1
|
Maranesi M, Palmioli E, Dall'Aglio C, Marini D, Anipchenko P, De Felice E, Scocco P, Mercati F. Resistin in endocrine pancreas of sheep: Presence and expression related to different diets. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 348:114452. [PMID: 38246291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Resistin (RETN), a recently discovered adipokine, is a cysteine-rich and secretory protein produced by adipocytes. RETN has been detected in several tissues, including human and laboratory animals' pancreas, wherein impairs glucose tolerance and insulin (INS) action and causes INS resistance. This study aims to evaluate the presence and expression of RETN in the pancreas of 15 adult female sheep reared on Apennine pastures, which show a decrease in their nutritional value due to the drought stress linked to the increasing summer aridity. The sheep were divided into 3 groups according to the diet they were subjected to: maximum pasture flowering (MxF) group, maximum pasture dryness (MxD) group, and experimental (Exp) group which received a feed supplementation in addition to the MxD group feeding. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections of the pancreas to detect the RETN presence and to evaluate the co-localization of RETN with both glucagon (GCG)- and INS-producing cells. In addition, the expression of the three molecules was evaluated also in relation to different diets. RETN was observed only in the endocrine pancreas, showing a wide distribution throughout the pancreatic islets with few negative cells and the RETN producing cells colocalized with both α cells and ß cells. No differences in distribution and immunostaining intensity of RETN, GCG and INS were observed among the three groups. Quantitative PCR showed the expression of RETN, GCG and INS in all tested samples. No significant differences were observed for RETN and GCG among all three groups of sheep. Instead, a high statistically significant expression of INS was detected in the MxF group with respect to the Exp and MxD groups. These results highlight the localization of RETN in GCG- and INS-secreting cells involved in glucose homeostasis suggesting a modulatory role for RETN. Furthermore, the RETN expression is not influenced by food supplementation and thus is not affected by diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Maranesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| | - Elisa Palmioli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy; Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences, and Education, PhD Course in "Ethics of Communication, Scientific Research and Technological Innovation" Medical-Health Curriculum, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini, 1, 06123 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Dall'Aglio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| | - Daniele Marini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy; Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Polina Anipchenko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| | - Elena De Felice
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, IT, Italy.
| | - Paola Scocco
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, IT, Italy.
| | - Francesca Mercati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, IT, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Millar SR, Perry IJ, Phillips CM. Anthropometric measures, predicted visceral adipose tissue and biomarkers of chronic inflammation. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14104. [PMID: 37814451 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has linked low-grade systemic inflammation and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) with development of chronic conditions. Cytokines and select proteins released by VAT may promote a low-grade inflammatory response. A number of equations have been developed to estimate VAT levels. In this study, we compared predicted VAT equation relationships with biomarkers of inflammation. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 2038 men and women aged 46-73 years. Correlation and linear regression analyses were performed to examine inflammatory biomarker relationships with four commonly assessed anthropometric measures and 10 predicted VAT equations. RESULTS Compared with anthropometric measures, predicted VAT equations were found to explain a greater proportion of variance in CRP (R2 = .075, p = .001), IL-6 (R2 = .060, p = .001), TNF-α (R2 = .017, p = .005), resistin (R2 = .011, p = .012), monocyte (R2 = .027, p = .001), eosinophil (R2 = .012, p = .01) and basophil (R2 = .015, p = .002) levels in males, and a greater variance in concentrations of C3 (R2 = .175, p = .001), IL-6 (R2 = .090, p = .001), TNF-α (R2 = .036, p = .001), adiponectin (R2 = .121, p = .001), the adiponectin-to-leptin ratio (R2 = .444, p = .001), resistin (R2 = .025, p = .001), white blood cell count (R2 = .057, p = .001), neutrophils (R2 = .061, p = .001) and lymphocytes (R2 = .020, p = .001) in females. CONCLUSION Equations for assessing VAT levels might be useful to characterise metabolic health. Further studies that examine predicted VAT relationships with disease and mortality outcomes are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seán R Millar
- HRB Centre for Health and Diet Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ivan J Perry
- HRB Centre for Health and Diet Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine M Phillips
- HRB Centre for Health and Diet Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ruhl A, Antão AV, Dietschmann A, Radtke D, Tenbusch M, Voehringer D. STAT6-induced production of mucus and resistin-like molecules in lung Club cells does not protect against helminth or influenza A virus infection. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350558. [PMID: 37855177 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells contribute to a variety of lung diseases including allergic asthma, where IL-4 and IL-13 promote activation of the transcription factor STAT6. This leads to goblet cell hyperplasia and the secretion of effector molecules by epithelial cells. However, the specific effect of activated STAT6 in lung epithelial cells is only partially understood. Here, we created a mouse strain to selectively investigate the role of constitutively active STAT6 in Club cells, a subpopulation of airway epithelial cells. CCSP-Cre_STAT6vt mice and bronchiolar organoids derived from these show an enhanced expression of the chitinase-like protein Chil4 (Ym2) and resistin-like molecules (Relm-α, -β, -γ). In addition, goblet cells of these mice spontaneously secrete mucus into the bronchi. However, the activated epithelium resulted neither in impaired lung function nor conferred a protective effect against the migrating helminth Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Moreover, CCSP-Cre_STAT6vt mice showed similar allergic airway inflammation induced by live conidia of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus and similar recovery after influenza A virus infection compared to control mice. Together these results highlight that STAT6 signaling in Club cells induces the secretion of Relm proteins and mucus without impairing lung function, but this is not sufficient to confer protection against helminth or viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ruhl
- Infektionsbiologische Abteilung, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ana Vieira Antão
- Institut für klinische und molekulare Virologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Axel Dietschmann
- Infektionsbiologische Abteilung, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Radtke
- Infektionsbiologische Abteilung, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Tenbusch
- Institut für klinische und molekulare Virologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Voehringer
- Infektionsbiologische Abteilung, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sierawska O, Sawczuk M. Interaction between Selected Adipokines and Musculoskeletal and Cardiovascular Systems: A Review of Current Knowledge. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17287. [PMID: 38139115 PMCID: PMC10743430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are substances secreted by adipose tissue that are receiving increasing attention. The approach to adipose tissue has changed in recent years, and it is no longer looked at as just a storage organ but its secretion and how it influences systems in the human body are also looked at. The role of adipokine seems crucial in developing future therapies for pathologies of selected systems. In this study, we look at selected adipokines, leptin, adiponectin, chemerin, resistin, omentin-1, nesfatin, irisin-1, visfatin, apelin, vaspin, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), and TGF-β2, and how they affect systems in the human body related to physical activity such as the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sierawska
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
- Doctoral School, University of Szczecin, 70-384 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Sawczuk
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Supriya R, Shishvan SR, Kefayati M, Abednatanzi H, Razi O, Bagheri R, Escobar KA, Pashaei Z, Saeidi A, Shahrbanian S, Bagchi S, Sengupta P, Al Kiyumi MH, Heinrich KM, Zouhal H. Astaxanthin Supplementation Augments the Benefits of CrossFit Workouts on Semaphorin 3C and Other Adipokines in Males with Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:4803. [PMID: 38004197 PMCID: PMC10675419 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity and the use of nutritional supplements, including antioxidants, are recognized as efficacious approaches for the prevention and mitigation of obesity-related complications. This study investigated the effects of 12 weeks of CrossFit training combined with astaxanthin (ASX) supplementation on some plasma adipokines in males with obesity. Sixty-eight males with obesity (BMI: 33.6 ± 1.4 kg·m-2) were randomly assigned into four groups: the control group (CG; n = 11), ASX supplementation group (SG; n = 11), CrossFit group (TG; n = 11), and training plus supplement group (TSG; n = 11). Participants underwent 12 weeks of supplementation with ASX or placebo (20 mg/day capsule daily), CrossFit training, or a combination of both interventions. Plasma levels of semaphorin 3C (SEMA3C), apelin, chemerin, omentin1, visfatin, resistin, adiponectin, leptin, vaspin, and RBP4 were measured 72 h before the first training session and after the last training session. The plasma levels of all measured adipokines were significantly altered in SG, TG, and TSG groups (p < 0.05). The reduction of resistin was significantly higher in TSG than in SG (p < 0.05). The plasma levels of omentin1 were significantly higher in both training groups of TG and TSG than SG (p < 0.05), although such a meaningful difference was not observed between both training groups (p > 0.05). Significant differences were found in the reductions of plasma levels of vaspin, visfatin, apelin, RBP4, chemerin, and SEMA3C between the SG and TSG groups (p < 0.05). The study found that a 12-week intervention using ASX supplementation and CrossFit exercises resulted in significant improvements in several adipokines among male individuals with obesity. Notably, the combined approach of supplementation and training had the most pronounced results. The findings presented in this study indicate that the supplementation of ASX and participation in CrossFit exercise have the potential to be effective therapies in mitigating complications associated with obesity and enhancing metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Supriya
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, SPEH, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China;
| | - Sevda Rahbari Shishvan
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 15847-15414, Iran; (S.R.S.); (M.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Movahed Kefayati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 15847-15414, Iran; (S.R.S.); (M.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Hossein Abednatanzi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 15847-15414, Iran; (S.R.S.); (M.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Omid Razi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Razi University, Kermanshah 94Q5+6G3, Iran;
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran;
| | - Kurt A. Escobar
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA;
| | - Zhaleh Pashaei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran;
| | - Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Shahrbanian
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran;
| | - Sovan Bagchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Maisa Hamed Al Kiyumi
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat P.O. Box 35, Oman;
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat P.O. Box 35, Oman
| | - Katie M. Heinrich
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
- Research Department, The Phoenix, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé)—EA 1274, Université de Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), 35850 Irodouer, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu CW, Peng HY, Siao AC, Tsuei YW, Lin YY, Shiah SG, Shih LJ, Yeh CC, Lee SW, Kao YH. Resistin stimulates PC-3 prostate cancer cell growth through stimulation of SOCS3 and SOCS5 genes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1695-1707. [PMID: 37646261 PMCID: PMC10792425 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231191206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistin and suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCSs) have been reported to regulate prostate cancer (PCa) cell proliferation and survival, respectively. Whether any of the SOCS molecules mediate the mitogenic effect of resistin on PCa cells is unknown. Using PC-3 human PCa cells, we found that resistin upregulates the expression of SOCS3 and SOCS5 mRNA, but not SOCS7 mRNA, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The resistin-induced increases in SOCS3 and SOCS5 expression and cell proliferation were prevented by pretreatment with specific inhibitors of the TLR4, ERK, p38 MAPK, JNK, PI3K, and JAK2 proteins. However, pretreatment with a TLR2 inhibitor had no effect on resistin-mediated SOCS3 and SOCS5 expression. In addition, the effects of resistin on SOCS3, SOCS5, and SOCS7 mRNA levels were cell type-specific. Overexpression of either SOCS3 or SOCS5 enhanced further resistin-stimulated growth of PC-3 cells, whereas silencing SOCS3 or SOCS5 antagonized resistin-increased cell growth. Further PCa tissue analysis demonstrated higher levels of RETN, TLR4, SOCS3, and SOCS5 mRNAs in cancer tissues than benign prostate hyperplasia and indicated positive correlations among RETN, TLR4, and SOCS5. These data suggest that SOCS5, TLR4, and, to a lesser extent, SOCS3 can mediate the mitogenic effect of resistin on PC-3 PCa cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330
| | - Hsuan-Yu Peng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350
| | - An-Ci Siao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320
| | - Yi-Wei Tsuei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325
| | - Yen-Yue Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325
| | - Shine-Gwo Shiah
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350
| | - Li-Jane Shih
- Medical Laboratory, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325
| | - Chien-Chih Yeh
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325
| | - Shih-Wei Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300
