1
|
Rosato L, Lavorini E, Deandrea M. Could Transplantation into the Thyroid Gland Benefit Pancreatic Islet Grafting in Unstable Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM), Complicated Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM), and Patients with Total Pancreatectomy? Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:839-844. [PMID: 38153636 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insular allograft for unstable type 1 diabetes and autograft in pancreatectomy patients are nowadays considered established procedures with precise indications and predictable outcomes. The clinical outcome of islet transplantation is similar to that of pancreas transplantation, avoiding the complications associated with organ transplantation. OBJECTIVE We hypothesised that transplantation of islets of Langerhans within an endocrine organ could better promote their engraftment and function. This could help to resolve or ameliorate known pathological conditions such as unstable type 1 diabetes and complicated type 2 diabetes. RATIONALE Pancreatic islet transplantation is currently performed almost exclusively in the liver. The liver provides a sufficiently favourable environment, although not entirely. The hepatic parenchyma has a lower oxygen tension than the pancreatic parenchyma and the vascular structure of the liver is not typical of an exclusively endocrine organ. Moreover, islet transplantation into the liver is not without complications, including hematoma or portal vein thrombosis. PROPOSED PROJECT The thyroid gland is the endocrine gland proposed as a 'container'. In fact, it has all the characteristics of 'physio-compatibility' which can address the objectives assumed. It is indeed an ideal site because it is an easily accessible anatomical site that allows islets to be implanted using ultrasound-guided transcutaneous inoculation technique. Moreover, it has physiological and anatomical endocrine affinities with pancreatic islets and, if necessary, it can be removed, using hormone supplementation or replacement therapy. CONCLUSIONS The thyroid gland may be proposed as an ideal site for islet implantation due to its anatomical and physiocompatibility characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lodovico Rosato
- Surgery and Oncology Department, School of Medicine, ASL TO4 Ivrea Hospital, University of Turin, Ivrea, 10015, Italy
| | - Eugenia Lavorini
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, San Donato Hospital Arezzo, Arezzo, 52100, Italy.
| | - Maurilio Deandrea
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Center for Thyroid Diseases, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, 10128, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rocha DS, Manucci AC, Bruni-Cardoso A, Kowaltowski AJ, Vilas-Boas EA. A practical and robust method to evaluate metabolic fluxes in primary pancreatic islets. Mol Metab 2024; 83:101922. [PMID: 38521184 PMCID: PMC11002748 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP production is important to investigate pancreatic islet pathophysiology. Most studies use cell lines due to difficulties in measuring primary islet respiration, which requires specific equipment and consumables, is expensive and poorly reproducible. Our aim was to establish a practical method to assess primary islet metabolic fluxes using standard commercial consumables. METHODS Pancreatic islets were isolated from mice/rats, dispersed with trypsin, and adhered to pre-coated standard Seahorse or Resipher microplates. Oxygen consumption was evaluated using a Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer or a Resipher Real-time Cell Analyzer. RESULTS We provide a detailed protocol with all steps to optimize islet isolation with high yield and functionality. Our method requires a few islets per replicate; both rat and mouse islets present robust basal respiration and proper response to mitochondrial modulators and glucose. The technique was validated by other functional assays, which show these cells present conserved calcium influx and insulin secretion in response to glucose. We also show that our dispersed islets maintain robust basal respiration levels, in addition to maintaining up to 89% viability after five days in dispersed cultures. Furthermore, OCRs can be measured in Seahorse analyzers and in other plate respirometry systems, using standard materials. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we established a practical and robust method to assess islet metabolic fluxes and oxidative phosphorylation, a valuable tool to uncover basic β-cell metabolic mechanisms as well as for translational investigations, such as pharmacological candidate discovery and islet transplantation protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debora S Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Manucci
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eloisa A Vilas-Boas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maranesi M, Palmioli E, Dall'Aglio C, Marini D, Anipchenko P, De Felice E, Scocco P, Mercati F. Resistin in endocrine pancreas of sheep: Presence and expression related to different diets. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 348:114452. [PMID: 38246291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Resistin (RETN), a recently discovered adipokine, is a cysteine-rich and secretory protein produced by adipocytes. RETN has been detected in several tissues, including human and laboratory animals' pancreas, wherein impairs glucose tolerance and insulin (INS) action and causes INS resistance. This study aims to evaluate the presence and expression of RETN in the pancreas of 15 adult female sheep reared on Apennine pastures, which show a decrease in their nutritional value due to the drought stress linked to the increasing summer aridity. The sheep were divided into 3 groups according to the diet they were subjected to: maximum pasture flowering (MxF) group, maximum pasture dryness (MxD) group, and experimental (Exp) group which received a feed supplementation in addition to the MxD group feeding. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections of the pancreas to detect the RETN presence and to evaluate the co-localization of RETN with both glucagon (GCG)- and INS-producing cells. In addition, the expression of the three molecules was evaluated also in relation to different diets. RETN was observed only in the endocrine pancreas, showing a wide distribution throughout the pancreatic islets with few negative cells and the RETN producing cells colocalized with both α cells and ß cells. No differences in distribution and immunostaining intensity of RETN, GCG and INS were observed among the three groups. Quantitative PCR showed the expression of RETN, GCG and INS in all tested samples. No significant differences were observed for RETN and GCG among all three groups of sheep. Instead, a high statistically significant expression of INS was detected in the MxF group with respect to the Exp and MxD groups. These results highlight the localization of RETN in GCG- and INS-secreting cells involved in glucose homeostasis suggesting a modulatory role for RETN. Furthermore, the RETN expression is not influenced by food supplementation and thus is not affected by diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Maranesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| | - Elisa Palmioli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy; Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences, and Education, PhD Course in "Ethics of Communication, Scientific Research and Technological Innovation" Medical-Health Curriculum, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini, 1, 06123 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Dall'Aglio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| | - Daniele Marini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy; Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Polina Anipchenko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| | - Elena De Felice
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, IT, Italy.
| | - Paola Scocco
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, IT, Italy.
| | - Francesca Mercati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yammine L, Picatoste B, Abdullah N, Leahey RA, Johnson EF, Gómez-Banoy N, Rosselot C, Wen J, Hossain T, Goncalves MD, Lo JC, Garcia-Ocaña A, McGraw TE. Spatiotemporal regulation of GIPR signaling impacts glucose homeostasis as revealed in studies of a common GIPR variant. Mol Metab 2023; 78:101831. [PMID: 37925022 PMCID: PMC10665708 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has a role in controlling postprandial metabolic tone. In humans, a GIP receptor (GIPR) variant (Q354, rs1800437) is associated with a lower body mass index (BMI) and increased risk for Type 2 Diabetes. To better understand the impacts of GIPR-Q354 on metabolism, it is necessary to study it in an isogeneic background to the predominant GIPR isoform, E354. To accomplish this objective, we used CRISPR-CAS9 editing to generate mouse models of GIPR-Q354 and GIPR-E354. Here we characterize the metabolic effects of GIPR-Q354 variant in a mouse model (GIPR-Q350). METHODS We generated the GIPR-Q350 mice for in vivo studies of metabolic impact of the variant. We isolated pancreatic islets from GIPR-Q350 mice to study insulin secretion ex vivo. We used a β-cell cell line to understand the impact of the GIPR-Q354 variant on the receptor traffic. RESULTS We found that female GIPR-Q350 mice are leaner than littermate controls, and male GIPR-Q350 mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity, in line with the association of the variant with reduced BMI in humans. GIPR-Q350 mice of both sexes are more glucose tolerant and exhibit an increased sensitivity to GIP. Postprandial GIP levels are reduced in GIPR-Q350 mice, revealing feedback regulation that balances the increased sensitivity of GIP target tissues to secretion of GIP from intestinal endocrine cells. The increased GIP sensitivity is recapitulated ex vivo during glucose stimulated insulin secretion assays in islets. Generation of cAMP in islets downstream of GIPR activation is not affected by the Q354 substitution. However, post-activation traffic of GIPR-Q354 variant in β-cells is altered, characterized by enhanced intracellular dwell time and increased localization to the Trans-Golgi Network (TGN). CONCLUSIONS Our data link altered intracellular traffic of the GIPR-Q354 variant with GIP control of metabolism. We propose that this change in spatiotemporal signaling underlies the physiologic effects of GIPR-Q350/4 and GIPR-E350/4 in mice and humans. These findings contribute to a more complete understanding of the impact of GIPR-Q354 variant on glucose homeostasis that could perhaps be leveraged to enhance pharmacologic targeting of GIPR for the treatment of metabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Yammine
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Belén Picatoste
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nazish Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Rosemary A Leahey
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Emma F Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nicolás Gómez-Banoy
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Carolina Rosselot
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jennifer Wen
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Tahmina Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - James C Lo
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Timothy E McGraw
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA; Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Krishtul S, Skitel Moshe M, Kovrigina I, Baruch L, Machluf M. ECM-based bioactive microencapsulation significantly improves islet function and graft performance. Acta Biomater 2023; 171:249-260. [PMID: 37708927 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Microencapsulation is a promising strategy to prolong the survival and function of transplanted pancreatic islets for diabetes therapy, albeit its translation has been impeded by incoherent graft performance. The use of decellularized ECM has lately gained substantial research momentum due to its innate capacity to augment the function of cells originating from the same tissue type. In the present study, the advantages of both these approaches are leveraged in a porcine pancreatic ECM (pECM)-based microencapsulation platform, thus significantly enhancing murine pancreatic islet performance. pECM-encapsulated islets sustain high insulin secretion levels in vitro, surpassing those of islets encapsulated in conventional alginate microcapsules. Moreover, pECM-encapsulated islet cells proliferate and produce an enriched intra-islet ECM framework, displaying a distinctive structural rearrangement. The beneficial effect of pECM encapsulation is further reinforced by the temporary protection against cytokine-induced cytotoxicity. In-vivo, this platform significantly improves glucose tolerance and achieves glycemic correction in 100% of immunocompetent diabetic mice without any immunosuppression, compared to only 50% mice achieved glycemic correction by alginate encapsulation. Altogether, the results presented herein reveal that pECM-based microencapsulation offers a natural pancreatic niche that can restore the function of isolated pancreatic islets and deliver them safely, avoiding the need for immunosuppression. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Aiming to improve pancreatic islet transplantation outcomes in diabetic patients, we developed a microencapsulation platform based on pancreatic extracellular matrix (pECM). In these microcapsules the islets are entrapped within a pECM hydrogel that mimics the natural pancreatic microenvironment. We show that pECM encapsulation supports the islets' viability and function in culture, and provides temporal protection against cytokine-induced stress. In a diabetic mouse model, pECM encapsulation significantly improved glucose tolerance and achieved glycemic correction without any immunosuppression. These results reveal the potential of pECM encapsulation as a viable treatment for diabetes, providing a solid scientific basis for more advanced preclinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stasia Krishtul
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Michal Skitel Moshe
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Inna Kovrigina
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Limor Baruch
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Marcelle Machluf
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Muntjewerff EM, Josyula VS, Christoffersson G. Three-dimensional Co-culture Model for Live Imaging of Pancreatic Islets, Immune Cells, and Neurons in Agarose Gel. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4852. [PMID: 37900103 PMCID: PMC10603256 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
