody. After the samples were added to the S/C region, the excellent wicking properties of the HD-nanoAu film facilitated the lateral flow of the CRP-containing sample toward the T and C regions after binding to AuNPs labeled with CRP Ab1. In the T region, CRP-AuNPs-Ab1 formed sandwich immunocomplexes with Ab2, and the fluorescence of QDs was quenched by AuNPs. The ratio of fluorescence intensity in the T region to that in the C region was used to quantify CRP. The T/C fluorescence intensity ratio was negatively correlated with the CRP concentration in the range of 26.67-853.33 ng mL-1 (corresponding to 300-fold diluted human serum), with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.98. The limit of detection was 15.0 ng mL-1 (corresponding to 300-fold diluted human serum), and the range of relative standard deviation: 4.48-5.31%, with a recovery rate of 98.22-108.33%. Common interfering substances did not cause significant interference, and the range of relative standard deviation: 1.96-5.51%. This device integrates multiple components of conventional immunochromatographic strips onto a single HD-nanoAu film, resulting in a more compact structure that improves the reproducibility and robustness of detection, making it promising for point-of-care testing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Jishun Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Shenglan Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Control Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Hongcheng Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
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Mahmood Abdelghani G, Basim Al-Zubaidi A, Ben Ahmed A. Synthesis, characterization, and study of the influence of energy of irradiation on physical properties and biologic activity of nickel ferrite nanostructures. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2023.101623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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ZnO Tetrapods for Label-Free Optical Biosensing: Physicochemical Characterization and Functionalization Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054449. [PMID: 36901879 PMCID: PMC10002590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we fabricated three different ZnO tetrapodal nanostructures (ZnO-Ts) by a combustion process and studied their physicochemical properties by different techniques to evaluate their potentiality for label-free biosensing purposes. Then, we explored the chemical reactivity of ZnO-Ts by quantifying the available functional hydroxyl groups (-OH) on the transducer surface necessary for biosensor development. The best ZnO-T sample was chemically modified and bioconjugated with biotin as a model bioprobe by a multi-step procedure based on silanization and carbodiimide chemistry. The results demonstrated that the ZnO-Ts could be easily and efficiently biomodified, and sensing experiments based on the streptavidin target detection confirmed these structures' suitability for biosensing applications.
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Nie X, Wu X, Wang Y, Ban S, Lei Z, Yi J, Liu Y, Liu Y. Surface acoustic wave induced phenomena in two-dimensional materials. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:158-175. [PMID: 36448884 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00458e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Surface acoustic wave (SAW)-matter interaction provides a fascinating key for inducing and manipulating novel phenomena and functionalities in two-dimensional (2D) materials. The dynamic strain field and piezo-electric field associated with propagating SAWs determine the coherent manipulation and transduction between 2D excitons and phonons. Over the past decade, many intriguing acoustic-induced effects, including the acousto-electric effect, acousto-galvanic effect, acoustic Stark effect, acoustic Hall effect and acoustic exciton transport, have been reported experimentally. However, many more phenomena, such as the valley acousto-electric effect, valley acousto-electric Hall effect and acoustic spin Hall effect, were only theoretically proposed, the experimental verification of which are yet to be achieved. In this minireview, we attempt to overview the recent breakthrough of SAW-induced phenomena covering acoustic charge transport, acoustic exciton transport and modulation, and coherent acoustic phonons. Perspectives on the opportunities of the proposed SAW-induced phenomena, as well as open experimental challenges, are also discussed, attempting to offer some guidelines for experimentalists and theorists to explore the desired exotic properties and boost practical applications of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchen Nie
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Siyuan Ban
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Zhihao Lei
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Jincheng, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211156, China.
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
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8
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Allegra A, Petrarca C, Di Gioacchino M, Mirabile G, Gangemi S. Electrochemical Biosensors in the Diagnosis of Acute and Chronic Leukemias. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010146. [PMID: 36612142 PMCID: PMC9817807 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Until now, morphological assessment with an optical or electronic microscope, fluorescence in situ hybridization, DNA sequencing, flow cytometry, polymerase chain reactions, and immunohistochemistry have been employed for leukemia identification. Nevertheless, despite their numerous different vantages, it is difficult to recognize leukemic cells correctly. Recently, the electrochemical evaluation with a nano-sensing interface seems an attractive alternative. Electrochemical biosensors measure the modification in the electrical characteristics of the nano-sensing interface, which is modified by the contact between a biological recognition element and the analyte objective. The implementation of nanosensors is founded not on single nanomaterials but rather on compilating these components efficiently. Biosensors able to identify the molecules of deoxyribonucleic acid are defined as DNA biosensors. Our review aimed to evaluate the literature on the possible use of electrochemical biosensors for identifying hematological neoplasms such as acute promyelocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and chronic myeloid leukemia. In particular, we focus our attention on using DNA electrochemical biosensors to evaluate leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Petrarca
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Mario Di Gioacchino
- Institute for Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, 65100 Pescara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mirabile
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Kimura Y, Tohmyoh H. Copper Oxide Solution Sensor Formed on a Thin Film Having Nanowires for Detecting Ethanol in Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:11573-11580. [PMID: 36112469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solution sensors are required to detect analytes in liquids with high sensitivity and response speed for environmental and health monitoring. In this study, we introduce the concept of a Cu oxide thin film having nanowires as a solution sensor for detecting ethanol in water. The Cu oxide sensor with grains and nanowires of different shapes was fabricated by a simple method of heating a Cu thin film and dropping an Ag conductive paste. Sensing parameters and mechanisms were evaluated by current-voltage and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. In the Cu oxide sensor formed on thin film having a large number of nanowires fabricated by heating at 400 °C for 5 h, the sensor sensitivity was 0.96 at 0.1 vol % ethanol concentration, and the response time was 313 s at a voltage of 0.1 V. The Cu oxide sensor detects ethanol by the change in electrical resistance caused by the reaction between ethanol molecules and the lattice oxygen on the Cu oxide surface. Therefore, the large nanowire surface area leads to a higher sensor sensitivity and a faster response time. Furthermore, the grain and nanowire regions on the thin film are represented by equivalent circuits. A high correlation was observed between the sensor sensitivity and the time constant calculated from the equivalent circuit. The proposed Cu oxide solution sensor and detection mechanism offer designs to improve the performance of chemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinari Kimura
- Department of Finemechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hironori Tohmyoh
- Department of Finemechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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10
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Muslimov AE, Tarasov AP, Kanevsky VM. Interference Phenomena and Stimulated Emission in ZnO Films on Sapphire. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6409. [PMID: 36143718 PMCID: PMC9503717 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We studied the texturing, roughness, and morphology features of ZnO films grown on the R (11¯02)-, M (101¯0)-, A (112¯0)-, and C (0001)-planes of sapphire, as well as their optical and luminescent properties. We showed that the growth conditions, substrate orientation, and the presence of a buffer layer significantly affected the structure and morphology of the growing films, which was reflected in their optical and radiative properties. In particular, films grown on the A- and M- planes of sapphire showed the highest UV radiation brightness values and exhibited stimulated emissions upon pulsed photoexcitation. The dependence of the topography of the film surface on the substrate orientation allowed the formation of a smooth continuous film with pronounced interference properties using the R- and M- planes of sapphire. A change in the crystallographic orientation, as well as a significant enhancement in crystallinity and luminescence, were observed for ZnO films grown on R-plane sapphire substrates with a gold buffer layer as compared to films grown on bare substrates. At the same time, the use of gold facilitates a significant smoothing of the film's surface, retaining its interference properties. The sensitivity of interference and laser properties to changes in the external environment, as well as the ease of fabrication of such structures, create prospects for their application as key elements of optical converters, chemical and biological sensors, and sources of coherent radiation.