| | - Yung-Hsi Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Miethe C, Raign K, Zamora M, Price RS. The differential role of resistin on invasive liver cancer cells. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2023; 44:285-293. [PMID: 36867542 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether inhibition of kinase signaling will suppress resistin-induced liver cancer progression. Resistin is located in monocytes and macrophages of adipose tissue. This adipocytokine is an important link between obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance, and cancer risk. Pathways that resistin is known to be involved include but are not limited to mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK). The ERK pathway promotes cellular proliferation, migration, survival of cancer cells, and tumor progression. The Akt pathway is known to be up-regulated in many cancers including liver cancer. METHODS Using an in vitro model, HepG2 and SNU-449 liver cancer cells were exposed to resistin ± ERK, Akt, or both inhibitors. The following physiological parameters were assessed: cellular proliferation, ROS, lipogenesis, invasion, MMP, and lactate dehydrogenase activity. RESULTS The inhibition of kinase signaling suppressed resistin-induced invasion and lactate dehydrogenase in both cell lines. In addition, in SNU-449 cells, resistin increased proliferation, ROS, and MMP-9 activity. Inhibition of PI3K and ERK decreased phosphorylated Akt and ERK, and pyruvate dehydrogenase. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we describe the effect of Akt and ERK inhibitors to determine if inhibition suppresses resistin-induced liver cancer progression. Resistin promotes cellular proliferation, ROS, MMP, invasion and LDH activity in SNU-449 liver cancer cells which is differentially mediated by Akt and ERK signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candace Miethe
- Nutrition and Foods, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Kelsie Raign
- Nutrition and Foods, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Megan Zamora
- Nutrition and Foods, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Keshavjee SH, Schwenger KJP, Yadav J, Pickel L, Ghorbani Y, Sung HK, Jung H, Lou W, Fischer SE, Jackson TD, Okrainec A, Allard JP. Adipose Tissue and Plasma Markers Associated with HbA1c Pre- and Post-bariatric Surgery: a Cross-sectional and Cohort Study. Obes Surg 2023; 33:2443-2451. [PMID: 37380880 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity can be associated with chronic inflammation and dysregulated expression of inflammatory adipokines that contribute to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This may also affect the clinical response to bariatric surgery. Our objective was whether baseline visceral adipose tissue features and plasma adipokine are associated with HbA1c ≥0.06 at the time of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery and with persistently elevated HbA1c at 12 months post-RYGB. METHODS During the surgery, adipose biopsies and plasma were collected for adipokine/cytokine profile. Clinical and biochemical measurements were also collected at the time of RYGB and, in those with baseline elevated HbA1c, at 12 months post-RYGB. RESULTS In the cross-sectional study, 109 patients (82.6% female; age 49 years; BMI 46.98 kg/m2) participated. Of those with elevated HbA1c at baseline (n = 61), 47 patients had repeated measurements at 12 months post-RYGB (23% drop-out). Using a multivariate logistic regression model, older age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.22) and higher plasma resistin (aOR, 5.30; 95% CI, 1.25-22.44) were associated with higher odds of HbA1c ≥ 0.06, whereas higher plasma adiponectin (aOR, 0.993; 95% CI, 0.99-0.996) was associated with lower odds of HbA1c ≥0.06. In addition, baseline higher average adipose cell area (aOR, 1.0017; 95% CI, 1.0002-1.0032) and plasma resistin (aOR, 1.0004; 95% CI, 1.0000-1.0009) were associated with higher odds of having persistently elevated HbA1c at 12 months post-RYGB. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that baseline plasma adipokine dysregulation, specifically high resistin, and adipocyte hypertrophy may affect the clinical response to RYGB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara H Keshavjee
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 190 Elizabeth Street, 1st Floor, Suite 408, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Katherine J P Schwenger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, Third Floor, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Jitender Yadav
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, Room 7207, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lauren Pickel
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Yasaman Ghorbani
- Division of Gastroenterology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, Third Floor, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Hoon-Ki Sung
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Dalla Lana Public Health Department, University of Toronto, 155 College St, 6th Fl, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Wendy Lou
- Dalla Lana Public Health Department, University of Toronto, 155 College St, 6th Fl, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Sandra E Fischer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Timothy D Jackson
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 190 Elizabeth Street, 1st Floor, Suite 408, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Allan Okrainec
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 190 Elizabeth Street, 1st Floor, Suite 408, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Johane P Allard
- Division of Gastroenterology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 6 Queen's Park Crescent West, Third Floor, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R, Díez J, González A, Izquierdo M. Exercise training-induced changes in exerkine concentrations may be relevant to the metabolic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Sport Health Sci 2023; 12:147-157. [PMID: 36351545 PMCID: PMC10105032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the effects of exercise training on exerkines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to determine the optimal exercise prescription. METHODS A systematic search for relevant studies was performed in 3 databases. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise training on at least one of the following exerkines were included: adiponectin, apelin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor-21, follistatin, ghrelin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, IL-18, leptin, myostatin, omentin, resistin, retinol-binding protein 4, tumor necrosis factor-α, and visfatin. RESULTS Forty randomized controlled trials were selected for data extraction (n = 2160). Exercise training induces changes in adiponectin, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor-21, IL-6, IL-10, leptin, resistin, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels but has no significant effects on apelin, IL-18, and ghrelin compared to controls. Physical exercise training favored large and positive changes in pooled exerkines (i.e., an overall effect size calculated from several exerkines) (Hedge's g = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.76-1.28), which in turn were related to changes in glycated hemoglobin (mean difference (MD) = -0.81%, 95%CI: -0.95% to -0.67%), fasting glucose (MD = -23.43 mg/dL, 95%CI: -30.07 mg/dL to -16.80 mg/dL), waist circumference (MD = -3.04 cm, 95%CI: -4.02 cm to -2.07 cm), and body mass (MD = -1.93 kg, 95%CI: -2.00 kg to -1.86 kg). Slightly stronger effects were observed with aerobic, resistance, or high-intensity interval protocols at moderate- to vigorous-intensity and with programs longer than 24 weeks that comprise at least 3 sessions per week and more than 60 min per session. CONCLUSION Exercise training represents an anti-inflammatory therapy and metabolism-improving strategy with minimal side effects for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), University Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona 310008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), University Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona 310008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain; Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Javier Díez
- Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain; Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in Cardiovascular Disease Network, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain; Departments of Nephrology and Cardiology, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Arantxa González
- Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain; Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in Cardiovascular Disease Network, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), University Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona 310008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain; Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cai Y, Wang M, Zong Y, Li C, Fu S, Xie K. Demethylation of miR-299-5p by aerobic exercise relieves insulin resistance in the vascular endothelium by repressing resistin. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 195:110176. [PMID: 36427628 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Insulin resistance (IR) is a critical marker underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Exercise is reported to prevent IR, yet the mechanism of which is complicated and largely unknown. Here, the study aimed to ascertain whether and how aerobic exercise mediates IR in T2DM. METHODS An in vivo model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced IR and an in vitro model of high-glucose-induced IR were constructed. RESULTS Aerobic exercise training in mice led to attenuation of IR in the vascular endothelium. microRNA-299-5p (miR-299-5p) expression was deficient in T2MD, which could be restored by aerobic exercise through modulating the DNA methylation modification enzymes. The expression of miR-299-5p enhanced by aerobic exercise consequently resulted in ameliorating the IR in vivo. Furthermore, increased levels of nitric oxide (NO), reduced levels of Angiotensin II (Ang II), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in response to miR-299-5p elevation suggested the anti-IR role of miR-299-5p in IR-cell model. Dual-luciferase reporter and ChIP assays identified that miR-299-5p could bind to resistin and hence repressed the resistin level. CONCLUSION The key observation of the study is that aerobic exercise stimulates miR-299-5p-targeted resistin inhibition through demethylation, which underlies the mechanism of reducing IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Yujiao Zong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Siqian Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Kangling Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang HM, Kim J, Shin D, Kim JY, You J, Lee HC, Jang HD, Kim HS. Resistin impairs mitochondrial homeostasis via cyclase-associated protein 1-mediated fission, leading to obesity-induced metabolic diseases. Metabolism 2023; 138:155343. [PMID: 36356648 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE One of the suggested mechanisms of obesity-induced insulin resistance is mitochondrial dysfunction in target tissues such as skeletal muscle. In our study, we examined whether resistin, an adipokine associated with obesity-mediated insulin resistance, induced metabolic disorders by impairing mitochondrial homeostasis. METHODS The morphology and function of mitochondria of skeletal muscle were examined in resistin-knockout and humanized resistin mice that were subjected to high-fat diet for 3 months. Morphology was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Mitochondria bioenergetics of skeletal muscle were evaluated using a Seahorse XF96 analyzer. Human skeletal myoblasts were used for in vitro studies on signaling mechanisms in responses to resistin. RESULTS A high-fat diet in humanized resistin mice increased fragmented and shorter mitochondria in the skeletal muscle, whereas resistin-knockout mice had healthy normal mitochondria. In vitro studies showed that human resistin treatment impaired mitochondrial homeostasis by inducing mitochondrial fission, leading to a decrease in ATP production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Induction of mitochondrial fission by resistin was accompanied by increased formation of mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAM). At the same time, resistin induced up-regulation of the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. This activation of PKA induced phosphorylation of Drp1 at serine 616, leading to Drp1 activation and subsequent induction of mitochondrial fission. The key molecule that mediated human resistin-induced mitochondrial fission was adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), which was reported as a bona fide receptor for human resistin. Moreover, our newly developed biomimetic selective blocking peptide could repress human resistin-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. High-fat diet-fed mice showed lower exercise capacity and higher insulin resistance, which was prevented by a novel peptide to block the binding of resistin to CAP1 or in the CAP1-knockdown mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that human resistin induces mitochondrial dysfunction by inducing abnormal mitochondrial fission. This result suggests that the resistin-CAP1 complex could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases such as diabetes and cardiometabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Mo Yang
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonoh Kim
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasom Shin
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye You
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Chae Lee
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Duk Jang
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Monraz-Méndez CA, Escutia-Gutiérrez R, Rodriguez-Sanabria JS, Galicia-Moreno M, Monroy-Ramírez HC, Sánchez-Orozco L, García-Bañuelos J, De la Rosa-Bibiano R, Santos A, Armendáriz-Borunda J, Sandoval-Rodríguez A. Moringa oleifera Improves MAFLD by Inducing Epigenetic Modifications. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204225. [PMID: 36296907 PMCID: PMC9611907 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of diseases from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here, we investigated the hepatoprotective role of Moringa oleifera aqueous extract on hepatic miRNAs, genes and protein expression, as well as histological and biochemical parameters in an experimental model of NASH. Methods. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high fat diet (HFD, 60% lipids, 42 gr/L sugar in water) for 16 weeks. Moringa extract was administered via gavage during the final 8 weeks. Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) and HOMA-IR were calculated. Serum levels of insulin, resistin, leptin and PAI-1 and hepatic expression of miR-21a-5p, miR-103-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-34a-5p and SIRT1, AMPKα and SREBP1c protein were evaluated. Alpha-SMA immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin, Masson’s trichrome and sirius red staining were made. Hepatic transcriptome was analyzed using microarrays. Results. Animals treated with Moringa extract improved ITT and decreased SREBP1c hepatic protein, while SIRT1 increased. Hepatic expression of miR-21a-5p, miR-103-3p and miR-122-5p, miR34a-5p was downregulated. Hepatic histologic analysis showed in Moringa group (HF + MO) a significant decrease in inflammatory nodules, macro steatosis, fibrosis, collagen and αSMA reactivity. Analysis of hepatic transcriptome showed down expression of mRNAs implicated in DNA response to damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipid biosynthesis and insulin resistance. Moringa reduced insulin resistance, de novo lipogenesis, hepatic inflammation and ER stress. Conclusions. Moringa prevented progression of liver damage in a model of NASH and improved biochemical, histological and hepatic expression of genes and miRNAs implicated in MAFLD/NASH development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Alejandra Monraz-Méndez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Escutia-Gutiérrez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Samael Rodriguez-Sanabria
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Marina Galicia-Moreno
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Hugo Christian Monroy-Ramírez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Laura Sánchez-Orozco
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jesus García-Bañuelos
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ricardo De la Rosa-Bibiano
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Arturo Santos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Juan Armendáriz-Borunda
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.A.-B.); (A.S.-R.); Tel.: +52-3310585200 (ext. 34006) (J.A.-B. & A.S.-R.)