During the onset of autoimmune diabetes, nerve-immune cell interactions seem to play an important role; however, there are currently no models to follow and interfere with these interactions over time in vivo or in vitro. Two-dimensional in vitro models provide insufficient information and microfluidics or organs on a chip are usually challenging to work with. We present here what we believe to be the first simple model that provides the opportunity to co-culture pancreatic islets with sympathetic nerves and immune cells. This model is based on our stamping device that can be 3D printed (STL file provided). Due to the imprint in the agarose gel, sympathetic neurons, pancreatic islets, and macrophages can be seeded in specific locations at a level that allows for confocal live-cell imaging. In this protocol, we provide the instructions to construct and perform live cell imaging experiments in our co-culture model, including: 1) design for the stamping device to make the imprint in the gel, 2) isolation of sympathetic neurons, pancreatic islets, and macrophages, 3) co-culture conditions, 4) how this can be used for live cell imaging, and 5) possibilities for wider use of the model. In summary, we developed an easy-to-use co-culture model that allows manipulation and imaging of interactions between sympathetic nerves, pancreatic islets, and macrophages. This new co-culture model is useful to study nerve-immune cell-islet interactions and will help to identify the functional relevance of neuro-immune interactions in the pancreas. Key features • A novel device that allows for 3D co-culture of sympathetic neurons, pancreatic islets, and immune cells • The device allows the capture of live interactions between mouse sympathetic neurons, pancreatic islets, and immune cells in a controlled environment after six days of co-culturing. • This protocol uses cultured sympathetic neurons isolated from the superior cervical ganglia using a previously established method (Jackson and Tourtellotte, 2014) in a 3D co-culture. • This method requires 3D printing of our own designed gel-stamping device (STL print file provided on SciLifeLab FigShare DOI: 10.17044/scilifelab.24073062).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijay S Josyula
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Christoffersson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Elsayed AK, Alajez NM, Abdelalim EM. Genome-wide differential expression profiling of long non-coding RNAs in FOXA2 knockout iPSC-derived pancreatic cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:229. [PMID: 37670346 PMCID: PMC10478503 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our recent studies have demonstrated the crucial involvement of FOXA2 in the development of human pancreas. Reduction of FOXA2 expression during the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into pancreatic islets has been found to reduce α-and β-cell masses. However, the extent to which such changes are linked to alterations in the expression profile of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) remains unraveled. METHODS Here, we employed our recently established FOXA2-deficient iPSCs (FOXA2-/- iPSCs) to investigate changes in lncRNA profiles and their correlation with dysregulated mRNAs during the pancreatic progenitor (PP) and pancreatic islet stages. Furthermore, we constructed co-expression networks linking significantly downregulated lncRNAs with differentially expressed pancreatic mRNAs. RESULTS Our results showed that 442 lncRNAs were downregulated, and 114 lncRNAs were upregulated in PPs lacking FOXA2 compared to controls. Similarly, 177 lncRNAs were downregulated, and 59 lncRNAs were upregulated in islet cells lacking FOXA2 compared to controls. At both stages, we observed a strong correlation between lncRNAs and several crucial pancreatic genes and TFs during pancreatic differentiation. Correlation analysis revealed 12 DE-lncRNAs that strongly correlated with key downregulated pancreatic genes in both PPs and islet cell stages. Selected DE-lncRNAs were validated using RT-qPCR. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that the observed defects in pancreatic islet development due to the FOXA2 loss is associated with significant alterations in the expression profile of lncRNAs. Therefore, our findings provide novel insights into the role of lncRNA and mRNA networks in regulating pancreatic islet development, which warrants further investigations. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K Elsayed
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
- Stem Cell Core, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Nehad M Alajez
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center (TCIC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Essam M Abdelalim
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yabe SG, Fukuda S, Nishida J, Takeda F, Okochi H. The functional maturity of grafted human pluripotent stem cell derived-islets (hSC-Islets) evaluated by the glycemic set point during blood glucose normalizing process in diabetic mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19972. [PMID: 37809993 PMCID: PMC10559575 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSCs) derived-pancreatic islets (hSC-islets) are good candidates for cell replacement therapy for patients with diabetes as substitutes for deceased donor-derived islets, because they are pluripotent and have infinite proliferation potential. Grafted hSC-islets ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic mice; however, several weeks are needed to normalize the hyperglycemia. These data suggest hSC-islets require maturation, but their maturation process in vivo is not yet fully understood. In this study, we utilized two kinds of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes model mice by changing the administration timing in order to examine the time course of maturation of hSC-islets and the effects of hyperglycemia on their maturation. We found no hyperglycemia in immune-compromised mice when hSC-islets had been transplanted under their kidney capsules in advance, and STZ was administered 4 weeks after transplantation. Of note, the blood glucose levels of those mice were stably maintained under 100 mg/dl 10 weeks after transplantation; this is lower than the mouse glycemic set point (120-150 mg/dl), suggesting that hSC-islets control blood glucose levels to the human glycemic set point. We confirmed that gene expression of maturation markers of pancreatic beta cells tended to upregulate during 4 weeks after transplantation. Periodical histological analysis revealed that revascularization was observed as early as 1 week after transplantation, but reinnervation in the grafted hSC-islets was not detected at all, even 15 weeks after transplantation. In conclusion, our hSC-islets need at least 4 weeks to mature, and the human glycemic set point is a good index for evaluating ultimate maturity for hSC-islets in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeharu G. Yabe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Satsuki Fukuda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Junko Nishida
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Fujie Takeda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okochi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Roca-Rivada A, Marín-Cañas S, Colli ML, Vinci C, Sawatani T, Marselli L, Cnop M, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL. Inhibition of the type 1 diabetes candidate gene PTPN2 aggravates TNF-α-induced human beta cell dysfunction and death. Diabetologia 2023; 66:1544-1556. [PMID: 36988639 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05908-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS TNF-α plays a role in pancreatic beta cell loss in type 1 diabetes mellitus. In clinical interventions, TNF-α inhibition preserves C-peptide levels in early type 1 diabetes. In this study we evaluated the crosstalk of TNF-α, as compared with type I IFNs, with the type 1 diabetes candidate gene PTPN2 (encoding protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 [PTPN2]) in human beta cells. METHODS EndoC-βH1 cells, dispersed human pancreatic islets or induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived islet-like cells were transfected with siRNAs targeting various genes (siCTRL, siPTPN2, siJNK1, siJNK3 or siBIM). Cells were treated for 48 h with IFN-α (2000 U/ml) or TNF-α (1000 U/ml). Cell death was evaluated using Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide staining. mRNA levels were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and protein expression by immunoblot. RESULTS PTPN2 silencing sensitised beta cells to cytotoxicity induced by IFN-α and/or TNF-α by 20-50%, depending on the human cell model utilised; there was no potentiation between the cytokines. We silenced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1 or Bcl-2-like protein 2 (BIM), and this abolished the proapoptotic effects of IFN-α, TNF-α or the combination of both after PTPN2 inhibition. We further observed that PTPN2 silencing increased TNF-α-induced JNK1 and BIM phosphorylation and that JNK3 is necessary for beta cell resistance to IFN-α cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We show that the type 1 diabetes candidate gene PTPN2 is a key regulator of the deleterious effects of TNF-α in human beta cells. It is conceivable that people with type 1 diabetes carrying risk-associated PTPN2 polymorphisms may particularly benefit from therapies inhibiting TNF-α.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Roca-Rivada
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sandra Marín-Cañas
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maikel L Colli
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chiara Vinci
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Toshiaki Sawatani
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Janikiewicz J, Dobosz AM, Majzner K, Bernas T, Dobrzyn A. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 deficiency exacerbates palmitate-induced lipotoxicity by the formation of small lipid droplets in pancreatic β-cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166711. [PMID: 37054998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The accelerating accumulation of surplus lipids in the pancreas triggers structural and functional changes in type 2 diabetes-affected islets. Pancreatic β-cells exhibit a restricted capacity to store fat reservoirs in lipid droplets (LDs), which act as transient buffers to prevent lipotoxic stress. With the increasing incidence of obesity, growing interest has been seen in the intracellular regulation of LD metabolism for β-cell function. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is critical for producing unsaturated fatty acyl moieties for fluent storage into and out of LDs, likely affecting the overall rate of β-cell survival. We explored LD-associated composition and remodeling in SCD1-deprived INS-1E cells and in pancreatic islets in wildtype and SCD1-/- mice in the lipotoxic milieu. Deficiency in the enzymatic activity of SCD1 led to decrease in the size and number of LDs and the lower accumulation of neutral lipids. This occurred in parallel with a higher compactness and lipid order inside LDs, followed by changes in the saturation status and composition of fatty acids within core lipids and the phospholipid coat. The lipidome of LDs was enriched in 18:2n-6 and 20:4n-6 in β-cells and pancreatic islets. These rearrangements markedly contributed to differences in protein association with the LD surface. Our findings highlight an unexpected molecular mechanism by which SCD1 activity affects the morphology, composition and metabolism of LDs. We demonstrate that SCD1-dependent disturbances in LD enrichment can impact proper pancreatic β-cells and islet functioning, which may have considerable therapeutic value for the management of type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Janikiewicz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aneta M Dobosz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Majzner
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland; Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Cracow, Poland
| | - Tytus Bernas
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, USA
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Le Solliec MA, Arabo A, Takhlidjt S, Maucotel J, Devère M, Berrahmoune H, Bénani A, Nedelec E, Lefranc B, Leprince J, Picot M, Chartrel N, Prévost G. Interactions between the regulatory peptide 26RFa (QRFP) and insulin in the regulation of glucose homeostasis in two complementary models: The high fat 26RFa-deficient mice and the streptozotocin insulin-deficient mice. Neuropeptides 2023; 98:102326. [PMID: 36791581 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The regulatory peptide 26RFa (QRFP) is involved in the control of glucose homeostasis at the periphery by acting as an incretin, and in the brain by mediating the central antihyperglycemic effect of insulin, indicating the occurrence of a close relationship between 26RFa and insulin in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Here, we investigated the physiological interactions between 26RFa and insulin in two complementary models i.e. a model of obese/hyperglycemic mice deficient for 26RFa and a model of diabetic mice deficient for insulin. For this, transgenic 26RFa-deficient mice were made obese and chronically hyperglycemic by a 3-month high fat diet (HFD) and second group of mice was made diabetic by destruction of the β cells of the pancreatic islets using a single injection of streptozotocin. Our data reveal that 26RFa deficiency does not impact significantly the "glycemic" phenotype of the HFD mice. The pancreatic islets, liver, white adipose tissue masses are not altered by the lack of 26RFa production but the brown adipose tissue (BAT) weight is significantly increased in these animals. In diabetic insulin-deficient mice, the injection of 26RFa does not exhibit any beneficial effect on the impaired glucose homeostasis characterizing this model. Finally, we show that streptozotocin diabetic mice display lowered plasma 26RFa levels as compared to untreated mice, whereas the expression of the peptide in the duodenum is not affected. Taken together, the present results indicate that dysregulation of glucose homeostasis in obese/hyperglycemic mice is not aggravated by the absence of 26RFa that may be compensated by the increase of BAT mass. In diabetic insulin-deficient mice, the antihypergycemic effect of 26RFa is totally blunted probably as a result of the impaired insulin production characterizing this model, avoiding therefore the action of the peptide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM US 31, CNRS UAR 2026, HeRacLeS, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Saloua Takhlidjt
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Julie Maucotel
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM US 31, CNRS UAR 2026, HeRacLeS, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Mélodie Devère
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Hind Berrahmoune
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Alexandre Bénani
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nedelec
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France; Univ Rouen Normandie, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN), F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France; Univ Rouen Normandie, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN), F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marie Picot
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Gaëtan Prévost
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1239, CHU Rouen, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and metabolic diseases, F-76000 Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ghasemi A, Gheibi S, Kashfi K, Jeddi S. Anti-oxidant effect of nitrite in the pancreatic islets of type 2 diabetic male rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2023; 26:420-428. [PMID: 37009002 PMCID: PMC10008387 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.68245.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Nitrite, a nitric oxide (NO) donor, increases insulin secretion from pancreatic islets and has positive metabolic effects in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we test the hypothesis of whether nitrite-induced insulin secretion is due to blunting of diabetes-induced oxidative stress in the islets. Materials and Methods T2D was created in male rats using a combination of streptozotocin at 25 mg/kg and a high-fat diet. Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups (n=6 in each group), including control, T2D, and T2D+nitrite; the latter group consumed drinking water containing sodium nitrite (50 mg/l) for eight weeks. At the end of the study, mRNA levels of NADPH oxidase (Nox1, 2, 3, and 4), superoxide dismutase (SOD1, 2, and 3), glutathione peroxides (GPX1 and 7), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase, thioredoxin (TXN1 and 2), and thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD1) were measured in the isolated pancreatic islets. Results In the islets of diabetic rats, mRNA expressions of Nox1, 2, and 4 were higher, whereas expressions of SOD1, 2, catalase, GPX1, 7, GR, and TXN1 were lower than controls. Nitrite significantly (all P-values<0.05) decreased gene expression of Nox1 (0.39-fold) and Nox4 (0.23-fold) and increased gene expression of SOD1 (2.2-fold), SOD2 (2.8-fold), catalase (2.7-fold), GPX1 (2.2-fold), GPX7 (6.0-fold), GR (3.0-fold), TXN1 (2.1-fold), and TXNRD1 (2.3-fold) in diabetic rats. Conclusion Nitrite decreased oxidative stress in isolated pancreatic islets of rats with T2D by suppressing oxidants and augmenting anti-oxidants. These findings favor the notion that nitrite-induced insulin secretion is partially due to decreased oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sevda Gheibi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Center, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, USA