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11
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Fabrication, Characterization, Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities of ZnO Nanoparticles Doped with Y and Ce Elements. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02348-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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12
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Solangi AG, Pirzada T, Shah AA, Halepoto IA, Chang AS, Solangi ZA, Solangi MY, Aftab U, Tonezzer M, Tahira A, Nafady A, Medany SS, Ibupoto ZH. Phytochemicals of mustard (
Brassica Campestris
) leaves tuned the nickel‐cobalt bimetallic oxide properties for enzyme‐free sensing of glucose. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tajness Pirzada
- Institute of Chemistry Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur Mirs Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Ahmed Shah
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan
| | | | | | - Zulifqar Ali Solangi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yameen Solangi
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro Pakistan
| | - Umair Aftab
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro Pakistan
| | - Matteo Tonezzer
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism (IMEM), Italian‐National‐Research‐Council (CNR) Trento Italy
| | - Aneela Tahira
- Institute of Chemistry University of Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan
| | - Ayman Nafady
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Shymaa S. Medany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
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Synthesis of Metal–Organic Frameworks Quantum Dots Composites as Sensors for Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147980. [PMID: 35887328 PMCID: PMC9324456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hazardous chemical compounds such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are widespread and part of the materials we use daily. Among these compounds, bisphenol A (BPA) is the most common endocrine-disrupting chemical and is prevalent due to the chemical raw materials used to manufacture thermoplastic polymers, rigid foams, and industrial coatings. General exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals constitutes a serious health hazard, especially to reproductive systems, and can lead to transgenerational diseases in adults due to exposure to these chemicals over several years. Thus, it is necessary to develop sensors for early detection of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In recent years, the use of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as sensors for EDCs has been explored due to their distinctive characteristics, such as wide surface area, outstanding chemical fastness, structural tuneability, gas storage, molecular separation, proton conductivity, and catalyst activity, among others which can be modified to sense hazardous environmental pollutants such as EDCs. In order to improve the versatility of MOFs as sensors, semiconductor quantum dots have been introduced into the MOF pores to form metal–organic frameworks/quantum dots composites. These composites possess a large optical absorption coefficient, low toxicity, direct bandgap, formidable sensing capacity, high resistance to change under light and tunable visual qualities by varying the size and compositions, which make them useful for applications as sensors for probing of dangerous and risky environmental contaminants such as EDCs and more. In this review, we explore various synthetic strategies of (MOFs), quantum dots (QDs), and metal–organic framework quantum dots composites (MOFs@QDs) as efficient compounds for the sensing of ecological pollutants, contaminants, and toxicants such as EDCs. We also summarize various compounds or materials used in the detection of BPA as well as the sensing ability and capability of MOFs, QDs, and MOFs@QDs composites that can be used as sensors for EDCs and BPA.
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Shen Y, Wu B, Liu W, Zhu H, Zhang B, Lu Q, Ren Y, Chen F. Femtosecond laser writing of waveguides in zinc oxide crystals: fabrication and mode modulation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:27694-27703. [PMID: 36236935 DOI: 10.1364/oe.462649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report for the first time on optical waveguides in zinc oxide (ZnO) crystals fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing. The confocal Raman microscopy under 488 nm laser excitation is used to investigate the micro-modifications of the laser irradiation, and guiding properties are studied via the end-face coupling at 632.8 nm. The mode modulation has been achieved by the adjustment of laser writing parameters. A minimum propagation loss of ∼6 dB/cm is obtained for the double-line waveguide structures. A Y-branch waveguide beam splitter is also fabricated, reaching a splitting ratio of nearly 1:1. The original optical properties in the guiding region have been well preserved, according to the confocal Raman investigation, which suggests potential applications of the ZnO waveguides for integrated photonics and nonlinear optics.
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Electrochemical cholesterol sensors based on nanostructured metal oxides: Current progress and future perspectives. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Sensors: Physics, Materials, and Applications. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22030820. [PMID: 35161565 PMCID: PMC8839725 DOI: 10.3390/s22030820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are the guided waves that propagate along the top surface of a material with wave vectors orthogonal to the normal direction to the surface. Based on these waves, SAW sensors are conceptualized by employing piezoelectric crystals where the guided elastodynamic waves are generated through an electromechanical coupling. Electromechanical coupling in both active and passive modes is achieved by integrating interdigitated electrode transducers (IDT) with the piezoelectric crystals. Innovative meta-designs of the periodic IDTs define the functionality and application of SAW sensors. This review article presents the physics of guided surface acoustic waves and the piezoelectric materials used for designing SAW sensors. Then, how the piezoelectric materials and cuts could alter the functionality of the sensors is explained. The article summarizes a few key configurations of the electrodes and respective guidelines for generating different guided wave patterns such that new applications can be foreseen. Finally, the article explores the applications of SAW sensors and their progress in the fields of biomedical, microfluidics, chemical, and mechano-biological applications along with their crucial roles and potential plans for improvements in the long-term future in the field of science and technology.