| | - Ana Sandoval-Rodríguez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.A.-B.); (A.S.-R.); Tel.: +52-3310585200 (ext. 34006) (J.A.-B. & A.S.-R.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Örsten S, Baysal İ, Çiftçi T, Ünal E, Yabanoğlu Çiftçi S, Doğrul AB, Akıncı D, Akyön Y, Akhan O. Evaluation of Potential Inflammatory Markers for Cystic Echinococcosis: P-selectin and Resistin. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2022; 46:195-200. [PMID: 36094120 DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2022.55265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most common zoonotic diseases worldwide. Diagnosis of CE is predominantly based on imaging techniques and serological tests are used in cases of non-characteristic imaging findings as diagnostic reference. However, serological test results cannot be completely reliable as they are affected by multi-factors. P-selectin and resistin are inflammatory markers that are altered during the acute stages of infection. In this purpose, inflammatory markers as P-selectin and resistin have been investigated for a potential diagnostic reference for CE diagnosis. METHODS A total of 60 patients who were diagnosed with CE and twenty-five healthy individuals were included in this study. Blood samples were obtained from all participants. Obtained sera were evaluated using the P-selectin and resistin ELISA kits for protein levels. Additionally, the relative expression of SELP (P-selectin) and RETN (resistin) genes were determined using the comparative CT (ΔΔCT) method between groups as CE patients with active and inactive cysts, CE patients and healthy controls. RESULTS SELP (13.9-fold change, p<0.05) and RETN (8.1-fold change, p<0.05) were differentially expressed in CE patients compared in the control group. Whereas resistin protein levels were significantly higher in CE patients than the healthy controls (p<0.001), the difference in P-selectin protein levels was not significant (p>0.05). There was no difference between active and inactive CE patients in terms of P-selectin and resistin in gene and protein levels (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Although there was no difference between the active and inactive CE patients, the good differentiation between the healthy controls and the CE patients suggested that resistin is a potential inflammatory diagnostic reference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serra Örsten
- Hacettepe University Vocational School of Health Services, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İpek Baysal
- Hacettepe University Vocational School of Health Services, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Türkmen Çiftçi
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Ünal
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Bülent Doğrul
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Devrim Akıncı
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yakut Akyön
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Okan Akhan
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mansour SZ, Moustafa EM, Moawed FSM. Modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress via sulforaphane-mediated AMPK upregulation against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. Cell Stress Chaperones 2022; 27:499-511. [PMID: 35779187 PMCID: PMC9485504 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01286-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health concern. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunctions may be targeted to prevent the progress of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Sulforaphane (SFN), a sulfur-containing compound that is abundant in broccoli florets, seeds, and sprouts, has been reported to have beneficial effects on attenuating metabolic diseases. In light of this, the present study was designed to elucidate the mechanisms by which SFN ameliorated ER stress, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance - induced by a high-fat diet and ionizing radiation (IR) in rats. In our study, the rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, HFD, HFD + SFN, HFD + IR, and HFD + IR + SFN groups. After the last administration of SFN, liver and blood samples were taken. As a result, the lipid profile, liver enzymes, glucose, insulin, IL-1β, adipokines (leptin and resistin), and PI3K/AKT protein levels, as well as the mRNA gene expression of ER stress markers (IRE-1, sXBP-1, PERK, ATF4, and CHOP), fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α). Interestingly, SFN treatment modulated the levels of proinflammatory cytokine including IL-1β, metabolic indices (lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and adipokines), and ER stress markers in HFD and HFD + IR groups. SFN also increases the expression of PPAR-α and AMPK genes in the livers of HFD and HFD + IR groups. Meanwhile, the gene expression of FAS and CHOP was significantly attenuated in the SFN-treated groups. Our results clearly show that SFN inhibits liver toxicity induced by HFD and IR by ameliorating the ER stress events in the liver tissue through the upregulation of AMPK and PPAR-α accompanied by downregulation of FAS and CHOP gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somaya Z Mansour
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas M Moustafa
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma S M Moawed
- Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Thomalla M, Schmid A, Hehner J, Koehler S, Neumann E, Müller-Ladner U, Schäffler A, Karrasch T. Toll-like Receptor 7 (TLR7) Is Expressed in Adipocytes and the Pharmacological TLR7 Agonist Imiquimod and Adipocyte-Derived Cell-Free Nucleic Acids (cfDNA) Regulate Adipocyte Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158475. [PMID: 35955609 PMCID: PMC9369246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endosome-localized Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 3 and 9 are expressed and functionally active in adipocytes. The functionality and role of TLR7 in adipocyte biology and innate immunity of adipose tissue (AT) is poorly characterized. We analyzed TLR7 mRNA and protein expression in murine 3T3-L1 and primary adipocytes, in co-cultures of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with murine J774A.1 monocytes and in human AT. The effects of TLR7 agonists imiquimod (IMQ) and cell-free nucleic acids (cfDNA) on adipokine concentration in cell-culture supernatants and gene expression profile were investigated. We found that TLR7 expression is strongly induced during adipocyte differentiation. TLR7 gene expression in adipocytes and AT stroma-vascular cells (SVC) seems to be independent of TLR9. IMQ downregulates resistin concentration in adipocyte cell-culture supernatants and modulates gene expression of glucose transporter Glut4. Adipocyte-derived cfDNA reduces adiponectin and resistin in cell-culture supernatants and potentially inhibits Glut4 gene expression. The responsiveness of 3T3-L1 adipocytes to imiquimod is preserved in co-culture with J774A.1 monocytes. Obesity-related, adipocyte-derived cfDNA engages adipocytic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), modulating AT immune and metabolic homeostasis during adipose inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Thomalla
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany; (M.T.); (A.S.); (J.H.); (S.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Andreas Schmid
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany; (M.T.); (A.S.); (J.H.); (S.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Julia Hehner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany; (M.T.); (A.S.); (J.H.); (S.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Sebastian Koehler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany; (M.T.); (A.S.); (J.H.); (S.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Elena Neumann
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Campus Kerckhoff, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (E.N.); (U.M.-L.)
| | - Ulf Müller-Ladner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Campus Kerckhoff, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (E.N.); (U.M.-L.)