- Corresponding authors: Khosrow Kashfi. Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, USA. ; Sajad Jeddi. Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding authors: Khosrow Kashfi. Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, USA. ; Sajad Jeddi. Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fu Q, Jiang H, Qian Y, Lv H, Dai H, Zhou Y, Chen Y, He Y, Gao R, Zheng S, Liang Y, Li S, Xu X, Xu K, Yang T. Single-cell RNA sequencing combined with single-cell proteomics identifies the metabolic adaptation of islet cell subpopulations to high-fat diet in mice. Diabetologia 2023; 66:724-740. [PMID: 36538064 PMCID: PMC9765371 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Islets have complex heterogeneity and subpopulations. Cell surface markers representing alpha, beta and delta cell subpopulations are urgently needed for investigations to explore the compositional changes of each subpopulation in obesity progress and diabetes onset, and the adaptation mechanism of islet metabolism induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was applied to identify alpha, beta and delta cell subpopulation markers in an HFD-induced mouse model of glucose intolerance. Flow cytometry and immunostaining were used to sort and assess the proportion of each subpopulation. Single-cell proteomics was performed on sorted cells, and the functional status of each alpha, beta and delta cell subpopulation in glucose intolerance was deeply elucidated based on protein expression. RESULTS A total of 33,999 cells were analysed by scRNA-seq and clustered into eight populations, including alpha, beta and delta cells. For alpha cells, scRNA-seq revealed that the Ace2low subpopulation had downregulated expression of genes related to alpha cell function and upregulated expression of genes associated with beta cell characteristics in comparison with the Ace2high subpopulation. The impaired function and increased fragility of ACE2low alpha cells exposure to HFD was further suggested by single-cell proteomics. As for beta cells, the CD81high subpopulation may indicate an immature signature of beta cells compared with the CD81low subpopulation, which had robust function. We also found differential expression of Slc2a2 in delta cells and a potentially stronger cellular function and metabolism in GLUT2low delta cells than GLUT2high delta cells. Moreover, an increased proportion of ACE2low alpha cells and CD81low beta cells, with a constant proportion of GLUT2low delta cells, were observed in HFD-induced glucose intolerance. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We identified ACE2, CD81 and GLUT2 as surface markers to distinguish, respectively, alpha, beta and delta cell subpopulations with heterogeneous maturation and function. The changes in the proportion and functional status of islet endocrine subpopulations reflect the metabolic adaptation of islets to high-fat stress, which weakened the function of alpha cells and enhanced the function of beta and delta cells to bring about glycaemic homeostasis. Our findings provide a fundamental resource for exploring the mechanisms maintaining each islet endocrine subpopulation's fate and function in health and disease. DATA AVAILABILITY The scRNA-seq analysis datasets from the current study are available in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository under the accession number GSE203376.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hemin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuncai Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunqiang He
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yucheng Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siqi Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Wuhan Clinical Laboratories, BGI-Shenzhen, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kuanfeng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liao X, Zou J, Wu M, Deng Y, Shi J, Hao Y, Deng H, Liao W. Hypoglycemic effect of NOBILETIN via Gut MICROBIOTA-Metabolism Axis on Hyperglycemic Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023:e2200289. [PMID: 36906890 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Pre-diabetes and diabetes are major public health problems worldwide without specific cure currently. Gut microbes have been recognized as one of the vital therapeutic targets for diabetes. The exploration that nobiletin (NOB) whether affect gut microbes provided a scientific basis for its application. METHODS AND RESULTS A hyperglycemia animal model was established using high-fat-fed ApoE-/- mice. After 24 weeks of NOB intervention, the level of fasting blood glucose (FBG), glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and glycosylated serum protein (GSP) were measured. Pancreas integrity was observed by HE staining and transmission electron microscopy. 16s RNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were to determine the changes of intestinal microbial composition and metabolic pathways. The levels of FBG and GSP in hyperglycemic mice were effectively reduced. The secretory function of pancreas was improved. Meanwhile, NOB treatment restored the gut microbial composition and affected metabolic function. Furthermore, NOB treatment regulated the metabolic disorder mainly through lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and Secondary bile acid metabolism, etc. In addition, it was possibly existed mutual promotion between microbe and metabolites. CONCLUSION NOB probably played a vital role in the hypoglycemic effect and pancreatic islets protection by improving microbiota composition and gut metabolism. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zou
- School of Biological Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Mengting Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Yudi Deng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jinwei Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Yuting Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Wenzhen Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Boldison J, Hopkinson JR, Davies J, Pearson JA, Leete P, Richardson S, Morgan NG, Wong FS. Gene expression profiling in NOD mice reveals that B cells are highly educated by the pancreatic environment during autoimmune diabetes. Diabetologia 2023; 66:551-566. [PMID: 36508037 PMCID: PMC9892163 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS B cells play an important role in driving the development of type 1 diabetes; however, it remains unclear how they contribute to local beta cell destruction during disease progression. Here, we use gene expression profiling of B cell subsets identified in inflamed pancreatic tissue to explore their primary functional role during the progression of autoimmune diabetes. METHODS Transcriptional profiling was performed on FACS-sorted B cell subsets isolated from pancreatic islets and the pancreatic lymph nodes of NOD mice. RESULTS B cells are highly modified by the inflamed pancreatic tissue and can be distinguished by their transcriptional profile from those in the lymph nodes. We identified both a discrete and a core shared gene expression profile in islet CD19+CD138- and CD19+CD138+ B cell subsets, the latter of which is known to have enriched autoreactivity during diabetes development. On localisation to pancreatic islets, compared with CD138- B cells, CD138+ B cells overexpress genes associated with adhesion molecules and growth factors. Their shared signature consists of gene expression changes related to the differentiation of antibody-secreting cells and gene regulatory networks associated with IFN signalling pathways, proinflammatory cytokines and Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. Finally, abundant TLR7 expression was detected in islet B cells and was enhanced specifically in CD138+ B cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study provides a detailed transcriptional analysis of islet B cells. Specific gene signatures and interaction networks have been identified that point towards a functional role for B cells in driving autoimmune diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Boldison
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Jessica R Hopkinson
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Joanne Davies
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - James A Pearson
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Pia Leete
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Sarah Richardson
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - F Susan Wong
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wei S, Li C, Wang Z, Chen Y. Nutritional strategies for intervention of diabetes and improvement of β-cell function. Biosci Rep 2023; 43. [PMID: 36714968 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20222151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, especially Type 2 diabetes (T2D), is caused by multiple factors including genetics, diets, and lifestyles. Diabetes is a chronic condition and is among the top 10 causes of death globally. Nutritional intervention is one of the most important and effective strategies for T2D management. It is well known that most of intervention strategies can lower blood glucose level and improve insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. However, the regulation of pancreatic β cells by dietary intervention is not well characterized. In this review, we summarized some of the commonly used nutritional methods for diabetes intervention. We then discussed the effects and the underlying mechanisms of nutritional intervention in improving the cell mass and function of pancreatic islet β cells. With emerging intervention strategies and in-depth investigation, we are expecting to have a better understanding about the effectiveness of dietary interventions in ameliorating T2D in the future.
Collapse
|
17
|
Hyder A. Naturally-occurring carboxylic acids from traditional antidiabetic plants as potential pancreatic islet FABP3 inhibitors. A molecular docking-aided study. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 372:110368. [PMID: 36709838 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The antidiabetic action of traditional plants is mostly attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These plants are still having some secrets, making them an attractive source that allows for investigating new drugs or uncovering precise pharmacologic antidiabetic functions of their constituents. In diabetes, which is a lipid disease, long-term exposure of pancreatic islet beta cells to fatty acids (FAs) increases basal insulin release, reduces glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, causes islet beta cell inflammation, failure and apoptosis. Pancreatic islet beta cells express fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) that receives long-chain FAs and traffics them throughout different cellular compartments to be metabolized and render their effects. Inhibition of this FABP3 may retard FA metabolism and protect islet beta cells. Since FAs interact with FABPs by their carboxylic group, some traditionally-known antidiabetic plants were reviewed in the present study, searching for their components that have common features of FABP ligands, namely carboxylic group and hydrophobic tail. Many of these carboxylic acids were computationally introduced into the ligand-binding pocket of FABP3 and some of them exhibited FABP3 ligand possibilities. Among others, the naturally occurring ferulic, cleomaldeic, caffeic, sinapic, hydroxycinnamic, 4-p-coumaroylquinic, quinoline-2-carboxylic, chlorogenic, 6-hydroxykynurenic, and rosmarinic acids in many plants are promising candidates for being FABP3-specific inhibitors. The study shed light on repurposing these phyto-carboxylic acids to function as FABP inhibitors. However, more in-depth biological and pharmacological studies to broaden the understanding of this function are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Hyder
- Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Brusco N, Sebastiani G, Di Giuseppe G, Licata G, Grieco GE, Fignani D, Nigi L, Formichi C, Aiello E, Auddino S, Quero G, Cefalo CMA, Cinti F, Mari A, Ferraro PM, Pontecorvi A, Alfieri S, Giaccari A, Dotta F, Mezza T. Intra-islet insulin synthesis defects are associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and loss of beta cell identity in human diabetes. Diabetologia 2023; 66:354-366. [PMID: 36280617 PMCID: PMC9807540 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05814-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and beta cell dedifferentiation both play leading roles in impaired insulin secretion in overt type 2 diabetes. Whether and how these factors are related in the natural history of the disease remains, however, unclear. METHODS In this study, we analysed pancreas biopsies from a cohort of metabolically characterised living donors to identify defects in in situ insulin synthesis and intra-islet expression of ER stress and beta cell phenotype markers. RESULTS We provide evidence that in situ altered insulin processing is closely connected to in vivo worsening of beta cell function. Further, activation of ER stress genes reflects the alteration of insulin processing in situ. Using a combination of 17 different markers, we characterised individual pancreatic islets from normal glucose tolerant, impaired glucose tolerant and type 2 diabetic participants and reconstructed disease progression. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study suggests that increased beta cell workload is accompanied by a progressive increase in ER stress with defects in insulin synthesis and loss of beta cell identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Brusco
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Di Giuseppe
- Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Giada Licata
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppina E Grieco
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Fignani
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Nigi
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Caterina Formichi
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Aiello
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Auddino
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Quero
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
- Pancreatic surgery unit, Pancreatic Advanced Research Center (CRMPG), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara M A Cefalo
- Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Cinti
- Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Mari
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro M Ferraro
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
- U.O.S. Terapia Conservativa della Malattia Renale Cronica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Sergio Alfieri
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
- Pancreatic surgery unit, Pancreatic Advanced Research Center (CRMPG), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Giaccari
- Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy.
