1
|
Devère M, Takhlidjt S, Prévost G, Chartrel N, Leprince J, Picot M. The 26RFa (QRFP)/GPR103 neuropeptidergic system: A key regulator of energy and glucose metabolism. Neuroendocrinology 2024:000538629. [PMID: 38599200 DOI: 10.1159/000538629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and type 2 diabetes are strongly associated pathologies, currently considered as a worldwide epidemic problem. Understanding the mechanisms that drive the development of these diseases would enable to develop new therapeutic strategies for their prevention and treatment. Particularly, the role of the brain in the energy and glucose homeostasis has been studied for two decades. In specific, the hypothalamus contains well-identified neural networks regulating appetite and potentially also glucose homeostasis. A new concept has thus emerged, suggesting that obesity and diabetes could be due to a dysfunction of the same, still poorly understood, neural networks. SUMMARY The neuropeptide 26RFa (also termed QRFP) belongs to the family of RFamide regulatory peptides and has been identified as the endogenous ligand of the human G protein-coupled receptor GPR103 (QRFPR). The primary structure of 26RFa is strongly conserved during vertebrate evolution, suggesting its crucial roles in the control of vital functions. Indeed, the 26RFa/GPR103 peptidergic system is reported to be involved in the control of various neuroendocrine functions, notably the control of energy metabolism in which it plays an important role, both centrally and peripherally, since 26RFa regulates feeding behavior, thermogenesis and lipogenesis. Moreover, 26RFa is reported to control glucose homeostasis both peripherally, where it acts as an incretin, and centrally, where the 26RFa/GPR103 system relays insulin signaling in the brain to control glucose metabolism. KEY MESSAGES This review gives a comprehensive overview of the role of the 26RFa/GPR103 system as a key player in the control of energy and glucose metabolism. In pathophysiological context, this neuropeptidergic system represents a prime therapeutic target whose mechanisms are highly relevant to decipher.
Collapse
|
2
|
Seifinejad A, Ramosaj M, Shan L, Li S, Possovre ML, Pfister C, Fronczek R, Garrett-Sinha LA, Frieser D, Honda M, Arribat Y, Grepper D, Amati F, Picot M, Agnoletto A, Iseli C, Chartrel N, Liblau R, Lammers GJ, Vassalli A, Tafti M. Epigenetic silencing of selected hypothalamic neuropeptides in narcolepsy with cataplexy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2220911120. [PMID: 37126681 PMCID: PMC10175817 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2220911120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Narcolepsy with cataplexy is a sleep disorder caused by deficiency in the hypothalamic neuropeptide hypocretin/orexin (HCRT), unanimously believed to result from autoimmune destruction of hypocretin-producing neurons. HCRT deficiency can also occur in secondary forms of narcolepsy and be only temporary, suggesting it can occur without irreversible neuronal loss. The recent discovery that narcolepsy patients also show loss of hypothalamic (corticotropin-releasing hormone) CRH-producing neurons suggests that other mechanisms than cell-specific autoimmune attack, are involved. Here, we identify the HCRT cell-colocalized neuropeptide QRFP as the best marker of HCRT neurons. We show that if HCRT neurons are ablated in mice, in addition to Hcrt, Qrfp transcript is also lost in the lateral hypothalamus, while in mice where only the Hcrt gene is inactivated Qrfp is unchanged. Similarly, postmortem hypothalamic tissues of narcolepsy patients show preserved QRFP expression, suggesting the neurons are present but fail to actively produce HCRT. We show that the promoter of the HCRT gene of patients exhibits hypermethylation at a methylation-sensitive and evolutionary-conserved PAX5:ETS1 transcription factor-binding site, suggesting the gene is subject to transcriptional silencing. We show also that in addition to HCRT, CRH and Dynorphin (PDYN) gene promoters, exhibit hypermethylation in the hypothalamus of patients. Altogether, we propose that HCRT, PDYN, and CRH are epigenetically silenced by a hypothalamic assault (inflammation) in narcolepsy patients, without concurrent cell death. Since methylation is reversible, our findings open the prospect of reversing or curing narcolepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Seifinejad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mergim Ramosaj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ling Shan
- Sleep-Wake Centre Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, 2103SW Heemstede, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam 1105 BA, The Netherlands
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Laure Possovre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Pfister
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Fronczek
- Sleep-Wake Centre Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, 2103SW Heemstede, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lee A Garrett-Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-1660
| | - David Frieser
- Infinity-Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Makoto Honda
- Sleep Disorders Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 156-8506 Tokyo, Japan
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Seiwa Hospital, 162-0851, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoan Arribat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dogan Grepper
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Amati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Picot
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Andrea Agnoletto
- Institut Suisse de Recherche Expérimentale sur le Cancer, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Iseli
- Bioinformatic Competence Center, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Roland Liblau
- Infinity-Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Gert J Lammers
- Sleep-Wake Centre Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, 2103SW Heemstede, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Vassalli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Tafti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Le Solliec MA, Arabo A, Takhlidjt S, Maucotel J, Devère M, Berrahmoune H, Bénani A, Nedelec E, Lefranc B, Leprince J, Picot M, Chartrel N, Prévost G. Interactions between the regulatory peptide 26RFa (QRFP) and insulin in the regulation of glucose homeostasis in two complementary models: The high fat 26RFa-deficient mice and the streptozotocin insulin-deficient mice. Neuropeptides 2023; 98:102326. [PMID: 36791581 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The regulatory peptide 26RFa (QRFP) is involved in the control of glucose homeostasis at the periphery by acting as an incretin, and in the brain by mediating the central antihyperglycemic effect of insulin, indicating the occurrence of a close relationship between 26RFa and insulin in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Here, we investigated the physiological interactions between 26RFa and insulin in two complementary models i.e. a model of obese/hyperglycemic mice deficient for 26RFa and a model of diabetic mice deficient for insulin. For this, transgenic 26RFa-deficient mice were made obese and chronically hyperglycemic by a 3-month high fat diet (HFD) and second group of mice was made diabetic by destruction of the β cells of the pancreatic islets using a single injection of streptozotocin. Our data reveal that 26RFa deficiency does not impact significantly the "glycemic" phenotype of the HFD mice. The pancreatic islets, liver, white adipose tissue masses are not altered by the lack of 26RFa production but the brown adipose tissue (BAT) weight is significantly increased in these animals. In diabetic insulin-deficient mice, the injection of 26RFa does not exhibit any beneficial effect on the impaired glucose homeostasis characterizing this model. Finally, we show that streptozotocin diabetic mice display lowered plasma 26RFa levels as compared to untreated mice, whereas the expression of the peptide in the duodenum is not affected. Taken together, the present results indicate that dysregulation of glucose homeostasis in obese/hyperglycemic mice is not aggravated by the absence of 26RFa that may be compensated by the increase of BAT mass. In diabetic insulin-deficient mice, the antihypergycemic effect of 26RFa is totally blunted probably as a result of the impaired insulin production characterizing this model, avoiding therefore the action of the peptide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM US 31, CNRS UAR 2026, HeRacLeS, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Saloua Takhlidjt
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Julie Maucotel
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM US 31, CNRS UAR 2026, HeRacLeS, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Mélodie Devère
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Hind Berrahmoune
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Alexandre Bénani
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nedelec
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France; Univ Rouen Normandie, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN), F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France; Univ Rouen Normandie, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN), F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marie Picot
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM UMR 1239, NorDiC, F-76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Gaëtan Prévost
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1239, CHU Rouen, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and metabolic diseases, F-76000 Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
El Mehdi M, Takhlidjt S, Devère M, Arabo A, Le Solliec MA, Maucotel J, Bénani A, Nedelec E, Duparc C, Lefranc B, Leprince J, Anouar Y, Prévost G, Chartrel N, Picot M. The 26RFa (QRFP)/GPR103 neuropeptidergic system in mice relays insulin signalling into the brain to regulate glucose homeostasis. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1198-1211. [PMID: 35476025 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS 26RFa (pyroglutamilated RFamide peptide [QRFP]) is a biologically active peptide that regulates glucose homeostasis by acting as an incretin and by increasing insulin sensitivity at the periphery. 26RFa is also produced by a neuronal population localised in the hypothalamus. In this study we investigated whether 26RFa neurons are involved in the hypothalamic regulation of glucose homeostasis. METHODS 26Rfa+/+, 26Rfa-/- and insulin-deficient male C57Bl/6J mice were used in this study. Mice received an acute intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of 26RFa, insulin or the 26RFa receptor (GPR103) antagonist 25e and were subjected to IPGTTs, insulin tolerance tests, acute glucose-stimulated insulin secretion tests and pyruvate tolerance tests (PTTs). Secretion of 26RFa by hypothalamic explants after incubation with glucose, leptin or insulin was assessed. Expression and quantification of the genes encoding 26RFa, agouti-related protein, the insulin receptor and GPR103 were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and RNAscope in situ hybridisation. RESULTS Our data indicate that i.c.v.-injected 26RFa induces a robust antihyperglycaemic effect associated with an increase in insulin production by the pancreatic islets. In addition, we found that insulin strongly stimulates 26Rfa expression and secretion by the hypothalamus. RNAscope experiments revealed that neurons expressing 26Rfa are mainly localised in the lateral hypothalamic area, that they co-express the gene encoding the insulin receptor and that insulin induces the expression of 26Rfa in these neurons. Concurrently, the central antihyperglycaemic effect of insulin is abolished in the presence of a GPR103 antagonist and in 26RFa-deficient mice. Finally, our data indicate that the hypothalamic 26RFa neurons are not involved in the central inhibitory effect of insulin on hepatic glucose production, but mediate the central effects of the hormone on its own peripheral production. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION We have identified a novel mechanism in the hypothalamic regulation of glucose homeostasis, the 26RFa/GPR103 system, and we provide evidence that this neuronal peptidergic system is a key relay for the central regulation of glucose metabolism by insulin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mouna El Mehdi
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Saloua Takhlidjt
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Mélodie Devère
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- Department of Biological Resources (SRB), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Anne Le Solliec
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Julie Maucotel
- Department of Biological Resources (SRB), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Alexandre Bénani
- Centre for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nedelec
- Centre for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Céline Duparc
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
- Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
- Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Gaëtan Prévost
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France.
