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Grogg J, Vernet R, Charrier E, Urwyler M, Von Rohr O, Saingier V, Courtout F, Lathuiliere A, Gaudenzio N, Engel A, Mach N. Engineering a versatile and retrievable cell macroencapsulation device for the delivery of therapeutic proteins. iScience 2023; 26:107372. [PMID: 37539029 PMCID: PMC10393802 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulated cell therapy holds a great potential to deliver sustained levels of highly potent therapeutic proteins to patients and improve chronic disease management. A versatile encapsulation device that is biocompatible, scalable, and easy to administer, retrieve, or replace has yet to be validated for clinical applications. Here, we report on a cargo-agnostic, macroencapsulation device with optimized features for protein delivery. It is compatible with adherent and suspension cells, and can be administered and retrieved without burdensome surgical procedures. We characterized its biocompatibility and showed that different cell lines producing different therapeutic proteins can be combined in the device. We demonstrated the ability of cytokine-secreting cells encapsulated in our device and implanted in human skin to mobilize and activate antigen-presenting cells, which could potentially serve as an effective adjuvant strategy in cancer immunization therapies. We believe that our device may contribute to cell therapies for cancer, metabolic disorders, and protein-deficient diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Grogg
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- MaxiVAX SA, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Remi Vernet
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emily Charrier
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- MaxiVAX SA, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Urwyler
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Von Rohr
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Saingier
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Courtout
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Lathuiliere
- Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Gaudenzio
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 - CNRS UMR5051 - University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Genoskin SAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Adrien Engel
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- MaxiVAX SA, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Mach
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Luo Z, Zhang H, Chen R, Li H, Cheng F, Zhang L, Liu J, Kong T, Zhang Y, Wang H. Digital light processing 3D printing for microfluidic chips with enhanced resolution via dosing- and zoning-controlled vat photopolymerization. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:103. [PMID: 37593440 PMCID: PMC10427687 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Conventional manufacturing techniques to fabricate microfluidic chips, such as soft lithography and hot embossing process, have limitations that include difficulty in preparing multiple-layered structures, cost- and labor-consuming fabrication process, and low productivity. Digital light processing (DLP) technology has recently emerged as a cost-efficient microfabrication approach for the 3D printing of microfluidic chips; however, the fabrication resolution for microchannels is still limited to sub-100 microns at best. Here, we developed an innovative DLP printing strategy for high resolution and scalable microchannel fabrication by dosing- and zoning-controlled vat photopolymerization (DZC-VPP). Specifically, we proposed a modified mathematical model to precisely predict the accumulated UV irradiance for resin photopolymerization, thereby providing guidance for the fabrication of microchannels with enhanced resolution. By fine-tuning the printing parameters, including optical irradiance, exposure time, projection region, and step distance, we can precisely tailor the penetration irradiance stemming from the photopolymerization of the neighboring resin layers, thereby preventing channel blockage due to UV overexposure or compromised bonding stability owing to insufficient resin curing. Remarkably, this strategy can allow the preparation of microchannels with cross-sectional dimensions of 20 μm × 20 μm using a commercial printer with a pixel size of 10 μm × 10 μm; this is significantly higher resolution than previous reports. In addition, this method can enable the scalable and biocompatible fabrication of microfluidic drop-maker units that can be used for cell encapsulation. In general, the current DZC-VPP method can enable major advances in precise and scalable microchannel fabrication and represents a significant step forward for widespread applications of microfluidics-based techniques in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518000 P. R. China
| | - Haoyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 P. R. China
| | - Runze Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 P. R. China
| | - Hanting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 P. R. China
| | - Fang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 P. R. China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Third People’s Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Eye Hospital, Dalian, 116024 P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172 P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Kong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518000 P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518000 P. R. China
| | - Huanan Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518000 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 P. R. China
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Bono N, Saroglia G, Marcuzzo S, Giagnorio E, Lauria G, Rosini E, De Nardo L, Athanassiou A, Candiani G, Perotto G. Silk fibroin microgels as a platform for cell microencapsulation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2022; 34:3. [PMID: 36586059 PMCID: PMC9805413 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-022-06706-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cell microencapsulation has been utilized for years as a means of cell shielding from the external environment while facilitating the transport of gases, general metabolites, and secretory bioactive molecules at once. In this light, hydrogels may support the structural integrity and functionality of encapsulated biologics whereas ensuring cell viability and function and releasing potential therapeutic factors once in situ. In this work, we describe a straightforward strategy to fabricate silk fibroin (SF) microgels (µgels) and encapsulate cells into them. SF µgels (size ≈ 200 µm) were obtained through ultrasonication-induced gelation of SF in a water-oil emulsion phase. A thorough physicochemical (SEM analysis, and FT-IR) and mechanical (microindentation tests) characterization of SF µgels were carried out to assess their nanostructure, porosity, and stiffness. SF µgels were used to encapsulate and culture L929 and primary myoblasts. Interestingly, SF µgels showed a selective release of relatively small proteins (e.g., VEGF, molecular weight, MW = 40 kDa) by the encapsulated primary myoblasts, while bigger (macro)molecules (MW = 160 kDa) were hampered to diffusing through the µgels. This article provided the groundwork to expand the use of SF hydrogels into a versatile platform for encapsulating relevant cells able to release paracrine factors potentially regulating tissue and/or organ functions, thus promoting their regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bono
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulio Saroglia
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania Marcuzzo
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Giagnorio
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Rosini
- The Protein Factory 2.0, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Luigi De Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Candiani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Perotto
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