| | - Teresa Mezza
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Enríquez J, Sosa-Larios T, Díaz-Díaz E, Morimoto S. The potent contraceptive gestodene exerts insulinotropic effects through its a-ring reduced metabolites with intrinsic estrogen-like activity in pancreatic β-cells. J Endocrinol Invest 2023:10.1007/s40618-022-01977-2. [PMID: 36705838 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01977-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The contraceptive gestodene is a potent synthetic progestin used in several low-dose contraceptive formulations. Clinical studies reported a relationship between long-term use of combined oral contraceptives containing gestodene (GDN) and profound alterations in glucose metabolism in women. The observation that contraceptive synthetic progestins exert hormone-like effects other than their progestational activities, prompted us to investigate whether GDN may induce estrogen-like effects, even though GDN does not interact with estrogen receptors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether GDN affect pancreatic β-cell activity, directly or through its conversion to other bioactive metabolites. METHODS The effects of GDN and its two derivatives 3β,5α-tetrahydro-GDN and 3α,5α-tetrahydro-GDN on insulin 2 (Ins II) and glucokinase (Gk) expression and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion were determined in pancreatic islets from female rats. RESULTS Gestodene did exert significant effects on islet β-cells activity. The most striking finding was that 3β,5α-tetrahydro-GDN and 3α,5α-tetrahydro-GDN had greater stimulatory effects on Ins II and Gk expression than that observed with GDN, consistent with their effects on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The effects on gene expression induced by GDN-derivatives were abolished by ICI 182,780 and MPP. In addition, the presence of inhibitors of androgen and progestin-metabolizing enzymes eliminated gene expression induced by GDN. These results indicated that GDN is metabolized to A-ring reduced metabolites with estrogen-like activities and through this mechanism, GDN may affect β-cell activity. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, the data suggest that 19-nortestosterone-derived contraceptives such as GDN, possess insulinotropic effects through their conversion into metabolites with intrinsic estrogen-like activity in pancreatic β-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Enríquez
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Carlos Gual Castro", Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Mexico City, 14080, México.
| | - T Sosa-Larios
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Carlos Gual Castro", Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Mexico City, 14080, México
| | - E Díaz-Díaz
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Carlos Gual Castro", Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Mexico City, 14080, México
| | - S Morimoto
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Carlos Gual Castro", Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Mexico City, 14080, México
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Brownrigg GP, Xia YH, Chu CMJ, Wang S, Chao C, Zhang JA, Skovsø S, Panzhinskiy E, Hu X, Johnson JD, Rideout EJ. Sex differences in islet stress responses support female β cell resilience. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101678. [PMID: 36690328 PMCID: PMC9971554 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic β cells play a key role in maintaining glucose homeostasis; dysfunction of this critical cell type causes type 2 diabetes (T2D). Emerging evidence points to sex differences in β cells, but few studies have examined male-female differences in β cell stress responses and resilience across multiple contexts, including diabetes. Here, we address the need for high-quality information on sex differences in β cell and islet gene expression and function using both human and rodent samples. METHODS In humans, we compared β cell gene expression and insulin secretion in donors with T2D to non-diabetic donors in both males and females. In mice, we generated a well-powered islet RNAseq dataset from 20-week-old male and female siblings with similar insulin sensitivity. Our unbiased gene expression analysis pointed to a sex difference in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Based on this analysis, we hypothesized female islets would be more resilient to ER stress than male islets. To test this, we subjected islets isolated from age-matched male and female mice to thapsigargin treatment and monitored protein synthesis, cell death, and β cell insulin production and secretion. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were used to characterize sex differences in islet responses to ER stress. RESULTS Our single-cell analysis of human β cells revealed sex-specific changes to gene expression and function in T2D, correlating with more robust insulin secretion in human islets isolated from female donors with T2D compared to male donors with T2D. In mice, RNA sequencing revealed differential enrichment of unfolded protein response pathway-associated genes, where female islets showed higher expression of genes linked with protein synthesis, folding, and processing. This differential expression was physiologically significant, as islets isolated from female mice were more resilient to ER stress induction with thapsigargin. Specifically, female islets showed a greater ability to maintain glucose-stimulated insulin production and secretion during ER stress compared with males. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate sex differences in β cell gene expression in both humans and mice, and that female β cells show a greater ability to maintain glucose-stimulated insulin secretion across multiple physiological and pathological contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George P Brownrigg
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yi Han Xia
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chieh Min Jamie Chu
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Charlotte Chao
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jiashuo Aaron Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Søs Skovsø
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Evgeniy Panzhinskiy
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - James D Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Elizabeth J Rideout
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Guo Q, AlKendi A, Jiang X, Mittone A, Wang L, Larsson E, Bravin A, Renström E, Fang X, Zhang E. Reduced volume of diabetic pancreatic islets in rodents detected by synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast microtomography and deep learning network. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13081. [PMID: 36718155 PMCID: PMC9883183 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The pancreatic islet is a highly structured micro-organ that produces insulin in response to rising blood glucose. Here we develop a label-free and automatic imaging approach to visualize the islets in situ in diabetic rodents by the synchrotron radiation X-ray phase-contrast microtomography (SRμCT) at the ID17 station of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The large-size images (3.2 mm × 15.97 mm) were acquired in the pancreas in STZ-treated mice and diabetic GK rats. Each pancreas was dissected by 3000 reconstructed images. The image datasets were further analysed by a self-developed deep learning method, AA-Net. All islets in the pancreas were segmented and visualized by the three-dimension (3D) reconstruction. After quantifying the volumes of the islets, we found that the number of larger islets (=>1500 μm3) was reduced by 2-fold (wt 1004 ± 94 vs GK 419 ± 122, P < 0.001) in chronically developed diabetic GK rat, while in STZ-treated diabetic mouse the large islets were decreased by half (189 ± 33 vs 90 ± 29, P < 0.001) compared to the untreated mice. Our study provides a label-free tool for detecting and quantifying pancreatic islets in situ. It implies the possibility of monitoring the state of pancreatic islets in vivo diabetes without labelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Guo
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Islet Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Abdulla AlKendi
- Islet Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Xiaoping Jiang
- Islet Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Alberto Mittone
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, United States
- Biomedical Beamline ID17, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Linbo Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Emanuel Larsson
- Division of Solid Mechanics & LUNARC, Department of Construction Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alberto Bravin
- Biomedical Beamline ID17, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble Cedex, France
- Department of Physics, University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Physics, Università della Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Erik Renström
- Islet Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Xianyong Fang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Enming Zhang
- Islet Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
- Corresponding author. Islet Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang X, Ostrov DA, Tian H. Taste Receptors Function as Nutrient Sensors in Pancreatic Islets: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Diabetes. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022:EMIDDT-EPUB-128522. [PMID: 36582067 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666221229115230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glucose, amino acids, and free fatty acids are critical nutrients participating in stimulating or regulating the hormone secretion of islets. These nutrients are believed to be metabolized by pancreatic endocrine cells to function. However, recent evidence suggests that taste receptors, which play key roles in the oral cavity to sense glucose (sweet taste), amino acids (umami taste), and free fatty acids (fatty taste), are expressed in pancreatic islet cells and may act to sense these nutrients to regulate pancreatic hormone secretion, including insulin and glucagon. Disorders in these taste receptor pathways in islets may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes, or it may influence hyperglycemia, disturbance in amino acid metabolism, or hyperlipidemia. In this review, we summarize the expression and hormone-regulating functions of sweet, umami, and fatty taste receptors acting as nutrient sensors in pancreatic islets in vitro and in vivo. We discuss the potential roles of these taste receptor-nutrient sensor pathways in islets targeted to develop therapeutic strategies for diabetes and related disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China 610041
| | - David A Ostrov
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China 610041
| | - Haoming Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China 610041
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dobosz AM, Janikiewicz J, Krogulec E, Dziewulska A, Ajduk A, Szpila M, Nieznańska H, Szczepankiewicz AA, Wypych D, Dobrzyn A. Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in the mouse impairs pancreatic islet morphogenesis and promotes loss of β-cell identity and α-cell expansion in the mature pancreas. Mol Metab 2022; 67:101659. [PMID: 36529318 PMCID: PMC9801219 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities that characterize the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) include deficiencies of β-cells and the expansion of α-cells in pancreatic islets, manifested by lower insulin release and glucagon oversecretion. The molecular mechanisms that determine intra-islet interactions between pancreatic α- and β-cells are still not fully understood. The present study showed that stearoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase 1 (SCD1), an enzyme that is implicated in fatty acid metabolism, serves as a checkpoint in the control of endocrine cell equilibrium in pancreatic islets. Our data showed that SCD1 activity is essential for proper α-cell and β-cell lineage determination during morphogenesis of the pancreas and the maintenance of mature β-cell identity. The inhibition of SCD1 expression/activity led to both a decrease in the expression of β-cell signature genes (e.g., Pdx1, Nkx6.1, MafA, and Neurod1, among others) and induction of the expression of the dedifferentiation marker Sox9 in mature pancreatic islets. The transcriptional repression of Pdx1 and MafA in SCD1-deficient β-cells was related to the excessive methylation of promoter regions of these transcription factors. In contrast, SCD1 ablation favored the formation of α-cells over β-cells throughout pancreas organogenesis and did not compromise α-cell identity in adult pancreatic islets. Such molecular changes that were caused by SCD1 downregulation resulted in the mislocalization of α-cells within the core of islets and increased the ratio of pancreatic α- to β-cell mass. This was followed by islet dysfunction, including impairments in glucose-stimulated insulin release, simultaneously with elevations of basal glucagon secretion. Altogether, these findings provide additional mechanistic insights into the role of SCD1 in the pathogenesis of T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta M. Dobosz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland,Corresponding author.
