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de Sousa AA, Cruz ACR, da Silva FS, da Silva SP, Neto JPN, Barros MC, Fraga EDC, Sampaio I. Sequencing and Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genome of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Brazilian Amazon Region. INSECTS 2023; 14:938. [PMID: 38132611 PMCID: PMC10744036 DOI: 10.3390/insects14120938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is a mosquito native to the African continent, which is now widespread in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In many regions, it represents a major challenge to public health, given its role in the cycle of transmission of important arboviruses, such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya. Considering the epidemiological importance of Ae. aegypti, the present study sequenced the partial mitochondrial genome of a sample collected in the municipality of Balsas, in the Brazilian state of Maranhão, followed by High Throughput Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. The mitochondrial sequence obtained here was 15,863 bp long, and contained 37 functional subunits (thirteen PCGs, twenty-two tRNAs and two rRNAs) in addition to a partial final portion rich in A+T. The data obtained here contribute to the enrichment of our knowledge of the taxonomy and evolutionary biology of this prominent disease vector. These findings represent an important advancement in the understanding of the characteristics of the populations of northeastern Brazil and provide valuable insights into the taxonomy and evolutionary biology of this prominent disease vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrelina Alves de Sousa
- Post-Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil;
| | - Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz
- Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC/SVS/MS), Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil; (A.C.R.C.); (F.S.d.S.); (S.P.d.S.); (J.P.N.N.)
- Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology in the Amazon, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém 66095-662, Pará, Brazil
| | - Fábio Silva da Silva
- Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC/SVS/MS), Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil; (A.C.R.C.); (F.S.d.S.); (S.P.d.S.); (J.P.N.N.)
- Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology in the Amazon, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém 66095-662, Pará, Brazil
| | - Sandro Patroca da Silva
- Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC/SVS/MS), Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil; (A.C.R.C.); (F.S.d.S.); (S.P.d.S.); (J.P.N.N.)
| | - Joaquim Pinto Nunes Neto
- Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC/SVS/MS), Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil; (A.C.R.C.); (F.S.d.S.); (S.P.d.S.); (J.P.N.N.)
- Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology in the Amazon, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém 66095-662, Pará, Brazil
| | - Maria Claudene Barros
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology (GENBIMOL), Maranhão State University, Caxias 65604-380, Maranhão, Brazil; (M.C.B.); (E.d.C.F.)
| | - Elmary da Costa Fraga
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology (GENBIMOL), Maranhão State University, Caxias 65604-380, Maranhão, Brazil; (M.C.B.); (E.d.C.F.)
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Laboratory of Evolution, Institute of Coastal Studies, Federal University of Pará, Bragança 68600-000, Pará, Brazil
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Rodrigues LF, de Sousa AA, Mendes Júnior WP, Cardoso e Silva AC, do Nascimento MHS, Barros MC, Sampaio I, Fraga EDC. Genetic Differentiation of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Areas with High Rates of Infestation in Mid-North Region of Brazil. INSECTS 2023; 14:530. [PMID: 37367345 PMCID: PMC10299528 DOI: 10.3390/insects14060530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the principal vector of the arboviruses-yellow fever, dengue virus, chikungunya, and zika virus. Given the epidemiological importance of this mosquito, its capacity to adapt to different habitats, and its resistance to many types of control measures, systematic research into the genetic variability of the populations of this mosquito is one of the most important steps toward a better understanding of its population structure and vector competence. In this context, the present study verified the presence of distinct genetic lineages of Ae. aegypti in areas with high infestation rates, based on the analysis of microsatellite markers. The samples were collected in nine municipalities with high building infestation rates in the Mid-North region of Brazil. Six microsatellite loci were genotyped in the 138 samples, producing a total of 32 alleles, varying from one to nine alleles per locus in each of the different populations. The AMOVA revealed greater within-population genetic differentiation with high fixation rates. The general analysis of population structure, based on a Bayesian approach, revealed K = 2, with two Ae. aegypti lineages that were highly differentiated genetically. These data on the connectivity of the populations and the genetic isolation of the lineages provide important insights for the development of innovative strategies for the control of the populations of this important disease vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzianny Farias Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity, Environment and Health, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão—UEMA, Caxias 65604-380, MA, Brazil; (L.F.R.)