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Kumar S, Kabat M, Basak S, Babiarz J, Berthiaume F, Grumet M. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Encapsulated Human Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and a Method to Scale-Up Cell Encapsulation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121803. [PMID: 36551231 PMCID: PMC9775968 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) promote recovery in a wide range of animal models of injury and disease. They can act in vivo by differentiating and integrating into tissues, secreting factors that promote cell growth and control inflammation, and interacting directly with host effector cells. We focus here on MSC secreted factors by encapsulating the cells in alginate microspheres, which restrict cells from migrating out while allowing diffusion of factors including cytokines across the capsules. One week after intrathecal lumbar injection of human bone marrow MSC encapsulated in alginate (eMSC), rat IL-10 expression was upregulated in distant rat spinal cord injury sites. Detection of human IL-10 protein in rostrally derived cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) indicated distribution of this human MSC-secreted cytokine throughout rat spinal cord CSF. Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of eMSC in a rat model for endotoxemia reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines within 5 h. Detection of human IL-6 in sera after injection of human eMSC indicates rapid systemic distribution of this human MSC-secreted cytokine. Despite proof of concept for eMSC in various disorders using animal models, translation of encapsulation technology has not been feasible primarily because methods for scale-up are not available. To scale-up production of eMSC, we developed a rapid, semi-continuous, capsule collection system coupled to an electrosprayer. This system can produce doses of encapsulated cells sufficient for use in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneel Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Maciej Kabat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Sayantani Basak
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Joanne Babiarz
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Francois Berthiaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Martin Grumet
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-917-597-2597; Fax: +1-732-445-2063
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Cui Y, Nash AM, Castillo B, Sanchez Solis LD, Aghlara-Fotovat S, Levitan M, Kim B, Diehl M, Veiseh O. Development of Serum-Free Media for Cryopreservation of Hydrogel Encapsulated Cell-Based Therapeutics. Cell Mol Bioeng 2022; 15:425-437. [PMID: 36444347 PMCID: PMC9700535 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-022-00739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction While hydrogel encapsulation of cells has been developed to treat multiple diseases, methods to cryopreserve and maintain the composite function of therapeutic encapsulated cell products are still needed to facilitate their storage and distribution. While methods to preserve encapsulated cells, and post-synthesis have received recent attention, effective preservation mediums have not been fully defined. Methods We employed a two-tiered screen of an initial library of 32 different cryopreservation agent (CPA) formulations composed of different cell-permeable and impermeable agents. Formulations were assayed using dark field microscopy to evaluate alginate hydrogel matrix integrity, followed by cell viability analyses and measurements of functional secretion activity. Results The structural integrity of large > 1 mm alginate capsules were highly sensitive to freezing and thawing in media alone but could be recovered by a number of CPA formulations containing different cell-permeable and impermeable agents. Subsequent viability screens identified two top-performing CPA formulations that maximized capsule integrity and cell viability after storage at - 80 °C. The top formulation (10% Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 0.3 M glucose) was demonstrated to preserve hydrogel integrity and retain cell viability beyond a critical USA FDA set 70% viability threshold while maintaining protein secretion and resultant cell potency. Conclusions This prioritized screen identified a cryopreservation solution that maintains the integrity of large alginate capsules and yields high viabilities and potency. Importantly, this formulation is serum-free, non-toxic, and can support the development of clinically translatable encapsulated cell-based therapeutics. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-022-00739-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Cui
- Rice University, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Boram Kim
- Rice University, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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In-vitro and in-vivo biocompatibility of dECM-alginate as a promising candidate in cell delivery for kidney regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 211:616-625. [PMID: 35577186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, kidney decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) and alginate (ALG) hybrid injectable hydrogel, with the purpose of delivering progenitor cells for tissue engineering, were prepared by using a physical crosslinking method in a CaCl2 solution with high porosity for the exchange of nutrition and waste. In addition, the physical appearance and surface morphology of the hydrogel were investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The functional groups of the dECM/ALG xerogels was examined via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The biocompatibility of dECM/ALG xerogels was examined in-vitro using renal progenitor cells obtained from adult rat kidney. Enhanced biocompatibility and significant hemostatic behavior was noticed. Furthermore, the in-vivo biocompatibility of dECM/ALG hydrogel with progenitor cells was determined in the deep renal cortex for 7 and 21 days, in order to assess the foreign body reaction and inflammatory response. Early-stage glomerulus-like structure and dense linear cell network-like phenomenon were noticed. Loading of progenitor cells together with hydrogel enhances the cell density obviously due to cell migration from host and form a pattern. The desired early stage in-vivo response to progenitor cell-laden dECM/ALG hydrogel plays a potential role in kidney regeneration long term.
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Chen S, Luo J, Shen L, Liu X, Wang W, Xu J, Ren Y, Ye Y, Shi G, Cheng F, Cheng L, Su X, Dai L, Gou M, Deng H. 3D Printing Mini-Capsule Device for Islet Delivery to Treat Type 1 Diabetes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23139-23151. [PMID: 35544723 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of encapsulated islets has been shown to hold a promising potential treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, there are several obstacles to overcome, such as immune rejection by the host of the grafts, sustainability of islet function, and retrievability or replacement of the encapsulated system, hinder their clinical applications. In this study, mini-capsule devices containing islets were fabricated by using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. To ensure a high survival rate and low immunogenicity of the fabricated islets, 20s was selected as the most suitable printing condition. Meanwhile, the mini-capsule devices with a groove structure were fabricated to prevent islet cells leakage. Subcutaneous transplantations of encapsulated islets in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice indicated significant improvement in the symptoms of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia without any immunosuppression treatment for at least 15 weeks. In vivo intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT) performed at different time points demonstrated therapeutically relevant glycemic ameliorate of the device. The implants retrieved after 15 weeks still contained viable and adequate numbers of islet cells. The results of this study indicate that the proposed mini-capsule device can deliver sufficient islet cell mass, prevent islet cells leakage, and maintain long-term cell survival while allowing easy retrieval. Furthermore, the proposed encapsulated islets may help with T1D cellular treatment by overcoming the obstacles of islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lanlin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yushuang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yixin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Gang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Fuyi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaolan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Maling Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hongxin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Biomedical polymers: synthesis, properties, and applications. Sci China Chem 2022; 65:1010-1075. [PMID: 35505924 PMCID: PMC9050484 DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical polymers have been extensively developed for promising applications in a lot of biomedical fields, such as therapeutic medicine delivery, disease detection and diagnosis, biosensing, regenerative medicine, and disease treatment. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in the synthesis and application of biomedical polymers, and discuss the comprehensive understanding of their property-function relationship for corresponding biomedical applications. In particular, a few burgeoning bioactive polymers, such as peptide/biomembrane/microorganism/cell-based biomedical polymers, are also introduced and highlighted as the emerging biomaterials for cancer precision therapy. Furthermore, the foreseeable challenges and outlook of the development of more efficient, healthier and safer biomedical polymers are discussed. We wish this systemic and comprehensive review on highlighting frontier progress of biomedical polymers could inspire and promote new breakthrough in fundamental research and clinical translation.