| | - Marie Picot
- Inserm, U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Le Solliec MA, Arabo A, Takhlidjt S, Maucotel J, Devère M, Riancho J, Berrahmoune H, do Rego JL, do Rego JC, Bénani A, Nedelec E, Lefranc B, Leprince J, Anouar Y, Picot M, Chartrel N, Prévost G. Acute but Not Chronic Central Administration of the Neuropeptide 26RFa (QRFP) Improves Glucose Homeostasis in Obese/Diabetic Mice. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 112:1104-1115. [PMID: 35093951 DOI: 10.1159/000522287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study is to investigate whether acute or chronic central administration of the hypothalamic neuropeptide 26RFa may ameliorate the glycemic control of obese/diabetic mice. METHODS Mice were treated for 4 months with a high-fat (HF) diet and received a single i.c.v. injection of 26RFa (3 µg) or a chronic i.c.v. administration of the peptide during 28 days via osmotic minipumps (25 µg/day). i.p. and oral glucose (GLU) tolerance tests, insulin (INS) tolerance test, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), food/water intake, horizontal/vertical activity, energy expenditure, meal pattern, and whole-body composition were monitored. In addition, 26RFa and GPR103 mRNA expressions as well as plasma 26RFa levels were evaluated by RT-QPCR and radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Acute administration of 26RFa in HF mice induced a robust antihyperglycemic effect by enhancing INS secretion, whereas chronic administration of the neuropeptide is unable to improve glucose homeostasis in these obese/diabetogenic conditions. By contrast, chronic 26RFa treatment induced an increase of the body weight accompanied with an enhanced food intake and a decreased energy expenditure. Finally, we show that the HF diet does not alter the hypothalamic expression of the 26RFa/GPR103 neuropeptidergic system nor the levels of circulating 26RFa. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the central beneficial effect of 26RFa on glucose homeostasis, by potentiating GSIS, is preserved in HF mice. However, chronic administration of the neuropeptide is unable to balance glycemia in these pathophysiological conditions, suggesting that the hypothalamic 26RFa/GPR103 neuropeptidergic system mainly affects short-term regulation of glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne Le Solliec
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Department of Biological Resources (SRB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Saloua Takhlidjt
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Julie Maucotel
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Department of Biological Resources (SRB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Mélodie Devère
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Julien Riancho
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Hind Berrahmoune
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Luc do Rego
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Animal Behaviour Platform SCAC, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Claude do Rego
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Animal Behaviour Platform SCAC, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Alexandre Bénani
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nedelec
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), AgroSup Dijon, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
- Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
- Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Marie Picot
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Gaëtan Prévost
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Normandie University, Rouen, France
- Department of Endocrinology, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Martin A, Nogue E, Morell M, Reynes J, Le Moing V, Picot M, Makinson A. Suivi ambulatoire des patients COVID-19 via l’application MH LINK. Infect Dis Now 2021. [PMCID: PMC8327583 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2021.06.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Les études descriptives initiales sur la COVID-19 se sont concentrées sur les formes graves des personnes hospitalisées. Les données sont plus rares concernant les formes ambulatoires, ainsi que leur évolution à long terme. Nous décrivons ici les symptômes et leur persistance dans une cohorte de patients ambulatoires COVID-19. Matériels et méthodes Notre hôpital universitaire a utilisé un logiciel de télémédecine (MH LINK) comme moyen de surveillance des patients ambulatoires atteints de la COVID-19. Nous avons suivi grâce à ce logiciel 129 patients avec un diagnostic de la COVID-19 confirmé par prélèvement PCR nasopharyngé entre le 29/022020 et le 18/05/2020. Des auto-questionnaires ont été remplis en ligne, après recueil des antécédents et des données sociodémographiques, pour surveiller la survenue de symptômes respiratoires (fréquence respiratoire, température, essoufflement au repos, essoufflement à l’effort, fatigue, goût, odorat, mal de gorge, douleur thoracique et brûlure thoracique). Résultats La population décrite était de 87 femmes (67 %) et 42 hommes (33 %), avec une médiane d’âge de 42,2 ans. Vingt-huit personnes (24 %) étaient en surpoids dont 19 (16 %) obèses (IMC > 30), 15 (11,6 %) étaient immunodéprimés, 20 (15,5 %) avaient des troubles respiratoires chroniques préexistants, 3 (2,3 %) des antécédents cardiovasculaires, 5 étaient diabétiques, 12 avaient une hypertension artérielle et 2 une dyslipidémie. Les 129 patients ont été suivis initialement sur MH Link pendant une médiane de 31 jours (écart interquartile : 24–33 jours) à partir du j0 de leur diagnostic. Neufs personnes (8 %) ont été hospitalisées. Après évaluation le 13/07/2020, les 129 personnes ont été contactées par téléphone afin d’évaluer leur évolution clinique. Cinquante-cinq (42,3 %) d’entre elles n’étaient plus symptomatiques et étaient considérées guéries. Une personne était décédée. Dix-sept (13,1 %) personnes n’avaient pas répondu. Cinquante-six (43,08 %) étaient encore symptomatiques à la réévaluation (asthénie intense, n = 14 ; anosmie/agueusie, n = 21, symptômes respiratoires, n = 15, anxiété/dépression n = 5, céphalées n = 6, atteinte cutanée, n = 3). Conclusion Dans cette cohorte de personnes COVID-19 jeunes, la fréquence de l’hospitalisation était de 8 %. La persistance d’une symptomatologie était fréquente plusieurs semaines après leur COVID-19. Un suivi au long cours, y compris des formes non hospitalisées, semble nécessaire.
