1
|
Effects of Different Green Tea Extracts on Chronic Alcohol Induced-Fatty Liver Disease by Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:5188205. [PMID: 35003517 PMCID: PMC8731271 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5188205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is a common chronic liver disease and has become a critical global public health problem. Green tea is a popular drink worldwide and contains several bioactive compounds. Different green teas could contain diverse compounds and possess distinct bioactivities. In the present study, the effects of 10 green teas on chronic alcohol induced-fatty liver disease in mice were explored and compared. The results showed that several green teas significantly reduced triacylglycerol levels in serum and liver as well as the aminotransferase activities in mice at a dose of 200 mg/kg, suggesting that they possess hepatoprotective effects. Moreover, several green teas remarkably decreased the expression of cytochrome P450 2E1, the levels of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenoic acid, and the contents of proinflammatory cytokines, indicating that they could alleviate oxidation damage and inflammation induced by chronic alcohol exposure. In addition, Seven Star Matcha Tea and Selenium-Enriched Matcha Tea could increase glutathione level. Furthermore, the main phytochemical components in green teas were determined and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the correlation analysis showed that gallic acid, gallocatechin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and epigallocatechin gallate might at least partially contribute to protective effects on AFLD. In conclusion, Selenium-Enriched Chaoqing Green Tea, Xihu Longjing Tea, Taiping Houkui Tea, and Selenium-Enriched Matcha Tea showed the strongest preventive effects on AFLD. This research also provides the public with new insights about the effects of different green teas on AFLD.
Collapse
|
2
|
Ibars M, Maier MT, Yulyaningsih E, Perez L, Cheang R, Vilhelmsson A, Louie SM, Wegner SA, Yuan X, Eltzschig HK, Hopf FW, Nomura DK, Koliwad SK, Xu AW. Neuronal modulation of hepatic lipid accumulation induced by bingelike drinking. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E655-E666. [PMID: 32045262 PMCID: PMC7272724 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00218.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption, including binge drinking, is a common cause of fatty liver disease. Binge drinking rapidly induces hepatic steatosis, an early step in the pathogenesis of chronic liver injury. Despite its prevalence, the process by which excessive alcohol consumption promotes hepatic lipid accumulation remains unclear. Alcohol exerts potent effects on the brain, including hypothalamic neurons crucial for metabolic regulation. However, whether or not the brain plays a role in alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis is unknown. In the brain, alcohol increases extracellular levels of adenosine, a potent neuromodulator, and previous work implicates adenosine signaling as being important for the development of alcoholic fatty liver disease. Acute alcohol exposure also increases both the activity of agouti-related protein (AgRP)-expressing neurons and AgRP immunoreactivity. Here, we show that adenosine receptor A2B signaling in the brain modulates the extent of alcohol-induced fatty liver in mice and that both the AgRP neuropeptide and the sympathetic nervous system are indispensable for hepatic steatosis induced by bingelike alcohol consumption. Together, these results indicate that the brain plays an integral role in alcohol-induced hepatic lipid accumulation and that central adenosine signaling, hypothalamic AgRP, and the sympathetic nervous system are crucial mediators of this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ibars
- Diabetes Center, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Matthew T Maier
- Diabetes Center, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Ernie Yulyaningsih
- Diabetes Center, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Luz Perez
- Diabetes Center, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Rachel Cheang
- Diabetes Center, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Anna Vilhelmsson
- Diabetes Center, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Sharon M Louie
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Scott A Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Frederic W Hopf
- Department of Neurology, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Suneil K Koliwad
- Diabetes Center, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Allison W Xu