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Wang X, Gao M, Wang Y, Zhang Y. The progress of pluripotent stem cell-derived pancreatic β-cells regeneration for diabetic therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:927324. [PMID: 35966093 PMCID: PMC9365963 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.927324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, characterized by high blood glucose levels either due to an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion or an ineffective response of cells to insulin, a hormone synthetized by β-cells in the pancreas. Despite the current substantial progress of new drugs and strategies to prevent and treat diabetes, we do not understand precisely the exact cause of the failure and impairment of β-cells. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new methods to restore β-cells. In recent years, pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) can serve as an ideal alternative source for the pancreatic β-cells. In this review, we systematically summarize the current progress and protocols of generating pancreatic β-cells from human PSCs. Meanwhile, we also discuss some challenges and future perspectives of human PSCs treatments for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- The Third Norman Bethune Clinical College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengxi Gao
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- The Third Norman Bethune Clinical College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yucheng Zhang, ; Yali Wang,
| | - Yucheng Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yucheng Zhang, ; Yali Wang,
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Kupikowska-Stobba B, Grzeczkowicz M, Lewińska D. A one-step in vitro continuous flow assessment of protein release from core-shell polymer microcapsules designed for therapeutic protein delivery. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhang Y, Gallego I, Plou J, Pedraz JL, Liz-Marzán LM, Ciriza J, García I. SERS monitoring of local pH in encapsulated therapeutic cells. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14354-14362. [PMID: 34477718 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03969e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microencapsulation of therapeutic cells has widely advanced toward the development of treatments for various diseases, in particular seeking the protection of cell transplants from immune rejection. However, several challenges in cell therapy remain due to the lack of suitable methods to monitor in vivo microcapsule tracking, microcapsule stability and/or altered cell viability and proliferation upon transplantation. We propose in this work the incorporation of contrast agents in microcapsules, which can be easily visualized by SERS imaging. By placing SERS probes in the alginate extracellular layer, a high contrast can be obtained with negligible toxicity. Specifically, we used a pH-sensitive SERS tracking probe consisting of gold nanostars encoded with a pH-sensitive Raman-active molecule, and protected by a layer of biocompatible polymer coating, grafted on the nanoparticles via electrostatic interactions. This nanomaterial is highly sensitive within the biologically relevant pH range, 5.5-7.8. We demonstrate that this SERS-based pH sensor can provide information about cell death of microencapsulated cells, in a non-invasive manner. As a result, we expect that this approach should provide a general strategy to study biological interactions at the microcapsule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Zhang
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
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Lopez-Mendez TB, Santos-Vizcaino E, Pedraz JL, Orive G, Hernandez RM. Cell microencapsulation technologies for sustained drug delivery: Latest advances in efficacy and biosafety. J Control Release 2021; 335:619-636. [PMID: 34116135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of cell microencapsulation systems began several decades ago. However, today few systems have been tested in clinical trials. For this reason, in the last years, researchers have directed efforts towards trying to solve some of the key aspects that still limit efficacy and biosafety, the two major criteria that must be satisfied to reach the clinical practice. Regarding the efficacy, which is closely related to biocompatibility, substantial improvements have been made, such as the purification or chemical modification of the alginates that normally form the microspheres. Each of the components that make up the microcapsules has been carefully selected to avoid toxicities that can damage the encapsulated cells or generate an immune response leading to pericapsular fibrosis. As for the biosafety, researchers have developed biological circuits capable of actively responding to the needs of the patients to precisely and accurately release the demanded drug dose. Furthermore, the structure of the devices has been subject of study to adequately protect the encapsulated cells and prevent their spread in the body. The objective of this review is to describe the latest advances made by scientist to improve the efficacy and biosafety of cell microencapsulation systems for sustained drug delivery, also highlighting those points that still need to be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania B Lopez-Mendez
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Edorta Santos-Vizcaino
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore.
| | - Rosa Maria Hernandez
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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13
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Microparticles from glycidylmethacrylated gelatin as cell carriers prepared in an aqueous two-phase system. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Pereira MS, Cardoso LMDF, da Silva TB, Teixeira AJ, Mizrahi SE, Ferreira GSM, Dantas FML, Cotta-de-Almeida V, Alves LA. A Low-Cost Open Source Device for Cell Microencapsulation. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13225090. [PMID: 33187294 PMCID: PMC7696579 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microencapsulation is a widely studied cell therapy and tissue bioengineering technique, since it is capable of creating an immune-privileged site, protecting encapsulated cells from the host immune system. Several polymers have been tested, but sodium alginate is in widespread use for cell encapsulation applications, due to its low toxicity and easy manipulation. Different cell encapsulation methods have been described in the literature using pressure differences or electrostatic changes with high cost commercial devices (about 30,000 US dollars). Herein, a low-cost device (about 100 US dollars) that can be created by commercial syringes or 3D printer devices has been developed. The capsules, whose diameter is around 500 µm and can decrease or increase according to the pressure applied to the system, is able to maintain cells viable and functional. The hydrogel porosity of the capsule indicates that the immune system is not capable of destroying host cells, demonstrating that new studies can be developed for cell therapy at low cost with microencapsulation production. This device may aid pre-clinical and clinical projects in low- and middle-income countries and is lined up with open source equipment devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Salles Pereira
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
- Volta Redonda University Center—UniFOA, Av. Paulo Erlei Alves Abrantes, 1325-Três Poços, Volta Redonda 27240-560, Brazil
| | - Liana Monteiro da Fonseca Cardoso
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Tatiane Barreto da Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Ayla Josma Teixeira
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Saul Eliahú Mizrahi
- National Institute of Technology—INT, Rio de Janeiro Av. Venezuela, 82-Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil; (S.E.M.); (G.S.M.F.); (F.M.L.D.)