| | - Andrelina Alves de Sousa
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Pará—UFPA, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (A.A.d.S.)
| | - Walter Pinheiro Mendes Júnior
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity, Environment and Health, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão—UEMA, Caxias 65604-380, MA, Brazil; (L.F.R.)
| | - Amanda Caroline Cardoso e Silva
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity, Environment and Health, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão—UEMA, Caxias 65604-380, MA, Brazil; (L.F.R.)
| | | | - Maria Claudene Barros
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity, Environment and Health, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão—UEMA, Caxias 65604-380, MA, Brazil; (L.F.R.)
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Pará—UFPA, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (A.A.d.S.)
| | - Elmary da Costa Fraga
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity, Environment and Health, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão—UEMA, Caxias 65604-380, MA, Brazil; (L.F.R.)
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Edillo F, Ymbong RR, Cabahug MM, Labiros D, Suycano MW, Lambrechts L, Sakuntabhai A. Yearly variations of the genetic structure of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Philippines (2017-2019). INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 102:105296. [PMID: 35526823 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is the fastest emerging arboviral disease in the world, imposing a substantial health and economic burden in the tropics and subtropics. The mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is the primary vector of dengue in the Philippines. We examined the genetic structure of Ae. aegypti populations collected from the Philippine major islands (Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao), each with highland (Baguio city, Cebu city mountains and Maramag, Bukidnon, respectively) and lowland sites (Quezon city; Liloan, Cebu and Cagayan de Oro [CDO] city, respectively) during the wet (2017-2018 and 2018-2019) and dry seasons (2018 and 2019). Mosquitoes (n = 1800) were reared from field-collected eggs and immatures, and were analyzed using 12 microsatellite loci. Generalized linear model analyses revealed yearly variations between highlands and lowlands in the major islands as supported by Bayesian clustering analyses on: 1) stronger selection (inbreeding coefficient, FIS = 0.52) in 2017-2018 than in 2018-2019 (FIS = 0.32) as influenced by rainfall, 2) the number of non-neutral loci indicating selection, and 3) differences of effective population size although at p = 0.05. Across sites except Baguio and CDO cities: 1) FIS varied seasonally as influenced by relative humidity (RH), and 2) the number of non-neutral loci varied as influenced by RH and rainfall indicating selection. Human-mediated activities and not isolation by distance influenced genetic differentiations of mosquito populations within (FST = 0.04) the major islands and across sites (global FST = 0.16). Gene flow (Nm) and potential first generation migrants among populations were observed between lowlands and highlands within and across major islands. Our results suggest that dengue control strategies in the epidemic wet season are to be changed into whole year-round approach, and water pipelines are to be installed in rural mountains to prevent the potential breeding sites of mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Edillo
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines.
| | - Rhoniel Ryan Ymbong
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines.
| | - Maureen Mathilde Cabahug
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines
| | - Dinesse Labiros
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines
| | - Mark Windy Suycano
- Mosquito Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of San Carlos - Talamban campus, Cebu city 6000, Philippines
| | - Louis Lambrechts
- Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris, France.
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris, France.
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Escobar D, Ortiz B, Urrutia O, Fontecha G. Genetic Diversity among Four Populations of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Honduras as Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase I. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11060620. [PMID: 35745474 PMCID: PMC9228569 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is a hematophagous and highly anthropophilic mosquito with a wide distribution, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Ae. aegypti is the main vector of several febrile diseases called arboviruses (dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika viruses), which represent an important public health problem. Populations of this mosquito were nearly eliminated from the Americas in the mid-20th century; however, after the abandonment of control measures, mosquito populations have been recovering territory, have expanded by anthropogenic mechanisms, and have been joined by new populations reintroduced from other continents. The objective of this pilot study was to determine the genetic variability of Aedes aegypti collected in four cities located along the so-called logistics corridor of Honduras, which connects the Caribbean Sea to the Pacific Ocean. We studied the sequences of two molecular markers: the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI mtDNA) gene and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2 rDNA) of 40 mosquitoes. Phylogenetic analyzes show two separate clades with a low number of nucleotide differences per site, three haplotypes, and low haplotype diversity. These results suggest a low genetic diversity in the populations of Ae. aegypti in Honduras in relation to that reported in other countries of the Central American isthmus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Escobar
- Microbiology Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras; (D.E.); (B.O.)
