The relationship between parental psychological control and problematic smartphone use in early Chinese adolescence: A repeated-measures study at two time-points

Parenting Style and Smartphone Addiction in Adolescents: The Mediating Roles of Shyness and Loneliness

Mothers' and fathers' parenting styles may be important predictors of smartphone addiction. However, some uncertainty still exists about the relationship between these two variables, and few studies to date have investigated the mediating role of both shyness and loneliness in this relationship from the perspective of mothers' and fathers' parenting styles. To fill these gaps, a total of 1,628 adolescents completed self-report measures of parenting style, shyness, loneliness, and smartphone addiction. The results revealed that parental emotional warmth was negatively correlated with smartphone addiction, whereas parental rejection and over-protection were positively correlated with smartphone addiction. Furthermore, the association between over-protection and shyness was more pronounced for mothers than for fathers. Additionally, shyness and loneliness acted as chain mediators in the relationship between the two parenting styles-emotional warmth and over-protection-and smartphone addiction. These findings underscore the critical roles of shyness and loneliness in mediating the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent smartphone addiction. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms behind the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent smartphone addiction.

PERİDER-TJOD joint review on threatened abortion and guideline for its treatment

Objective

Although there are several guidelines in the literature on "recurrent abortion", there is no comprehensive guideline on "threatened abortion". The overall purpose of this guideline is to provide healthcare providers with the best available evidence for examination and treatment of pregnant women with threatened abortion.

Materials and Methods

The scope of the guideline and the first version of the questions were prepared by the Perinatology and High Risk Pregnancies Association (PERİDER) guideline development group in January 2024. Meetings were held to discuss key questions and redefine them. A final list of 8 key questions was created. Keywords were defined for each question and ranked in order of importance and used in searches for all English-language publications in PubMed/Medline and Cochrane libraries. These databases were thoroughly scanned for publications that were published until February 1, 2024. Literature reviews were conducted as an iterative process. In the first step, systematic reviews and meta-analyses were collected. If no results were found, the research was expanded to randomized controlled trials and then to cohort studies and case reports, following the hierarchy of evidence levels.

Results

This guideline was presented to the board of directors of the Turkish Gynecology and Obstetrics Society (TJOD). With their suggestions, guideline was finalized, and it was decided to be published as a joint guideline of PERİDER-TJOD.

Conclusion

This guideline provides an overview of threatened abortion and the recommended treatments. In addition, by recognizing the deficiencies in the literature, suggestions were made regarding research that could help clinicians' decisions in the future.

Why can parents' phubbing affect mobile phone addiction? Perspective of the I-PACE model

Objective

Based on the I-PACE model, this study investigated the longitudinal relationship between parents' phubbing and mobile phone addiction, as well as the serial mediating effects of maladaptive cognition and ego depletion.

Methods

A longitudinal study, with data collected at two time points over a six-month interval to test the proposed hypotheses. The independent variable was measured at Time 1 (T1), while the mediators and dependent variables were assessed at Time 2 (T2). A total of 591 middle school students from a city in central China was recruited to complete the parents' phubbing scale, maladaptive cognition scale, ego depletion scale and mobile phone addiction scale.

Results

(1) The correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between T1 parents' phubbing, T2 maladaptive cognition, T2 ego depletion, and T2 mobile phone addiction. (2) Maladaptive cognition was found to mediate the relationship between parent's phubbing and mobile phone addiction. Similarly, ego depletion also mediated the relationship between parent's phubbing and mobile phone addiction. Additionally, both maladaptive cognition and ego depletion functioned as serial mediators between parent's phubbing and mobile phone addiction.

Conclusion

This study provides evidence that parental phubbing serves as a longitudinal predictor of mobile phone addiction, with maladaptive cognition and ego depletion acting as key mediators in this process.

How is parental psychological control associated with adolescent mental health in economically disadvantaged areas? The serial mediating role of psychological reactance and problematic smartphone use

INTRODUCTION

Adolescent mental health has been an issue of global concern, and the mental health of adolescents in economically disadvantaged areas may require additional research. The research delves into factors associated with economically disadvantaged areas' adolescent mental health, employing family systems theory, self-determination theory, and psychological reactance theory. Specifically, the present study which was done in Jingzhou country, an economically disadvantaged area of Hunan Province, China, aimed to examine the link between parental psychological control and adolescent mental health, as well as the mediating roles of psychological reactance and problematic smartphone use in this relationship.

METHODS

A sample of 1300 Chinese middle school students (620 girls, mean age = 14.22 ± 1.29) completed self-reported measures of parental psychological control, psychological reactance, problematic smartphone use, and adolescent mental health.

RESULTS

Results showed that parental psychological control was negatively associated with adolescent mental health. Psychological reactance and problematic smartphone use mediated the association between parental psychological control and adolescent mental health, separately and serially.

DISCUSSION

The findings of the present study enrich the literature on parenting styles and adolescent mental health in economically disadvantaged areas, and this provides an intervention perspective to reduce the negative impact of poor parenting on adolescent mental health in economically disadvantaged areas.

Examining the association of family environment and children emotional/behavioral difficulties in the relationship between parental anxiety and internet addiction in youth

Introduction

Associations between parental anxiety and adolescent internet addiction have been documented in the literature; however, few studies have analyzed the role of the family environment in this relationship. This study aims to explore the relationship between parental anxiety and adolescent internet addiction while also investigating the indirect relationships involving multiple dimensions of the family environment and child emotional behavior issues.