Collapse
|
7
|
Olié E, Nogue E, Picot M, Courtet P. Hospitalizations for suicide attempt during the first COVID-19 lockdown in France. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2021; 143:535-536. [PMID: 33740254 PMCID: PMC8250776 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Olié
- IGFCNRS, INSERMUniv. MontpellierMontpellierFrance,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute CareLapeyronie HospitalCHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance,FondaMental FoundationCréteilFrance
| | - Erika Nogue
- Departement InformationMédicale CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Marie Picot
- Departement InformationMédicale CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Philippe Courtet
- IGFCNRS, INSERMUniv. MontpellierMontpellierFrance,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute CareLapeyronie HospitalCHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance,FondaMental FoundationCréteilFrance
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Villerabel C, Makinson A, Jaussent A, Picot M, Nègre-Pagès L, Morquin D, Reynes J, Le Moing V, Tuaillon E, Venail F. Dépistage de la COVID-19 : valeurs diagnostiques d’une anosmie rapportée ou objectivée par un test clinique. Med Mal Infect 2020. [PMCID: PMC7442001 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Des études européennes suggèrent que l’anosmie est fortement associée à l’infection par SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Cependant, dans ces études, les patients étaient sélectionnés et évalués après diagnostic, sans groupe contrôle, et les troubles olfactifs étaient rapportés sans évaluation clinique. Dans cette étude nous avons évalué la valeur diagnostique de l’anosmie rapportée et de l’anosmie objectivée par un test olfactif standardisé avant prélèvement dans un centre de dépistage du SARS-CoV-2. Matériels et méthodes Étude diagnostique proposée de façon consécutive à tout adulte se présentant pour un prélèvement diagnostique par RT-PCR nasopharyngé au centre de dépistage ambulatoire du SARS-CoV-2 du CHU entre le 23 mars et le 22 avril 2020. Les critères de non-inclusion étaient un antécédent de troubles olfactifs, une indication d’hospitalisation, une barrière de la langue, des troubles cognitifs, et une grossesse ou un allaitement en cours. Les personnes répondaient à un questionnaire syndromique, puis réalisaient un examen olfactif standardisé à l’aide de trois bandelettes imprégnées de 5 microlitres d’huiles essentielles (lavande, citronnelle et menthe poivrée). Un score basé sur la reconnaissance et l’intensité des odeurs variait de 0 (anosmie totale) à 6 (normosmie). Les personnes avec un score olfactif < 4 étaient considérées anosmiques. Le prélèvement nasopharyngé était ensuite réalisé. Les valeurs de sensibilité et de spécificité de l’anosmie rapportée ou objectivée étaient calculées par rapport au diagnostic de COVID-19 confirmé par RT-PCR. Résultats L’étude a été proposée à 854 personnes ; 809 personnes ont été incluses, dont 754 soignants. L’âge moyen était de 42 ans (±13vans), et 596 (74 %) des personnes étaient des femmes. Cinquante-huit (7,2 %) personnes ont été testées positives pour le SARS-CoV-2. Trente-huit personnes rapportaient une anosmie (4,7 % ; 38/809), 38 personnes un score d’anosmie clinique < 4, et 19 personnes les deux à la fois. La prévalence de l’anosmie rapportée ou objectivée par l’examen clinique était de 39,7 % (n = 23/58) chez les cas de COVID-19 confirmées. Les valeurs de sensibilité de l’anosmie rapportée et clinique étaient de 0,31 [IC95 % : 0,20–0,45] et 0,34 [0,22–0,48], et de spécificité 0,97 [0,96–0,98] et 0,98 [0,96–0,99] respectivement. Les valeurs prédictives positives de l’anosmie rapportée et clinique étaient de 0,47 [0,31–0,64] et 0,53 [0,36–0,69] respectivement, et les valeurs prédictives négatives identiques de 0,95 [0,93–0,96]. Sur les 19 personnes ayant à la fois une anosmie rapportée et clinique, 18 avaient la COVID-19. Conclusion Dans cette population de patients dépistés en ambulatoire pour une COVID-19 asymptomatique ou modérée et chez qui l’anosmie a été recherchée avant tout test virologique de SARS-CoV-2, les prévalences de l’anosmie rapportée ou clinique étaient faibles avec des discordances fréquentes. L’anosmie est un signe peu sensible mais cependant très spécifique de la maladie. La présence d’anosmie selon les deux méthodes était associée à une forte probabilité de maladie COVID-19.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bistoquet M, Hermabessiere S, Villard O, Marin G, Montoya A, Feirreira R, Picot M, Tuaillon E, Galtier F, Makinson A. Évaluer l’efficacité des mesures barrières pour limiter la transmission nosocomiale du SARS-CoV-2 : étude EMBELLIE. Med Mal Infect 2020. [PMCID: PMC7441930 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction La pandémie de COVID-19 a justifié, à partir du 17 mars 2020, l’instauration d’un confinement en France. Le personnel soignant a été rapidement identifié à risque d’infection du SARS-CoV-2, imposant des mesures barrières adaptées aux types d’exposition vis-à-vis des patients et des personnels de santé. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la séroprévalence des infections COVID-19 chez des personnels de santé ayant différents niveaux d’exposition au SARS-CoV-2. Matériels et méthodes Étude monocentrique et transversale comparant la séroprévalence du COVID-19 auprès de trois groupes de personnels de santé de notre CHU travaillant dans une unité COVID (fortement exposés), non COVID (faiblement exposés) et sans contact patients (non exposés). Le dépistage sérologique a été proposé au personnel soignant sur la base d’une information généralisée dans chacun des services présélectionnés. Le critère de jugement principal était la présence d’anticorps par test sérologique satisfaisant aux critères de performances de la HAS (ID Screen® SARS-CoV-2-N IgG Indirect [ID.Vet]). Pour l’ensemble des cas positifs, une enquête individuelle a tenté de déterminer l’origine professionnelle ou non de l’infection. Le nombre de sujets à inclure était estimé à 156 par groupe sur la base d’une séroprévalence estimée à 7 % ± 4 %. Les prévalences ont été comparées entre les trois groupes à l’aide d’un test exact de Fisher. Afin d’ajuster sur l’âge, le sexe et la profession (médecin/interne, paramédical ou autre), une régression logistique a été réalisée. Résultats Entre le 21 avril et le 3 juin 2020, 647 personnes ont été incluses dans l’étude : 261 dans le groupe exposé, 227 dans le groupe faiblement exposé et 159 dans le groupe non exposé. L’âge médian était de 36 ans (écart interquartile [EIQ] : 29–47), 496 (76 %) étaient des femmes. Dix personnes présentaient des IgG anti-nucléocapisdes du SARS-CoV-2 dans le groupe exposé, deux chez les faiblement exposés et une chez les non-exposés, soit des prévalences respectives pour chaque groupe de 3,91 %, 0,88 % et 0,63 % (p = 0,022, test exact Fisher). Après ajustement sur l’âge, le sexe et la profession, le fait d’être fortement exposé était toujours significativement associé à une sérologie positive (odds ratio = 4,43 [intervalle de confiance à 95 % = 1,15–17,06] [p = 0,031]). Après enquête, 7 des 13 cas avec des sérologies positives étaient d’acquisition probablement professionnelle. Conclusion L’étude mets en évidence un risque d’infection professionnelle du SARS-CoV-2 dans un contexte de faible incidence régionale du COVID-19 en population générale. Cependant, la séroprévalence SARS-CoV-2 est très faible chez les personnels de santé travaillant en secteur COVID, et souvent d’acquisition extrahospitalière. Les mesures barrières ont donc permis de fortement limiter la transmission nosocomiale. Nos résultats sont à interpréter avec précaution en raison de biais d’échantillonnage possible.