| | - Gabriel Schonwandt Mendes Ferreira
- National Institute of Technology—INT, Rio de Janeiro Av. Venezuela, 82-Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil; (S.E.M.); (G.S.M.F.); (F.M.L.D.)
| | - Fabio Moyses Lins Dantas
- National Institute of Technology—INT, Rio de Janeiro Av. Venezuela, 82-Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil; (S.E.M.); (G.S.M.F.); (F.M.L.D.)
| | - Vinicius Cotta-de-Almeida
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil;
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Anastacio Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (M.S.P.); (L.M.d.F.C.); (T.B.d.S.); (A.J.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-2562-1841; Fax: +55-21-2562-1816
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15
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Paez‐Mayorga J, Capuani S, Farina M, Lotito ML, Niles JA, Salazar HF, Rhudy J, Esnaola L, Chua CYX, Taraballi F, Corradetti B, Shelton KA, Nehete PN, Nichols JE, Grattoni A. Enhanced In Vivo Vascularization of 3D-Printed Cell Encapsulation Device Using Platelet-Rich Plasma and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000670. [PMID: 32864893 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current standard for cell encapsulation platforms is enveloping cells in semipermeable membranes that physically isolate transplanted cells from the host while allowing for oxygen and nutrient diffusion. However, long-term viability and function of encapsulated cells are compromised by insufficient oxygen and nutrient supply to the graft. To address this need, a strategy to achieve enhanced vascularization of a 3D-printed, polymeric cell encapsulation platform using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is investigated. The study is conducted in rats and, for clinical translation relevance, in nonhuman primates (NHP). Devices filled with PRP, MSCs, or vehicle hydrogel are subcutaneously implanted in rats and NHP and the amount and maturity of penetrating blood vessels assessed via histopathological analysis. In rats, MSCs drive the strongest angiogenic response at early time points, with the highest vessel density and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. In NHP, PRP and MSCs result in similar vessel densities but incorporation of PRP ensues higher levels of eNOS expression. Overall, enrichment with PRP and MSCs yields extensive, mature vascularization of subcutaneous cell encapsulation devices. It is postulated that the individual properties of PRP and MSCs can be leveraged in a synergistic approach for maximal vascularization of cell encapsulation platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Paez‐Mayorga
- Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences Tecnologico de Monterrey Monterrey NL 64849 Mexico
| | - Simone Capuani
- Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Marco Farina
- Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Politecnico di Torino Torino TO 10129 Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Lotito
- Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di Torino Torino TO 10129 Italy
| | - Jean A. Niles
- University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77550 USA
| | - Hector F. Salazar
- Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Jessica Rhudy
- Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Lucas Esnaola
- Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
| | | | - Francesca Taraballi
- Regenerative Medicine Program Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Houston Methodist Hospital Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Bruna Corradetti
- Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
- Center for NanoHealth Swansea University Medical School Swansea Wales SA2 8QA UK
| | - Kathryn A. Shelton
- Department of Comparative Medicine Michael E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research MD Anderson Cancer Center Bastrop TX 78602 USA
| | - Pramod N. Nehete
- Department of Comparative Medicine Michael E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research MD Anderson Cancer Center Bastrop TX 78602 USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA
| | | | - Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Nanomedicine Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX 77030 USA
- Department of Surgery Houston Methodist Hospital Houston TX 77030 USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology Houston Methodist Hospital Houston TX 77030 USA
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16
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Marfil‐Garza BA, Polishevska K, Pepper AR, Korbutt GS. Current State and Evidence of Cellular Encapsulation Strategies in Type 1 Diabetes. Compr Physiol 2020; 10:839-878. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c190033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Pisani S, Dorati R, Genta I, Chiesa E, Modena T, Conti B. High Efficiency Vibrational Technology (HEVT) for Cell Encapsulation in Polymeric Microcapsules. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12050469. [PMID: 32455714 PMCID: PMC7284989 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA) is a biocompatible and non-biodegradable polymer widely used as biomedical material. PMMA microcapsules with suitable dimension and porosity range are proposed to encapsulate live cells useful for tissue regeneration purposes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of producing cell-loaded PMMA microcapsules through "high efficiency vibrational technology" (HEVT). Preliminary studies were conducted to set up the process parameters for PMMA microcapsules production and human dermal fibroblast, used as cell model, were encapsulated in shell/core microcapsules. Microcapsules morphometric analysis through optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy highlighted that uniform microcapsules of 1.2 mm with circular surface pores were obtained by HEVT. Best process conditions used were as follows: frequency of 200 Hz, voltage of 750 V, flow rate of core solution of 10 mL/min, and flow rate of shell solution of 0.5 bar. Microcapsule membrane allowed permeation of molecules with low and medium molecular weight up to 5900 Da and prevented diffusion of high molecular weight molecules (11,000 Da). The yield of the process was about 50% and cell encapsulation efficiency was 27% on total amount. The cell survived and growth up to 72 h incubation in simulated physiologic medium was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pisani
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, Department of Maternal and Children’s Health, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Rossella Dorati
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ida Genta
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Enrica Chiesa
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Tiziana Modena
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Bice Conti
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.G.); (E.C.); (T.M.); (B.C.)