| | - Bryan Ortiz
- Microbiology Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras; (D.E.); (B.O.)
| | - Oscar Urrutia
- Unidad de vigilancia de la salud, Secretaría de Salud de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
| | - Gustavo Fontecha
- Microbiology Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras; (D.E.); (B.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +504-33935443
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Labiros DA, Catalig AMP, Ymbong RRJ, Sakuntabhai A, Lluisma AO, Edillo FE. Novel and Broadly Applicable Microsatellite Markers in Identified Chromosomes of the Philippine Dengue Mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:545-553. [PMID: 35134978 PMCID: PMC8924974 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is the leading arboviral infection in the Philippines. Its endemicity in the country is due to the presence of its primary mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti (L.). This species has limited microsatellite markers. This study characterized microsatellite markers screened in silico from intergenic regions of the updated reference genome of Ae. aegypti from Liverpool, U.K. Criteria for good markers are: polymorphic, inherited in a Mendelian codominant manner, no null alleles, selectively neutral, randomly associated, and broadly applicable across different regions. Genotypes were scored using ABI Peak Scanner and were screened for the presence of null alleles. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, linkage disequilibrium, and robustness of the markers were determined by GENEPOP using Ae. aegypti samples from selected highland and lowland sites (n = 30 each) in the Philippines and outgroups (Thailand and Vietnam). Mendelian codominant inheritance was examined using F1 offspring of Ae. aegypti family (n = 30 each) derived from samples collected from Cebu city highlands and Maramag, Bukidnon. From the 63 randomly selected markers, nine were polymorphic. Two markers (Aaeg1-3D of chromosome 1 and Aaeg3-4C of chromosome 3) satisfied all criteria, hence, are good broadly useful microsatellite markers. Two other markers (Aaeg2-2E of chromosome 2 and Aaeg3-2A of chromosome 3) met all criteria but deviated from Mendelian codominant inheritance. These new markers of the Philippine Ae. aegypti with their chromosomal locations relative to the other published markers are presented, and will ultimately be useful in a variety of population genetic studies of Ae. aegypti to protect the public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesse A Labiros
- Department of Biology, University of San Carlos—Talamban Campus, Talamban, Cebu city, 6000, Philippines
| | - Antonio Mari P Catalig
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Diliman, Quezon city, Philippines
| | - Rhoniel Ryan J Ymbong
- Department of Biology, University of San Carlos—Talamban Campus, Talamban, Cebu city, 6000, Philippines
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Rue de Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Arturo O Lluisma
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Diliman, Quezon city, Philippines
| | - Frances E Edillo
- Department of Biology, University of San Carlos—Talamban Campus, Talamban, Cebu city, 6000, Philippines
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
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do Nascimento RM, Campolina TB, Chaves BA, Delgado JLF, Godoy RSM, Pimenta PFP, Secundino NFC. The influence of culture-dependent native microbiota in Zika virus infection in Aedes aegypti. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:57. [PMID: 35177110 PMCID: PMC8851793 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging and re-emerging vector-borne diseases (VBDs) pose a recurring threat to tropical countries, mainly due to the abundance and distribution of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is a vector of the Zika, dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever arboviruses. Methods Female 3–5 day-old Ae. aegypti were distributed into two experimental groups: group I—survey of cultivable bacteria; sucrose group: fed only on sucrose, i.e., non-blood-fed (UF); blood-fed group: (i) fed with non-infected blood (BF); (ii) fed with blood infected with the Zika virus (BZIKV); (iii) pretreated with penicillin/streptomycin (pen/strep), and fed with non-infected blood (TBF); (iv) pretreated with pen/strep and fed blood infected with ZIKV, i.e., gravid with developed ovaries, (TGZIKV); group II—experimental co-infections: bacteria genera isolated from the group fed on sucrose, i.e., non-blood-fed (UF). Results Using the cultivable method and the same mosquito colony and ZIKV strain described by in a previous work, our results reveled 11 isolates (Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Cedecea, Cellulosimicrobium, Elizabethkingia, Enterobacter, Lysinibacillus, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Serratia, and Staphylococcus). Enterobacter was present in all evaluated groups (i.e., UF, BF, BZIKV, TBF, and TGZIKV), whereas Elizabethkingia was present in the UF, BZIKV, and TBF groups. Pseudomonas was present in the BZIKV and TBF groups, whereas Staphylococcus was present in the TBF and TGZIKV groups. The only genera of bacteria that were found to be present in only one group were Aeromonas, Lysinibacillus, and Serratia (UF); Cedacea, Pantoea and