| | - Justyna Janikiewicz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Krogulec
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Dziewulska
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Ajduk
- Department of Embryology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marcin Szpila
- Department of Embryology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Hanna Nieznańska
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Andrzej A. Szczepankiewicz
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Wypych
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Data generated over nearly two decades clearly demonstrate the importance of epigenetic modifications and mechanisms in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. However, the role of pharmacoepigenetics in type 2 diabetes is less well established. The field of pharmacoepigenetics covers epigenetic biomarkers that predict response to therapy, therapy-induced epigenetic alterations as well as epigenetic therapies including inhibitors of epigenetic enzymes. Not all individuals with type 2 diabetes respond to glucose-lowering therapies in the same way, and there is therefore a need for clinically useful biomarkers that discriminate responders from non-responders. Blood-based epigenetic biomarkers may be useful for this purpose. There is also a need for a better understanding of whether existing glucose-lowering therapies exert their function partly through therapy-induced epigenetic alterations. Finally, epigenetic enzymes may be drug targets for type 2 diabetes. Here, I discuss whether pharmacoepigenetics is clinically relevant for type 2 diabetes based on studies addressing this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Ling
- Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sioofy-Khojine AB, Richardson SJ, Locke JM, Oikarinen S, Nurminen N, Laine AP, Downes K, Lempainen J, Todd JA, Veijola R, Ilonen J, Knip M, Morgan NG, Hyöty H, Peakman M, Eichmann M. Detection of enterovirus RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with the presence of the predisposing allele of the type 1 diabetes risk gene IFIH1 and with disease stage. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1701-1709. [PMID: 35867130 PMCID: PMC9477938 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05753-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Enteroviral infection has been implicated consistently as a key environmental factor correlating with the appearance of autoimmunity and/or the presence of overt type 1 diabetes, in which pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells are destroyed by an autoimmune response. Genetic predisposition through variation in the type 1 diabetes risk gene IFIH1 (interferon induced with helicase C domain 1), which encodes the viral pattern-recognition receptor melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), supports a potential link between enterovirus infection and type 1 diabetes. METHODS We used molecular techniques to detect enterovirus RNA in peripheral blood samples (in separated cellular compartments or plasma) from two cohorts comprising 79 children or 72 adults that include individuals with and without type 1 diabetes who had multiple autoantibodies. We also used immunohistochemistry to detect the enteroviral protein VP1 in the pancreatic islets of post-mortem donors (n=43) with type 1 diabetes. RESULTS We observed enhanced detection sensitivity when sampling the cellular compartment compared with the non-cellular compartment of peripheral blood (OR 21.69; 95% CI 3.64, 229.20; p<0.0001). In addition, we show that children with autoimmunity are more likely to test positive for enterovirus RNA than those without autoimmunity (OR 11.60; 95% CI 1.89, 126.90; p=0.0065). Furthermore, we found that individuals carrying the predisposing allele (946Thr) of the common variant in IFIH1 (rs1990760, Thr946Ala) are more likely to test positive for enterovirus in peripheral blood (OR 3.07; 95% CI 1.02, 8.58; p=0.045). In contrast, using immunohistochemistry, there was no correlation between the common variant in IFIH1 and detection of enteroviral VP1 protein in the pancreatic islets of donors with type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data indicate that, in peripheral blood, antigen-presenting cells are the predominant source of enterovirus infection, and that infection is correlated with disease stage and genetic predisposition, thereby supporting a role for enterovirus infection prior to disease onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir-Babak Sioofy-Khojine
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Jonathan M Locke
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Sami Oikarinen
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | - Noora Nurminen
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti-Pekka Laine
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kate Downes
- JDRF/Wellcome Trust Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge University Hospitals Genomics Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Johanna Lempainen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - John A Todd
- JDRF/Wellcome Trust Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health and Care Research/Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Riitta Veijola
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikael Knip
- Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
- Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mark Peakman
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Eichmann
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Habibe JJ, Clemente-Olivo MP, Scheithauer TPM, Rampanelli E, Herrema H, Vos M, Mieremet A, Nieuwdorp M, van Raalte DH, Eringa EC, de Vries CJM. Glucose-mediated insulin secretion is improved in FHL2-deficient mice and elevated FHL2 expression in humans is associated with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1721-1733. [PMID: 35802167 PMCID: PMC9477948 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The general population is ageing, involving an enhanced incidence of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. With ageing, DNA methylation of FHL2 increases, as well as expression of the four and a half LIM domains 2 (FHL2) protein in human pancreatic islets. We hypothesised that FHL2 is actively involved in glucose metabolism. METHODS Publicly available microarray datasets from human pancreatic islets were analysed for FHL2 expression. In FHL2-deficient mice, we studied glucose clearance and insulin secretion. Gene expression analysis and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) were determined in isolated murine FHL2-deficient islets to evaluate insulin-secretory capacity. Moreover, knockdown and overexpression of FHL2 were accomplished in MIN6 cells to delineate the underlying mechanism of FHL2 function. RESULTS Transcriptomics of human pancreatic islets revealed that individuals with elevated levels of HbA1c displayed increased FHL2 expression, which correlated negatively with insulin secretion pathways. In line with this observation, FHL2-deficient mice cleared glucose more efficiently than wild-type littermates through increased plasma insulin levels. Insulin sensitivity was comparable between these genotypes. Interestingly, pancreatic islets isolated from FHL2-deficient mice secreted more insulin in GSIS assays than wild-type mouse islets even though insulin content and islet size was similar. To support this observation, we demonstrated increased expression of the transcription factor crucial in insulin secretion, MAF BZIP transcription factor A (MafA), higher expression of GLUT2 and reduced expression of the adverse factor c-Jun in FHL2-deficient islets. The underlying mechanism of FHL2 was further delineated in MIN6 cells. FHL2-knockdown led to enhanced activation of forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and its downstream genes such as Mafa and Pdx1 (encoding pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1), as well as increased glucose uptake. On the other hand, FHL2 overexpression in MIN6 cells blocked GSIS, increased the formation of reactive oxygen species and increased c-Jun activity. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data demonstrate that FHL2 deficiency improves insulin secretion from beta cells and improves glucose tolerance in mice. Given that FHL2 expression in humans increases with age and that high expression levels of FHL2 are associated with beta cell dysfunction, we propose that enhanced FHL2 expression in elderly individuals contributes to glucose intolerance and the development of type 2 diabetes. DATA AVAILABILITY The human islet microarray datasets used are publicly available and can be found on https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/ .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayron J Habibe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria P Clemente-Olivo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Torsten P M Scheithauer
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariska Vos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arnout Mieremet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel H van Raalte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Etto C Eringa
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carlie J M de Vries
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Atla G, Bonàs-Guarch S, Cuenca-Ardura M, Beucher A, Crouch DJM, Garcia-Hurtado J, Moran I, Irimia M, Prasad RB, Gloyn AL, Marselli L, Suleiman M, Berney T, de Koning EJP, Kerr-Conte J, Pattou F, Todd JA, Piemonti L, Ferrer J. Genetic regulation of RNA splicing in human pancreatic islets. Genome Biol 2022; 23:196. [PMID: 36109769 PMCID: PMC9479353 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02757-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-coding genetic variants that influence gene transcription in pancreatic islets play a major role in the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and likely also contribute to type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk. For many loci, however, the mechanisms through which non-coding variants influence diabetes susceptibility are unknown. RESULTS We examine splicing QTLs (sQTLs) in pancreatic islets from 399 human donors and observe that common genetic variation has a widespread influence on the splicing of genes with established roles in islet biology and diabetes. In parallel, we profile expression QTLs (eQTLs) and use transcriptome-wide association as well as genetic co-localization studies to assign islet sQTLs or eQTLs to T2D and T1D susceptibility signals, many of which lack candidate effector genes. This analysis reveals biologically plausible mechanisms, including the association of T2D with an sQTL that creates a nonsense isoform in ERO1B, a regulator of ER-stress and proinsulin biosynthesis. The expanded list of T2D risk effector genes reveals overrepresented pathways, including regulators of G-protein-mediated cAMP production. The analysis of sQTLs also reveals candidate effector genes for T1D susceptibility such as DCLRE1B, a senescence regulator, and lncRNA MEG3. CONCLUSIONS These data expose widespread effects of common genetic variants on RNA splicing in pancreatic islets. The results support a role for splicing variation in diabetes susceptibility, and offer a new set of genetic targets with potential therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goutham Atla
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Silvia Bonàs-Guarch
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Mirabai Cuenca-Ardura
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anthony Beucher
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel J M Crouch
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Javier Garcia-Hurtado
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Moran
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Present Address: Life Sciences Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Irimia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rashmi B Prasad
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Thierry Berney
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eelco J P de Koning
- Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute/KNAW, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- University of Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille (CHU Lille), Institute Pasteur Lille, U1190 -European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), F59000, Lille, France
| | - Francois Pattou
- University of Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille (CHU Lille), Institute Pasteur Lille, U1190 -European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), F59000, Lille, France
| | - John A Todd
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tritschler S, Thomas M, Böttcher A, Ludwig B, Schmid J, Schubert U, Kemter E, Wolf E, Lickert H, Theis FJ. A transcriptional cross species map of pancreatic islet cells. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101595. [PMID: 36113773 PMCID: PMC9526148 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic islets of Langerhans secrete hormones to regulate systemic glucose levels. Emerging evidence suggests that islet cells are functionally heterogeneous to allow a fine-tuned and efficient endocrine response to physiological changes. A precise description of the molecular basis of this heterogeneity, in particular linking animal models to human islets, is an important step towards identifying the factors critical for endocrine cell function in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. METHODS In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to profile more than 50'000 endocrine cells isolated from healthy human, pig and mouse pancreatic islets and characterize transcriptional heterogeneity and evolutionary conservation of those cells across the three species. We systematically delineated endocrine cell types and α- and β-cell heterogeneity through prior knowledge- and data-driven gene sets shared across species, which altogether capture common and differential cellular properties, transcriptional dynamics and putative driving factors of state transitions. RESULTS We showed that global endocrine expression profiles correlate, and that critical identity and functional markers are shared between species, while only approximately 20% of cell type enriched expression is conserved. We resolved distinct human α- and β-cell states that form continuous transcriptional landscapes. These states differentially activate maturation and hormone secretion programs, which are related to regulatory hormone receptor expression, signaling pathways and different types of cellular stress responses. Finally, we mapped mouse and pig cells to the human reference and observed that the spectrum of human α- and β-cell heterogeneity and aspects of such functional gene expression are better recapitulated in the pig than mouse data. CONCLUSIONS Here, we provide a high-resolution transcriptional map of healthy human islet cells and their murine and porcine counterparts, which is easily queryable via an online interface. This comprehensive resource informs future efforts that focus on pancreatic endocrine function, failure and regeneration, and enables to assess molecular conservation in islet biology across species for translational purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tritschler
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Moritz Thomas
- Technical University of Munich, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, 85354 Freising, Germany; Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anika Böttcher
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Ludwig
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Janine Schmid