Collapse
|
10
|
El-Mehdi M, Takhlidjt S, Khiar F, Prévost G, do Rego JL, do Rego JC, Benani A, Nedelec E, Godefroy D, Arabo A, Lefranc B, Leprince J, Anouar Y, Chartrel N, Picot M. Glucose homeostasis is impaired in mice deficient in the neuropeptide 26RFa (QRFP). BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000942. [PMID: 32114486 PMCID: PMC7050347 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 26RFa (pyroglutamyl RFamide peptide (QRFP)) is a biologically active peptide that has been found to control feeding behavior by stimulating food intake, and to regulate glucose homeostasis by acting as an incretin. The aim of the present study was thus to investigate the impact of 26RFa gene knockout on the regulation of energy and glucose metabolism. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS 26RFa mutant mice were generated by homologous recombination, in which the entire coding region of prepro26RFa was replaced by the iCre sequence. Energy and glucose metabolism was evaluated through measurement of complementary parameters. Morphological and physiological alterations of the pancreatic islets were also investigated. RESULTS Our data do not reveal significant alteration of energy metabolism in the 26RFa-deficient mice except the occurrence of an increased basal metabolic rate. By contrast, 26RFa mutant mice exhibited an altered glycemic phenotype with an increased hyperglycemia after a glucose challenge associated with an impaired insulin production, and an elevated hepatic glucose production. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional immunohistochemical experiments indicate that the insulin content of pancreatic β cells is much lower in the 26RFa-/- mice as compared with the wild-type littermates. CONCLUSION Disruption of the 26RFa gene induces substantial alteration in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, with in particular a deficit in insulin production by the pancreatic islets. These findings further support the notion that 26RFa is an important regulator of glucose homeostasis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Prévost G, Picot M, Le Solliec MA, Arabo A, Berrahmoune H, El Mehdi M, Cherifi S, Benani A, Nédélec E, Gobet F, Brunel V, Leprince J, Lefebvre H, Anouar Y, Chartrel N. The neuropeptide 26RFa in the human gut and pancreas: potential involvement in glucose homeostasis. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:941-951. [PMID: 31234144 PMCID: PMC6612231 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies performed in mice revealed that the neuropeptide 26RFa regulates glucose homeostasis by acting as an incretin and by increasing insulin sensitivity. However, in humans, an association between 26RFa and the regulation of glucose homeostasis is poorly documented. In this study, we have thus investigated in detail the distribution of 26RFa and its receptor, GPR103, in the gut and the pancreas, and determined the response of this peptidergic system to an oral glucose challenge in obese patients. DESIGN AND METHODS Distribution of 26RFa and GPR103 was examined by immunohistochemistry using gut and pancreas tissue sections. Circulating 26RFa was determined using a specific radioimmunoassay in plasma samples collected during an oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS 26RFa and GPR103 are present all along the gut but are more abundant in the stomach and duodenum. In the stomach, the peptide and its receptor are highly expressed in the gastric glands, whereas in the duodenum, ileum and colon they are present in the enterocytes and the goblet cells. In the pancreatic islets, the 26RFa/GPR103 system is mostly present in the β cells. During an oral glucose tolerance test, plasma 26RFa profile is different between obese patients and healthy volunteers, and we found strong positive correlations between 26RFa blood levels and the BMI, and with various parameters of insulin secretion and insulin resistance. CONCLUSION The present data suggest an involvement of the 26RFa/GPR103 peptidergic system in the control of human glucose homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Prévost
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-CRB)-INSERM 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
- Correspondence should be addressed to G Prévost:
| | - Marie Picot
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Anne Le Solliec
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
| | - Hind Berrahmoune
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-CRB)-INSERM 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Mouna El Mehdi
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
| | - Saloua Cherifi
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon , France
| | - Emmanuelle Nédélec
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon , France
| | - Françoise Gobet
- Department of Anatomopathophysiology, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Valéry Brunel
- Department of Biochemistry, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
| | - Hervé Lefebvre
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-CRB)-INSERM 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N), Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Prévost G, Arabo A, Le Solliec MA, Bons J, Picot M, Maucotel J, Berrahmoune H, El Mehdi M, Cherifi S, Benani A, Nédélec E, Coëffier M, Leprince J, Nordqvist A, Brunel V, Déchelotte P, Lefebvre H, Anouar Y, Chartrel N. Neuropeptide 26RFa (QRFP) is a key regulator of glucose homeostasis and its activity is markedly altered in obese/hyperglycemic mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E147-E157. [PMID: 31084498 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00540.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the hypothalamic neuropeptide 26RFa regulates glucose homeostasis by acting as an incretin and increasing insulin sensitivity. In this study, we further characterized the role of the 26RFa/GPR103 peptidergic system in the global regulation of glucose homeostasis using a 26RFa receptor antagonist and also assessed whether a dysfunction of the 26RFa/GPR103 system occurs in obese hyperglycemic mice. First, we demonstrate that administration of the GPR103 antagonist reduces the global glucose-induced incretin effect and insulin sensitivity whereas, conversely, administration of exogenous 26RFa attenuates glucose-induced hyperglycemia. Using a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia, we found a loss of the antihyperglcemic effect and insulinotropic activity of 26RFa, accompanied with a marked reduction of its insulin-sensitive effect. Interestingly, this resistance to 26RFa is associated with a downregulation of the 26RFa receptor in the pancreatic islets, and insulin target tissues. Finally, we observed that the production and release kinetics of 26RFa after an oral glucose challenge is profoundly altered in the high-fat mice. Altogether, the present findings support the view that 26RFa is a key regulator of glucose homeostasis whose activity is markedly altered under obese/hyperglycemic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Prévost
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Rouen , France
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
| | - Marie-Anne Le Solliec
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
| | - Justine Bons
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Rouen , France
| | - Marie Picot
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
| | - Julie Maucotel
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
| | - Hind Berrahmoune
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Rouen , France
| | - Mouna El Mehdi
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
| | - Saloua Cherifi
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté , Dijon , France
| | - Emmanuelle Nédélec
- Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour, CNRS (UMR6265), INRA (UMR1324), Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté , Dijon , France
| | - Moïse Coëffier
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1073 Nutrition, Inflammation and dysfunction of gut-brain axis, Rouen , France
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Nutrition , Rouen , France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
| | - Anneli Nordqvist
- Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Mölndal , Sweden
| | - Valéry Brunel
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Biochemistry , Rouen , France
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1073 Nutrition, Inflammation and dysfunction of gut-brain axis, Rouen , France
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Nutrition , Rouen , France
| | - Hervé Lefebvre
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Rouen , France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication (DC2N) , Rouen , France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alim K, Lefranc B, Sopkova-de Oliveira Santos J, Dubessy C, Picot M, Boutin JA, Vaudry H, Chartrel N, Vaudry D, Chuquet J, Leprince J. Design, Synthesis, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Functional Evaluation of a Novel Series of 26RFa Peptide Analogues Containing a Mono- or Polyalkyl Guanidino Arginine Derivative. J Med Chem 2018; 61:10185-10197. [PMID: 30358997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
26RFa, the endogenous QRFPR ligand, is implicated in several physiological and pathological conditions such as the regulation of glucose homeostasis and bone mineralization; hence, QRFPR ligands display therapeutic potential. At the molecular level, functional interaction occurs between residues Arg25 of 26RFa and Gln125 of QRFPR. We have designed 26RFa(20-26) analogues incorporating arginine derivatives modified by alkylated substituents. We found that the Arg25 side chain length was necessary to retain the activity of 26RFa(20-26) and that N-monoalkylation of arginine was accommodated by the QRFPR active site. In particular, [(Me)ωArg25]26RFa(20-26) (5b, LV-2186) appeared to be 25-fold more potent than 26RFa(20-26) and displayed a position in a QRFPR homology model slightly different to that of the unmodified heptapeptide. Other peptides were less potent than 26RFa(20-26), exhibited partial agonistic activity, or were totally inactive in accordance to different ligand-bound structures. In vivo, [(Me)ωArg25]26RFa(20-26) exerted a delayed 26RFa-like hypoglycemic effect. Finally, N-methyl substituted arginine-containing peptides represent lead compounds for further development of QRFPR agonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karima Alim
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | | | - Christophe Dubessy
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Marie Picot
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Jean A Boutin
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier , 50 rue Carnot , 92150 Suresnes , France
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - David Vaudry
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Julien Chuquet