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17
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Ling OP, Ardani MR, Baharun N, Aziz A, Rezan SA. Synthesis of multi-hollow flake like ZnO nanostructures via facile hydrothermal technique. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2021.2025083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. P. Ling
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - M. R. Ardani
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - N. Baharun
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - A. Aziz
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - S. A. Rezan
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
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18
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Mubeen M, Khalid MA, Shahrum S, Mukhtar M, Sumreen P, Tabassum M, Ul-Hamid A, Nadeem MA, Iqbal A. Exploring the photoexcited electron transfer dynamics in artificial sunscreen PBSA-coupled biocompatible ZnO quantum dots. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01153k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Frequent exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation without any protection turns out to be a fatal threat leading to skin cancer, necessitating the use of sunscreen cosmetic product with enhanced efficiency to dissipate the UV absorbed energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mubeen
- Department of chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Saba Shahrum
- Department of chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Maria Mukhtar
- Department of chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Poshmal Sumreen
- Department of chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Mamoona Tabassum
- Department of chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Ul-Hamid
- Core Research Facilities, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Azhar Iqbal
- Department of chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
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19
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Manimekala T, Sivasubramanian R, Dharmalingam G. Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors using Field-Effect Transistors: A Review. JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2022; 51:1950-1973. [PMID: 35250154 PMCID: PMC8881998 DOI: 10.1007/s11664-022-09492-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Field-effect transistor biosensors (Bio-FET) have attracted great interest in recent years owing to their distinctive properties like high sensitivity, good selectivity, and easy integration into portable and wearable electronic devices. Bio-FET performance mainly relies on the constituent components such as the bio-recognition layer and the transducer, which ensures device stability, sensitivity, and lifetime. Nanomaterial-based Bio-FETs are excellent candidates for biosensing applications. This review discusses the basic concepts, function, and working principles of Bio-FETs, and focuses on the progress of recent research in Bio-FETs in the sensing of neurotransmitters, glucose, nucleic acids, proteins, viruses, and cancer biomarkers using nanomaterials. Finally, challenges in the development of Bio-FETs, as well as an outlook on the prospects of nano Bio-FET-based sensing in various fields, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Manimekala
- Plasmonic Nanomaterials Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641004 India
- Electrochemical Sensors and Energy Materials Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641004 India
| | - R. Sivasubramanian
- Electrochemical Sensors and Energy Materials Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641004 India
| | - Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam
- Plasmonic Nanomaterials Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641004 India
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20
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Pradhan A, Lahare P, Sinha P, Singh N, Gupta B, Kuca K, Ghosh KK, Krejcar O. Biosensors as Nano-Analytical Tools for COVID-19 Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:7823. [PMID: 34883826 PMCID: PMC8659776 DOI: 10.3390/s21237823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Selective, sensitive and affordable techniques to detect disease and underlying health issues have been developed recently. Biosensors as nanoanalytical tools have taken a front seat in this context. Nanotechnology-enabled progress in the health sector has aided in disease and pandemic management at a very early stage efficiently. This report reflects the state-of-the-art of nanobiosensor-based virus detection technology in terms of their detection methods, targets, limits of detection, range, sensitivity, assay time, etc. The article effectively summarizes the challenges with traditional technologies and newly emerging biosensors, including the nanotechnology-based detection kit for COVID-19; optically enhanced technology; and electrochemical, smart and wearable enabled nanobiosensors. The less explored but crucial piezoelectric nanobiosensor and the reverse transcription-loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)-based biosensor are also discussed here. The article could be of significance to researchers and doctors dedicated to developing potent, versatile biosensors for the rapid identification of COVID-19. This kind of report is needed for selecting suitable treatments and to avert epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Pradhan
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Preeti Lahare
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Priyank Sinha
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Namrata Singh
- Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, DY Patil University, Nerul, Navi Mumbai 400706, India
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Bhanushree Gupta
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kallol K. Ghosh
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India
| | - Ondrej Krejcar
- Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
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21
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Rison S, Rajeev R, Bhat VS, Mathews AT, Varghese A, Hegde G. Non-enzymatic electrochemical determination of salivary cortisol using ZnO-graphene nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2021; 11:37877-37885. [PMID: 35498093 PMCID: PMC9043917 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07366d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemically deposited ZnO nanoparticles on a pencil graphite electrode (PGE) coated with graphene generate a noteworthy conductive and selective electrochemical sensing electrode for the estimation of cortisol. Electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) tests were adopted to analyze and understand the nature of the modified sensor. Surface morphological analysis was done using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Structural characterization was conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of scan rate, concentration, and cycle numbers was optimized and reported. Differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) analysis reveals that the linear range for the detection of cortisol is 5 × 10−10M − 115 × 10−10 M with a very low-level limit of detection value (0.15 nM). The demonstrated methodology has been excellently functional for the determination of salivary cortisol non-enzymatically at low-level concentration with enhanced selectivity despite the presence of interfering substances. Electrochemically deposited ZnO nanoparticles on a pencil graphite electrode (PGE) coated with graphene generate a noteworthy conductive and selective electrochemical sensing electrode for the estimation of cortisol.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Rison
- Christ Academy Institute For Advanced Studies Christ Nagar Bangalore 560083 India.,Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bangalore 560029 India
| | - Rijo Rajeev
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bangalore 560029 India
| | - Vinay S Bhat
- Centre for Nano-materials and Displays, B.M.S College of Engineering Bull Temple Road Bangalore 560019 India
| | - Agnus T Mathews
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bangalore 560029 India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bangalore 560029 India
| | - Gurumurthy Hegde
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bangalore 560029 India .,Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bangalore 560029 India
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22