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Undine Schubert
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kemter
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Department of Mathematics, 85748 Garching b. Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Moazenchi M, Sadr Hashemi Nejad A, Izadi M, Khalaj M, Samsonchi Z, Tavakol Rad P, Amini P, Tahamtani Y, Hajizadeh-Saffar E. Comparative Study of The Effects of Confounding Factors on Improving Rat Pancreatic Islet Isolation Yield and Quality. Cell J 2022; 24:491-499. [PMID: 36274201 PMCID: PMC9588161 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.8123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Isolated pancreatic islets are valuable resources for a wide range of research, including cell replacement studies and cell-based platforms for diabetes drug discovery and disease modeling. Islet isolation is a complex and stepwise procedure aiming to obtain pure, viable, and functional islets for in vitro and in vivo studies. It should be noted that differences in rodent strains, gender, weight, and density gradients may affect the isolated islet's properties. We evaluated the variables affecting the rat islet isolation procedure to reach the maximum islet yield and functionality, which would be critical for further studies on islet regenerative biology. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present experimental study compared the yield and purity of isolated islets from nondiabetic rats of two different strains. Next, islet particle number (IPN) and islet equivalent (IEQ) were compared between males and females, and the weight range that yields the highest number of islets was investigated. Moreover, the influence of three different density gradients, namely Histopaque, Pancoll, and Lymphodex, on final isolated islets purity and yield were assessed. Finally, the viability and functionality of isolated islets were measured. RESULTS The IEQ, IPN, and purity of isolated islets in 15 Lister hooded rats (LHRs) were significantly (P≤0.05) higher than those of the other strains. Male LHRs resulted in significantly higher IEQ compared to females (P≤0.05). Moreover, IPN and IEQ did not significantly vary among different weight groups. Also, the utilization of Histopaque and Pancoll leads to higher yield and purity. In vivo assessments of the isolated islets presented significantly reduced blood glucose percentage in the transplanted group on days 2-5 following transplantation. CONCLUSION Based on these results, an optimal protocol for isolating high-quality rat islets with a constant yield, purity, and function has been established as an essential platform for developing diabetes research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Moazenchi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and
Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran,Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute
for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anavasadat Sadr Hashemi Nejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and
Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran,Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute
for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Izadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and
Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran,Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute
for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Khalaj
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and
Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zakieh Samsonchi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and
Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Tavakol Rad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and
Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Amini
- Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Tahamtani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and
Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran,Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Hajizadeh-Saffar
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute
for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran,Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR,
Tehran, Iran,P.O.Box: 16635-148Department of Regenerative MedicineCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell
Biology and TechnologyACECRTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wong WP, Wang JC, Meyers MS, Wang NJ, Sponenburg RA, Allen NB, Edwards JE, El Muayed M. A novel chronic in vivo oral cadmium exposure-washout mouse model for studying cadmium toxicity and complex diabetogenic effects. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 447:116057. [PMID: 35550884 PMCID: PMC9854171 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and hyperglycemia. In addition to well known risk factors such as lifestyle and genetic risk score, accumulation of environmental toxicants in organs relevant to glucose metabolism is increasingly recognized as additional risk factors for T2DM. Here, we describe the development of an in vivo oral cadmium (Cd) exposure model. It was shown that oral Cd exposure in drinking water followed by washout and high fat diet (HFD) in C57BL/6N mice results in islet Cd bioaccumulation comparable to that found in native human islets while mitigating the anorexic effects of Cd to achieve the same weight gain required to induce insulin resistance as in Cd naïve control mice. Inter individual variation in plasma glucose and insulin levels as well as islet Cd bioaccumulation was observed in both female and male mice. Regression analysis showed an inverse correlation between islet Cd level and plasma insulin following a glucose challenge in males but not in females. This finding highlights the need to account for inter individual target tissue Cd concentrations when interpreting results from in vivo Cd exposure models. No effect of Cd on insulin secretion was observed in islets ex vivo, highlighting differences between in vivo and ex vivo cadmium exposure models. In summary, our oral in vivo Cd exposure-washout with HFD model resulted in islet Cd bioaccumulation that is relevant in the context of environmental cadmium exposure in humans. Here, we showed that islet Cd bioaccumulation is associated with complex cadmium-mediated changes in glucose clearance and β-cell function. The model described here will serve as a useful tool to further examine the relationship between Cd exposure, islet Cd bioaccumulation, dysglycemia and their underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winifred P.S. Wong
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular
Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611,
USA
| | - Janice C. Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular
Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611,
USA
| | - Matthew S. Meyers
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular
Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611,
USA
| | - Nathan J. Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular
Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611,
USA
| | - Rebecca A. Sponenburg
- Quantitative Bio-element Imaging Centre, Chemistry of Life
Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Norrina B. Allen
- Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Center for
Epidemiology and Population Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern
University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Joshua E. Edwards
- College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers
Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Malek El Muayed
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular
Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611,
USA.,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yu X, Arden C, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Chen C, Bradshaw C, Smith AL, Whitehall J, White M, Anderson S, Kattner N, Shaw J, Turnbull D, Greaves LC, Walker M. Mitochondrial complex I subunit deficiency promotes pancreatic α-cell proliferation. Mol Metab 2022; 60:101489. [PMID: 35390502 PMCID: PMC9046450 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is strong evidence that mitochondrial DNA mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction play a role in diabetes pathogenesis. The homozygous knock-in mtDNA mutator mouse is a model of premature aging due to the accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations. We used this mouse model to investigate the relationship between mitochondrial subunit expression and pancreatic islet cell composition. METHODS Quadruple immunofluorescence was used to quantify mitochondrial subunit expression (complex I and IV) and cell composition in pancreatic islets from mitochondrial DNA mutator mice (PolgAmut/mut) and control C57BL/6 mice at 12 and 44 weeks of age. RESULTS Mitochondrial complex I subunit expression was decreased in islets from 12 week PolgAmut/mut mice. This complex I deficiency persisted with age and was associated with decreased insulin staining intensity at 44 weeks. Complex I deficiency was greater in α-cells compared with β-cells in islets from 44 week PolgAmut/mut mice. Islet cell composition was normal in 12 week PolgAmut/mut mice, but the β: α cell ratio was decreased in islets from 44 week PolgAmut/mut mice. This was due to an increase in α-cell number linked to an increase in α-cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Complex I deficiency promotes α-cell proliferation and alters islet cell composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Yu
- Diabetes Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Catherine Arden
- Diabetes Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Chun Chen
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carla Bradshaw
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anna Lm Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julia Whitehall
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michael White
- Diabetes Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Scott Anderson
- Diabetes Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicole Kattner
- Diabetes Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - James Shaw
- Diabetes Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Doug Turnbull
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Laura C Greaves
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Mark Walker
- Diabetes Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Oberhauser L, Jiménez-Sánchez C, Madsen JGS, Duhamel D, Mandrup S, Brun T, Maechler P. Glucolipotoxicity promotes the capacity of the glycerolipid/NEFA cycle supporting the secretory response of pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2022; 65:705-720. [PMID: 35018486 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Chronic exposure of pancreatic beta cells to high glucose and fatty acids has been proposed to induce glucolipotoxicity. However, contradictory results suggest adaptations of the beta cells, which might be instrumental for partial preservation of the secretory response. In this context, we delineated the expression pattern of genes related to lipid pathways along with fat storage/mobilisation during glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. METHODS Insulin-secreting cells were cultured for 3 days at different glucose concentrations (5.5, 11.1, 25 mmol/l) without or with BSA-complexed 0.4 mmol/l palmitate and oleate. Then, transcriptomic analyses of lipid pathways were performed in human islets by RNA-Seq and in INS-1E cells and rat islets by quantitative RT-PCR. Storage of fat was assessed in INS-1E cells by electron microscopy and Bodipy staining, which was also used for measuring lipid mobilisation rate. The secretory response was monitored during acute 15 mmol/l glucose stimulation using online luminescence assay for INS-1E cells and by radioimmunoassay for rat islets. RESULTS In human islets, chronic exposure to palmitate and oleate modified expression of a panel of genes involved in lipid handling. Culture at 25 mmol/l glucose upregulated genes encoding for enzymes of the glycerolipid/NEFA cycle and downregulated receptors implicated in fatty acid signalling. Similar results were obtained in INS-1E cells, indicating enhanced capacity of the glycerolipid/NEFA cycle under glucotoxic conditions. Exposure to unsaturated C18:1 fatty acid favoured intracellular lipid accumulation in a glucose-dependent way, an effect also observed with saturated C16:0 fatty acid when combined with the panlipase inhibitor Orlistat. After the glucolipotoxic culture, intracellular fat mobilisation was required for acute glucose-stimulated secretion, particularly in oleate-treated cells under glucotoxic culture conditions. The lipid mobilisation rate was governed chiefly by the levels of stored fat as a direct consequence of the culture conditions rather than energetic demands, except in palmitate-loaded cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Glucolipotoxic conditions promote the capacity of the glycerolipid/NEFA cycle thereby preserving part of the secretory response. The cycle of fat storage/mobilisation emerges as a mechanism helping the beta cell to cope with glucotoxic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Oberhauser
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cecilia Jiménez-Sánchez
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jesper Grud Skat Madsen
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dominique Duhamel
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Mandrup
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thierry Brun
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Our lack of basic knowledge about the basic mechanisms of transitional hypoglycemia and other forms of hypoglycemia in newborns underlies the ongoing controversies over standards for managing these conditions. To address this deficiency, the authors evaluated regulation of insulin secretion in fetal, newborn, and adult rats. The results demonstrate that transitional hypoglycemia in normal neonates and persistent hypoglycemia in high-risk infants both reflect altered beta-cell insulin regulation. These findings provide a new foundation for improving detection and management and preventing hypoglycemic brain injury in normal neonates and, especially, in infants with persistent hypoglycemia and genetic forms of congenital hyperinsulinism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana L Stanescu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 34th Street & Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Charles A Stanley
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 34th Street & Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Serra CA, dos Reis AF, Calsa B, Bueno CS, Helaehil JV, de Souza SAR, de Oliveira CA, Vanzella EC, do Amaral MEC. Quercetin prevents insulin dysfunction in hypertensive animals. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:407-417. [PMID: 35673430 PMCID: PMC9167338 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-00987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II induced increase in hypertension enhances oxidative stress and compromises insulin action and pancreatic function. Quercetin-rich foods are beneficial for hypertensive and diabetic animals owing to their antioxidant function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of quercetin in hypertensive rats on insulin action, signaling, and secretion. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham, hypertensive rats (H), and hypertensive rats supplemented with quercetin (HQ). After three months of initial hypertension, quercetin was administered at 50 mg/kg/day for 30 days. Our results indicate that hypertension and serum lipid peroxidation levels were reduced by quercetin supplementation. We observed increased insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, corroborating the insulin tolerance test, HOMA index, and improvements in lipid profile. Despite normal insulin secretion at 2.8 and 20 mM of glucose, animals treated with quercetin exhibited increased number of islets per section; increased protein expression of muscarinic receptor type 3, VEGF, and catalase in islets; and hepatic mRNA levels of Ide were normalized. In conclusion, supplementation with quercetin improved insulin action and prevented pancreatic and metabolic dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Alves Serra