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France.,Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN) , Normandy University , 76000 Rouen , France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Trebak F, Dubuc I, Arabo A, Alaoui A, Boukhzar L, Maucotel J, Picot M, Cherifi S, Duparc C, Leprince J, Prévost G, Anouar Y, Magoul R, Chartrel N. A potential role for the secretogranin II-derived peptide EM66 in the hypothalamic regulation of feeding behaviour. J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 29. [PMID: 28166374 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
EM66 is a conserved 66-amino acid peptide derived from secretogranin II (SgII), a member of the granin protein family. EM66 is widely distributed in secretory granules of endocrine and neuroendocrine cells, as well as in hypothalamic neurones. Although EM66 is abundant in the hypothalamus, its physiological function remains to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate a possible involvement of EM66 in the hypothalamic regulation of feeding behaviour. We show that i.c.v. administration of EM66 induces a drastic dose-dependent inhibition of food intake in mice deprived of food for 18 hours, which is associated with an increase of hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and melanocortin-3 receptor mRNA levels and c-Fos immunoreactivity in the POMC neurones of the arcuate nucleus. By contrast, i.c.v. injection of EM66 does not alter the hypothalamic expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), or that of its Y1 and Y5 receptors. A 3-month high-fat diet (HFD) leads to an important decrease of POMC and SgII mRNA levels in the hypothalamus, whereas NPY gene expression is not affected. Finally, we show that a 48 hours of fasting in HFD mice decreases the expression of POMC and SgII mRNA, which is not observed in mice fed a standard chow. Taken together, the present findings support the view that EM66 is a novel anorexigenic neuropeptide regulating hypothalamic feeding behaviour, at least in part, by activating the POMC neurones of the arcuate nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Trebak
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology & Nutritional and Climatic Environment, Faculty of Sciences DM, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - I Dubuc
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - A Arabo
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - A Alaoui
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology & Nutritional and Climatic Environment, Faculty of Sciences DM, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - L Boukhzar
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - J Maucotel
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - M Picot
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - S Cherifi
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - C Duparc
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - J Leprince
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - G Prévost
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - Y Anouar
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - R Magoul
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology & Nutritional and Climatic Environment, Faculty of Sciences DM, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - N Chartrel
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Olivari-Philiponnet C, Roumenoff F, Schneider M, Chantran C, Picot M, Berlier P, Mottolese C, Bernard JC, Vuillerot C. Morbidité et impact sur la participation sociale du craniopharyngiome de l’enfant. Arch Pediatr 2016; 23:1225-1232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
16
|
Chartrel N, Picot M, El Medhi M, Arabo A, Berrahmoune H, Alexandre D, Maucotel J, Anouar Y, Prévost G. The Neuropeptide 26RFa (QRFP) and Its Role in the Regulation of Energy Homeostasis: A Mini-Review. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:549. [PMID: 27965532 PMCID: PMC5126098 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This mini-review deals with the neuropeptide 26RFa (or QRFP) which is a member of the RFamide peptide family discovered simultaneously by three groups in 2003. 26RFa (or its N-extended form 43RFa) was subsequently shown to be the endogenous ligand of the human orphan receptor GPR103. In the brain, 26RFa and GPR103mRNA are primarily expressed in hypothalamic nuclei involved in the control of feeding behavior, and at the periphery, the neuropeptide and its receptor are present in abundance in the gut and the pancreatic islets, suggesting that 26RFa is involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. Indeed, 26RFa stimulates food intake when injected centrally, and its orexigenic effect is even more pronounced in obese animals. The expression of 26RFa is up-regulated in the hypothalamus of obese animals, supporting that the 26RFa/GPR103 system may play a role in the development and/or maintenance of the obese status. Recent data indicate that 26RFa is also involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. 26RFa reduces glucose-induced hyperglycemia, increases insulin sensitivity and insulinemia. Furthermore, an oral ingestion of glucose strongly stimulates 26RFa release by the gut, indicating that 26RFa is a novel incretin. Finally, 26RFa is able to prevent pancreatic β cell death and apoptosis. This brief overview reveals that 26RFa is a key neuropeptide in the regulation of energy metabolism. Further fields of research are suggested including the pathophysiological implication of the 26RFa/GPR103 system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chartrel
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marie Picot
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Mouna El Medhi
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Hind Berrahmoune
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy UniversityMont-Saint-Aignan, France; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine, University Hospital of Rouen, University of Rouen, Normandy UniversityRouen, France
| | - David Alexandre
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Julie Maucotel
- University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy University Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Gaëtan Prévost
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Normandy UniversityMont-Saint-Aignan, France; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedecine, University Hospital of Rouen, University of Rouen, Normandy UniversityRouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Picot M, Billard JM, Dombret C, Albac C, Karameh N, Daumas S, Hardin-Pouzet H, Mhaouty-Kodja S. Neural Androgen Receptor Deletion Impairs the Temporal Processing of Objects and Hippocampal CA1-Dependent Mechanisms. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148328. [PMID: 26849367 PMCID: PMC4743963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the role of testosterone, mediated by the androgen receptor (AR), in modulating temporal order memory for visual objects. For this purpose, we used male mice lacking AR specifically in the nervous system. Control and mutant males were gonadectomized at adulthood and supplemented with equivalent amounts of testosterone in order to normalize their hormonal levels. We found that neural AR deletion selectively impaired the processing of temporal information for visual objects, without affecting classical object recognition or anxiety-like behavior and circulating corticosterone levels, which remained similar to those in control males. Thus, mutant males were unable to discriminate between the most recently seen object and previously seen objects, whereas their control littermates showed more interest in exploring previously seen objects. Because the hippocampal CA1 area has been associated with temporal memory for visual objects, we investigated whether neural AR deletion altered the functionality of this region. Electrophysiological analysis showed that neural AR deletion affected basal glutamate synaptic transmission and decreased the magnitude of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation and high-frequency stimulation-induced long-term potentiation. The impairment of NMDAR function was not due to changes in protein levels of receptor. These results provide the first evidence for the modulation of temporal processing of information for visual objects by androgens, via AR activation, possibly through regulation of NMDAR signaling in the CA1 area in male mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Picot
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1130, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8246, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université P. et M. Curie UM CR18, Université Paris 06, France
| | - Jean-Marie Billard
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 894, Paris, 75014 France
| | - Carlos Dombret
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1130, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8246, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université P. et M. Curie UM CR18, Université Paris 06, France
| | - Christelle Albac
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1130, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8246, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université P. et M. Curie UM CR18, Université Paris 06, France
| | - Nida Karameh
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1130, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8246, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université P. et M. Curie UM CR18, Université Paris 06, France
| | - Stéphanie Daumas
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1130, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8246, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université P. et M. Curie UM CR18, Université Paris 06, France
| | - Hélène Hardin-Pouzet
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1130, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8246, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université P. et M. Curie UM CR18, Université Paris 06, France
| | - Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1130, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8246, Université P. et M. Curie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université P. et M. Curie UM CR18, Université Paris 06, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chartrel N, Prévost G, El Medhi M, Arabo A, Berrahmoune H, Maucotel J, Anouar Y, Picot M. [The neuropeptide 26RFa and its role in the regulation of energy metabolism]. Biol Aujourdhui 2016; 210:227-235. [PMID: 28327281 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2016024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide 26RFa, also referred to as QRFP (for pyroglutamilated RFamide peptide), is the latest member of the RFamide peptide family to be discovered. 26RFa and its N-extended form, 43RFa, have been characterized in all vertebrate classes as the endogenous ligands of the human orphan receptor GPR103. In the brain, 26RFa and GPR103mRNA are primarily expressed in hypothalamic nuclei involved in the control of feeding behavior, and in the periphery, the neuropeptide and its receptor are present in abundance in the gut and the pancreatic islets, suggesting that 26RFa is involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. Indeed, 26RFa stimulates food intake when centrally injected, and its orexigenic effect is even more pronounced in obese animals. The expression of 26RFa is up-regulated in the hypothalamus of obese animals, supporting the view that 26RFa may play a role in the development and/or maintenance of the obese status. Recent data indicate that 26RFa is also involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. 26RFa reduces glucose-induced hyperglycemia, increases insulin sensitivity and insulinemia. Furthermore, an oral ingestion of glucose strongly stimulates 26RFa release by the gut, indicating that 26RFa is a novel incretin. Finally, 26RFa is able to prevent pancreatic β cell death and apoptosis. In conclusion, this overview of the literature reveals that 26RFa is a key neuropeptide in the regulation of energy metabolism. Further fields of research are suggested including the pathophysiological implication of the 26RFa/GPR103 system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chartrel