Acinetobacter (BF); and Cellulosimicrobium (BZIKV). The mosquitoes co-infected with ZIKV plus the isolates group fed on sucrose (UF) showed interference in the outcome of infection. Conclusions We demonstrate that the distinct feeding aspects assessed herein influence the composition of bacterial diversity. In the co-infection, among ZIKV, Ae. aegypti and the bacterial isolates, the ZIKV/Lysinibacillus–Ae. aegypti had the lowest number of viral copies in the head-SG, which means that it negatively affects vector competence. However, when the saliva was analyzed after forced feeding, no virus was detected in the mosquito groups ZIKV/Lysinibacillus–Lu. longipalpis and Ae. aegypti; the combination of ZIKV/Serratia may interfere in salivation. This indicates that the combinations do not produce viable viruses and may have great potential as a method of biological control. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05160-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rêgila Mello do Nascimento
- Laboratorio de Entomologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou-FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisas Clínicas Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Thais Bonifácio Campolina
- Laboratorio de Entomologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou-FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, IRR-FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Barbara Aparecida Chaves
- Instituto de Pesquisas Clínicas Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Soares Maia Godoy
- Laboratorio de Entomologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou-FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Filemon Paolucci Pimenta
- Laboratorio de Entomologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou-FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, IRR-FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nagila Francinete Costa Secundino
- Laboratorio de Entomologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou-FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, IRR-FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Campbell EO, Dupuis JR, Holowachuk J, Hladun S, Vankosky MA, Mori BA. Disjunction between canola distribution and the genetic structure of its recently described pest, the canola flower midge ( Contarinia brassicola). Ecol Evol 2020; 10:13284-13296. [PMID: 33304537 PMCID: PMC7713945 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Population genomics is a useful tool to support integrated pest management as it can elucidate population dynamics, demography, and histories of invasion. Here, we use a restriction site-associated DNA sequencing approach combined with whole-genome amplification (WGA) to assess genomic population structure of a newly described pest of canola, the diminutive canola flower midge, Contarinia brassicola. Clustering analyses recovered little geographic structure across the main canola production region but differentiated several geographically disparate populations at edges of the agricultural zone. Given a lack of alternative hypotheses for this pattern, we suggest these data support alternative hosts for this species and thus our canola-centric view of this midge as a pest has limited our understanding of its biology. These results speak to the need for increased surveying efforts across multiple habitats and other potential hosts within Brassicaceae to improve both our ecological and evolutionary knowledge of this species and contribute to effective management strategies. We additionally found that use of WGA prior to library preparation was an effective method for increasing DNA quantity of these small insects prior to restriction site-associated DNA sequencing and had no discernible impact on genotyping consistency for population genetic analysis; WGA is therefore likely to be tractable for other similar studies that seek to randomly sample markers across the genome in small organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin O. Campbell
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Nutrition Sciences4‐10 Agriculture/Forestry CentreUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | | | - Jennifer Holowachuk
- Agriculture and Agri‐Food CanadaSaskatoon Research and Development CentreSaskatoonSKCanada
| | - Shane Hladun
- Agriculture and Agri‐Food CanadaSaskatoon Research and Development CentreSaskatoonSKCanada
| | - Meghan A. Vankosky
- Agriculture and Agri‐Food CanadaSaskatoon Research and Development CentreSaskatoonSKCanada
| | - Boyd A. Mori
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Nutrition Sciences4‐10 Agriculture/Forestry CentreUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
- Agriculture and Agri‐Food CanadaSaskatoon Research and Development CentreSaskatoonSKCanada