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | - Alexandre Freire dos Reis
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | - Bruno Calsa
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | - Cintia Sena Bueno
- Biomedical College, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Araras, SP Brazil
| | - Júlia Venturini Helaehil
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | | | - Camila Andrea de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | - Emerielle Cristine Vanzella
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Maria Esméria Corezola do Amaral
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abdel-Bakky MS, Alqasoumi A, Altowayan WM, Amin E, Darwish MA. Simvastatin mitigates streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in mice through downregulation of ADAM10 and ADAM17. Life Sci 2022; 289:120224. [PMID: 34896343 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cell mediates immune response in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) through its trafficking into pancreatic islets. The role of A Disintigrin And Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) and 17 (ADAM17) in pancreatic T-cells recruitment into the pancreatic islets during T1DM is not known. AIM Explore the role of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in the processing of CXCL16 in T1DM and possible protective effect of simvastatin (SIM) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1DM. MAIN METHODS Balb/c mice were classified into 4 groups, 10 each. Control group received buffer while SIM group received 50 mg/kg, i.p daily for 12 days starting from day 4 of the experiment. Diabetic group; received STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.) for 5 consecutive days starting from day 1 of the experiment. SIM + STZ group; received SIM (50 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for 12 days and STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.) for 5 consecutive days. Biochemical, inflammatory and apoptotic markers as well as expression of CXCL16, ADAM10, NF-κB and pancreatic T-cells expression were analyzed. KEY FINDINGS Significant increase in biochemical, inflammatory, apoptotic parameters, expression of ADAM10, ADAM17, CXCL16, NF-κB, and infiltrated T-cells to the pancreatic islets were found in STZ group. SIM treatment in the presence of STZ improved biochemical and inflammatory parameters as well as it reduced the expression of CXCL16, ADAM10, ADAM17, NF-κΒ, T-cells migration and apoptosis in the pancreatic islets. SIGNIFICANCE SIM mitigated pancreatic β-cell death induced by STZ through down regulation of ADAM10, ADAM17and CXCL16. Therefore, ADAM10/ADAM17 and CXCL16 may serve as novel therapeutic targets for T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sadek Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Abdulmajeed Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Elham Amin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Assem Darwish
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bogdani M, Simeonovic C, Nagy N, Johnson PY, Chan CK, Wight TN. Detection of Glycosaminoglycans in Pancreatic Islets and Lymphoid Tissues. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2303:695-717. [PMID: 34626417 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1398-6_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we describe the detection of the glycosaminoglycans hyaluronan and heparan sulfate in pancreatic islets and lymphoid tissues. The identification of hyaluronan in tissues is achieved by utilizing a highly specific hyaluronan binding protein (HABP) probe that interacts with hyaluronan in tissue sections. The HABP probe is prepared by enzymatic digestion of the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan aggrecan which is present in bovine nasal cartilage and is then biotinylated in the presence of bound hyaluronan and the link protein. Hyaluronan is then removed by gel filtration chromatography. The biotinylated HABP-link protein complex is applied to tissue sections, and binding of the complex to tissue hyaluronan is visualized by enzymatic precipitation of chromogenic substrates.To determine hyaluronan content in tissues, tissues are first proteolytically digested to release hyaluronan from the macromolecular complexes that this molecule forms with other extracellular matrix constituents. Digested tissue is then incubated with HABP . The hyaluronan-HABP complexes are extracted, and the hyaluronan concentration in the tissue is determined using an ELISA-like assay.Historically, heparan sulfate was identified in tissue sections using the cationic dye Alcian blue and histochemistry based on the critical electrolyte concentration principle of differential staining of glycosaminoglycans using salt solutions. For both human and mouse pancreas sections, the current optimal method for detecting heparan sulfate is by indirect immunohistochemistry using a specific anti-heparan sulfate monoclonal antibody. A peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody is then applied, and its binding to the anti-heparan sulfate antibody is visualized by oxidation and precipitation of a chromogenic substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Bogdani
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charmaine Simeonovic
- Diabetes/Transplantation Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nadine Nagy
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pamela Y Johnson
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christina K Chan
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Caliskan ÖS, Massacci G, Krahmer N, Sacco F. Phosphoproteomics and Organelle Proteomics in Pancreatic Islets. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2456:123-140. [PMID: 35612739 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2124-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the recent years, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has undergone dramatic advances in sample preparation, instrumentation, and computational methods. Here, we describe in detail, how a workflow quantifies global protein phosphorylation in pancreatic islets and characterizes intracellular organelle composition on protein level by MS-based proteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Özüm Sehnaz Caliskan
- Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Giorgia Massacci
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Francesca Sacco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Pancreatic islets are the body's central rheostat that regulates glucose homeostasis through the production of different hormones, including β cell-derived insulin. During obesity-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D), islet β cells become dysfunctional and inadequate insulin secretion no longer ensures glycemic control. T2D is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammation that manifests in several metabolic organs including the pancreatic islets. Growing evidence suggests that components of the innate immune system, and especially macrophages, play a crucial role in regulating islet homeostasis. Yet, the phenotypes and functions of islet macrophages in physiology and during T2D have only started to attract attention and remain unclear. In this review, the current knowledge about islet inflammation and macrophages will be summarized in humans and rodent models. Recent findings on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in islet remodeling and β cell function during obesity and T2D will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyceline Cuenco
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Elise Dalmas
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Intra-islet communication via electrical, paracrine and autocrine signals, is highly dependent on the organization of cells within the islets and is key for an adequate response to changes in blood glucose and other stimuli. In spite of the fact that relevant structural differences between mouse and human islet architectures have been described, the functional implications of these differences remain only partially understood. In this work, aiming to contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between structural and functional properties of pancreatic islets, we reconstructed human and mice islets in order to perform a structural comparison based on both morphologic and network-derived metrics. According to our results, human islets constitute a more efficient network from a connectivity viewpoint, mainly due to the higher proportion of heterotypic contacts between islet cells in comparison to mice islets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo J. Félix-Martínez
- Cátedras CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, México City, México
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México City, México
- CONTACT Gerardo J. Félix-Martínez Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina 09340, México City, México
| | - J. R. Godínez-Fernández
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México City, México
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wong WPS, Wang JC, Schipma MJ, Zhang X, Edwards JR, El Muayed M. Cadmium-mediated pancreatic islet transcriptome changes in mice and cultured mouse islets. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 433:115756. [PMID: 34666113 PMCID: PMC9873403 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease process that is characterized by insulin resistance and impairment of insulin-producing pancreatic islets. There is evidence that environmental exposure to cadmium contributes to the development of T2DM. The presence of cadmium in human islets from the general population and the uptake of cadmium in β-cells have been reported. To identify cadmium-mediated changes in gene expression and molecular regulatory networks in pancreatic islets, we performed next-generation RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) in islets following either in vivo (1 mM CdCl2 in drinking water) or ex-vivo (0.5 μM CdCl2) exposure. Both exposure regiments resulted in islet cadmium concentrations that are comparable to those found in human islets from the general population. 6-week in vivo cadmium exposure upregulates the expression of five genes: Synj2, Gjb1, Rbpjl, Try5 and 5430419D17Rik. Rbpjl is a known regulator of ctrb, a gene associated with diabetes susceptibility. With 18-week in vivo cadmium exposure, we found more comprehensive changes in gene expression profile. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that these secondary changes were clustered to molecular mechanisms related to intracellular protein trafficking to the plasma membrane. In islet culture, cadmium ex vivo significantly induces the expression of Mt1, Sphk1, Nrcam, L3mbtl2, Rnf216 and Itpr1. Mt1 and Itpr1 are known to be involved in glucose homeostasis. Collectively, findings reported here revealed a complex cadmium-mediated effect on pancreatic islet gene expression at environmentally relevant cadmium exposure conditions, providing the basis for further studies into the pathophysiological processes arising from cadmium accumulation in pancreatic islets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winifred P S Wong
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Janice C Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Matthew J Schipma
- NU Seq Core, Center for Genetic Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Joshua R Edwards
- College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Malek El Muayed
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lebreton F, Hanna R, Wassmer CH, Bellofatto K, Perez L, Othenin-Girard V, de Tejada BM, Cohen M, Berishvili E. Mechanisms of Immunomodulation and Cytoprotection Conferred to Pancreatic Islet by Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021. [PMID: 34613550 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine activity can reverse inflammation mediated dysfunction of islet grafts. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) possess regenerative, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that hAECs could protect islets from cellular damage induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines. To verify our hypothesis, hAEC monocultures, rat islets (RI), or RI-hAEC co-cultures where exposed to a pro-inflammatory cytokine cocktail (Interferon γ: IFN-γ, Tumor necrosis factor α: TNF-α and Interleukin-1β: IL-1β). The secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines and gene expression changes in hAECs and viability and function of RI were evaluated. The expression of non-classical Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules by hAECs cultured with various IFN-γ concentrations were assessed. Exposure to the pro-inflammatory cocktail significantly increased the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL6, IL10 and G-CSF by hAECs, which was confirmed by upregulation of IL6, and IL10 gene expression. HLA-G, HLA-E and PDL-1 gene expression was also increased. This correlated with an upregulation of STAT1, STAT3 and NF-κB1gene expression levels. RI co-cultured with hAECs maintained normal function after cytokine exposure compared to RI cultured alone, and showed significantly lower apoptosis rate. Our results show that exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulates secretion of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory factors by hAECs through the JAK1/2 – STAT1/3 and the NF-κB1 pathways, which in turn protects islets against inflammation-induced damages. Integrating hAECs in islet transplants appears as a valuable strategy to achieve to inhibit inflammation mediated islet damage, prolong islet survival, improve their engraftment and achieve local immune protection allowing reducing systemic immunosuppressive regimens.
Collapse
|
42
|
Grosjean A, Venteclef N, Dalmas E. Understanding the heterogeneity and functions of metabolic tissue macrophages. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 119:130-9. [PMID: 34561168 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence places tissue-resident macrophages as essential gatekeepers of metabolic organ homeostasis, including the adipose tissue and the pancreatic islets. Therein, macrophages may adopt specific phenotypes and ensure local functions. Recent advances in single cell genomic analyses provide a comprehensive map of adipose tissue macrophage subsets and their potential roles are now better apprehended. Whether they are beneficial or detrimental, macrophages overall contribute to the proper adipose tissue expansion under steady state and during obesity. By contrast, macrophages residing inside pancreatic islets, which may exert fundamental functions to fine tune insulin secretion, have only started to attract attention and their cellular heterogeneity remains to be established. The present review will focus on the latest findings exploring the phenotype and the properties of macrophages in adipose tissue and pancreatic islets, questioning early beliefs and future perspectives in the field of immunometabolism.