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18
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Facklam AL, Volpatti LR, Anderson DG. Biomaterials for Personalized Cell Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902005. [PMID: 31495970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell therapy has already had an important impact on healthcare and provided new treatments for previously intractable diseases. Notable examples include mesenchymal stem cells for tissue regeneration, islet transplantation for diabetes treatment, and T cell delivery for cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials have the potential to extend the therapeutic impact of cell therapies by serving as carriers that provide 3D organization and support cell viability and function. With the growing emphasis on personalized medicine, cell therapies hold great potential for their ability to sense and respond to the biology of an individual patient. These therapies can be further personalized through the use of patient-specific cells or with precision biomaterials to guide cellular activity in response to the needs of each patient. Here, the role of biomaterials for applications in tissue regeneration, therapeutic protein delivery, and cancer immunotherapy is reviewed, with a focus on progress in engineering material properties and functionalities for personalized cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Facklam
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lisa R Volpatti
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Daniel G Anderson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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19
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Sun J, Ren Y, Wang W, Hao H, Tang M, Zhang Z, Yang J, Zheng Y, Shi X. Transglutaminase-Catalyzed Encapsulation of Individual Mammalian Cells with Biocompatible and Cytoprotective Gelatin Nanoshells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2336-2345. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Sun
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yafeng Ren
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Weibin Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Huili Hao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Mingyu Tang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zibo Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yunquan Zheng
- Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - XianAi Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
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20
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Bonani W, Cagol N, Maniglio D. Alginate Hydrogels: A Tool for 3D Cell Encapsulation, Tissue Engineering, and Biofabrication. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1250:49-61. [PMID: 32601937 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3262-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of hydrogels have been proposed for tissue engineering applications, cell encapsulation, and bioinks for bioprinting applications. Cell-laden hydrogel constructs rely on natural hydrogels such as alginate, agarose, chitosan, collagen, gelatin, fibroin, and hyaluronic acid (HA), as well as on synthetic hydrogels such as poloxamers (Pluronics®) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Alginate has become more and more important in the last years, thanks to the possibility to prepare alginate hydrogels suitable for cell encapsulation mainly because of the mild and reversible cross-linking conditions. In this paper alginate will be described in detail with respect to its chemistry, cross-linking behavior, biocompatibility, manufacturing capacity, and possible modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Bonani
- Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Nicola Cagol
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Devid Maniglio
- Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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21
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Fuchs S, Shariati K, Ma M. Specialty Tough Hydrogels and Their Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901396. [PMID: 31846228 PMCID: PMC7586320 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have long been explored as attractive materials for biomedical applications given their outstanding biocompatibility, high water content, and versatile fabrication platforms into materials with different physiochemical properties and geometries. Nonetheless, conventional hydrogels suffer from weak mechanical properties, restricting their use in persistent load-bearing applications often required of materials used in medical settings. Thus, the fabrication of mechanically robust hydrogels that can prolong the lifetime of clinically suitable materials under uncompromising in vivo conditions is of great interest. This review focuses on design considerations and strategies to construct such tough hydrogels. Several promising advances in the proposed use of specialty tough hydrogels for soft actuators, drug delivery vehicles, adhesives, coatings, and in tissue engineering settings are highlighted. While challenges remain before these specialty tough hydrogels will be deemed translationally acceptable for clinical applications, promising preliminary results undoubtedly spur great hope in the potential impact this embryonic research field can have on the biomedical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Fuchs
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Riley Robb Hall 322, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Kaavian Shariati
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Riley Robb Hall 322, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Riley Robb Hall 322, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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22
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Santos-Vizcaino E, Orive G, Pedraz JL, Hernandez RM. Clinical Applications of Cell Encapsulation Technology. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2100:473-491. [PMID: 31939144 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0215-7_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell encapsulation comprises immunoisolation three-dimensional systems for housing therapeutic cells that secrete bioactive compounds de novo and in a sustained manner. This allows transplantation of multiple allo- or xenogeneic cells without the aid of immunosuppressant drugs. Recent advances in the field have provided improvements to these cell-based drug delivery systems, which have gained the attention of the scientific community and inspired many biotechnological companies to develop their own product candidates. From micro- to macroencapsulation devices, this chapter describes some of the most important approaches that are being currently tested in late-stage clinical trials and are likely to reach the market as future game changers. Most studies involve the treatment of diabetes, eye disorders, and diseases of the central nervous system. However, many other pathologies are also amenable to benefit from this technology. Latest advances to overcome major pending challenges related to biosafety and efficacy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edorta Santos-Vizcaino
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology-UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain.,BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Hernandez
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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23
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Kabat M, Bobkov I, Kumar S, Grumet M. Trends in mesenchymal stem cell clinical trials 2004-2018: Is efficacy optimal in a narrow dose range? Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 9:17-27. [PMID: 31804767 PMCID: PMC6954709 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of clinical trials using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has increased since 2008, but this trend slowed in the past several years and dropped precipitously in 2018. Previous reports have analyzed MSC clinical trials by disease, phase, cell source, country of origin, and trial initiation date, all of which can be downloaded directly from http://clinicaltrials.gov. We have extended analyses to a larger group of 914 MSC trials reported through 2018. To search for potential factors that may influence the design of new trials, we extracted data on routes of administration and dosing from individual http://clinicaltrials.gov records as this information cannot be downloaded directly from the database. Intravenous (IV) injection is the most common, least invasive and most reproducible method, accounting for 43% of all trials. The median dose for IV delivery is 100 million MSCs/patient/dose. Analysis of all trials using IV injection that reported positive outcomes indicated minimal effective doses (MEDs) ranging from 70 to 190 million MSCs/patient/dose in 14/16 trials with the other two trials administering much higher doses of at least 900 million cells. Dose‐response data showing differential efficacy for improved outcomes were reported in only four trials, which indicated a narrower MED range of 100‐150 million MSCs/patient with lower and higher IV doses being less effective. The results suggest that it may be critical to determine MEDs in early trials before proceeding with large clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Kabat