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Mokrushin AS, Gorban’ YM, Simonenko NP, Simonenko EP, Sevast’yanov VG, Kuznetsov NT. Nanostructured ZnO Films with Enhanced Sensitivity to CO Synthesized by AACVD. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023621090072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Xu YQ, Bao QY, Yu SX, Liu Q, Xie Y, Li X, Liu YJ, Shen YH. A Novel Microfluidic Chip for Fast, Sensitive Quantification of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers in Patients With Osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:709255. [PMID: 34527582 PMCID: PMC8437394 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.709255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma circulating extracellular vesicle (EV) has emerged as a promising biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of various epithelial tumors. However, fast and efficient capture of EVs with microfluidic chip in sarcoma remains to be established. Herein, we reported a ZnO-nanorods integrated (ZNI) microfluidic chip, where EV capture antibody was uniformly grafted to the surface of the ZnO-nanorods of the chip to enhance the plasma turbulence formation and the capture efficiency at the micro-scale. Based on osteosarcoma (OS) cell line, we demonstrated that a combination of CD81 and CD63 antibody on ZNI chip yielded the greatest amount of total EVs, with an extra sensitive limit of detection (LOD) of ~104 particles mL-1. Furthermore, the addition of fluorescent labeling of Vimentin (VIM), a previously reported sarcoma cell surface biomarker, could enabled the dual visualization of total plasma EVs and VIM-positive EVs from OS patients' plasma. Based on our ZNI chip, we found that the amount of plasma total EVs was significantly different between OS and healthy donors (1562 a.u. versus 639 a.u., p< 0.05), but not between metastatic and nonmetastatic OS (p> 0.05). Interestingly, patients with metastatic disease had a significantly greater amount of VIM-positive EVs (1411 a.u. versus 231 a.u.., p< 0.05) and increased VIM-positive/total EVs ratio (0.943 versus 0.211, p< 0.05) in comparison with the nonmetastatic counterpart. Therefore, our ZNI microfluidic chip has great potential for the fast quantification of plasma EVs, and the microfluidic-based quantification of total and VIM-positive EVs might serve as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and surveillance in OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qi Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Yuan Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sai-Xi Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Hui Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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24
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Ben Moussa N, Lajnef M, Jebari N, Villebasse C, Bayle F, Chaste J, Madouri A, Chtourou R, Herth E. Synthesis of ZnO sol-gel thin-films CMOS-Compatible. RSC Adv 2021; 11:22723-22733. [PMID: 35480429 PMCID: PMC9034376 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02241e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a II–VI group semiconductor with a wide direct bandgap and is an important material for various fields of industry and high-technological applications. The effects of thickness, annealing process in N2 and air, optical properties, and morphology of ZnO thin-films are studied. A low-cost sol–gel spin-coating technique is used in this study for the simple synthesis of eco-friendly ZnO multilayer films deposited on (100)-oriented silicon substrates ranging from 150 to 600 nm by adjusting the spin coating rate. The ZnO sol–gel thin-films using precursor solutions of molarity 0.75 M exhibit an average optical transparency above 98%, with an optical band gap energy of 3.42 eV. The c-axis (002) orientation of the ZnO thin-films annealed at 400 °C were mainly influenced by the thickness of the multilayer, which is of interest for piezoelectric applications. These results demonstrate that a low-temperature method can be used to produce an eco-friendly, cost-effective ZnO sol–gel that is compatible with a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and integrated-circuits (IC). A low-cost sol–gel spin-coating technique is used in this study for the simple synthesis of eco-friendly ZnO multilayer films deposited on (100)-oriented silicon substrates ranging from 150 to 600 nm by adjusting the spin coating rate.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar Ben Moussa
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS UMR 9001, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Palaiseau 91120 France .,Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Systems for Renewable Energies (LaNSER), Research and Technologies Centre of Energy, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar Technopark Borj Cedria BP 095 Hammam Lif Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Lajnef
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Systems for Renewable Energies (LaNSER), Research and Technologies Centre of Energy, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar Technopark Borj Cedria BP 095 Hammam Lif Tunisia
| | - Nessrine Jebari
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS UMR 9001, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Palaiseau 91120 France
| | - Cedric Villebasse
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS UMR 9001, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Palaiseau 91120 France
| | - Fabien Bayle
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS UMR 9001, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Palaiseau 91120 France
| | - Julien Chaste
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS UMR 9001, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Palaiseau 91120 France
| | - Ali Madouri
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS UMR 9001, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Palaiseau 91120 France
| | - Radouane Chtourou
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Systems for Renewable Energies (LaNSER), Research and Technologies Centre of Energy, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar Technopark Borj Cedria BP 095 Hammam Lif Tunisia
| | - Etienne Herth
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS UMR 9001, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay Palaiseau 91120 France
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25
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Nundy S, Ghosh A, Tahir A, Mallick TK. Role of Hafnium Doping on Wetting Transition Tuning the Wettability Properties of ZnO and Doped Thin Films: Self-Cleaning Coating for Solar Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:25540-25552. [PMID: 34024103 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we successfully synthesized high-quality Hf-ZnO thin films with various Hf contents (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 at. %), which showed both superhydrophilic (6% Hf-ZnO) and ultrahydrophobic (15% Hf-ZnO) wetting behavior. Different characterization methods were opted to recognize the structural (XRD, SEM, AFM) and defect properties (XPS) of the pristine and doped materials, to understand the mechanisms underlying the tuning of wetting behavior (contact angle). Hafnium doping plays a noteworthy role in tuning the morphology of the ZnO nanostructures, roughness of the material surface, generation of defects, Lewis acid-base interactions, and wettability properties. We achieved a superhydrophilic surface with 6% Hf-ZnO owing to a smooth surface, less basicity, and maximum concentration of oxygen vacancies, and also an ultrahydrophobic surface with 15% Hf-ZnO because of the rough surface, high basicity, and minimum concentration of oxygen vacancies. The as prepared Hf-ZnO samples showed stable performance (stability, wearability, weatherability, and antifouling) under real-life conditions marking them multifunctional and biosafe material to be effectively used in solar and building's window. A wetting mechanism was established to relate the wetting behavior of the samples to oxygen vacancies (active sites for water dissociation: resulted due to charge mismatch of host cation (Zn2+) by the doped cation (Hf4+)), roughness (smooth surface (Wenzel) with minimum Rrms (0.588) portraying hydrophilic property and rough caltropic surface (Cassie-Baxter) with maximum Rrms (2.522) portraying hydrophobic property), basicity (H2O: Lewis Base; ZnO: Lewis acid; HfO2: Lewis base) and morphology (tube-like structure (0-6% Hf-ZnO) and caltrop-like structure (12-15% Hf-ZnO)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijita Nundy
- Environmental and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, U.K
| | - Aritra Ghosh
- Environmental and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, U.K
| | - Asif Tahir
- Environmental and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, U.K
| | - Tapas K Mallick
- Environmental and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, U.K
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26
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Bahl S, Bagha AK, Rab S, Javaid M, Haleem A, Singh RP. Advancements in Biosensor Technologies for Medical Field and COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL INTEGRATION AND MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s2424862221500081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
World health organization (WHO) has declared the COVID-19 outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern and then as a pandemic on 30th of January and 11th of March 2020, respectively. After such concern, the world scientific communities have rushed to search for solutions to bring down the disease’s spread, fast-paced vaccine development, and associated medical research using modern technologies. Biosensor technologies play a crucial role in diagnosing various medical diseases, including COVID-19. The present paper describes the major advancement of biosensor-based technological solutions for medical diagnosis, including COVID-19. This review-based work covers the biosensors and their working principles in the context of medical applications. The paper also discusses different biosensors and their applications to tackle medical issues, including this ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Bahl