| | - Andreas Schäffler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany; (M.T.); (A.S.); (J.H.); (S.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Thomas Karrasch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany; (M.T.); (A.S.); (J.H.); (S.K.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao B, Bouchareb R, Lebeche D. Resistin deletion protects against heart failure injury by targeting DNA damage response. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:1947-1963. [PMID: 34324657 PMCID: PMC9239578 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Increased resistin (Retn) levels are associated with development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of Retn in heart failure (HF) is still unclear. Here we probed the functional and molecular mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of Retn deletion in HF. METHODS AND RESULTS Wild-type (WT) and adipose tissue-specific Retn-knockout (RKO) mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced HF. Cardiac function and haemodynamic changes were measured by echocardiography and left ventricular catheterization. Adipose tissue Retn deletion attenuated while Retn cardiac-selective overexpression, via a recombinant adeno-associated virus-9 vector, exacerbated TAC-induced hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction, and myocardial fibrosis in WT and RKO mice. Mechanistically, we showed that Gadd45α was significantly increased in RKO HF mice while cardiac overexpression of Retn led to its downregulation. miR148b-3p directly targets Gadd45α and inhibits its expression. Retn overexpression upregulated miR148b-3p expression and triggered DNA damage response (DDR) in RKO-HF mice. Inhibition of miR148b-3p in vivo normalized Gadd45α expression, decreased DDR, and reversed cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. In vitro Retn overexpression in adult mouse cardiomyocytes activated miR148b-3p and reduced Gadd45α expression. Gadd45α overexpression in H9C2-cardiomyoblasts protected against hydrogen peroxide- and Retn-induced DDR. CONCLUSION These findings reveal that diminution in circulating Retn reduced myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis, and improved heart function in a mouse model of HF, at least in part, through attenuation of miR148b-3p and DDR. The results of this study indicate that controlling Retn levels may provide a potential therapeutic approach for treating pressure overload-induced HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoyin Zhao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Djamel Lebeche
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Saraswathi V, Kumar N, Ai W, Gopal T, Bhatt S, Harris EN, Talmon GA, Desouza CV. Myristic Acid Supplementation Aggravates High Fat Diet-Induced Adipose Inflammation and Systemic Insulin Resistance in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12:739. [PMID: 35740864 PMCID: PMC9220168 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are considered to be detrimental to human health. One of the SFAs, myristic acid (MA), is known to exert a hypercholesterolemic effect in mice as well as humans. However, its effects on altering adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and systemic insulin resistance (IR) in obesity are still unclear. Here, we sought to determine the effects of a high fat (HF) diet supplemented with MA on obesity-associated metabolic disorders in mice. Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were fed a HF diet in the presence or absence of 3% MA for 12 weeks. Plasma lipids, plasma adipokines, AT inflammation, systemic IR, glucose homeostasis, and hepatic steatosis were assessed. The body weight and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass were significantly higher in mice receiving the HF+MA diet compared to HF diet-fed controls. Plasma total cholesterol levels were marginally increased in HF+MA-fed mice compared to controls. Fasting blood glucose was comparable between HF and HF+MA-fed mice. Interestingly, the plasma insulin and HOMA-IR index, a measure of insulin resistance, were significantly higher in HF+MA-fed mice compared to HF controls. Macrophage and inflammatory markers were significantly elevated in the AT and AT-derived stromal vascular cells upon MA feeding. Moreover, the level of circulating resistin, an adipokine promoting insulin resistance, was significantly higher in HF+MA-fed mice compared with HF controls. The insulin tolerance test revealed that the IR was higher in mice receiving the MA supplementation compared to HF controls. Moreover, the glucose tolerance test showed impairment in systemic glucose homeostasis in MA-fed mice. Analyses of liver samples showed a trend towards an increase in liver TG upon MA feeding. However, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were reduced in the liver of mice fed an MA diet compared to controls. Taken together, our data suggest that chronic administration of MA in diet exacerbates obesity-associated insulin resistance and this effect is mediated in part, via increased AT inflammation and increased secretion of resistin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Weilun Ai
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Saumya Bhatt
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Edward N. Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;
| | - Geoffrey A. Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Cyrus V. Desouza
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (N.K.); (W.A.); (T.G.); (S.B.); (C.V.D.)
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee KN, Park KH, Kim YM, Cho I, Kim TE. Prediction of emergency cerclage outcomes in women with cervical insufficiency: The role of inflammatory, angiogenic, and extracellular matrix-related proteins in amniotic fluid. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268291. [PMID: 35536791 PMCID: PMC9089878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine whether various novel inflammatory, angiogenic, and extracellular matrix-related mediators in amniotic fluid (AF) can independently predict emergency cerclage outcomes in women with acute cervical insufficiency (CI). METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study conducted among 50 singleton pregnant women (18-25 weeks) who underwent emergency cerclage for CI and were subjected to amniocentesis. The AF samples were assayed for endoglin, endostatin, haptoglobin, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP)-3, -4, kallistatin, lumican, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), pentraxin 3, p-selectin, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), resistin, transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI), and vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) levels. Interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the AF were also measured for comparison with potential biomarkers assessed in this study. The primary endpoint was spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) at <34 weeks following emergency cerclage. RESULTS The AF levels of pentraxin 3, RAGE, and resistin were significantly higher in women who had SPTD at <34 weeks after cerclage placement (pentraxin-3: P = 0.003; RAGE: P = 0.041; and resistin; P = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, elevated AF levels of pentraxin 3 (P = 0.007) and resistin (P = 0.006), but not those of RAGE (P = 0.069), were independently associated with the occurrence of SPTD at <34 weeks after cerclage, following adjustment for baseline clinical variables (e.g., cervical dilation). The area under the curve (AUC) values of AF pentraxin 3, RAGE, and resistin for the prediction of SPTD at <34 weeks were 0.749, 0.669, and 0.770, respectively, which were similar to those of AF IL-6. However, in univariate analyses, no differences in the AF levels of endoglin, endostatin, haptoglobin, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, kallistatin, lumican, p-selectin, TGFBI, and VDBP were found to be associated with SPTD at <34 weeks after cerclage placement. CONCLUSIONS In women with acute CI, the AF levels of pentraxin 3, RAGE, and resistin could be useful novel biomarkers for predicting SPTD following emergency cerclage. However, the clinical utility of these new biomarkers should be validated in larger multicenter studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyong-No Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyo Hoon Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Yu Mi Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Iseop Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Tae Eun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hua K, Wang M, Jin Y, Gao Y, Luo R, Bi D, Zhou R, Jin H. P38 MAPK pathway regulates the expression of resistin in porcine alveolar macrophages via Ets2 during Haemophilus parasuis stimulation. Dev Comp Immunol 2022; 128:104327. [PMID: 34863954 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is a widespread bacterial pathogen causing acute systemic inflammation and leading to the sudden death of piglets. Resistin, a multifunctional peptide hormone previously demonstrated to influence the inflammation in porcine, was extremely increased in H. parasuis-infected tissues. However, the mechanism of resistin expression regulation in porcine, especially during pathogen infection, remains unclear. In the present study, we explored for the first time the transcription factor and signaling pathway mediating the expression of pig resistin during H. parasuis stimulation. We found that H. parasuis induced the expression of pig resistin in a time- and dose-dependent manner via the transcription factor Ets2 in porcine alveolar macrophages during H. parasuis stimulation. Moreover, the expression of Ets2 was mediated by the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway induced by H. parasuis, thus promoting resistin production. These results revealed a novel view of the molecular mechanism of pig resistin production during acute inflammation induced by pathogenic bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yishun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Rui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Dingren Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Hui Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious complication of pregnancy and is defined as a state of glucose intolerance that is first diagnosed and arises during gestation. Although the pathophysiology of GDM has not yet been thoroughly clarified, insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction are considered critical components of its etiopathogenesis. To sustain fetus growth and guarantee mother health, many significant changes in maternal metabolism are required in normal and high-risk pregnancy accompanied by potential complications. Adipokines, adipose tissue-derived hormones, are proteins with pleiotropic functions including a strong metabolic influence in physiological conditions and during pregnancy too. A growing number of studies suggest that various adipokines including adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, resistin and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are dysregulated in GDM and might have pathological significance and a prognostic value in this pregnancy disorder. In this review, we will focus on the current knowledge on the role that the aforementioned adipokines play in the development and progression of GDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mallardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100, Caserta, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Ferraro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Taouis M, Benomar Y. Is resistin the master link between inflammation and inflammation-related chronic diseases? Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 533:111341. [PMID: 34082045 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Resistin has been firstly discovered in mice and was identified as an adipose tissue-secreted hormone or adipokine linking obesity and insulin resistance. In humans, resistin has been characterized as a hormone expressed and secreted by Immune cells especially by macrophages, and was linked to many inflammatory responses including inflammation of adipose tissue due to macrophages' infiltration. Human and mouse resistin display sequence and structural similarities and also dissimilarities that could explain their different expression pattern. In mice, strong pieces of evidence clearly associated high resistin plasma levels to obesity and insulin resistance suggesting that resistin could play an important role in the onset and progression of obesity and insulin resistance via resistin-induced inflammation. In humans, the link between resistin and obesity/insulin resistance is still a matter of debate and needs more epidemiological studies. Also, resistin has been linked to other chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers where resistin has been proposed in many studies as a biological marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Taouis
- Molecular Neuroendocrinology of Food Intake (NMPA), UMR 9197, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France; NMPA, Dept. Development, Evolution and Cell Signaling, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neurosciences (NeuroPSI) CNRS UMR 9197, Orsay, France.
| | - Yacir Benomar
- Molecular Neuroendocrinology of Food Intake (NMPA), UMR 9197, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France; NMPA, Dept. Development, Evolution and Cell Signaling, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neurosciences (NeuroPSI) CNRS UMR 9197, Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rzepa Ł, Peller M, Eyileten C, Rosiak M, Kondracka A, Mirowska-Guzel D, Opolski G, Filipiak KJ, Postuła M, Kapłon-Cieslicka A. Resistin is Associated with Inflammation and Renal Function, but not with Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:478-484. [PMID: 34169498 DOI: 10.1055/a-1492-3077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the association of adipokines (resistin, leptin and adiponectin) with obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 284 patients with T2DM were included. Concentrations of resistin, leptin, adiponectin, and inflammatory markers [high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6)] were measured and homeostatic model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) index was calculated. Resistin correlated negatively with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and positively with hsCRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and white blood cell count (WBC). Leptin correlated positively with HOMA-IR, whereas adiponectin correlated negatively. Leptin also correlated positively with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, IL-6, WBC and negatively with eGFR. Adiponectin correlated negatively with waist circumference, WBC, and eGFR. Multivariate logistic regression indicated lower eGFR and higher WBC and IL-6 as independent predictive factors of resistin concentration above the upper quartile (CAQ3), whereas female sex and higher BMI and HOMA-IR of leptin CAQ3, and lower HOMA-IR and older age of adiponectin CAQ3. In conclusion, in contrast to leptin and adiponectin, in T2DM patients, resistin is not associated with BMI and IR, but with inflammation and worse kidney function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Rzepa
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Peller
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Rosiak
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Central Clinical Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kondracka
- Department of Internal Diseases and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Opolski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J Filipiak
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Postuła
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Rzucidlo CL, Sperou ES, Holser RR, Khudyakov JI, Costa DP, Crocker DE. Changes in serum adipokines during natural extended fasts in female northern elephant seals. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 308:113760. [PMID: 33781740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is essential to endotherms for thermoregulation and energy storage as well as functioning as an endocrine organ. Adipose derived hormones, or adipokines, regulate metabolism, energy expenditure, reproduction, and immune function in model systems but are less well studied in wildlife. Female northern elephant seals (NES) achieve high adiposity during foraging and then undergo natural fasts up to five weeks long during haul-outs associated with reproduction and molting, resulting in large changes in adipose reserves. We measured circulating levels of four adipokines: leptin, resistin, adiponectin, and kisspeptin-54, in 196 serum samples from female NES at the beginning and end of their breeding and molting fasts. We examined the relationships between these adipokines and life-history stage, adiposity, mass, cortisol, and an immune cytokine involved in the innate immune response interleukin 6 (IL-6). All four adipokines varied with life-history stage. Leptin concentrations were highest at the beginning of the breeding haul-out. Resistin concentrations were higher throughout the breeding haul-out compared to the molt haul-out. Adiponectin concentrations were highest at the beginning of both haul-outs. Kisspeptin-54 concentrations were highest at the end of the breeding haul-out. Leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were associated with measures of body condition, either adiposity, mass, or both. Resistin, adiponectin, and kisspeptin-54 were associated with circulating cortisol concentrations. Resistin was strongly associated with circulating IL-6, a multifunctional cytokine. Adiponectin was associated with glucose concentrations, suggesting a potential role in tissue-specific insulin sensitivity during life-history stages categorized by high adiposity. Increased cortisol concentrations late in lactation were associated with increased kisspeptin-54, suggesting a link to ovulation initiation in NES. This study suggests dramatic changes in circulating adipokines with life-history and body condition that may exert important regulatory roles in NES. The positive relationship between adiponectin and adiposity as well as the lack of a relationship between leptin and kisspeptin-54 differed from model systems. These differences from biomedical model systems suggest the potential for modifications of expression and function of adipose-derived hormones in species that undergo natural changes in adiposity as part of their life-history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline L Rzucidlo
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, United States.