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Ivan Bobkov
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Suneel Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Martin Grumet
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
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24
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Huang Y, Ren J, Qu X. Nanozymes: Classification, Catalytic Mechanisms, Activity Regulation, and Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 119:4357-4412. [PMID: 30801188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1387] [Impact Index Per Article: 277.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Because of the high catalytic activities and substrate specificity, natural enzymes have been widely used in industrial, medical, and biological fields, etc. Although promising, they often suffer from intrinsic shortcomings such as high cost, low operational stability, and difficulties of recycling. To overcome these shortcomings, researchers have been devoted to the exploration of artificial enzyme mimics for a long time. Since the discovery of ferromagnetic nanoparticles with intrinsic horseradish peroxidase-like activity in 2007, a large amount of studies on nanozymes have been constantly emerging in the next decade. Nanozymes are one kind of nanomaterials with enzymatic catalytic properties. Compared with natural enzymes, nanozymes have the advantages such as low cost, high stability and durability, which have been widely used in industrial, medical, and biological fields. A thorough understanding of the possible catalytic mechanisms will contribute to the development of novel and high-efficient nanozymes, and the rational regulations of the activities of nanozymes are of great significance. In this review, we systematically introduce the classification, catalytic mechanism, activity regulation as well as recent research progress of nanozymes in the field of biosensing, environmental protection, and disease treatments, etc. in the past years. We also propose the current challenges of nanozymes as well as their future research focus. We anticipate this review may be of significance for the field to understand the properties of nanozymes and the development of novel nanomaterials with enzyme mimicking activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Huang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , Jilin 130022 , China.,College of Light Industry and Food Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
| | - Jinsong Ren
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , Jilin 130022 , China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization , Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun , Jilin 130022 , China
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25
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Gurruchaga H, Del Burgo LS, Orive G, M Hernandez R, Ciriza J, L Pedraz J. Cell Microencapsulation and Cryopreservation with Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronan and Dimethyl Sulfoxide. Bio Protoc 2019; 9:e3164. [PMID: 33654970 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is commonly used for the storage of cells, tissues, organs or 3D cell-based products using ultra-low temperatures, which involves the immersion in liquid nitrogen for their long-term preservation. The cryopreservation of several microencapsulated cells is usually performed by the slow freezing with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotectant agent (CPA). In this study, we cryopreserved several microencapsulated cells with the natural, non-toxic low molecular-weight hyaluronan (LMW-HA) at 5% and DMSO 10% solution assessing cell viability and metabolic activity after thawing. The cryopreservation of microencapsulated D1 mesenchymal stem cells (D1MSC) and murine myoblast cells (C2C12) with the LMW-HA 5% presented similar outcomes after thawing compared to the DMSO solution, showing the low molecular weight hyaluronan as a natural, non-toxic CPA that can be used preventing the DMSO related adverse effects after the implantation of the cryopreserved cell-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gurruchaga
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - L Saenz Del Burgo
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - G Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology-UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain; BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | - R M Hernandez
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - J Ciriza
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - J L Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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26
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Hyaluronic acid enhances cell survival of encapsulated insulin-producing cells in alginate-based microcapsules. Int J Pharm 2019; 557:192-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Yang J, Yang Y, Kawazoe N, Chen G. Encapsulation of individual living cells with enzyme responsive polymer nanoshell. Biomaterials 2019; 197:317-326. [PMID: 30685690 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell delivery in cell therapy is typically challenged by the low cell survival rate and immunological rejection during cells injection and circulation. Encapsulation of cells with semipermeable hydrogels or membranes can improve cell viability by resisting high shear force and inhibit immune response with the physical isolation effect. Herein, the individual HeLa cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were encapsulated with enzyme responsive polymer nanoshell. The encapsulation shell was prepared via the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly of functionalized gelatin and click chemistry of peptide linker and gelatin. The encapsulated cells showed high cell viability and could resist the physical stress. Moreover, the encapsulation shell had a prolonged encapsulation sustaining period and could effectively prevent the invasion of external entities. In addition, on-site cell release was realized via enzymolysis of the encapsulation shell by human matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), an overexpressed enzyme on tumor area. The finding of this study proved a potential approach in cell therapy, especially for cell-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Yang
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan; College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Yingjun Yang
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawazoe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Guoping Chen
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
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28
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Farina M, Alexander JF, Thekkedath U, Ferrari M, Grattoni A. Cell encapsulation: Overcoming barriers in cell transplantation in diabetes and beyond. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 139:92-115. [PMID: 29719210 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based therapy is emerging as a promising strategy for treating a wide range of human diseases, such as diabetes, blood disorders, acute liver failure, spinal cord injury, and several types of cancer. Pancreatic islets, blood cells, hepatocytes, and stem cells are among the many cell types currently used for this strategy. The encapsulation of these "therapeutic" cells is under intense investigation to not only prevent immune rejection but also provide a controlled and supportive environment so they can function effectively. Some of the advanced encapsulation systems provide active agents to the cells and enable a complete retrieval of the graft in the case of an adverse body reaction. Here, we review various encapsulation strategies developed in academic and industrial settings, including the state-of-the-art technologies in advanced preclinical phases as well as those undergoing clinical trials, and assess their advantages and challenges. We also emphasize the importance of stimulus-responsive encapsulated cell systems that provide a "smart and live" therapeutic delivery to overcome barriers in cell transplantation as well as their use in patients.