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Hoshiarpur Campus, Hoshiarpur 146001, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Bagha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar 144011, India
| | - Shanay Rab
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohd Javaid
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Abid Haleem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ravi Pratap Singh
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar 144011, India
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27
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Mokrushin AS, Nagornov IA, Averin AA, Simonenko NP, Simonenko TL, Simonenko EP, Sevastyanov VG, Kuznetsov NT. Effect of the Addition of Cerium Acetylacetonate on the Synthesis of ZnO Nanopowder. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023621050119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Ahmadi M, Khorramshahi V. Enhancing the Conductivity of the Nanostructured ZnO Thin Film by Vacuum Annealing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x2150023x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
ZnO thin films were successfully synthesized using a facile chemical route and were characterized employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and photoluminescence (PL) analysis. The obtained precursor was spin-coated on Si(100)/SiO2 wafers, then the substrates were divided into two groups for the thermal annealing at ambient and vacuum conditions. Morphological characterization showed the formation of nanoflowers and porous structures at different annealing conditions. The effect of vacuum annealing on the current-voltage characterization of ZnO thin film has been presented to inspect the role of annealing condition in device fabrication. The electrical properties of the ZnO thin films were performed in the temperature range of 75–[Formula: see text]C. At [Formula: see text]C, the ambient annealed sample presents the current value of 10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A for 5[Formula: see text]V, and the vacuum annealed sample reaches the maximum current of 3.1[Formula: see text]mA for the same operating voltage. The presence of oxygen vacancies notably affects the electrical properties of ZnO thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monelee Ahmadi
- Materials and Energy Research Center, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran
| | - Vahid Khorramshahi
- Materials and Energy Research Center, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran
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29
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Bhide A, Lin KC, Muthukumar S, Prasad S. On-demand lactate monitoring towards assessing physiological responses in sedentary populations. Analyst 2021; 146:3482-3492. [PMID: 33955985 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00455g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Identification of diseases in sedentary populations on a timely basis before reaching a critical stage is a continuing challenge faced by emergency care centers. Lactate is a key biomarker for monitoring restricted oxygen supply essential for assessing the physiological responses of the user for clinical diagnostics. The novelty of this work is the development of a non-invasive, mediator-free, stick and remove biosensor for the on-demand measurement of lactate in passive sweat targeted towards sedentary populations. The conformable interface of the biosensors with skin can be engineered to extract relevant biochemical signals and quantify the in situ sweat biomarker levels. In this work, we demonstrate a highly sensitive and specific on-demand biosensor with a fabricated hybrid nanotextured Au/ZnO electrode stack embedded within a flexible nanoporous material to capture the temporal dynamics of passive sweat lactate. The biosensor exhibits a lactate specific response in human sweat with a 1 mM lower limit of detection and a wide dynamic detection range of 1-100 mM (R2 = 0.98). The proposed biosensor has a sensitivity of 8.3% mM-1 while selectivity studies reveal negative interactions with non-specific molecules. The sensor stability studies showed an ∼30% degradation in the lactate biosensing response over a 4-day duration when stored at 4 °C. Non-faradaic electrochemical spectroscopy is employed as the detection modality to quantify the enzymatic catalysis of sweat lactate at the electrode-sweat interface. Spectroscopic characterization techniques such as XPS, ATR-FTIR, and zeta potential measurements confirm the enzymatic assay binding efficacy on a qualitative scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlesha Bhide
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX-75080, USA.
| | - Kai-Chun Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX-75080, USA.
| | | | - Shalini Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX-75080, USA.
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30
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Rice-Like ZnO Architecture: An Eminent Electrode Material for High-Performance Ultracapacitor Application. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-01922-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Fazio E, Spadaro S, Corsaro C, Neri G, Leonardi SG, Neri F, Lavanya N, Sekar C, Donato N, Neri G. Metal-Oxide Based Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characterization and Their Applications in Electrical and Electrochemical Sensors. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21072494. [PMID: 33916680 PMCID: PMC8038368 DOI: 10.3390/s21072494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pure, mixed and doped metal oxides (MOX) have attracted great interest for the development of electrical and electrochemical sensors since they are cheaper, faster, easier to operate and capable of online analysis and real-time identification. This review focuses on highly sensitive chemoresistive type sensors based on doped-SnO2, RhO, ZnO-Ca, Smx-CoFe2−xO4 semiconductors used to detect toxic gases (H2, CO, NO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (e.g., acetone, ethanol) in monitoring of gaseous markers in the breath of patients with specific pathologies and for environmental pollution control. Interesting results about the monitoring of biochemical substances as dopamine, epinephrine, serotonin and glucose have been also reported using electrochemical sensors based on hybrid MOX nanocomposite modified glassy carbon and screen-printed carbon electrodes. The fundamental sensing mechanisms and commercial limitations of the MOX-based electrical and electrochemical sensors are discussed providing research directions to bridge the existing gap between new sensing concepts and real-world analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Fazio
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (F.N.)
- Correspondence: (E.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Salvatore Spadaro
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (F.N.)
| | - Carmelo Corsaro
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (F.N.)
- Correspondence: (E.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Giulia Neri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Gianluca Leonardi
- Institute of Advanced Technologies for Energy (ITAE)—CNR, Salita Santa Lucia Sopra Contesse 5, I-98126 Messina, Italy;
| | - Fortunato Neri
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (F.N.)
| | - Nehru Lavanya
- Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, India; (N.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Chinnathambi Sekar
- Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, India; (N.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Nicola Donato
- Department of Engineering, Messina University, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (N.D.); (G.N.)
| | - Giovanni Neri
- Department of Engineering, Messina University, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (N.D.); (G.N.)
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Al-Khalqi EM, Abdul Hamid MA, Al-Hardan NH, Keng LK. Highly Sensitive Magnesium-Doped ZnO Nanorod pH Sensors Based on Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor (EIS) Sensors. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21062110. [PMID: 33802968 PMCID: PMC8002599 DOI: 10.3390/s21062110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
For highly sensitive pH sensing, an electrolyte insulator semiconductor (EIS) device, based on ZnO nanorod-sensing membrane layers doped with magnesium, was proposed. ZnO nanorod samples prepared via a hydrothermal process with different Mg molar ratios (0–5%) were characterized to explore the impact of magnesium content on the structural and optical characteristics and sensing performance by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and photoluminescence (PL). The results indicated that the ZnO nanorods doped with 3% Mg had a high hydrogen ion sensitivity (83.77 mV/pH), linearity (96.06%), hysteresis (3 mV), and drift (0.218 mV/h) due to the improved crystalline quality and the surface hydroxyl group role of ZnO. In addition, the detection characteristics varied with the doping concentration and were suitable for developing biomedical detection applications with different detection elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensaf Mohammed Al-Khalqi
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (E.M.A.-K.); (N.H.A.-H.)