| | - Emily S Sperou
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, United States
| | - Rachel R Holser
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Jane I Khudyakov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, United States
| | - Daniel P Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Daniel E Crocker
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Habib SS, Sultan M, Khan A, Al-Khlaiwi T, Bashir S. Circulating Adiponectin and Resistin Levels Are Associated with Adiposity Indices and Physical Fitness in Healthy Adult Males. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2021; 27:e930322. [PMID: 34158467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of physical fitness scores (PFS) with serum adiponectin, resistin, and adiponectin/resistin ratio (AR ratio) in relation to body adiposity indices in healthy adult males. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Clinical Physiology Unit, Physiology Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, from March 2017 to April 2018. We included 125 healthy adult males. Serum samples were obtained after overnight fasting. Analysis was performed for fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), basal insulin, lipid profile, resistin, and adiponectin. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) was used to assess body composition. Based on ideal body composition, PFS were computed as previously published for all subjects and compared with serum markers. RESULTS There was a positive correlation of adiponectin with PFS (r=.218, p=0.015) and an inverse correlation with obesity degree (OD), OD (r=-.239, p=0.001), body mass index (BMI) (r=-.244, p=0.001), and waist/hip ratio (WHR) WHR (r=-.296, p=0.001). Moreover, it was correlated negatively with basal insulin (r=-.211, p=0.009) and homeostatic insulin resistance model (HOMA-IR) HOMA-IR (r=-.221, p=0.013). Resistin was correlated negatively with PFS (r=-.203, p=0.023), while its correlation with OD, BMI, WHR, and HOMA-IR was not significant. AR ratio was positively correlated with PFS (r=.286, p=0.001) and negatively with OD (r=-.210, p=0.019), BMI (r=-.222, p=0.013), WHR (r=-.308, p=0.001) and basal insulin (r=-.237, p=0.008). In linear regression analysis, the relationship of PFS was significant with adiponectin (r=.218, p=0.015), resistin (r=-.203, p=0.023) and AR ratio (r=.286, p=0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that individually the values of adiponectin and resistin were not significantly correlated with PFS, but they were significant with the combined AR ratio with AUC 64.6% (p=0.029). CONCLUSIONS Serum adiponectin was positively correlated and resistin was negatively correlated with physical fitness scores based on healthy body composition with low proportion of body adiposity and a higher proportion of fat-free mass. However, the combined effect of adiponectin/resistin ratio is an even better predictor of physical fitness. Moreover, the adiponectin/resistin ratio is even more highly associated with physical fitness than adiponectin or resistin alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shahid Habib
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamoona Sultan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeena Khan
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamir Al-Khlaiwi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Department of Neurophysiology, Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Elaraby E, Malek AI, Abdullah HW, Elemam NM, Saber-Ayad M, Talaat IM. Natural Killer Cell Dysfunction in Obese Patients with Breast Cancer: A Review of a Triad and Its Implications. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:9972927. [PMID: 34212054 PMCID: PMC8205589 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9972927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells (NK cells) are a crucial constituent of the innate immune system as they mediate immunity against viruses, bacteria, parasites, and most importantly, tumor cells. The exact mechanism of how the innate immune system and specifically NK cells interact with cancer cells is complex and is yet to be understood. Several factors that constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME) such as hypoxia and TGF-β are believed to play a role in the complex physiological reaction of NK cells to tumor cells. On the other hand, several risk factors are implicated in the development and progression of breast cancer, most importantly: obesity. Cytokines released from adipose tissue such as adipokines, leptin, and resistin, among others, are also believed to facilitate tumor progression. In this study, we aimed to build a triad of breast cancer, obesity, and NK cell dysfunction to elucidate a link between these pillars on a cellular level. Directing efforts towards solidifying the link between these factors will help in designing a targeted immunotherapy with a low side-effect profile that can revolutionize breast cancer treatment and improve survival in obese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Elaraby
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | | | | | - Noha Mousaad Elemam
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman M. Talaat
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yadav AK, Jang BC. Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Differentiating 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes by Pazopanib, a Multikinase Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094884. [PMID: 34063048 PMCID: PMC8125232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pazopanib is a multikinase inhibitor with anti-tumor activity. As of now, the anti-obesity effect and mode of action of pazopanib are unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of pazopanib on lipid accumulation, lipolysis, and expression of inflammatory cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in differentiating and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, a murine preadipocyte. Of note, pazopanib at 10 µM markedly decreased lipid accumulation and triglyceride (TG) content during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation with no cytotoxicity. Furthermore, pazopanib inhibited not only expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), and perilipin A but also phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. In addition, pazopanib treatment increased phosphorylation of cAMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream effector ACC during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. However, in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, pazopanib treatment did not stimulate glycerol release and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) phosphorylation, hallmarks of lipolysis. Moreover, pazopanib could inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced expression of COX-2 in both 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and differentiated cells. In summary, this is the first report that pazopanib has strong anti-adipogenic and anti-inflammatory effects in 3T3-L1 cells, which are mediated through regulation of the expression and phosphorylation of C/EBP-α, PPAR-γ, STAT-3, ACC, perilipin A, AMPK, and COX-2.
Collapse
|
27
|
Finamore F, Cecchettini A, Ceccherini E, Signore G, Ferro F, Rocchiccioli S, Baldini C. Characterization of Extracellular Vesicle Cargo in Sjögren's Syndrome through a SWATH-MS Proteomics Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094864. [PMID: 34064456 PMCID: PMC8124455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a complex heterogeneous disease characterized by a wide spectrum of glandular and extra-glandular manifestations. In this pilot study, a SWATH-MS approach was used to monitor extracellular vesicles-enriched saliva (EVs) sub-proteome in pSS patients, to compare it with whole saliva (WS) proteome, and assess differential expressed proteins between pSS and healthy control EVs samples. Comparison between EVs and WS led to the characterization of compartment-specific proteins with a moderate degree of overlap. A total of 290 proteins were identified and quantified in EVs from healthy and pSS patients. Among those, 121 proteins were found to be differentially expressed in pSS, 82% were found to be upregulated, and 18% downregulated in pSS samples. The most representative functional pathways associated to the protein networks were related to immune-innate response, including several members of S100 protein family, annexin A2, resistin, serpin peptidase inhibitors, azurocidin, and CD14 monocyte differentiation antigen. Our results highlight the usefulness of EVs for the discovery of novel salivary-omic biomarkers and open novel perspectives in pSS for the identification of proteins of clinical relevance that could be used not only for the disease diagnosis but also to improve patients’ stratification and treatment-monitoring. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD025649.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Finamore
- Clinical Phisiology Institute-CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Antonella Cecchettini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elisa Ceccherini
- Clinical Phisiology Institute-CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Giovanni Signore
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, S Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Ferro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (C.B.)
| | - Silvia Rocchiccioli
- Clinical Phisiology Institute-CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Chiara Baldini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (C.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistin concentrations in saliva; which is a noninvasive and stress-free diagnostic sample, and to investigate the significance of salivary resistin concentrations in screening GDM. METHODS This cross-sectional case-control study included 41 newly diagnosed GDM patients and 40 healthy pregnant. The participants were consecutively included in the study among eligible pregnant women; who were in the age range from 18 to 40 years of age and at the gestational age between 24 and 28 weeks. The levels of serum and salivary resistin were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. RESULTS Maternal serum resistin and salivary resistin concentrations were significantly higher in the patients with GDM compared to the individuals in the control group. The data were evaluated by the receiver-operator curve analysis; which revealed that serum and saliva resistin concentrations were moderately successful markers to differentiate subjects with GDM from healthy pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the determination of saliva resistin levels at the gestational age between 24 to 28 weeks may be used as an alternative, stress-free, and noninvasive technique that may be used in GDM screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beril Gürlek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sabri Çolak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wen F, Shi Z, Liu X, Tan Y, Wei L, Zhu X, Zhang H, Zhu X, Meng X, Ji W, Yang M, Lu Z. Acute Elevated Resistin Exacerbates Mitochondrial Damage and Aggravates Liver Steatosis Through AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway in Male NAFLD Mice. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:132-144. [PMID: 33302316 DOI: 10.1055/a-1293-8250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Resistin was identified as a link between obesity and insulin resistance and is associated with many diseases in mice. Deciphering the related development and molecular mechanism is necessary for the treatment of these diseases. Previous studies have revealed that increased resistin levels are correlated with lipid accumulation and play a role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. However, the exact mechanisms underlying these processes remain unclear. To further clarify whether acute elevated resistin level exacerbated liver steatosis, a high-fat diet-induced NAFLD animal model was used and treated with or without resistin for 6 days. We discovered that resistin altered mitochondrial morphology, decreased mitochondrial content, and increased lipid accumulation in HFD mice. qRT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that acute elevated resistin significantly altered the gene expression of mitochondrial biogenesis and liver lipid metabolism molecules in HFD mice. Consequently, in vitro experiments verified that resistin reduced the mitochondrial content, impaired the mitochondrial function and increased the lipid accumulation of palmitate-treated HepG2 cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that resistin upregulated proinflammatory factors, which confirmed that resistin promoted the development of inflammation in NAFLD mice and palmitate-treated HepG2 cells. Signaling-transduction analysis demonstrated that acute elevated resistin aggravated liver steatosis through AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in male mice. This reveals a novel pathway through which lipogenesis is induced by resistin and suggests that maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis may be key to treatments for preventing resistin-induced NAFLD aggravation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoyan Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Lan Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xuemin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohuan Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiangmiao Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Weixia Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Mengting Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxuan Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tchio C, Baba K, Piccione G, Tosini G. Removal of melatonin receptor type 1 signalling induces dyslipidaemia and hormonal changes in mice subjected to environmental circadian disruption. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2021; 4:e00171. [PMID: 33532613 PMCID: PMC7831213 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in a circadian rhythmic manner with peak synthesis at night. Melatonin signalling was suggested to play a critical role in metabolism during the circadian disruption. Methods Melatonin-proficient (C3H-f+/+ or WT) and melatonin receptor type 1 knockout (MT1 KO) male and female mice were phase-advanced (6 hours) once a week for 6 weeks. Every week, we measured weight, food intake and basal glucose levels. At the end of the experiment, we sacrificed the animals and measured the blood's plasma for lipids profile (total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides and total cholesterol), metabolic hormones profiles (ghrelin, leptin, insulin, glucagon, glucagon-like-peptide and resistin) and the body composition. Results Environmental circadian disruption (ECD) did not produce any significant effects in C3H-f+/+, while it increased lipids profile in MT1 KO with the significant increase observed in total lipids and triglycerides. For metabolic hormones profile, ECD decreased plasma ghrelin and increased plasma insulin in MT1 KO females. Under control condition, MT1 KO females have significantly different body weight, fat mass, total lipids and total cholesterol than the control C3H-f+/+ females. Conclusion Our data show that melatonin-proficient mice are not affected by ECD. When the MT1 receptors are removed, ECD induced dyslipidaemia in males and females with females experiencing the most adverse effect. Overall, our data demonstrate that MT1 signalling is an essential modulator of lipid and metabolic homeostasis during ECD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Tchio
- Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Disorders ProgramNeuroscience InstituteAtlantaGAUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMorehouse School of MedicineNeuroscience InstituteAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Kenkichi Baba
- Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Disorders ProgramNeuroscience InstituteAtlantaGAUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMorehouse School of MedicineNeuroscience InstituteAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Dipartimento di Medicine VeterinariaUniversita di MessinaMessinaItaly
| | - Gianluca Tosini
- Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Disorders ProgramNeuroscience InstituteAtlantaGAUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMorehouse School of MedicineNeuroscience InstituteAtlantaGAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Govindsamy A, Ghoor S, Cerf ME. Programming With Varying Dietary Fat Content Alters Cardiac Insulin Receptor, Glut4 and FoxO1 Immunoreactivity in Neonatal Rats, Whereas High Fat Programming Alters Cebpa Gene Expression in Neonatal Female Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:772095. [PMID: 35069436 PMCID: PMC8766637 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.772095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal programming refers to an intrauterine stimulus or insult that shapes growth, development and health outcomes. Dependent on the quality and quantity, dietary fats can be beneficial or detrimental for the growth of the fetus and can alter insulin signaling by regulating the expression of key factors. The effects of varying dietary fat content on the expression profiles of factors in the neonatal female and male rat heart were investigated and analyzed in control (10% fat), 20F (20% fat), 30F (30% fat) and 40F (40% fat which was a high fat diet used to induce high fat programming) neonatal rats. The whole neonatal heart was immunostained for insulin receptor, glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) and forkhead box protein 1 (FoxO1), followed by image analysis. The expression of 84 genes, commonly associated with the insulin signaling pathway, were then examined in 40F female and 40F male offspring. Maintenance on diets, varying in fat content during fetal life, altered the expression of cardiac factors, with changes induced from 20% fat in female neonates, but from 30% fat in male neonates. Further, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (Cebpa) was upregulated in 40F female neonates. There was, however, differential expression of several insulin signaling genes in 40F (high fat programmed) offspring, with some tending to significance but most differences were in fold changes (≥1.5 fold). The increased immunoreactivity for insulin receptor, Glut4 and FoxO1 in 20F female and 30F male neonatal rats may reflect a compensatory response to programming to maintain cardiac physiology. Cebpa was upregulated in female offspring maintained on a high fat diet, with fold increases in other insulin signaling genes viz. Aebp1, Cfd (adipsin), Adra1d, Prkcg, Igfbp, Retn (resistin) and Ucp1. In female offspring maintained on a high fat diet, increased Cebpa gene expression (concomitant with fold increases in other insulin signaling genes) may reflect cardiac stress and an adaptative response to cardiac inflammation, stress and/or injury, after high fat programming. Diet and the sex are determinants of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology, reflecting divergent mechanisms that are sex-specific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annelene Govindsamy
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Samira Ghoor
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marlon E. Cerf
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Grants, Innovation and Product Development, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Marlon E. Cerf,
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Obesity and atherosclerosis are inflammatory states involving variable metabolic signals. The adipokine resistin is implicated in adipose tissue dysfunction and is modulated by PPARγ. In this study, resistin and PPARγ role is investigated in the development of CVS disease. Forty-eight Adult male albino rats were divided into control, obesity and atherosclerotic groups; each group is divided into two subgroups; with and without PPARγ agonist administration for 8 weeks. To assess pathological changes; lipid profile, inflammatory mediator, serum resistin level and resistin expression in adipose tissue were measured. Aorta is histopathologically evaluated. It was found that resistin expression is significantly correlated with lipid profile and inflammatory status in obesity and atherosclerotic groups, and PPARγ agonist administration significantly improves inflammatory status and dyslipidemic profile across studied groups (p < .05). Aortic wall shows histopathological evidence of atherosclerosis in obesity group which is more evident in atherosclerotic group, and milder changes upon receiving PPARγ agonist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha M Sabry
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal F Dawood
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Laila A Rashed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham M Sayed
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif Hassan
- Department of Medical Education, California University of Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine (CalMed-SOM), Irvine, USA
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sheren F Younes
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, KSA
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Farkhondeh T, Llorens S, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Ashrafizadeh M, Talebi M, Shakibaei M, Samarghandian S. An Overview of the Role of Adipokines in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Molecules 2020; 25:E5218. [PMID: 33182462 PMCID: PMC7665135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) leads to an increase in morbidity, mortality, and a shortening of life span. The changes in heart structure and function as well as metabolic profile are caused by obese people, including those free of metabolic disorders. Obesity alters heart function structure and affects lipid and glucose metabolism, blood pressure, and increase inflammatory cytokines. Adipokines, specific cytokines of adipocytes, are involved in the progression of obesity and the associated co-morbidities. In the current study, we review the scientific evidence on the effects of obesity on CVDs, focusing on the changes in adipokines. Several adipokines have anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects comprising omentin, apelin, adiponectin, and secreted frizzled-related protein (Sfrp-5). Other adipokines have pro-inflammatory impacts on the cardiovascular system and obesity including leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), retinol-binding protein4 (RBP-4), visfatin, resistin, and osteopontin. We found that obesity is associated with multiple CVDs, but can only occur in unhealthy metabolic patients. However, more studies should be designed to clarify the association between obesity, adipokine changes, and the occurrence of CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
| | - Silvia Llorens
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Albacete, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | | | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey;
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1996835113, Iran;
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumour Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur 9318614139, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zieba DA, Biernat W, Barć J. Roles of leptin and resistin in metabolism, reproduction, and leptin resistance. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 73:106472. [PMID: 32265081 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Increased adipose mass can cause insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This phenomenon is related to adipocyte-secreted signaling molecules that affect glucose balance, such as fatty acids, adiponectin, leptin, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and resistin. Among these hormones, leptin and resistin play important roles in regulating weight and glucose metabolism. Leptin and resistin work in both similar and opposite ways, and they interact with each other. Circulating concentrations of leptin and resistin are elevated in models of obesity and rodents fed a high-fat diet. In addition, leptin and resistin are similarly regulated by nutritional status: they are reduced by fasting and increased by feeding. This effect is mediated partially through insulin receptors and glucose transporters. Our latest data provided the first indication that in sheep, intravenous infusion of resistin increases the mean circulating concentrations of leptin and decreases luteinizing hormone in a dose-dependent manner during both the long-day (LD) and short-day seasons. Furthermore, exogenous resistin increased suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 mRNA expression only during the LD season, when the leptin resistance/insensitivity phenomenon was observed in the arcuate nucleus, preoptic area, and anterior pituitary. We concluded that one factor contributing to central leptin resistance is autosuppression, via which leptin and resistin stimulate the expression of SOCS-3, which inhibits leptin signaling. The increased expression of SOCS-3 in response to leptin and resistin may be a pivotal cause of leptin resistance/insensitivity, a pathological situation in obese individuals and a physiological occurrence in sheep during the LD season.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A Zieba
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - W Biernat
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - J Barć
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Borse SP, Chhipa AS, Sharma V, Singh DP, Nivsarkar M. Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Current Strategies, Unfocussed Aspects, Challenges, and Alternatives. Med Princ Pract 2020; 30:109-121. [PMID: 32818934 PMCID: PMC8114074 DOI: 10.1159/000511002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for >90% of the cases of diabetes in adults. Resistance to insulin action is the major cause that leads to chronic hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. T2DM is the consequence of activation of multiple pathways and factors involved in insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Also, the etiology of T2DM involves the complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors. This interplay can be governed efficiently by lifestyle modifications to achieve better management of diabetes. The present review aims at discussing the major factors involved in the development of T2DM that remain unfocussed during the anti-diabetic therapy. The review also focuses on lifestyle modifications that are warranted for the successful management of T2DM. In addition, it attempts to explain flaws in current strategies to combat diabetes. The employability of phytoconstituents as multitargeting molecules and their potential use as effective therapeutic adjuvants to first line hypoglycemic agents to prevent side effects caused by the synthetic drugs are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil P Borse
- AYUSH-Center of Excellence, Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (CCIH), Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Pune, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Thaltej, India
| | - Abu Sufiyan Chhipa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Thaltej, India
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Vipin Sharma
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | | | - Manish Nivsarkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Thaltej, India,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sudan SK, Deshmukh SK, Poosarla T, Holliday NP, Dyess DL, Singh AP, Singh S. Resistin: An inflammatory cytokine with multi-faceted roles in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188419. [PMID: 32822824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Systemic and organ-confined inflammation has been associated with cancer development and progression. Resistin, initially described as an adipocyte-derived cytokine in mice, is mostly expressed by the macrophages in humans. It has potent pro-inflammatory properties, and its elevated serum levels are detected in cancer patients. Aberrant expression of resistin receptors is also reported in several malignancies and associated with aggressive clinicopathological features. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that resistin, acting through its different receptors, promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance by influencing a variety of cellular phenotypes as well as by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Racially disparate expression of resistin has also attracted much interest, considering prevalent cancer health disparities. This review discusses the aberrant expression of resistin and its receptors, its diverse downstream signaling and impact on tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and therapy resistance to support its clinical exploitation in biomarker and therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarabjeet Kour Sudan
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA; Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA
| | - Sachin Kumar Deshmukh
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA; Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA
| | - Teja Poosarla
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | | | - Donna Lynn Dyess
- Department of Surgery, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA; Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA; Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tang N, Liu Y, Tian Z, Xu S, Wang M, Chen H, Wang B, Li Y, Wang Y, Yang S, Zhao L, Chen D, Li Z. Characterization, tissue distribution of resistin gene and the effect of fasting and refeeding on resistin mRNA expression in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). J Fish Biol 2020; 97:508-514. [PMID: 32447775 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Resistin as an adipokine identified from rodents in 2001 is involved in many biological processes. However, little is known about this gene in fish. We cloned Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) resistin cDNA of 795 base pairs, encoding 107 amino acids, which showed 38-40% identity to human and rodents. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that the resistin gene was widely distributed in tissues of Siberian sturgeon, with the highest expression in liver. After fasting for 1, 3, 6 and 10 days, the expression of the resistin gene in the liver of Siberian sturgeon decreased significantly, and after refeeding on the 10 days of fasting the resistin mRNA expression increased rapidly, suggesting that resistin may play an important role in liver in response to starvation. Taken together, these results suggest that resistin may be involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis in liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Tang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanlin Liu