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29
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Orive G, Santos-Vizcaino E, Pedraz JL, Hernandez RM, Vela Ramirez JE, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Khademhosseini A, Peppas NA, Emerich DF. 3D cell-laden polymers to release bioactive products in the eye. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 68:67-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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30
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Correia CR, Reis RL, Mano JF. Design Principles and Multifunctionality in Cell Encapsulation Systems for Tissue Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701444. [PMID: 30102458 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell encapsulation systems are being increasingly applied as multifunctional strategies to regenerate tissues. Lessons afforded with encapsulation systems aiming to treat endocrine diseases seem to be highly valuable for the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) systems of today, in which tissue regeneration and biomaterial integration are key components. Innumerous multifunctional systems for cell compartmentalization are being proposed to meet the specific needs required in the TERM field. Herein is reviewed the variable geometries proposed to produce cell encapsulation strategies toward tissue regeneration, including spherical and fiber-shaped systems, and other complex shapes and arrangements that better mimic the highly hierarchical organization of native tissues. The application of such principles in the TERM field brings new possibilities for the development of highly complex systems, which holds tremendous promise for tissue regeneration. The complex systems aim to recreate adequate environmental signals found in native tissue (in particular during the regenerative process) to control the cellular outcome, and conferring multifunctional properties, namely the incorporation of bioactive molecules and the ability to create smart and adaptative systems in response to different stimuli. The new multifunctional properties of such systems that are being employed to fulfill the requirements of the TERM field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara R. Correia
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables, and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables, and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables, and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
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31
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The use of hydrogels for cell-based treatment of chronic kidney disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1977-1994. [PMID: 30220651 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major and growing public health concern with increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide. The therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) holds great promise for treatment of CKD. However, there are significant bottlenecks in the clinical translation due to the reduced number of transplanted cells and the duration of their presence at the site of tissue damage. Bioengineered hydrogels may provide a route of cell delivery to enhance treatment efficacy and optimise the targeting effectiveness while minimising any loss of cell function. In this review, we highlight the advances in stem cell therapy targeting kidney disease and discuss the emerging role of hydrogel delivery systems to fully realise the potential of adult stem cells as a regenerative therapy for CKD in humans. MSCs and EPCs mediate kidney repair through distinct paracrine effects. As a delivery system, hydrogels can prolong these paracrine effects by improving retention at the site of injury and protecting the transplanted cells from the harsh inflammatory microenvironment. We also discuss the features of a hydrogel, which may be tuned to optimise the therapeutic potential of encapsulated stem cells, including cell-adhesive epitopes, material stiffness, nanotopography, modes of gelation and degradation and the inclusion of bioactive molecules. This review concludes with a discussion of the challenges to be met for the widespread clinical use of hydrogel delivery system of stem cell therapy for CKD.
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32
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Itel F, Skovhus Thomsen J, Städler B. Matrix Vesicles-Containing Microreactors as Support for Bonelike Osteoblasts to Enhance Biomineralization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:30180-30190. [PMID: 30113809 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic cell mimicry aims to provide a source of cell-like assemblies, which exhibit the core structural or functional properties of their natural counterparts with broad envisioned applications in biomedicine. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) aims at promoting and inciting the natural healing process of, for instance, critically sized bone defects. Microreactors designed to co-assemble with biological bone-forming osteoblasts like SaOS-2 cells to start biomineralization are reported for the first time. The alginate-based microparticles are equipped with active alkaline phosphatase-loaded artificial liposomes or SaOS-2-derived matrix vesicles (MVs). Spheroids assembled from SaOS-2 cells and microreactors not only exhibit higher cell viability, but also show enhanced biomineralization when MVs are present. The active biomineralization stimulation of the microreactors is illustrated by colorimetric calcium quantification and micro-computed tomography. These findings show the promising potential of applying cell mimicry in BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Itel
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Jesper Skovhus Thomsen
- Department of Biomedicine , Aarhus University , Wilhelm Meyers Allé 3 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
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33
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DURUKSU G, POLAT S, KAYİŞ L, EKİMCİ GÜRCAN N, GACAR G, YAZIR Y. Improvement of the insulin secretion from beta cells encapsulated in alginate/poly-L- histidine/alginate microbeads by platelet-rich plasma. Turk J Biol 2018; 42:297-306. [PMID: 30814893 PMCID: PMC6392160 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1802-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is clinically characterized as the loss of control of glucose homeostasis due to the reduced number of insulinproducing cells. Long-term glycemic control after implantation could be maintained by preserving the cell viability and tissue-specific functions during the process of microencapsulation. In this study, alginate solution was supplemented with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to improve the viability and preserve the cell functions during the encapsulation of a beta cell line (BRIN-BD11). Cell viability was assessed and insulin secretion and insulin stimulation index were evaluated. eTh polymerization of alginate with PRP enhanced the viability up to 61% in the alginate microbeads. PRP supplementation to the alginate composition not only increased the number of viable cells by 1.95-fold, but the insulin secretion also improved by about 66%. eTh stimulation index, however, was not affected by the PRP supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan DURUKSU
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene eThrapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
- Department of Stem Cells, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
| | - Selen POLAT
- Department of Stem Cells, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
| | - Leyla KAYİŞ
- Department of Stem Cells, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
| | - Nur EKİMCİ GÜRCAN
- Department of Stem Cells, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
| | - Gülçin GACAR
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene eThrapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
- Department of Stem Cells, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
| | - Yusufhan YAZIR
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene eThrapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
- Department of Stem Cells, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University
,
İzmit, Kocaeli
,
Turkey
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34
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Development of probiotic-loaded microcapsules for local delivery: Physical properties, cell release and growth. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 121:178-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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36
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Abstract
Review of emerging advances and persisting challenges in the engineering and translation of islet encapsulation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Long-Hai Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
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37
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Gonzalez-Pujana A, Orive G, Pedraz JL, Santos-Vizcaino E, Hernandez RM. Alginate Microcapsules for Drug Delivery. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6910-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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Cagol N, Bonani W, Maniglio D, Migliaresi C, Motta A. Effect of Cryopreservation on Cell-Laden Hydrogels: Comparison of Different Cryoprotectants. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2018; 24:20-31. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Cagol
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Biotech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
| | - Walter Bonani
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Biotech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
| | - Devid Maniglio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Biotech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
| | - Claudio Migliaresi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Biotech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Biotech Research Center, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
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39