- Physics Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, Dhamar 87246, Yemen
| | - Muhammad Azmi Abdul Hamid
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (E.M.A.-K.); (N.H.A.-H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Naif H. Al-Hardan
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (E.M.A.-K.); (N.H.A.-H.)
| | - Lim Kar Keng
- Pusat Pengajian Citra Universiti, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Liu C, Zhang N, Huang X, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang S. Fabrication of a novel nanocomposite electrode with ZnO-MoO3 and biochar derived from mushroom biomaterials for the detection of acetaminophen in the presence of DA. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Tabatabaei MK, Fard HG, Koohsorkhi J, Mohammadnejad Arough J. High-performance immunosensor for urine albumin using hybrid architectures of ZnO nanowire/carbon nanotube. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 14:126-132. [PMID: 32433029 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the authors reported the hybrid architecture of carbon nanotube (CNT)-zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire as a multi-functional probe in amperometric immunosensor for the detection of urine albumin. Low-cost substrate such as glass is possible because of novel low-temperature growth process of CNT/ZnO nanowires as a multi-function electrode in this sensor. Based on Schottky like behaviour this structure exhibit excellent high current density to achieve higher performance. Measurement of urine albumin is a new way for early detection of diabetic and also low concentration of it in culture media is also considered in order to verify the conversion of stem cells to liver cells. Human albumin serum antibody is used as a selective and sensitive part. The amperometric performance of immunosensor is studied and showed excellent performance for detection of albumin in urine samples. Very high linear range (from 3.3 ng/µl to 3.3 mg/µl) with a correlation coefficient of 0.825 and low detection limit (3.3 ng/µl or 4.96 × 10-8 mol l-1) are the main characteristics of this sensor. Due to the high dynamic range and sensitivity, this sensor was also used in medical diagnosis and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hassan Ghafori Fard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, AmirKabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Koohsorkhi
- MEMS and NEMS Engineering Department, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Javad Mohammadnejad Arough
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Fabrication of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Deposited on (3-Aminopropyl) Triethoxysilane-Treated Silicon Substrates by an Optimized Voltage-Controlled Electrophoretic Deposition and Their Application as Fluorescence-Based Sensors. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a voltage controlled, reproducible, scalable, and cost-effective approach for depositing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) onto p-type silicon (Si) substrates, has been researched and analyzed for its feasibility with respect to electronic device fabrication and fluorescence-based sensors. Our work presents a detailed investigation to evaluate the influence of ZnO morphology, ZnO concentration, and the method of surface treatment applied to the underlying Si substrates, because these pertain to an optimized EPD system. It has been noted that the ZnO NP structures formed directly atop the (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES)-treated Si substrates were more adhesive, thus resulting in a higher yield of NPs over that of comparable depositions on bare silicon. Our observation is that smaller particle sizes of ZnO will increase the energy emission for fluorescence transmission, eliminate several peak emissions, obtain higher fluorescence quantum yield (FQY) efficiency, and require less excitation energy. The results obtained are promising in relation to the integration of EPD in the fabrication of nano biosensors, PV solar cells, nano electronic devices, and thin film transistors (TFTs), where ZnO improves the reliability, affordability, and increased sensitivity needed for the next generation of nanoscale devices and systems.
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Zhou H, Liu P, Du J, Wang F, Wang X, Du X. Selective and efficient solid-phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water by robust two-dimensional zinc oxide nanosheets grown on a superelastic nickel-titanium alloy fiber prior to determination by HPLC-UV. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5086-5096. [PMID: 33043955 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01469a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Oriented zinc oxide nanosheets (ZnONSs) were directly grown on pretreated nickel-titanium alloy (NiTi) fiber substrates without a traditional seeding layer of ZnO by electrochemical deposition for the first time. The fiber coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Direct growth of ZnONSs on the NiTi fiber substrate was dependent on the type of zinc salt. The adsorption performance of the ZnONSs coatings was evaluated using representative aromatic compounds as model analytes together with high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The as-prepared fiber shows higher extraction capability for the selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) than for ultraviolet filters in water samples, and better extraction selectivity for PAHs. For this purpose, the important experimental parameters were optimized for the extraction of PAHs. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curves are linear in the range of 0.03-200 μg L-1 with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. Limits of detection ranged from 0.011 μg L-1 to 0.082 μg L-1. Intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the developed method with a single fiber ranged from 2.69% to 4.18% and from 4.44% to 5.40%, respectively. RSDs for the fiber-to-fiber reproducibility varied between 5.57% and 7.66%. The developed method was successfully applied for selective preconcentration and determination of trace PAHs in five real water samples. Relative recoveries varied from 84.5% to 104% with RSDs between 1.65% and 8.30%. Furthermore, the as-prepared fiber is highly stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Pei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Junliang Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Feifei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Xuemei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China. and Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xinzhen Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China. and Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Liu C, Pang W, Duan X, Wang Y. Dual Functions of Ghz Frequency Acoustic Resonator System for Biosamples Capture and Sensing. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2020:3994-3997. [PMID: 33018875 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This work reports a novel acoustic resonator system integrated dual functions of biological samples capture and amount monitoring on a single chip. The system could capture samples from nano-sized proteins to micro-sized cells on micro-sized chip precisely with controllable concentration, meanwhile the high sensitivity mass sensing was achieved during the capture process. The devices were further applied to study the cell growth and cytotoxicity. Results indicated that it was possible to capture and monitor the physiological changes in a single cell level. This work explores a new opportunity on the development of miniaturized multiplex biosensing devices on a single chip.