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengzhi Tian
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaoqi Xu
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liulan Zhao
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Defang Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqiong Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lin Q, Price SA, Skinner JT, Hu B, Fan C, Yamaji-Kegan K, Johns RA. Systemic evaluation and localization of resistin expression in normal human tissues by a newly developed monoclonal antibody. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235546. [PMID: 32609743 PMCID: PMC7329134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistin and resistin-like molecules are pleiotropic cytokines that are involved in inflammatory diseases. Our previous work suggested that resistin has the potential to be used as a biomarker and therapeutic target for human pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, data are limited on the distribution of resistin in healthy human organs. In this study, we used our newly developed anti-human resistin (hResistin) antibody to immunohistochemically detect the expression, localization, and intracellular/extracellular compartmentalization of hResistin in a full human tissue panel from healthy individuals. The potential cross reactivity of this monoclonal anti-hResistin IgG1 with normal human tissues also was verified. Results showed that hResistin is broadly distributed and principally localized in the cytoplasmic granules of macrophages scattered in the interstitium of most human tissues. Bone marrow hematopoietic precursor cells also exhibited hResistin signals in their cytoplasmic granules. Additionally, hResistin labeling was observed in the cytoplasm of nervous system cells. Notably, the cytokine activity of hResistin was illustrated by positively stained extracellular material in most human tissues. These data indicate that our generated antibody binds to the secreted hResistin and support its potential use for immunotherapy to reduce circulating hResistin levels in human disease. Our findings comprehensively document the basal expression patterns of hResistin protein in normal human tissues, suggest a critical role of this cytokine in normal and pathophysiologic inflammatory processes, and offer key insights for using our antibody in future pharmacokinetic studies and immunotherapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Shari A. Price
- Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - John T. Skinner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Chunling Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Kazuyo Yamaji-Kegan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Roger A. Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
PURPOSE The current review shows evidence for the role of adipokines in breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis summarizing the mechanisms underlying the association between adipokines and breast malignancy. Special emphasis is given also on intriguing insights into the relationship between obesity and BC as well as on the role of novel adipokines in BC development. RECENT FINDINGS Recent evidence has underscored the role of the triad of obesity, insulin resistance, and adipokines in postmenopausal BC. Adipokines exert independent and joint effects on activation of major intracellular signal networks implicated in BC cell proliferation, growth, survival, invasion, and metastasis, particularly in the context of obesity, considered a systemic endocrine dysfunction characterized by chronic inflammation. To date, more than 10 adipokines have been linked to BC, and this catalog is continuously increasing. The majority of circulating adipokines, such as leptin, resistin, visfatin, apelin, lipocalin 2, osteopontin, and oncostatin M, is elevated in BC, while some adipokines such as adiponectin and irisin (adipo-myokine) are generally decreased in BC and considered protective against breast carcinogenesis. Further evidence from basic and translational research is necessary to delineate the ontological role of adipokines and their interplay in BC pathogenesis. More large-scale clinical and longitudinal studies are awaited to assess their clinical utility in BC prognosis and follow-up. Finally, novel more effective and safer adipokine-centered therapeutic strategies could pave the way for targeted oncotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Microbiology, KAT Hospital, 2 Nikis, Kifisia, 14561, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Spyrou
- 251 Airforce General Hospital, 3 Kanellopoulou, 11525, Athens, Greece
| | - Jona Kadillari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiria Psallida
- Laboratory of Microbiology, KAT Hospital, 2 Nikis, Kifisia, 14561, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
PURPOSE Sepsis has become a global health problem with rising incidence and high mortality, creating a substantial social and economic burden. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcome, but reliable sepsis biomarkers are lacking. This review summarizes current evidence of the pathophysiological mechanisms linking adipose tissue to sepsis and presents experimental and clinical data on adipokines and sepsis along with important insights into the obesity paradox in sepsis survival. RECENT FINDINGS Sepsis is characterized by significant alterations in circulating cytokines and adipokines, biologically active molecules produced by the adipose tissue, being implicated in metabolic and inflammatory processes. Although data are inconclusive regarding classic adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin, recent evidence have highlighted the striking elevation of resistin and visfatin in critical illness and sepsis as well as their association with sepsis severity and outcomes. Given that inflammatory and metabolic pathways are involved in sepsis, studying adipokines presents an attractive, innovative, and promising research field that may provide more powerful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as novel therapeutic targets, empowering the therapeutic armamentarium for sepsis management in order to improve survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Karampela
- Second Department of Critical Care, Attikon General University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini St, Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece.
| | - Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Estienne A, Bongrani A, Reverchon M, Ramé C, Ducluzeau PH, Froment P, Dupont J. Involvement of Novel Adipokines, Chemerin, Visfatin, Resistin and Apelin in Reproductive Functions in Normal and Pathological Conditions in Humans and Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184431. [PMID: 31505789 PMCID: PMC6769682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that adipokines are endocrine factors that are mainly secreted by white adipose tissue. Their central role in energy metabolism is currently accepted. More recently, their involvement in fertility regulation and the development of some reproductive disorders has been suggested. Data concerning the role of leptin and adiponectin, the two most studied adipokines, in the control of the reproductive axis are consistent. In recent years, interest has grown about some novel adipokines, chemerin, visfatin, resistin and apelin, which have been found to be strongly associated with obesity and insulin-resistance. Here, we will review their expression and role in male and female reproduction in humans and animal models. According to accumulating evidence, they could regulate the secretion of GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone), gonadotropins and steroids. Furthermore, their expression and that of their receptors (if known), has been demonstrated in the human and animal hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. Like leptin and adiponectin, these novel adipokines could thus represent metabolic sensors that are able to regulate reproductive functions according to energy balance changes. Therefore, after investigating their role in normal fertility, we will also discuss their possible involvement in some reproductive troubles known to be associated with features of metabolic syndrome, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and intra-uterine growth retardation in women, and sperm abnormalities and testicular pathologies in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Estienne
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Alice Bongrani
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Maxime Reverchon
- SYSAAF-Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, Centre INRA Val de Loire, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Pierre-Henri Ducluzeau
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Internal Medicine Department, Unit of Endocrinology, CHRU Tours, F-37044 Tours, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France.
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lubkowska A, Chudecka M. The Effects of Small-Volume Liposuction Surgery of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Gluteal-Femoral Region on Selected Biochemical Parameters. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E3298. [PMID: 31500356 PMCID: PMC6765828 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Liposuction is becoming an increasingly common procedure of aesthetic surgery, that patients choose to shape the body. Apart from the risks associated with the surgery, one should also consider whether the reduction of adipose tissue can significantly affect the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates and, indirectly, that of bone tissue. The aim of the presented study was to assess the effects of small-volume liposuction surgery in the gluteal-femoral region on the selected markers of carbohydrate, lipid, and bone metabolism. The study included 27 women (40.75 ± 13.67 years of age, BMI = 25.9 ± 4.13 kg/m2) subjected to the removal of 3.35 ± 0.994 L of adipose tissue to shape the body. Following the procedure, significant changes in the body composition and body adiposity indicators were observed in these women. A slight decrease in adiponectin, leptin, resistin and insulin levels and HOMA-IR value was found three months after the procedure. No changes in the lipid profile of the subjects were found. It can be concluded that the removal of a small volume of adipose tissue from the gluteal-femoral region has a slight but positive effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, providing a decreased risk of developing insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54 Str., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Monika Chudecka
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Biometry, Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, al. Piastów 40b/6, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gurlevik U, Ozdamar Erol Y, Yasar E. Serum and vitreous resistin levels in patıents with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 155:107803. [PMID: 31362052 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to investigate the serum and vitreous levels of resistin in patients with the proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and to compare those with age-matched control subjects. METHODS The study included 45 eyes with PDR (group 1) and a control group of 22 (group 2). All eyes underwent vitrectomy surgery. The lipid profile, fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c and resistin levels were investigated in blood samples of all subjects. Complete ophthalmological examinations were evaluated. Vitreous samples were collected from both groups during vitrectomy surgery and resistin levels were investigated in those samples. The results were evaluated using SPSS 9.0 software. RESULTS The demographic characteristics of the diabetic group and the control group were similar (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in respect of mean visual acuity (VA), body mass index (BMI) values, or lipid profiles (p ˃ 0.05). There was no measurable value of resistin in the vitreous samples of all the eyes. The mean blood resistin level was 367 ng/ml in the control group and 387 ng/ml in the study group and the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In the light of the findings of this study, it can be assumed that resistin did not pass through the vitreous at measurable levels. However, the serum resistin levels of the diabetic patients were higher than those of the control group although not statistically significant. Therefore, it can be considered that resistin does not play a major role in retinal neovascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Gurlevik
- Aksaray University, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray Education and Research Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Yasemin Ozdamar Erol
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara Ulucanlar Eye Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdogan Yasar
- Aksaray University, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray Education and Research Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Aksaray, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chauhan S, Dunlap K, Duffy LK. Effects of Methylmercury and Theaflavin Digallate on Adipokines in Mature 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112755. [PMID: 31195622 PMCID: PMC6600166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a contributor to morbidity across the globe and is often associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and other inflammatory diseases associated with aging. In addition to genetic and lifestyle factors, environmental factors such as metals and persistent organic pollutants may increase the severity or lower the threshold of these conditions. In cell culture, methylmercury is toxic to adipocytes and may impact adipokine secretions. In this study, we determined the effects of different concentrations of theaflavin digallate on methylmercury exposed 3T3-L1 adipocytes in cell culture. Secretions of resistin, adiponectin and lipid peroxidation product, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were monitored using ELISA assays. Cell morphology of methylmercury and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate treated adipocytes was assessed using Lipid (Oil Red O) staining. Exposure to methylmercury increased the levels of resistin and adiponectin as well as 4-HNE when compared to the control cells. Methylmercury treated cells resulted in smaller number of adipocytes and clumped lipid droplets. These results suggest that methylmercury induces reactive oxygen species leading to development of an inflammatory response. Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate reduced the impact of methylmercury by maintaining the adipocytes morphology and secretion patterns of adiponectin, resistin and 4-hydroxynonenal. With this experimental model system other anti-inflammatory and signaling agents could be tested at the biochemical level before eventually leading to studies in animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-6160, USA.
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7000, USA.
| | - Kriya Dunlap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-6160, USA.
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7000, USA.
| | - Lawrence K Duffy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-6160, USA.
