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Ritchie EV, Fitzpatrick C, Ronksley PE, Leung AA, Seidel S, McGrath DS. The Effect of Alcohol Cue Exposure on Tobacco-Related Cue Reactivity: A Systematic Review. Alcohol Alcohol 2022; 57:104-112. [PMID: 33589917 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To examine the effect of alcohol cue exposure on tobacco-related cravings, self-administration and other measures of tobacco-related cue reactivity. METHODS We searched Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus from inception to May 2020 for articles reporting on a combination of cue reactivity (and/or cross-cue reactivity), alcohol use and tobacco consumption. A semi-quantitative analysis and study quality assessment were performed for the included articles. RESULTS A total of 37 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Most studies (60%) reported that alcohol cue exposure increased tobacco cravings, but only 18% of studies reported that alcohol cue exposure resulted in an increase in ad libitum smoking. There was also substantial heterogeneity between studies due to differences in methodology related to alcohol cue exposure, measures of tobacco cravings, as well as variable participant and study characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol cue exposure can increase cravings for tobacco. This has important implications for individuals who use both substances but are trying to quit one or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma V Ritchie
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Administration Building, Room AD255 2500 University Dr NW Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
- York University Faculty of Health Department of Psychology, Room 101 Behavioural Sciences Building, 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - Chelsea Fitzpatrick
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Administration Building, Room AD255 2500 University Dr NW Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Paul E Ronksley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, 3D10, 3280 Hospital Drive NW Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
| | - Alexander A Leung
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, 3D10, 3280 Hospital Drive NW Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
- Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre Foothills Campus, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1 Canada
| | - Sydney Seidel
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Administration Building, Room AD255 2500 University Dr NW Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Daniel S McGrath
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Administration Building, Room AD255 2500 University Dr NW Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada
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Treatment engagement mediates the links between symptoms of anxiety, depression, and alcohol use disorder with abstinence among smokers registered on an Internet cessation program. J Subst Abuse Treat 2019; 98:59-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Motschman CA, Germeroth LJ, Tiffany ST. Momentary changes in craving predict smoking lapse behavior: a laboratory study. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:2001-2012. [PMID: 29704217 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4898-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Current research on factors that predict smoking lapse behavior is limited in its ability to fully characterize the critical moments leading up to decisions to smoke. OBJECTIVES We used a validated and widely used experimental analogue for smoking lapse to assess how moment-to-moment dynamics of craving relate to decisions to smoke. METHODS Heavy smokers (N = 128, M age = 35.9) participated in a 50-min laboratory delay to smoking task on 2 consecutive days, earning money for each 5 min they remained abstinent or ending the task by choosing to smoke. Participants rated craving and negative affect levels immediately prior to each choice. Participants were randomized to smoking as usual (n = 50) or overnight abstinence (n = 50 successfully abstained, n = 22 failed abstaining) prior to session 2. Discrete-time hazard models were used to examine craving and negative affect as time-varying predictors of smoking. RESULTS Higher craving levels prior to smoking opportunities predicted increased risk of smoking. When controlling for craving levels, incremental increases in craving predicted increased smoking risk. Increases in negative affect incrementally predicted increased smoking risk at session 2 only. Smokers who failed to abstain were at a higher risk of smoking than those who successfully abstained, whereas abstinent and non-abstinent smokers did not differ in smoking risk. CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrate an extension of the smoking lapse paradigm that can be utilized to capture momentary changes in craving that predict smoking behavior. Evaluations of nuanced craving experiences may inform clinical and pharmacological research on preventing smoking lapse and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Motschman
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 206B Park Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Lisa J Germeroth
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 206B Park Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Stephen T Tiffany
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 206B Park Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
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Verplaetse TL, McKee SA. An overview of alcohol and tobacco/nicotine interactions in the human laboratory. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2016; 43:186-196. [PMID: 27439453 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2016.1189927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorders and tobacco use contribute significant risk to the global burden of disease, and each are major public health concerns. Together, alcohol and tobacco use are highly comorbid and have multiplicative health risks when used concurrently, underscoring the importance of examining alcohol-tobacco interactions in the human laboratory. OBJECTIVE The aims of this review were to summarize the state of research examining alcohol-tobacco interactions in the human laboratory. METHODS We reviewed human laboratory evidence for alcohol and tobacco/nicotine interactions, including 1) craving in drinkers and smokers exposed to smoking or drinking cues, 2) fixed-dosing of alcohol or nicotine in smokers and drinkers, and 3) smoking and alcohol influences on self-administration behaviors. The interactive effects of tobacco/nicotine with other drugs of abuse are also briefly discussed. RESULTS Overall, results identified that alcohol and tobacco have reciprocal influences on potentiating craving, subjective responses to fixed-dose alcohol or nicotine administration, and self-administration. The literature identified that alcohol increases craving to smoke, decreases time to initiate smoking, and increases smoking self-administration. Similarly, tobacco and nicotine increase alcohol craving, decrease subjective effects of alcohol, and increase alcohol consumption. CONCLUSION Future studies should continue to focus on alcohol and tobacco/nicotine interactions in individuals with a wide scope of drinking and smoking histories, different states of alcohol and nicotine deprivation, and influences of either drug on craving, subjective responses, and consumption over the course of the blood alcohol curve. This work could have important implications for the impact of alcohol-tobacco interactions on guiding clinical practice, as well as in the changing landscape of addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sherry A McKee
- a Department of Psychiatry , Yale School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
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Lechner WV, Knopik VS, McGeary JE, Spillane NS, Tidey JW, McKee SA, Metrik J, Leventhal AM, Rohsenow DJ, Kahler CW. Influence of the A118G Polymorphism of the OPRM1 Gene and Exon 3 VNTR Polymorphism of the DRD4 Gene on Cigarette Craving After Alcohol Administration. Nicotine Tob Res 2016; 18:632-6. [PMID: 26092968 PMCID: PMC5896808 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntv136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study examined whether the presence of the G allele of the A118G polymorphism of the OPRM1 gene (rs1799971) and the long allele of exon 3 VNTR polymorphism of the DRD4 gene moderate the effect of alcohol administration on urge to smoke. These polymorphisms have been associated with greater alcohol induced-urge to drink. Urge to drink and alcohol consumption increase urge to smoke. Therefore, these polymorphisms may also sensitize urge to smoke after alcohol consumption. METHODS Individuals smoking 10-30 cigarettes per day and reporting heavy drinking were recruited from the community. Caucasians (n = 62), 57.3% male, mean age 39.2, took part in a three-session, within-subjects, repeated-measures design study. Participants were administered a placebo, 0.4 g/kg, or 0.8 g/kg dose of alcohol. A118G genotype, exon 3 VNTR genotype, and urge to smoke (baseline and three times after receiving alcohol) were assessed. RESULTS G allele carriers showed greater urge to smoke across all assessments. Additionally, a significant interaction indicated that G carriers, compared to homozygotes (AA), evinced a significantly greater increase in urge to smoke after high dose alcohol relative to placebo. The interaction between condition, DRD4 polymorphism, and time was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Presence of G allele of the A118G polymorphism of the OPRM1 gene may lead to greater increases in urge to smoke after a high dose of alcohol. Pharmacotherapies targeted to opiate receptors (eg, naltrexone) may be especially helpful in aiding smoking cessation among G carriers who are heavy drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- William V Lechner
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI;
| | - Valerie S Knopik
- Division of Behavioral Genetics, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - John E McGeary
- Division of Behavioral Genetics, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Nichea S Spillane
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI
| | - Jennifer W Tidey
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI
| | | | - Jane Metrik
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI; Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI
| | - Adam M Leventhal
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Damaris J Rohsenow
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI; Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI
| | - Christopher W Kahler
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI
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Kahler CW, Metrik J, Spillane NS, Day A, Leventhal AM, McKee SA, Tidey JW, McGeary JE, Knopik VS, Rohsenow DJ. Acute effects of low and high dose alcohol on smoking lapse behavior in a laboratory analogue task. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:4649-57. [PMID: 24858377 PMCID: PMC4232980 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Smoking lapses (i.e., returns to smoking after quitting) often occur following alcohol consumption with observational data suggesting greater quantities of alcohol lead to greater risk. However, a causal dose-dependent effect of alcohol consumption on smoking lapse behavior has not been established, and the mechanisms that might account for such an effect have not been tested. OBJECTIVES In a within-subjects design, we examined the effects of low- (0.4 g/kg) and high-dose (0.8 g/kg) alcohol, relative to placebo, on smokers' ability to resist initiating smoking after acute smoking abstinence. METHODS Participants were 100 heavy alcohol drinkers, smoking 10-30 cigarettes per day. Across three separate days, participants consumed placebo, low-dose, or high-dose alcohol following 3 h of smoking abstinence and, 35 min later, were offered the opportunity to smoke while resisting smoking was monetarily reinforced proportional to the amount of time delayed. RESULTS Consistent with a dose-response effect, participants smoked 3.35 min (95 % confidence intervals (CI) [-7.09, 0.40], p = .08) earlier following low-dose alcohol and 6.36 min (95 % CI [-9.99, -2.73], p = .0006) earlier following high-dose alcohol compared to drinking a placebo beverage. Effects of dose on smoking behavior were partially mediated by increases in urge to smoke. There was no evidence that alcohol's effects on urge to smoke or ability to resist smoking were mediated through its stimulating or sedating effects. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol can reduce the ability to resist smoking in a dose-dependent fashion, in part, due to its effect on increasing the intensity of smoking urges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Kahler
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI, 02912, USA,
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