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Lv RC, Zhu CQ, Wang CH, Ai LL, Lv H, Zhang B, Li CM, An J, Wang PG, Hu D, Tan XZ, Yang L, Zhou HN, Tan WL. Genetic diversity and population structure of Aedes aegypti after massive vector control for dengue fever prevention in Yunnan border areas. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12731. [PMID: 32728176 PMCID: PMC7391764 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus. Aedes aegypti (Ae. Aegypti) is considered the primary vector of Dengue virus transmission in Yunnan Province, China. With increased urbanization, Ae. aegypti populations have significantly increased over the last 20 years. Despite all the efforts that were made for controlling the virus transmission, especially on border areas between Yunnan and Laos, Vietnam, and Myanmar (dengue-endemic areas), the epidemic has not yet been eradicated. Thus, further understanding of the genetic diversity, population structure, and invasive strategies of Ae. aegypti populations in the border areas was vital to uncover the vector invasion and distribution dynamic, and essential for controlling the infection. In this study, we analyzed genetic diversity and population structure of eight adult Ae. Aegypti populations collected along the border areas of Yunnan Province in 2017 and 2018. Nine nuclear microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences were used to achieve a better understanding of the genetic diversity and population structure. One hundred and fourteen alleles were found in total. The polymorphic information content value, together with the expected heterozygosity (He) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) values showed high genetic diversity in all mosquito populations. The clustering analysis based on Bayesian algorithm, the UPGMA and DAPC analysis revealed that all the eight Ae. aegypti populations can be divided into three genetic groups. Based on the mtDNA results, all Ae. aegypti individuals were divided into 11 haplotypes. The Ae. aegypti populations in the border areas of Yunnan Province presented with high genetic diversity, which might be ascribed to the continuous incursion of Ae. aegypti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chen Lv
- Department of Vector Control, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang -Qiang Zhu
- Department of Vector Control, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Hui Wang
- Department of Vector Control, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Le-le Ai
- Department of Vector Control, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heng Lv
- Department of Vector Control, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Vector Control, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Insect Control of Insect Vectors in Yunnan Province, The Key Technology Innovation Team for Prevention and Control of Insect Vectors in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu'er, 665000, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing An
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Pei-Gang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Vector Control, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xian-Zhe Tan
- Nanjing Foreign Language School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Vector Control, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-Ning Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Insect Control of Insect Vectors in Yunnan Province, The Key Technology Innovation Team for Prevention and Control of Insect Vectors in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu'er, 665000, Yunnan, China.
| | - Wei-Long Tan
- Department of Vector Control, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
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Aragão FV, Cavicchioli Zola F, Nogueira Marinho LH, De Genaro Chiroli DM, Braghini Junior A, Colmenero JC. Choice of unmanned aerial vehicles for identification of mosquito breeding sites. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2020; 15. [PMID: 32575963 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2020.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The disordered urban growth that may favour the emergence of the Aedes aegypti mosquito in cities is a problem of increasing magnitude in middle- and high-income countries in the tropical part of the world. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) considers the control and elimination of Ae. aegypti a world-wide high priority as it is the main vector of many rapidly spreading viral diseases, dengue in particular. A major difficulty in controlling the proliferation of this vector is associated with identification of the breeding sites. The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be an efficient alternative to manual search because of high mobility and the ability to overcome physical obstacles, particularly in urban areas where it can offer close-up images of potential breeding sites that are difficult to reach. The objective of this study was to find a way to select the most suitable UAV for the identification of Ae. aegypti habitats by providing images of potential mosquito breeding sites. This can be accomplished by a Multiple-Criteria Decision Method (MCDM) based on an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for the evaluation of weights of the criteria used for characterizing UAVs. The alternatives were analyzed and ranked using the Fuzzy Set Theory (FST) merged with the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The methodology is explained and discussed with respect to identification and selection of the most appropriate UAV for aerial mapping of Aedes breeding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aldo Braghini Junior
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Technology (UTFPR), Paraná.
| | - João Carlos Colmenero
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Technology (UTFPR), Paraná.
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