Collapse
|
43
|
Dong C, Simonett SP, Shin S, Stapleton DS, Schueler KL, Churchill GA, Lu L, Liu X, Jin F, Li Y, Attie AD, Keller MP, Keleş S. INFIMA leverages multi-omics model organism data to identify effector genes of human GWAS variants. Genome Biol 2021; 22:241. [PMID: 34425882 PMCID: PMC8381555 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies reveal many non-coding variants associated with complex traits. However, model organism studies largely remain as an untapped resource for unveiling the effector genes of non-coding variants. We develop INFIMA, Integrative Fine-Mapping, to pinpoint causal SNPs for diversity outbred (DO) mice eQTL by integrating founder mice multi-omics data including ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, footprinting, and in silico mutation analysis. We demonstrate INFIMA's superior performance compared to alternatives with human and mouse chromatin conformation capture datasets. We apply INFIMA to identify novel effector genes for GWAS variants associated with diabetes. The results of the application are available at http://www.statlab.wisc.edu/shiny/INFIMA/ .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Dong
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Shane P. Simonett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Sunyoung Shin
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX USA
| | - Donnie S. Stapleton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Kathryn L. Schueler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | | | - Leina Lu
- Case Western University, Cleveland, OH USA
| | | | - Fulai Jin
- Case Western University, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Yan Li
- Case Western University, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Alan D. Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Mark P. Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Sündüz Keleş
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Laminins are extracellular matrix proteins that reside in the basement membrane and provide structural support in addition to promoting cellular adhesion and migration. Through interactions with cell surface receptors, laminins stimulate intracellular signaling cascades which direct specific survival and differentiation outcomes. In metabolic tissues such as the pancreas, adipose, muscle, and liver, laminin isoforms are expressed in discrete temporal and spatial patterns suggesting that certain isoforms may support the development and function of particular metabolic cell types. This review focuses on the research to date detailing the expression of laminin isoforms, their potential function, as well as known pathways involved in laminin signaling in metabolic tissues. We will also discuss the current biomedical therapies involving laminins in these tissues in addition to prospective applications, with the goal being to encourage future investigation of laminins in the context of metabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Goddi
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, 900 East 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Liesl Schroedl
- Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 924 E 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Eric M Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Ronald N Cohen
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, 900 East 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Welters A, Lammert E. Novel Approaches to Restore Pancreatic Beta-Cell Mass and Function. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021. [PMID: 34114119 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Beta-cell dysfunction and beta-cell death are critical events in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, the goals of modern T2DM management have shifted from merely restoring normoglycemia to maintaining or regenerating beta-cell mass and function. In this review we summarize current and novel approaches to achieve these goals, ranging from lifestyle interventions to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonism, and discuss the mechanisms underlying their effects on beta-cell physiology and glycemic control. Notably, timely intervention seems critical, but not always strictly required, to maximize the effect of any approach on beta-cell recovery and disease progression. Conventional antidiabetic medications are not disease-modifying in the sense that the disease does not progress or reoccur while on treatment or thereafter. More invasive approaches, such as bariatric surgery, are highly effective in restoring normoglycemia, but are reserved for a rather small proportion of obese individuals and sometimes associated with serious adverse events. Finally, we recapitulate the broad range of effects mediated by peripheral NMDARs and discuss recent evidence on the potential of NMDAR antagonists to be developed as a novel class of antidiabetic drugs. In the future, a more refined assessment of disease risk or disease subtype might enable more targeted therapies to prevent or treat diabetes.
Collapse
|
46
|
Singh B, Khattab F, Chae H, Desmet L, Herrera PL, Gilon P. K ATP channel blockers control glucagon secretion by distinct mechanisms: A direct stimulation of α-cells involving a [Ca 2+] c rise and an indirect inhibition mediated by somatostatin. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101268. [PMID: 34118477 PMCID: PMC8274344 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Glucagon is secreted by pancreatic α-cells in response to hypoglycemia and its hyperglycemic effect helps to restore normal blood glucose. Insulin and somatostatin (SST) secretions from β- and δ-cells, respectively, are stimulated by glucose by mechanisms involving an inhibition of their ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels, leading to an increase in [Ca2+]c that triggers exocytosis. Drugs that close KATP channels, such as sulfonylureas, are used to stimulate insulin release in type 2 diabetic patients. α-cells also express KATP channels. However, the mechanisms by which sulfonylureas control glucagon secretion are still largely debated and were addressed in the present study. In particular, we studied the effects of KATP channel blockers on α-cell [Ca2+]c and glucagon secretion in the presence of a low (1 mM) or a high (15 mM) glucose concentration and evaluated the role of SST in these effects. Methods Using a transgenic mouse model expressing the Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent protein, GCaMP6f, specifically in α-cells, we measured [Ca2+]c in α-cells either dispersed or within whole islets (by confocal microscopy). By measuring [Ca2+]c in α-cells within islets and glucagon secretion using the same perifusion protocols, we tested whether glucagon secretion correlated with changes in [Ca2+]c in response to sulfonylureas. We studied the role of SST in the effects of sulfonylureas using multiple approaches including genetic ablation of SST, or application of SST-14 and SST receptor antagonists. Results Application of the sulfonylureas, tolbutamide, or gliclazide, to a medium containing 1 mM or 15 mM glucose increased [Ca2+]c in α-cells by a direct effect as in β-cells. At low glucose, sulfonylureas inhibited glucagon secretion of islets despite the rise in α-cell [Ca2+]c that they triggered. This glucagonostatic effect was indirect and attributed to SST because, in the islets of SST-knockout mice, sulfonylureas induced a stimulation of glucagon secretion which correlated with an increase in α-cell [Ca2+]c. Experiments with exogenous SST-14 and SST receptor antagonists indicated that the glucagonostatic effect of sulfonylureas mainly resulted from an inhibition of the efficacy of cytosolic Ca2+ on exocytosis. Although SST-14 was also able to inhibit glucagon secretion by decreasing α-cell [Ca2+]c, no decrease in [Ca2+]c occurred during sulfonylurea application because it was largely counterbalanced by the direct stimulatory effect of these drugs on α-cell [Ca2+]c. At high glucose, i.e., in conditions where glucagon release was already low, sulfonylureas stimulated glucagon secretion because their direct stimulatory effect on α-cells exceeded the indirect effect by SST. Our results also indicated that, unexpectedly, SST-14 poorly decreased the efficacy of Ca2+ on exocytosis in β-cells. Conclusions Sulfonylureas exert two opposite actions on α-cells: a direct stimulation as in β-cells and an indirect inhibition by SST. This suggests that any alteration of SST paracrine influence, as described in diabetes, will modify the effect of sulfonylureas on glucagon release. In addition, we suggest that δ-cells inhibit α-cells more efficiently than β-cells. KATP channel blockers control glucagon secretion by two mechanisms. The first one is the direct stimulation of α-cell by a [Ca2+]c rise, as in β-cells. The second one is an indirect inhibition mediated by δ-cells releasing somatostatin. Somatostatin mainly reduces the efficacy of Ca2+ on exocytosis in α-cells. Somatostatin more potently inhibits glucagon than insulin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Singh
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Firas Khattab
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heeyoung Chae
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lieven Desmet
- Université Catholique de Louvain, SMCS, Louvain Institute of Data Analysis and Modeling in economics and statistics, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Pedro L Herrera
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
The islets of Langerhans constitute the endocrine pancreas which regulates blood glucose homeostasis and their dysfunction results in diabetes. Each of the pancreatic islets constitutes an entire micro-organ with intricate cell to cell interactions and that is well vascularized and innervated. An important therapeutic advantage in islet transplant is that pancreatic islets maintain their organ integrity when isolated and transplanted to patients with severe diabetes. Once transplanted, the islet micro-organs actively contribute to their own vascularization and start to function immediately. Hence, in terms of organ transplantation, the application of pancreatic islets will be a decisive clinical tool for future diabetes care (credit: Tilo Moede).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Abdulreda
- Department of Surgery, Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - P O Berggren
- Department of Surgery, Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital L1, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
There are strong reasons to say that pancreatic islets are organs before they are isolated and that they should be considered to be organs once transplanted. Thus, taking into account how much we have learned about the structure and function of islet micro-organs, it seems highly illogical to on one hand consider autologous islets be regulated as organ transplants and alloislets to be regulated with the very restrictive rules used for cell transplantation. It is particularly problematic that this policy has led to restrictions that have made it next to impossible for transplants of alloislets to be carried out in the US, which is a very sad situation for the country that made so many of the advances that brought islet transplantation to the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G C Weir
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Bonner-Weir
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Turki T, Taguchi YH. Discriminating the single-cell gene regulatory networks of human pancreatic islets: A novel deep learning application. Comput Biol Med 2021; 132:104257. [PMID: 33740535 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of single-cell pancreatic data can play an important role in understanding various metabolic diseases and health conditions. Due to the sparsity and noise present in such single-cell gene expression data, inference of single-cell gene regulatory networks remains a challenge. Since recent studies have reported the reliable inference of single-cell gene regulatory networks (SCGRNs), the current study focused on discriminating the SCGRNs of T2D patients from those of healthy controls. By accurately distinguishing SCGRNs of healthy pancreas from those of T2D pancreas, it would be possible to annotate, organize, visualize, and identify common patterns of SCGRNs in metabolic diseases. Such annotated SCGRNs could play an important role in accelerating the process of building large data repositories. This study aimed to contribute to the development of a novel deep learning (DL) application. First, we generated a dataset consisting of 224 SCGRNs belonging to both T2D and healthy pancreas and made it freely available. Next, we chose seven DL architectures, including VGG16, VGG19, Xception, ResNet50, ResNet101, DenseNet121, and DenseNet169, trained each of them on the dataset, and checked their prediction based on a test set. Of note, we evaluated the DL architectures on a single NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080Ti GPU. Experimental results on the whole dataset, using several performance measures, demonstrated the superiority of VGG19 DL model in the automatic classification of SCGRNs, derived from the single-cell pancreatic data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Turki Turki
- Department of Computer Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Y-H Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Macedo NCD, Iessi IL, Gallego FQ, Netto AO, Sinzato YK, Volpato GT, Zambrano E, Damasceno DC. Swimming Program on Mildly Diabetic Rats in Pregnancy. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:2223-2235. [PMID: 33515208 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to confirm if the moderate-intensity swimming has successful glycemic control and non-toxic oxidative stress levels and to verify the influence on pancreatic adaptations, embryo implantation, and placental efficiency. Female Wistar rats were randomly distributed to obtain mildly diabetic by streptozotocin induction at birth and the non-diabetic females given vehicle. At adulthood, pregnant rats were put at random into sedentary non-diabetic rats (ND); exercise non-diabetic rats (NDEx); sedentary diabetic rats (D); and exercise diabetic rats (DEx). The rats of the groups submitted to moderate intensity carried loads equivalent to 4% of body weight. On day 17 of gestational day, all rats were submitted to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Next day (GD18), the rats were anesthetized and killed to count implantation sites and to collect placentas, blood, and muscle samples for biochemical biomarkers and pancreas for immunohistochemical analysis. The moderate exercise used was not sufficient to stimulate the aerobic pathway but presented positive results on glucose metabolism, lower embryo postimplantation loss, and pancreatic morphology compared with the sedentary diabetic group. However, the DEx group showed muscular damage, decreased antioxidant defense, and lipid peroxidation. Thus, the moderate-intensity exercise reduces glycemic levels during OGTT and causes no damage to non-diabetic rats related to other analyzed parameters in this study. The exercised diabetic rats present better glycemic metabolism in OGTT, islet pancreatic morphology, and embryofetal development. However, it is necessary an adjustment in this exercise intensity to improve the effectiveness of aerobic training for reduction of maternal muscular and lipid membrane damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathália C D Macedo
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, SÃO Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Isabela L Iessi
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, SÃO Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Franciane Q Gallego
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, SÃO Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Aline O Netto
- Southwest Paulista University Center (Unifsp), Itapetininga, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Yuri K Sinzato
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, SÃO Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Gustavo T Volpato
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
| | - Elena Zambrano
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Cuidad de México, México
| | - Débora C Damasceno
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, SÃO Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|