- INSERM U982, Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale (IRIB), Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Gaëtan Prévost
- INSERM U982, Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale (IRIB), Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France - Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Maladies Métaboliques, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale (IRIB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rouen, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
| | - Mouna El Medhi
- INSERM U982, Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale (IRIB), Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Hind Berrahmoune
- INSERM U982, Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale (IRIB), Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France - Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Maladies Métaboliques, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale (IRIB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rouen, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Rouen, France
| | - Julie Maucotel
- Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- INSERM U982, Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale (IRIB), Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marie Picot
- INSERM U982, Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale (IRIB), Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Olivari C, Roumenoff-Turcant F, Chantran C, Picot M, Berlier P, Mottolese C, Schneider M, Bernard J, Vuillerot C. Childhood craniopharyngioma: What about participation? Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2015.07.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
20
|
Prévost G, Jeandel L, Arabo A, Coëffier M, El Ouahli M, Picot M, Alexandre D, Gobet F, Leprince J, Berrahmoune H, Déchelotte P, Malagon M, Bonner C, Kerr-Conte J, Chigr F, Lefebvre H, Anouar Y, Chartrel N. Hypothalamic Neuropeptide 26RFa Acts as an Incretin to Regulate Glucose Homeostasis. Diabetes 2015; 64:2805-16. [PMID: 25858563 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
26RFa is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that promotes food intake. 26RFa is upregulated in obese animal models, and its orexigenic activity is accentuated in rodents fed a high-fat diet, suggesting that this neuropeptide might play a role in the development and maintenance of the obese status. As obesity is frequently associated with type 2 diabetes, we investigated whether 26RFa may be involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. In the current study, we show a moderate positive correlation between plasma 26RFa levels and plasma insulin in patients with diabetes. Plasma 26RFa concentration also increases in response to an oral glucose tolerance test. In addition, we found that 26RFa and its receptor GPR103 are present in human pancreatic β-cells as well as in the gut. In mice, 26RFa attenuates the hyperglycemia induced by a glucose load, potentiates insulin sensitivity, and increases plasma insulin concentrations. Consistent with these data, 26RFa stimulates insulin production by MIN6 insulinoma cells. Finally, we show, using in vivo and in vitro approaches, that a glucose load induces a massive secretion of 26RFa by the small intestine. Altogether, the present data indicate that 26RFa acts as an incretin to regulate glucose homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Prévost
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Lydie Jeandel
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Arnaud Arabo
- Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Moïse Coëffier
- Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France INSERM U1073, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Department of Nutrition, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Mariama El Ouahli
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France Biological Engineering Laboratory, Life Sciences, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Marie Picot
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - David Alexandre
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Françoise Gobet
- Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Hind Berrahmoune
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France INSERM U1073, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Department of Nutrition, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Maria Malagon
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Caroline Bonner
- INSERM U859, Biotherapies of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- INSERM U859, Biotherapies of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fatiha Chigr
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Life Sciences, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Hervé Lefebvre
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Youssef Anouar
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- INSERM U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France Normandy University, Caen, France University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Naulé L, Picot M, Martini M, Parmentier C, Hardin-Pouzet H, Keller M, Franceschini I, Mhaouty-Kodja S. Neuroendocrine and behavioral effects of maternal exposure to oral bisphenol A in female mice. J Endocrinol 2014; 220:375-88. [PMID: 24403293 DOI: 10.1530/joe-13-0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread estrogenic compound. We investigated the effects of maternal exposure to BPA at reference doses on sexual behavior and neuroendocrine functions of female offspring in C57BL/6J mice. The dams were orally exposed to vehicle alone or vehicle-containing BPA at doses equivalent to the no observed adverse effect level (5 mg/kg body weight per day) and tolerable daily intake (TDI, 0.05 mg/kg body weight per day) level from gestational day 15 until weaning. Developmental exposure to BPA increased the lordosis quotient in naive females exposed to BPA at the TDI dose only. BPA exposure had no effect on olfactory preference, ability to express masculine behaviors or number of calbindin-positive cells, a sexually dimorphic population of the preoptic area. BPA at both doses selectively increased kisspeptin cell number in the preoptic periventricular nucleus of the rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle in adult females. It did not affect the number of GNRH-positive cells or percentage of kisspeptin appositions on GNRH neurons in the preoptic area. These changes were associated with higher levels of estradiol (E2) at the TDI dose while levels of LH, estrus cyclicity, ovarian and uterine weights, and fertility remained unaffected. Delay in the time of vaginal opening was observed during the postnatal period at TDI dose, without any alteration in body growth. This shows that developmental exposure to BPA at reference doses did not masculinize and defeminize the neural circuitry underlying sexual behavior in female mice. The TDI dose specifically exacerbated responses normally induced by ovarian E2, through estrogen receptor α, during the postnatal/prepubertal period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Naulé
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR 7224Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 952 and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7224, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central (PMSNC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie,
9 Quai St Bernard Bât B 2ème Étage, F75005 Paris, France Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) UMR85, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France CNRS UMR 7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France Université François Rabelais, F-37000 Tours, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Picot M, Naulé L, Marie-Luce C, Martini M, Raskin K, Grange-Messent V, Franceschini I, Keller M, Mhaouty-Kodja S. Vulnerability of the neural circuitry underlying sexual behavior to chronic adult exposure to oral bisphenol a in male mice. Endocrinology 2014; 155:502-12. [PMID: 24265451 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There are human reproduction concerns associated with extensive use of bisphenol A (BPA)-containing plastic and, in particular, the leaching of BPA into food and beverages. In this context, it remains unclear whether and how exposure to BPA interferes with the developmental organization and adult activation of male sexual behavior by testosterone. We evaluated the developmental and adult exposure to oral BPA at doses equivalent to the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (5 mg/kg body weight per day) and tolerable daily intake (TDI) (50 μg/kg body weight per day) on mouse sexual behavior and the potential mechanisms underlying BPA effects. Adult exposure to BPA reduced sexual motivation and performance at TDI dose only. Exposed males took longer to initiate mating and reach ejaculation despite normal olfactory chemoinvestigation. This deficiency was not restored by sexual experience and was associated with unchanged circulating levels of testosterone. By contrast, developmental exposure to BPA at TDI or no-observed-adverse-effect-level dose did not reduce sexual behavior or alter the neuroanatomical organization of the preoptic area. Disrupting the neural androgen receptor resulted in behavioral and neuroanatomical effects similar to those induced by adult exposure to TDI dose. Moreover, adult exposure of mutant males to BPA at TDI dose did not trigger additional alteration of sexual behavior, suggesting that BPA and neural androgen receptor mutation share a common mechanism of action. This shows, for the first time, that the neural circuitry underlying male sexual behavior is vulnerable to chronic adult exposure to low dose of BPA and suggests that BPA could act in vivo as an antiandrogenic compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Picot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)7224 (M.P., L.N., C.M.-L., K.R., V.G.-M., S.M.-K.), Inserm 952 (M.P., L.N., C.M.-L., K.R., V.G.-M., S.M.-K.), and Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central (M.P., L.N., C.M.-L., K.R., V.G.-M., S.M.-K.), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (M.M., I.F., M.K.) and CNRS UMR7247 (M.M., I.F., M.K.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Université François Rabelais (M.M., I.F., M.K.), F-37000 Tours, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sancho P, Janoly-Dumenil A, Picot M, Luauté J, Jacquin-Courtois S, Rode G. Élaboration d’un carnet d’information et de suivi des injections de toxine botulinique. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