- Diabetes Center, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen YY, Zhang CL, Zhao XL, Xie KQ, Zeng T. Inhibition of cytochrome P4502E1 by chlormethiazole attenuated acute ethanol-induced fatty liver. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 222:18-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
4
|
Jiménez-Agüero R, Emparanza JI, Beguiristain A, Bujanda L, Alustiza JM, García E, Hijona E, Gallego L, Sánchez-González J, Perugorria MJ, Asensio JI, Larburu S, Garmendia M, Larzabal M, Portillo MP, Aguirre L, Banales JM. Novel equation to determine the hepatic triglyceride concentration in humans by MRI: diagnosis and monitoring of NAFLD in obese patients before and after bariatric surgery. BMC Med 2014; 12:137. [PMID: 25164060 PMCID: PMC4145227 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-014-0137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by abnormal accumulation of lipids within liver cells. Its prevalence is increasing in developed countries in association with obesity, and it represents a risk factor for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Since NAFLD is usually asymptomatic at diagnosis, new non-invasive approaches are needed to determine the hepatic lipid content in terms of diagnosis, treatment and control of disease progression. Here, we investigated the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to quantitate and monitor the hepatic triglyceride concentration in humans. METHODS A prospective study of diagnostic accuracy was conducted among 129 consecutive adult patients (97 obesity and 32 non-obese) to compare multi-echo MRI fat fraction, grade of steatosis estimated by histopathology, and biochemical measurement of hepatic triglyceride concentration (that is, Folch value). RESULTS MRI fat fraction positively correlates with the grade of steatosis estimated on a 0 to 3 scale by histopathology. However, this correlation value was stronger when MRI fat fraction was linked to the Folch value, resulting in a novel equation to predict the hepatic triglyceride concentration (mg of triglycerides/g of liver tissue = 5.082 + (432.104 * multi-echo MRI fat fraction)). Validation of this formula in 31 additional patients (24 obese and 7 controls) resulted in robust correlation between the measured and estimated Folch values. Multivariate analysis showed that none of the variables investigated improves the Folch prediction capacity of the equation. Obese patients show increased steatosis compared to controls using MRI fat fraction and Folch value. Bariatric surgery improved MRI fat fraction values and the Folch value estimated in obese patients one year after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Multi-echo MRI is an accurate approach to determine the hepatic lipid concentration by using our novel equation, representing an economic non-invasive method to diagnose and monitor steatosis in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jesús M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital (HUD), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang L, Wu D, Wang X, Cederbaum AI. Cytochrome P4502E1, oxidative stress, JNK, and autophagy in acute alcohol-induced fatty liver. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:1170-80. [PMID: 22749809 PMCID: PMC3432162 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Binge alcohol drinking induces hepatic steatosis. Recent studies showed that chronic ethanol-induced fatty liver was, at least in part, CYP2E1 dependent. The mechanism of acute alcohol-induced steatosis and whether CYP2E1 plays any role are still unclear. Increasing oxidative stress by alcohol can activate the JNK MAP kinase signaling pathway, suggesting that JNK might be a target for prevention of alcohol-induced steatosis. We used CYP2E1 knockout (KO) mice, a JNK inhibitor, and JNK1 or JNK2 knockout mice to test the role of CYP2E1, JNK, and the individual role of JNK1 and JNK2 in acute alcohol-induced steatosis. In wild-type (WT) mice, acute alcohol activates CYP2E1 and increases oxidative stress, which reciprocally increases activation of the JNK signaling pathway. Acute alcohol-induced fatty liver and oxidative stress were blunted in CYP2E1 KO mice and by the JNK inhibitor in WT mice. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine decreased the acute alcohol-induced oxidative stress, the activation of JNK, and the steatosis but not the activation of CYP2E1. Acute alcohol decreased autophagy and increased expression of SREBP, effects blocked by the JNK inhibitor. Acute alcohol-induced fatty liver was the same in JNK1 and JNK2 KO mice as in WT mice; thus either JNK1 or JNK2 per se is sufficient for induction of steatosis by acute alcohol. The results show that acute alcohol elevation of CYP2E1, oxidative stress, and activation of JNK interact to lower autophagy and increase lipogenic SREBP resulting in fatty liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Box 1603, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|