Methods

Surveys were conducted among 6,296 parent-child pairs. We administered SDQ, CIAS-R, and FES-CV to assess adolescents' issues and internet addiction, and evaluate family environment. Additionally, parents completed GAD-7 to assess parental anxiety levels.Results: Correlation analysis revealed that the family environment and adolescent emotional behavior issues played an indirect relationship in the link between parental anxiety and internet addiction.

Discussion

The findings emphasize the importance of addressing parental anxiety and fostering a positive family environment as effective measures to alleviate adolescent emotional behavior problems and reduce the risk of internet addiction.

The Relationship Between Harsh Parenting and Smartphone Addiction Among Adolescents: Serial Mediating Role of Depression and Social Pain

Purpose

With the increasing prevalence of smart phones, adolescent smartphone addiction has garnered significant attention from researchers. Previous studies have revealed that smartphone addiction is associated with various internalization and externalization problems. Therefore, this present study aims to investigate the risk factors contributing to adolescent smartphone addiction.

Methods

Study 1 recruited a sample of 540, 690, and 470 Chinese students aged between 10-17 years for exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and predictive validity analysis of the social pain scale. Study 2 utilized data from a sample of 718 Chinese students aged between 10-17 years to examine the measurement model used revised social pain scale, smartphone addiction scale, harsh parenting scale, and depression sub-scale.

Results

The present study revealed that (1)The Social Pain Scale had good applicability in Chinese adolescents; (2) There were significant, positive correlations among harsh parenting, smartphone addiction, depression and social pain; (3) Social pain and depression played a partially serial mediating role in the relationship between harsh parenting and smartphone addiction, and similarly the relationship between paternal harsh parenting and smartphone addiction, while a completely serial mediating role in the relationship between maternal harsh parenting and smartphone addiction.

Conclusion

This study provides a direct path (improving parenting style) and an indirect path (reducing social pain to reduce depression) regarding interventions for adolescents with smartphone addiction, and establishes a basis for improving the situation of adolescent smartphone addiction.

Latent profile analysis of psychological needs thwarting in Chinese school teachers: longitudinal associations with problematic smartphone use, psychological distress, and perceived administrative support

Introduction

In light of the significant impact that teachers have on education quality and student growth, their mental health warrants special attention. With the increasing popularity of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and the rise of online teaching during the pandemic, teachers have become a group prone to developing problematic smartphone use (PSU). Psychological need thwarting (PNT) has been shown to be closely related to PSU, psychological distress, and perceived administrative support. However, most previous studies have adopted a variable-centered approach, which may overlook the possibility that the three basic needs are not closely associated and could form distinct profiles. Therefore, this study aims to apply latent profile analysis to identify different PNT profiles and their associations with PSU, psychological distress, and perceived administrative support.

Methods

A longitudinal survey was conducted using convenience and purposive sampling methods. The survey involved 1,642 primary and middle school teachers working in China over a two-month interval, with the first assessment in November 2021 (Time 1) and the second in January 2022 (Time 2).

Results

The results indicate that a three-profile model, intricately based on the PNT data gathered at Time 1, is most optimal: Class 1 is labeled as 'High autonomy-High competence and Moderate relatedness thwarting', Class 2 as 'High autonomy-High competence and High relatedness thwarting', and Class 3 as 'Low psychological needs thwarting'. Distinct associations were observed among the three profiles concerning PSU, psychological distress, and perceived administrative support. Specifically, in terms of PSU, the score of Class 2 was higher than Class 1, with that of Class 3 being the lowest at Time 1, while at Time 2 no significant difference was found between any two of these three groups; in terms of distress, the scores of the three profiles were arranged from high to low as Class 2, 1, and 3 at both time points; and in terms of perceived administrative support, the order was just the opposite, with 3, 1, and 2 from high to low at both Time 1 and Time 2.

Conclusion

Notably, the consistent ranking of the three classes in terms of psychological distress and administrative support suggests a lasting influence of PNT. Future studies should explore this enduring impact further by employing additional longitudinal data sets and examining potential mediators or moderators beyond the current study's scope.

Parental Psychological Control and Addiction Behaviors in Smartphone and Internet: The Mediating Role of Shyness among Adolescents

Parental psychological control has been found to be a vital familial factor that is closely related to adolescents' addiction behaviors with regard to smartphones and the internet. However, the underlying mechanisms of these associations are less clear. The aim of the present study was to examine whether shyness mediated the relationships between parental psychological control and these two addiction behaviors. A positivist paradigm was used in the present study. The questionnaires (parental psychological control, shyness, and smartphone and internet addiction questionnaires) were used to collect data from a sample of 1857 Chinese adolescents (961 female, 896 male) in junior and senior middle schools. Descriptive statistics as well as correlation and mediation tests were employed to analyze the data. We observed that adolescents with siblings showed a higher level of internet addiction than those with no siblings. Moreover, three dimensions of parental psychological control were positively associated with addiction behaviors. The following analyses displayed that the correlation between authority assertion and smartphone addiction was greater than that between authority assertion and internet addiction. Subsequently, shyness was significantly positively related to parental psychological control and addiction behaviors. Importantly, we found that the relations between the three dimensions of parental psychological control and the addiction behaviors concerning smartphones and the internet were partially mediated by shyness. This study contributes to our understanding of how parental psychological control predicts high levels of adolescents' addiction behaviors surrounding smartphones and the internet.