24
|
Marie-Luce C, Raskin K, Bolborea M, Monin M, Picot M, Mhaouty-Kodja S. Effects of neural androgen receptor disruption on aggressive behavior, arginine vasopressin and galanin systems in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis and lateral septum. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 188:218-25. [PMID: 23583766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the role of the androgen receptor (AR) in the nervous system in the regulation of aggressive behavior and arginine vasopressin and galanin systems by testosterone. For this purpose, we used a conditional mouse line selectively lacking AR gene in the nervous system, backcrossed onto the C57BL/6J strain. Adult males were gonadectomized and supplemented with similar amounts of testosterone. When tested on two consecutive days in the resident intruder paradigm, fewer males of the mutant group exhibited aggressive behavior compared to their control littermates. In addition, a high latency to the first offensive attack was observed for the few animals that exhibited fighting behavior. This alteration was associated with a normal anogenital chemoinvestigation of intruder males. In olfactory discrimination tasks, sexual experience enhanced preference towards female-soiled bedding rather than male-soiled bedding and estrus females rather than intact males, regardless of genotype. This indicated that the behavioral alteration induced by neural AR mutation occurs in brain areas located downstream from the olfactory bulb. Quantification of the sexually dimorphic cell populations expressing preprovasopressin and galanin mRNAs in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) and vasopressin-neurophysin 2 and galanin immunoreactivity in the lateral septum showed no significant differences between the two genotypes. The present findings indicate that the neural AR is required in the expression of aggressive behavior but not in the sexual differentiation of AVP and galanin cell number in the BNST and fiber immunoreactivity in the lateral septum. They also suggest that AR in the nervous system could mediate activational effects of testosterone in the regulation of aggressive behavior during adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Marie-Luce
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7224, 9 quai St Bernard, Paris CEDEX 05, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Raskin K, Marie-Luce C, Picot M, Bernard V, Mailly P, Hardin-Pouzet H, Tronche F, Mhaouty-Kodja S. Characterization of the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus neuromuscular system in male mice lacking androgen receptor in the nervous system. Endocrinology 2012; 153:3376-85. [PMID: 22585832 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Motoneurons in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) and their target bulbocavernosus (BC) and levator ani (LA) muscles play a role in male copulation and fertility. Testosterone (T) induces sexual differentiation of this SNB neuromuscular system during development and maintains its activation in adulthood. In the rat, T-induced effects mostly involve the androgen receptor (AR). However, the role of central AR in T-induced effects remains to be studied with pertinent genetic models. We addressed this question by using specific motoneuron immunolabeling and retrograde tracing in mice selectively disrupted for AR in the nervous system. This work reveals that nervous system AR is not required either for T-induced development of BC-LA muscles and perinatal sparing of SNB motoneurons from atrophy or for adult sensitivity of BC-LA muscles to T. By contrast, loss of AR expression in the nervous system resulted in SNB motoneurons having smaller somata and shorter dendrites than controls. We studied the effects of adult castration and T supplementation on SNB cell morphology in control and mutant males; these experiments showed that central AR is involved in the developmental regulation of soma size and dendritic length and in the adult maintenance of soma size of SNB motoneurons. T seemed to act indirectly through BC-LA muscles to maintain dendritic length in adulthood. Our results also suggest that central AR functions may contribute to normal activity of SNB motoneurons and perineal muscles because mutant mice displayed diminished copulatory behavior and fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalina Raskin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7224, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vieira J, Jones AR, Danon A, Sakuma M, Hoang N, Robles D, Tait S, Heyes DJ, Picot M, Yoshii T, Helfrich-Förster C, Soubigou G, Coppee JY, Klarsfeld A, Rouyer F, Scrutton NS, Ahmad M. Human cryptochrome-1 confers light independent biological activity in transgenic Drosophila correlated with flavin radical stability. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31867. [PMID: 22427812 PMCID: PMC3299647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptochromes are conserved flavoprotein receptors found throughout the biological kingdom with diversified roles in plant development and entrainment of the circadian clock in animals. Light perception is proposed to occur through flavin radical formation that correlates with biological activity in vivo in both plants and Drosophila. By contrast, mammalian (Type II) cryptochromes regulate the circadian clock independently of light, raising the fundamental question of whether mammalian cryptochromes have evolved entirely distinct signaling mechanisms. Here we show by developmental and transcriptome analysis that Homo sapiens cryptochrome--1 (HsCRY1) confers biological activity in transgenic expressing Drosophila in darkness, that can in some cases be further stimulated by light. In contrast to all other cryptochromes, purified recombinant HsCRY1 protein was stably isolated in the anionic radical flavin state, containing only a small proportion of oxidized flavin which could be reduced by illumination. We conclude that animal Type I and Type II cryptochromes may both have signaling mechanisms involving formation of a flavin radical signaling state, and that light independent activity of Type II cryptochromes is a consequence of dark accumulation of this redox form in vivo rather than of a fundamental difference in signaling mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex R. Jones
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre and Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michiyo Sakuma
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre and Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Shirley Tait
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre and Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Derren J. Heyes
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre and Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Picot
- Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, CNRS UPR 2216 (NGI), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Taishi Yoshii
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Guillaume Soubigou
- Institut Pasteur, Transcriptome and Epigenome Platform, Genomes and Genetics Department, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Coppee
- Institut Pasteur, Transcriptome and Epigenome Platform, Genomes and Genetics Department, Paris, France
| | - André Klarsfeld
- Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, CNRS UPR 2216 (NGI), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Francois Rouyer
- Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, CNRS UPR 2216 (NGI), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nigel S. Scrutton
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre and Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- Université Paris VI, Paris, France
- Penn State University, Media, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Collet C, Grangeon M, Guillot A, Sancho P, Picot M, Revol P, Rode G. Aspects neurophysiologiques de l’imagerie motrice et applications en rééducation. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2011.07.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
28
|
de Prost Y, Aractingi S, Picot M, Martin L, Philippe C, Fatras M. Étude d’usage en conditions réelles d’utilisation et d’impact de santé publique de tacrolimus pommade (Protopic®). Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2011.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
29
|
Cusumano P, Klarsfeld A, Chélot E, Picot M, Richier B, Rouyer F. PDF-modulated visual inputs and cryptochrome define diurnal behavior in Drosophila. Nat Neurosci 2009; 12:1431-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nn.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
30
|
Picot M, Cusumano P, Klarsfeld A, Ueda R, Rouyer F. Light activates output from evening neurons and inhibits output from morning neurons in the Drosophila circadian clock. PLoS Biol 2007; 5:e315. [PMID: 18044989 PMCID: PMC2229858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0050315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2007] [Accepted: 09/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal circadian clocks are based on multiple oscillators whose interactions allow the daily control of complex behaviors. The Drosophila brain contains a circadian clock that controls rest–activity rhythms and relies upon different groups of PERIOD (PER)–expressing neurons. Two distinct oscillators have been functionally characterized under light-dark cycles. Lateral neurons (LNs) that express the pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) drive morning activity, whereas PDF-negative LNs are required for the evening activity. In constant darkness, several lines of evidence indicate that the LN morning oscillator (LN-MO) drives the activity rhythms, whereas the LN evening oscillator (LN-EO) does not. Since mutants devoid of functional CRYPTOCHROME (CRY), as opposed to wild-type flies, are rhythmic in constant light, we analyzed transgenic flies expressing PER or CRY in the LN-MO or LN-EO. We show that, under constant light conditions and reduced CRY function, the LN evening oscillator drives robust activity rhythms, whereas the LN morning oscillator does not. Remarkably, light acts by inhibiting the LN-MO behavioral output and activating the LN-EO behavioral output. Finally, we show that PDF signaling is not required for robust activity rhythms in constant light as opposed to its requirement in constant darkness, further supporting the minor contribution of the morning cells to the behavior in the presence of light. We therefore propose that day–night cycles alternatively activate behavioral outputs of the Drosophila evening and morning lateral neurons. Living organisms have evolved circadian clocks that anticipate daily changes in their environment. Their clockwork is fully endogenous, but can be reset by external cues. (Light is the most efficient cue.) The circadian neuronal network of the fruit fly (Drosophila) brain perceives light through the visual system and a dedicated photoreceptor molecule, cryptochrome. Flies exhibit a bimodal locomotor activity pattern that peaks at dawn and dusk in light–dark conditions. These morning and evening activity bouts are controlled by two distinct neuronal clocks in the fly brain. By using flies with a deficient cryptochrome pathway, we have uncovered an unexpected role for light in the circadian system. In addition to synchronizing the two oscillators to solar time, light also controls their behavioral output. The morning oscillator can periodically rouse the fly when in constant darkness, but not in constant light, whereas the evening oscillator can do the same in constant light, but not in constant darkness. This suggests the existence of a light-dependent switch between oscillators that appears to require the visual system. Such a mechanism likely contributes to better separate the active periods of the fly at dawn and dusk, and may help the animal to adapt to seasonal changes in day length. In fruit flies, light not only resets the circadian clock to solar time, but also enables the signaling from one oscillator while disabling the signaling from the other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Picot
- Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, CNRS UPR 2216, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fourcade R, Picot M, Gaudin A, Texier N, Slama A. MP-09.20. Urology 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.08.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
32
|
Abstract
Acute cerebral angiopathy is a rare neuro-vascular complication in postpartum. In this setting, the implication of vasoconstrictive drugs used for lactation or deliverance hemorrhage inhibition has been established. This review aimed 1) to describe, epidemiologic, clinical and diagnostic features of this pathological condition. 2) To put in perspective this condition within the scope of neurovascular clinical syndrome of pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Nighoghossian
- Service de Neurologie B, PR P Trouillas, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Roch JA, Nighoghossian N, Hermier M, Cakmak S, Picot M, Honnorat J, Derex L, Trouillas P. Transient neurologic symptoms related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy: usefulness of T2*-weighted imaging. Cerebrovasc Dis 2004; 20:412-4. [PMID: 16210853 DOI: 10.1159/000088665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J A Roch
- Cerebrovascular Unit, Prof. P. Trouillas, Hôpital Neurologique et Neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Klarsfeld A, Malpel S, Michard-Vanhée C, Picot M, Chélot E, Rouyer F. Novel features of cryptochrome-mediated photoreception in the brain circadian clock of Drosophila. J Neurosci 2004; 24:1468-77. [PMID: 14960620 PMCID: PMC6730330 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3661-03.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila, light affects circadian behavioral rhythms via at least two distinct mechanisms. One of them relies on the visual phototransduction cascade. The other involves a presumptive photopigment, cryptochrome (cry), expressed in lateral brain neurons that control behavioral rhythms. We show here that cry is expressed in most, if not all, larval and adult neuronal groups expressing the PERIOD (PER) protein, with the notable exception of larval dorsal neurons (DN2s) in which PER cycles in antiphase to all other known cells. Forcing cry expression in the larval DN2s gave them a normal phase of PER cycling, indicating that their unique antiphase rhythm is related to their lack of cry expression. We were able to directly monitor CRY protein in Drosophila brains in situ. It appeared highly unstable in the light, whereas in the dark, it accumulated in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, including some neuritic projections. We also show that dorsal PER-expressing brain neurons, the adult DN1s, are the only brain neurons to coexpress the CRY protein and the photoreceptor differentiation factor GLASS. Studies of various visual system mutants and their combination with the cry(b) mutation indicated that the adult DN1s contribute significantly to the light sensitivity of the clock controlling activity rhythms, and that this contribution depends on CRY. Moreover, all CRY-independent light inputs into this central behavioral clock were found to require the visual system. Finally, we show that the photoreceptive DN1 neurons do not behave as autonomous oscillators, because their PER oscillations in constant darkness rapidly damp out in the absence of pigment-dispersing-factor signaling from the ventral lateral neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Klarsfeld
- Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2216, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Déporte-Féty R, Picot M, Amiand M, Moreau A, Campion L, Lanoë D, Renée N, Milano G. High-performance liquid chromatographic assay with ultraviolet detection for quantification of dihydrofluorouracil in human lymphocytes: application to measurement of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 2001; 762:203-9. [PMID: 11678380 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(01)00359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5FU) undergoes extensive biotransformation to 5-dihydrofluorouracil (5FUH2) by the enzyme dihydropyrimidine deshydrogenase (DPD). A new HPLC method with direct UV detection for the determination of 5FUH2 in peripheral lymphocytes has been developed to detect DPD deficiency in patients treated with 5FU-based therapy. The method has been shown to be valid over the 5FUH2 concentration range of 1.14-37.88 nmol/ml. Optimal enzymatic conditions for DPD activity measurement were studied: incubation time, protein and 5FU concentrations. The assay was successfully cross-validated with the existing method using HPLC with radiochemical detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Déporte-Féty
- Laboratoire de Pharmacocinétique, Centre Renée Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Arav E, Picot M, De La Tour Du Pin E, Yaziji N, Majek E, Patey M, Pluot M, Diebold M. [How to optimize lymph node dissection in colorectal cancers. A technique for simple and efficacious clarification]. Ann Pathol 1999; 19:147-50. [PMID: 10349485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies relating to the prognosis of colorectal carcinomas insist on the quality of mesocolic examination and on the frequency of metastases in minute lymph nodes. The aim of our study was to evaluate an easy, rapid and new clearance method recently described by Koren et al. Twenty-one surgical specimens for colorectal carcinomas have been investigated. After lymph node examination with the traditional method, the mesocolic fat was immersed in a clearing solution. After 6 hours, lymph nodes stood out as white chalky nodules, and were dissected. By the traditional method 182 lymph nodes were detected and 89 additional lymph nodes after clearing. In one case, the detection of a metastasis in lymph node after clearing allowed to upstage the tumour from Dukes B (N0) to Dukes C (N+). This easy and inexpensive method allows the detection of minute lymph nodes and helps to establish a more accurate staging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Arav
- Laboratoire Central d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Reims
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find which sensory characteristics are significant determinants of the thirst-quenching character of beer. The sensory attributes and thirst-quenching characteristics ("thirst quenching", "refreshing", "drinkability") of 18 beers were evaluated by a panel of 12 judges. The only significant positive determinants of the "thirst-quenching" character of the beers in the design were carbonation and bubble density. Significant negative determinants were foam, overall aroma and flavor, color, viscosity, malty, hoppy, burnt, bitterness, acidic, metallic, astringency and aftertaste. The same correlations (both in terms of direction and significance level) were observed between descriptive attributes and the "refreshing" and "drinkability" factors. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the mean ratings indicated that variability among beers was mostly along a thirst-quenching dimension (72% of the variance). Procrustes analysis performed on the individual ratings showed that, for one of the judges, the interpretation of the thirst-quenching concept differed from that shown by PCA for the overall panel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J X Guinard
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Collomp K, Fortier M, Cooper S, Long A, Ahmaidi S, Prefaut C, Wright F, Picot M, Côté MG. Performance and metabolic effects of benzodiazepine during submaximal exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1994; 77:828-33. [PMID: 8002535 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1994.77.2.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined whether benzodiazepine (BZ) intake alters performance and selected hormonal and metabolic variables during submaximal exercise. Seven triathletes completed two cycling trials at 85% maximum O2 uptake starting 3 h after an ingestion of either a placebo (PLA) of gelatin or BZ (1.5 mg lorazepam) and continuing until exhaustion, according to a double-blind randomized protocol. Blood samples were collected at rest; 5, 10, and 15 min; and exhaustion for dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (Epi), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol (CORT), insulin (INS), free fatty acid, blood glucose, and lactate (La) determinations. Time of cycling was not significantly changed after BZ or PLA administration (22.9 +/- 2.5 vs. 23.5 +/- 3.8 min, respectively). A decrease in CORT and an increase in INS (P < 0.05) were observed with BZ before cycling. In comparison with rest, exercise resulted in a decrease in INS and an increase in all the other variables investigated (P < 0.001), but DA, NE, Epi, ACTH, CORT, La, and free fatty acid were significantly less elevated under BZ (P < 0.05). No change was found in glucose and INS levels between the two treatments at the end of the test. There was a strong correlation under both PLA and BZ conditions between DA, NE, Epi, and ACTH and also between Epi and La levels. From these data, BZ intake did appear to alter metabolism but did not influence performance during intense submaximal exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Collomp
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique Santé, Pointe Claire, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Blancheteau C, Picot M. [Ricefield project in the Mbos plain (Cameroon). Potential change in health status]. Med Trop (Mars) 1983; 43:171-176. [PMID: 6865711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
40
|
Grubisic-Gallot Z, Picot M, Gramain P, Benoit H. Characterization of homopolymers and copolymers by the coupling of gel permeation chromatography and automatic viscometry. J Appl Polym Sci 1972. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1972.070161118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|