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38
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Verma S, Arya P, Singh A, Kaswan J, Shukla A, Kushwaha HR, Gupta S, Singh SP. ZnO-rGO nanocomposite based bioelectrode for sensitive and ultrafast detection of dopamine in human serum. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bahariqushchi R, Cosentino S, Scuderi M, Dumons E, Tran-Huu-Hue LP, Strano V, Grandjean D, Lievens P, Poulin-Vittrant G, Spinella C, Terrasi A, Franzò G, Mirabella S. Free carrier enhanced depletion in ZnO nanorods decorated with bimetallic AuPt nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19213-19222. [PMID: 32926047 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04134c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The decoration of semiconductor nanostructures with small metallic clusters usually leads to an improvement of their properties in sensing or catalysis. Bimetallic cluster decoration typically is claimed to be even more effective. Here, we report a detailed investigation of the effects of Au, Pt or AuPt nanocluster decoration of ZnO nanorods on charge transport, photoluminescence and UV sensitivity. ZnO nanorods were synthesized by chemical bath deposition while decoration with small nanoclusters (2-3 nm in size) was achieved by a laser-ablation based cluster beam deposition technology. The structural properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, and the optoelectronic properties by current-voltage and photoluminescence measurements. The extent of band bending at the cluster-ZnO interface was quantitatively modeled through numerical simulations. The decoration of ZnO nanorods with monometallic Au or Pt nanoclusters causes a significant depletion of free electrons below the surface, leading to a reduction of UV photoluminescence, an increase of ZnO nanorod dark resistance (up to 200 times) and, as a consequence, an improved sensitivity (up to 6 times) to UV light. These effects are strongly enhanced (up to 450 and 10 times, respectively) when ZnO nanorods are decorated with bimetallic AuPt nanoclusters that substantially augment the depletion of free carriers likely due to a more efficient absorption of the gas molecules on the surface of the bimetallic AuPt nanoclusters than on that of their monometallic counterparts. The depletion of free carriers in cluster decorated ZnO nanorods is quantitatively investigated and modelled, allowing the application of these composite materials in UV sensing and light induced catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Cosentino
- IMM-CNR, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - M Scuderi
- IMM-CNR, VIII strada 5, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - E Dumons
- GREMAN UMR 7347 CNRS, INSA Centre Val de Loire, Université de Tours, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, CS 23410, 41034 BLOIS cedex, France
| | - L P Tran-Huu-Hue
- GREMAN UMR 7347 CNRS, INSA Centre Val de Loire, Université de Tours, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, CS 23410, 41034 BLOIS cedex, France
| | - V Strano
- BRIT (Bio-nanotechResearchInnovationTower), Università degli Studi di Catania, via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - D Grandjean
- Quantum Solid State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Lievens
- Quantum Solid State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Poulin-Vittrant
- GREMAN UMR 7347 CNRS, INSA Centre Val de Loire, Université de Tours, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, CS 23410, 41034 BLOIS cedex, France
| | - C Spinella
- IMM-CNR, VIII strada 5, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - A Terrasi
- IMM-CNR, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - G Franzò
- IMM-CNR, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - S Mirabella
- IMM-CNR, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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40
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Babu KS, Pinheiro PF, Marques CF, Justino GC, Andrade SM, Alves MM. Flexible ZnO-mAb nanoplatforms for selective peripheral blood mononuclear cell immobilization. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15018. [PMID: 32929172 PMCID: PMC7490409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second cause of death worldwide. This devastating disease requires specific, fast, and affordable solutions to mitigate and reverse this trend. A step towards cancer-fighting lies in the isolation of natural killer (NK) cells, a set of innate immune cells, that can either be used as biomarkers of tumorigenesis or, after autologous transplantation, to fight aggressive metastatic cells. In order to specifically isolate NK cells (which express the surface NKp30 receptor) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, a ZnO immunoaffinity-based platform was developed by electrodeposition of the metal oxide on a flexible indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The resulting crystalline and well-aligned ZnO nanorods (NRs) proved their efficiency in immobilizing monoclonal anti-human NKp30 antibodies (mAb), obviating the need for additional procedures for mAb immobilization. The presence of NK cells on the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) fraction was evaluated by the response to their natural ligand (B7-H6) using an acridine orange (AO)-based assay. The successful selection of NK cells from PBMCs by our nanoplatform was assessed by the photoluminescent properties of AO. This easy and straightforward ZnO-mAb nanoplatform paves the way for the design of biosensors for clinic diagnosis, and, due to its inherent biocompatibility, for the initial selection of NK cells for autotransplantation immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sowri Babu
- Division of Physics, Dept. Of Science and Humanities, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed To Be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur, AP, 522213, India
| | - Pedro F Pinheiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cátia F Marques
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo C Justino
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Suzana M Andrade
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Marta M Alves
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Emani PS, Maddah HA, Rangoonwala A, Che S, Prajapati A, Singh MR, Gruen DM, Berry V, Behura SK. Organophilicity of Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Wettability of ZnO Nanorods. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:39772-39780. [PMID: 32805940 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interfacing two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) platelets with one-dimensional zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO) would create mixed-dimensional heterostructures suitable for modern optoelectronic devices. However, there remains a lack in understanding of interfacial chemistry and wettability in GO-coated ZnO nanorods heterostructures. Here, we propose a hydroxyl-based dissociation-exchange mechanism to understand interfacial interactions responsible for GO adsorption onto ZnO nanorods hydrophobic substrates. The proposed mechanism initiated from mixing GO suspensions with various organics would allow us to overcome the poor wettability (θ ∼ 140.5°) of the superhydrophobic ZnO nanorods to the drop-casted GO. The addition of different classes of organics into the relatively high pH GO suspension with a volumetric ratio of 1:3 (organic-to-GO) is believed to introduce free radicals (-OH and -COOH), which consequently result in enhancing adhesion (chemisorption) between ZnO nanorods and GO platelets. The wettability study shows as high as 75% reduction in the contact angle (θ = 35.5°) when the GO suspension is mixed with alcohols (e.g., ethanol) prior to interfacing with ZnO nanorods. The interfacial chemistry developed here brings forth a scalable tool for designing graphene-coated ZnO heterojunctions for photovoltaics, photocatalysis, biosensors, and UV detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan S Emani
- Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Hisham A Maddah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arjun Rangoonwala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Songwei Che
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Aditya Prajapati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Meenesh R Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Dieter M Gruen
- Dimerond Technologies, LLC, 1324 59th Street, Downers Grove, Illinois 60516, United States
| | - Vikas Berry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Sanjay K Behura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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42
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Singh J, Singh RC. Structural, optical, dielectric and transport properties of ball mill synthesized ZnO–V2O5 nano-composites. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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43
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Kumar D, Bhatkalkar SG, Sachar S, Ali A. Studies on the antiglycating potential of zinc oxide nanoparticle and its interaction with BSA. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:6918-6925. [PMID: 32762507 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1803137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been proven to be a great tool as bio-sensors, medical therapeutic agents and drug delivery vehicles. In this study, the chemically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been characterized with UV-spectrophotometer, FTIR, XRD, TEM and DLS. These ZnO NPs were investigated with respect to their binding interaction with serum albumin and the thermodynamic parameters of these interactions at different temperatures. Glycation process was checked in the presence of ZnO NPs by measuring fructosamine and carbonyl content for glycated end products and aggregation by Congo red assay. The intrinsic activities of bovine serum albumin (BSA) like esterase and cysteine reactivity were also evaluated in the presence of ZnO NPs. The results indicate that the ZnO NPs showed static as well as dynamic binding interaction with BSA, reduced the content of glycation products and prevented the glycation induced aggregation and antioxidant properties. Therefore, these findings suggest that ZnO NPs may be used for drug delivery agents and antiglycating as well as an antioxidant agent.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
| | | | - Shilpee Sachar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Ahmad Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
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44
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Wu S, Tan Q, Forsberg E, Hu S, He S. In-situ dual-channel surface plasmon resonance fiber sensor for temperature-compensated detection of glucose concentration. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:21046-21061. [PMID: 32680152 DOI: 10.1364/oe.395524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
External temperature variations inevitably affect the accuracy of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors. To that end, we propose an ultra-compact label-free dual-channel SPR fiber sensor (DSPRFS) that can simultaneously measure the glucose concentration and ambient temperature in real-time. The proposed sensor is based on a unique dual-channel structure fabricated by etching a side-hole fiber (SHF), and has significantly higher spatial sensitivity than traditional SPR biosensors. After coating with silver and zinc oxide films, one channel was filled with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to sense the ambient temperature, and the other channel was immobilized with glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme for glucose sensing. The proposed sensor is analyzed theoretically, fabricated and characterized. Glucose concentration sensitivity and temperature sensitivity of the manufactured sensor sample were found to be as high as 6.156 nm/mMand -1.604 nm/°C with limits of detection (LOD) of 16.24 µM and 0.06 °C, respectively. The proposed sensor has an extremely compact structure, enables temperature compensation, and is suitable for in-situ monitoring and high-precision sensing of glucose and other biological analytes.