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7000, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rong B, Feng R, Liu C, Wu Q, Sun C. Reduced delivery of epididymal adipocyte-derived exosomal resistin is essential for melatonin ameliorating hepatic steatosis in mice. J Pineal Res 2019; 66:e12561. [PMID: 30659651 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adipocyte-derived exosomes (Exos) serve as bioinformation-containing messengers in cell-to-cell communications, and numerous reports demonstrate that resistin, an adipokine, is strongly associated with hepatic steatosis and other fatty liver diseases, suggesting that adipose dysfunction-generated altered pattern of exosomal cytokines may contribute to shaping the physiological activities in liver. Admittedly, melatonin-mediated positive effects on various tissues/organs have been respectively reported, but regulatory mechanisms of melatonin on the crosstalk between adipose tissue and liver have been investigated rarely. Overall, we hypothesize that the crosstalk originating from adipose tissue may be another worthy regulatory pathway for melatonin ameliorating of hepatic steatosis. Here, we first found the amount of adipocyte-derived exosomal resistin to be significantly decreased by melatonin supplementation. Compared to mice with ExosHFD or Exosresistin treatment, ExosMT remarkably ameliorated hepatic steatosis. Further test demonstrated that resistin was a pivotal cytokine which repressed phosphorylation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α (pAMPKα Thr172 ) to trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, resulting in hepatic steatosis, whereas ExosMT reversed these risks in hepatocytes. In adipocytes, we identified melatonin to reduce the production of resistin through the brain and muscle arnt-like protein 1 (Bmal1) transcriptional inhibition. Notably, we also confirmed that melatonin enhanced N6 -Methyladenosine (m6 A) RNA demethylation to degrade resistin mRNA in adipocytes. Overall, melatonin decreases traffic volume of adipocyte-generated exosomal resistin from adipocytes to hepatocytes, which further alleviates ER stress-induced hepatic steatosis. Our findings illustrate a novel melatonin-mediated regulatory pathway from adipocytes to hepatocytes, indicating that adipocyte-derived exosome is a new potential target for treating obesity and related hepatorenal syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Rong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruonan Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenlong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Uchiyama T, Itaya-Hironaka A, Yamauchi A, Makino M, Sakuramoto-Tsuchida S, Shobatake R, Ota H, Takeda M, Ohbayashi C, Takasawa S. Intermittent Hypoxia Up-Regulates CCL2, RETN, and TNFα mRNAs in Adipocytes via Down-regulation of miR-452. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081960. [PMID: 31013606 PMCID: PMC6515141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), characterized by recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation and reoxygenation (intermittent hypoxia [IH]), is a risk factor for insulin resistance. Recently, IH is considered to independently cause adipose tissue inflammation/dysfunction, leading to worsening insulin resistance; however, the detailed mechanism remains unknown. We exposed mouse 3T3-L1 and human SW872 adipocytes to experimental IH or normoxia for 24 h, and analyzed mRNA expression of several adipokines. We found that the mRNA levels of RETN, TNFα, and CCL2 in SW872 and 3T3-L1 adipocytes were significantly increased by IH, whereas the promoter activities of these genes were not increased. A target mRNA search of microRNA (miR)s revealed that all human mRNAs have a potential target sequence for miR-452. The miR-452 level of IH-treated cells was significantly decreased compared to normoxia-treated cells. MiR-452 mimic and non-specific control RNA (miR-452 mimic NC) were introduced into SW872 cells, and the IH-induced up-regulation of the genes was abolished by introduction of the miR-452 mimic but not by the miR-452 mimic NC. These results indicate that IH stress down-regulates the miR-452 in adipocytes, resulting in increased levels of RETN, TNFα, and CCL2 mRNAs, leading to insulin resistance in SAS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Uchiyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Asako Itaya-Hironaka
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Akiyo Yamauchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Mai Makino
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | | | - Ryogo Shobatake
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Hiroyo Ota
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Maiko Takeda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, National Hospital Organization Kinki-chuo Chest Medical Center, 1180 Nagasone-cho, Kita-ku, Sakai, Osaka 591-8025, Japan.
| | - Chiho Ohbayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Shin Takasawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and its prevalence is climbing. Obesity is characterized by hypertrophied adipocytes with a dysregulated adipokine secretion profile, increased recruitment of inflammatory cells, and impaired metabolic homeostasis that eventually results in the development of systemic insulin resistance, a phenotype of type 2 diabetes. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is an enzyme that converts L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO), which functions to maintain vascular and adipocyte homeostasis. Arginase is a ureohydrolase enzyme that competes with NOS for L-arginine. Arginase activity/expression is upregulated in obesity, which results in diminished bioavailability of NO, impairing both adipocyte and vascular endothelial cell function. Given the emerging role of NO in the regulation of adipocyte physiology and metabolic capacity, this review explores the interplay between arginase and NO, and their effect on the development of metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-induced metabolic and vascular dysfunction is necessary for the identification of more effective and tailored therapeutic avenues for their prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem T Atawia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Katharine L Bunch
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Haroldo A Toque
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,and Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Ruth B Caldwell
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Robert W Caldwell
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. Augusta, GA 30904,USA,
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Thomalla M, Schmid A, Neumann E, Pfefferle PI, Müller-Ladner U, Schäffler A, Karrasch T. Evidence of an anti-inflammatory toll-like receptor 9 (TLR 9) pathway in adipocytes. J Endocrinol 2019; 240:325-343. [PMID: 30508414 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adipocytes express various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and actively participate in anti-bacterial and anti-viral host defence. Obesity is associated with adipose tissue PRR expression. The potential role of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in adipocytes has not yet been investigated. Here, we evaluated TLR9 expression during adipocyte differentiation (AD) of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, in primary murine adipocytes and in different murine and human adipose tissue depots by real-time PCR, immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry. TLR9 expression was inhibited using specific siRNA-mediated knockdown, and TLR9 signaling was induced using specific class A, B and C agonistic CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) treatment vs ODN controls in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in primary murine adipocytes from Tlr9wt/wt vs Tlr9-/- mice. We found that TLR9 gene expression is induced during AD and that TLR9 protein is expressed in murine gonadal and human visceral adipocytes. AD depends on intact TLR9 expression. Tlr9-/- mice demonstrate significantly reduced adiponectin serum levels, while siRNA-mediated TLR9 knockdown led to reduced adiponectin mRNA expression in adipocytes. TLR9 ligands (CpG-ODNs) inhibit pro-inflammatory resistin secretion in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Tlr9-/- as compared to Tlr9wt/wt adipocytes exhibit increased resistin and MCP1 secretion and reduced adiponectin secretion into cell culture supernatants, while TLR9 ligands (ODNs) show differential effects in Tlr9-/- vs Tlr9wt/wt primary murine adipocytes. TLR9 expression is significantly increased in visceral compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue depots in non-diabetic obese patients and correlates with systemic resistin levels in a compartment-specific manner. Thus, adipocytic TLR9 is a putative, new protective factor during (obesity-associated) adipose tissue inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Thomalla
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmid
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elena Neumann
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Petra Ina Pfefferle
- Comprehensive Biomaterial Bank Marburg (CBBMR), Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Müller-Ladner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Giessen and Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Schäffler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Karrasch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kapłon-Cieślicka A, Tymińska A, Rosiak M, Ozierański K, Peller M, Eyileten C, Kondracka A, Pordzik J, Mirowska-Guzel D, Opolski G, Postuła M, Filipiak KJ. Resistin is a prognostic factor for death in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3098. [PMID: 30447052 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association of leptin, resistin, and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) with prognosis in type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Analysis included 284 T2D patients. Apart from routine laboratory parameters, baseline leptin, resistin, and TNF-α concentrations were measured. Patients were followed for a median of 5.4 years. The primary endpoint was all-cause death at follow-up. The secondary endpoint was a composite of death, acute coronary syndrome, and stroke or transient ischemic attack. RESULTS At baseline, median age was 68 years, and 48% of patients were female. Data on the primary endpoint were obtained for all patients: 32 (11%) died during follow-up. Data on the secondary endpoint were available for 230 patients, of whom 45 (20%) reached the secondary endpoint. In univariate analyses, older age, heart failure, lower-glomerular filtration rate, and higher resistin, TNF-α and NT-proBNP concentrations were predictors of the study endpoints. Of these variables, only resistin remained an independent predictor of both study endpoints in multivariate models. In receiver-operating characteristic analysis, area under the curve for resistin was 0.7. Resistin concentration of greater than or equal to 11.4 ng/mL had sensitivity of 41% and specificity of 91% for prediction of death at follow-up (Youden's index). CONCLUSIONS Higher resistin is associated with reduced survival in T2D, irrespectively of TNF-α. Resistin concentration of above 11 ng/mL indicates T2D patients at an increased risk of unfavourable outcomes. Leptin was not a prognostic factor. These results suggest that in T2D, association of resistin with unfavourable outcomes might, at least in part, result from its pro-inflammatory properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Agata Tymińska
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Rosiak
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Central Clinical Hospital, the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Ozierański
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Peller
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kondracka
- Department of Internal Diseases and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Pordzik
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Opolski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Postuła
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J Filipiak
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Joshi A, Maddipati S, Chatterjee A, Lihala R, Gupta A. Gingival crevicular fluid resistin levels in chronic periodontitis with type 2 diabetes before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy: A clinico-biochemical study. Indian J Dent Res 2019; 30:47-51. [PMID: 30900656 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_215_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus share a bidirectional relationship. Resistin is an adipocytokine shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hence, the present study aims to estimate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on GCF resistin levels in healthy individuals with gingivitis and well controlled diabetics with periodontitis, and correlate the same with HbA1c levels of the diabetic subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was a comparative interventional trial set in Department of Periodontics, the Oxford Dental College, Bangalore. Forty subjects participated in the study and were divided into two groups; group I (healthy individuals with gingivitis) and group II (diabetic individuals with mild to moderate periodontitis). Periodontal parameters were assessed and GCF was collected and analysed for resistin before and 3 months after NSPT. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS All the analysis was done using SPSS version 18. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A significant difference was observed in GCF resistin concentrations between the two groups at baseline, wherein group II had significantly higher values. Following NSPT, there was a significant reduction in GCF resistin concentrations in both the groups, however intergroup comparison showed no difference in the amount of reduction. When all samples were analysed together, no significant correlation could be found between resistin and the parameters assessed. CONCLUSION Resistin levels are increased in diabetes related periodontitis. However, post treatment a similar response can be seen between healthy and well controlled diabetics. Hence, resistin can be used as an inflammatory biomarker for diabetes related periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astha Joshi
- Department of Periodontics, Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreedevi Maddipati
- Department of Periodontics, Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Anirban Chatterjee
- Department of Periodontics, Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ratika Lihala
- Department of Periodontics, Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ankita Gupta
- Department of Periodontics, Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|