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Benameur L, Baudequin T, Mekhail M, Tabrizian M. The bioconjugation mechanism of purine cross-linkers affects microstructure and cell response to ultra rapidly gelling purine–chitosan sponges. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:602-613. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02968c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As a cell carrier, cross-linking is one of the most common approaches used to provide chitosan with greater structural integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Benameur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | | | - Mina Mekhail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry
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40
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Gonzalez-Pujana A, Santos E, Orive G, Pedraz JL, Hernandez RM. Cell microencapsulation technology: Current vision of its therapeutic potential through the administration routes. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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41
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Examination of In vitro and In vivo biocompatibility of alginate-hyaluronic acid microbeads As a promising method in cell delivery for kidney regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:143-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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42
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Lopez-Mendez TB, Santos-Vizcaino E, Blanco FJ, Pedraz JL, Hernandez RM, Orive G. Improved control over MSCs behavior within 3D matrices by using different cell loads in both in vitro and in vivo environments. Int J Pharm 2017; 533:62-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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43
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Biological responses of T cells encapsulated with polyelectrolyte-coated gold nanorods and their cellular activities in a co-culture system. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-017-0605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Biomaterial-assisted cell therapy in osteoarthritis: From mesenchymal stem cells to cell encapsulation. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2017; 31:730-745. [DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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45
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Perteghella S, Vigani B, Mastracci L, Grillo F, Antonioli B, Galuzzi M, Tosca MC, Crivelli B, Preda S, Tripodo G, Marazzi M, Chlapanidas T, Torre ML. Stromal Vascular Fraction Loaded Silk Fibroin Mats Effectively Support the Survival of Diabetic Mice after Pancreatic Islet Transplantation. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17:1700131. [PMID: 28691373 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess whether stromal vascular fraction (SVF)-soaked silk fibroin nonwoven mats (silk-SVF) can preserve the functionality of encapsulated pancreatic endocrine cells (alginate-PECs) after transplantation in the subcutaneous tissue of diabetic mice. Silk scaffolds are selected to create an effective 3D microenvironment for SVF delivery in the subcutaneous tissue before diabetes induction: silk-SVF is subcutaneously implanted in the dorsal area of five healthy animals; after 15 d, mice are treated with streptozotocin to induce diabetes and then alginate-PECs are implanted on the silk-SVF. All animals appear in good health, increasing weight during time, and among them, one presents euglycemia until the end of experiments. On the contrary, when PECs are simultaneously implanted with SVF after diabetes induction, mice are euthanized due to suffering. This work clearly demonstrates that silk-SVF creates a functional niche in subcutaneous tissue and preserves endocrine cell survival and engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Vigani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Section of Histopathology, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), IRCCS San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi 8, 16121, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Section of Histopathology, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), IRCCS San Martino IST Hospital, University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi 8, 16121, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Antonioli
- Struttura Semplice Tissue Therapy, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Galuzzi
- Struttura Semplice Tissue Therapy, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Cecilia Tosca
- Struttura Semplice Tissue Therapy, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Crivelli
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Preda
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tripodo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Marazzi
- Struttura Semplice Tissue Therapy, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162, Milan, Italy
| | - Theodora Chlapanidas
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Itel F, Schattling PS, Zhang Y, Städler B. Enzymes as key features in therapeutic cell mimicry. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 118:94-108. [PMID: 28916495 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell mimicry is a nature inspired concept that aims to substitute for missing or lost (sub)cellular function. This review focuses on the latest advancements in the use of enzymes in cell mimicry for encapsulated catalysis and artificial motility in synthetic bottom-up assemblies with emphasis on the biological response in cell culture or more rarely in animal models. Entities across the length scale from nano-sized enzyme mimics, sub-micron sized artificial organelles and self-propelled particles (swimmers) to micron-sized artificial cells are discussed. Although the field remains in its infancy, the primary aim of this review is to illustrate the advent of nature-mimicking artificial molecules and assemblies on their way to become a complementary alternative to their role models for diverse biomedical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Itel
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Philipp S Schattling
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Yan Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
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Recent development in cell encapsulations and their therapeutic applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 77:1247-1260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Optimization of de-esterified tragacanth microcapsules by computational fluid dynamic and the Taguchi design with purpose of the cell encapsulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:17-26. [PMID: 28712996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the development of the new De-Esterified Tragacanth (DET) microcapsules (MCs). Co-flow extrusion method was applied for producing the MCs; the processing parameters were optimized by the Taguchi design to obtain the smallest and the most spherical MCs. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) modeling was accomplished to show the formation of droplets at different airflows, and finally, βTC3 pancreatic cells were encapsulated in the MCs. The optimum MCs had 214.58μm size and 60.75% sphericality. The air pressure and the cross-linking reaction of DET were the most influential parameter in size and the sphericality of MCs, respectively. CFD showed two velocity vortices with rotational flow formed in the chamber, which caused changing the droplet moving direction. The encapsulated cells were proliferated, and cell viability was not reduced during six days. These phenomena make DET MCs a potential candidate for the cell encapsulation.
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Chaimov D, Baruch L, Krishtul S, Meivar-levy I, Ferber S, Machluf M. Innovative encapsulation platform based on pancreatic extracellular matrix achieve substantial insulin delivery. J Control Release 2017; 257:91-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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50
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Esfahani RR, Jun H, Rahmani S, Miller A, Lahann J. Microencapsulation of Live Cells in Synthetic Polymer Capsules. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:2839-2847. [PMID: 30023677 PMCID: PMC6044854 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In cell therapies, it is advantageous to encapsulate live cells in protective, semipermeable microparticles for controlled release of cytokines, growth factors, monoclonal antibodies, or insulin. Here, a modified electrospraying approach with an organic solution of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) polymer is used to create synthetic PLGA capsules that effectively protect live cells. Using a design of experiment (DOE) methodology, the effect of governing jetting parameters on encapsulation efficiency, yield, and size is systematically evaluated. On the basis of this analysis, the interaction between bovine serum albumin concentration and core flow rate is the most dominant factor determining core encapsulation efficiency as well as the microcapsule size. However, the interaction between shell solvent ratio and shell flow rate predominantly defines the particle yield. To validate these findings, live cells have been successfully encapsulated in microcapsules using optimized parameters from the DOE analysis and have survived the electrohydrodynamic jetting process. Extending the currently available toolkit for cell microencapsulation, these biodegradable, semi-impermeable cell-laden microcapsules may find a range of applications in areas such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Roghani Esfahani
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Biointerface Institute, and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Haysun Jun
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Biointerface Institute, and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Sahar Rahmani
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Biointerface Institute, and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Andrea Miller
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Biointerface Institute, and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Joerg Lahann
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Biointerface Institute, and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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