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45
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Analysis of the Binding of Analyte-Receptor in a Micro-Fluidic Channel for a Biosensor based on Brownian Motion. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11060570. [PMID: 32503275 PMCID: PMC7346006 DOI: 10.3390/mi11060570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study experimentally analyses the binding characteristics of analytes mixed in liquid samples flowing along a micro-channel to the receptor fixed on the wall of the micro-channel to provide design tools and data for a microfluidic-based biosensor. The binding or detection characteristics are analyzed experimentally by counting the number of analytes bound to the receptor, with sample analyte concentration, sample flow rate, and the position of the receptor along the micro-channel length as the main variables. A mathematical model is also proposed to predict the number of analytes transported and bound to the receptor based on a probability density function for Brownian motion. The coefficient in the mathematical model is obtained by using a dimensionless mathematical model and the experimental results. The coefficient remains valid for all different conditions of the sample analyte concentration, flow rate, and the position of the receptor, which implies the possibility of deriving a generalized model. Based on the mathematical model derived from mathematical and experimental analysis on the detection characteristics of the microfluidic-based biosensor depending on previously mentioned variables and the height of the micro-channel, this study suggests a design for a microfluidic-based biosensor by predicting the binding efficiency according to the channel height. The results show the binding efficiency increases as the flow rate decreases and as the receptor is placed closer to the sample-injecting inlet, but is unaffected by sample concentration.
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Njoko N, Louzada M, Britton J, Khene S, Nyokong T, Mashazi P. Bioelectrocatalysis and surface analysis of gold coated with nickel oxide/hydroxide and glucose oxidase towards detection of glucose. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 190:110981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hatami Z, Ragheb E, Jalali F, Tabrizi MA, Shamsipur M. Zinc oxide-gold nanocomposite as a proper platform for label-free DNA biosensor. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 133:107458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ejaz A, Han JH, Dahiya R. Influence of solvent molecular geometry on the growth of nanostructures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 570:322-331. [PMID: 32171094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Solvent properties such as surface tension, dielectric constant, and viscosity have been extensively studied over more than 150 years to understand their influence on the growth kinetics of nanostructures. Interestingly, these nanoparticles-based studies have missed the influence of solvent molecular geometry. Herein, by synthesizing ZnO nanorods on a highly conductive nitrogen incorporated graphene oxide (N-GO) substrate, we present the first study showing the influence of solvent molecular geometry on the growth mechanism of nanostructures. The solvents such as water (N-GO-ZnO-W) allow a large number of functional atoms along a, b and c-axis to coordinate in all possible directions with the metal ions of wurtzite hexagonal crystal system of ZnO and thus leads to lower aspect ratio nanorods. On the contrary, the unavailability of binding sites along a-axis for solvents such as ethanol (N-GO-ZnO-E) provides a size-limiting effect and leads to preferred growth along b and c-axis, thus generating ZnO nanorods with a higher aspect ratio. The study shows that the number of interacting atoms, carbon chain length and the solvent molecular geometry influence the aspect ratio and therefore a solvent could be used to tune the nanostructures morphology and hence the performance of devices based on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammara Ejaz
- Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK; Nanocarbon Convergence Materials Lab (NCML), School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong H Han
- Nanocarbon Convergence Materials Lab (NCML), School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ravinder Dahiya
- Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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Briones M, Busó-Rogero C, Catalán-Gómez S, García-Mendiola T, Pariente F, Redondo-Cubero A, Lorenzo ME. ZnO nanowire-based fluorometric enzymatic assays for lactate and cholesterol. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:180. [PMID: 32076878 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A rapid fluorometric method is described for the determination of lactate and cholesterol by using ZnO nanowires (ZnO NWs). The assay is based on the detection of the hydrogen peroxide generated during the enzymatic reactions of the oxidation of lactate or cholesterol. Taking advantage of the electrostatic interactions between the enzymes and the ZnO NWs, two bioconjugates were prepared by mixing the nanomaterial and the enzymes, viz. lactate oxidase (LOx) or cholesterol oxidase (ChOx). The enzymatically generated hydrogen peroxide quenches the fluorescence of the ZnO NWs, which have emission peaks at 384 nm and at 520 nm under 330 nm photoexcitation. H2O2 quenches the 520 nm band more strongly. Response is linear up to 1.9 μM lactate concentration, and up to 1.1 μM cholesterol concentration. Relative standard deviation was found to be 5%. The detection limits for lactate and cholesterol are 0.54 and 0.24 μM, respectively. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of fluorescence assay based on ZnO nanowires photoluminiscence for lactate and colesterol detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Briones
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Busó-Rogero
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Catalán-Gómez
- Grupo de Electrónica y Semiconductores, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania García-Mendiola
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Pariente
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Redondo-Cubero
- Grupo de Electrónica y Semiconductores, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Encarnación Lorenzo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Campus Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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