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Esteban-Vasallo MD, Domínguez-Berjón MF, Chalco-Orrego JP, González Martín-Moro J. Prevalence of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy in the Community of Madrid (Spain), estimation with a capture-recapture method. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:220. [PMID: 38811977 PMCID: PMC11137926 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) typically presents in young adults as bilateral painless subacute visual loss. Prevalence data are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the validity of different ascertainment sources used in population-based rare diseases registries to detect cases, and to explore the impact of a capture-recapture method in the estimation of the prevalence of LHON in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (ACM) in 2022. METHODS Descriptive cross-sectional population-based study. Potential LHON cases were detected by automatic capture from the healthcare information sources usually explored for the Regional Registry for Rare Diseases (SIERMA). Ophthalmologists provided data from their clinical registry. Positive predictive values (PPV) and sensitivity with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Global and by sex prevalences were calculated with confimed cases and with those estimated by the capture-recapture method. RESULTS A total of 102 potential LHON cases were captured from healthcare information sources, 25 of them (24.5%) finally were confirmed after revision, with an overall PPV of 24.5% (95%CI 17.2-33.7). By source, the electronic clinical records of primary care had the highest PPV (51.2, 95%CI 36.7-65.4). The ophthalmologists clinical registry provided 22 cases, 12 of them not detected in the automatic capture sources. The clinical registry reached a sensitivity of 59.5% (95%CI 43.5-73.6) and the combination of automatic capture sources reached a 67.6% (95%CI: 51.5-80.4). The total confirmed cases were 37, with a mean age of 48.9 years, and a men: women ratio of 2.4:1. Genetic information was recovered in 27 cases, with the m.3460 mutation being the most frequent (12 cases). The global prevalence was 0.55 cases/100,000 inhabitants (95%CI 0.40-0.75), and with the capture-recapture method reached 0.79 cases/100,000 (95%CI 0.60-1.03), a 43.6% higher, 1.15 cases/100,000 (95%CI 0.83-1.58) in men and 0.43 cases/100,000 (95%CI 0.26-0.70) in women. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of LHON estimated in the ACM was lower than in other European countries. Population-based registries of rare diseases require the incorporation of confirmed cases provided by clinicians to asure the best completeness of data. The use of more specific coding for rare diseases in healthcare information systems would facilitate the detection of cases. Further epidemiologic studies are needed to assess potential factors that may influence the penetrance of LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julio González Martín-Moro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Henares. Coslada, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
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Pasqualotto BA, Tegeman C, Frame AK, McPhedrain R, Halangoda K, Sheldon CA, Rintoul GL. Galactose-replacement unmasks the biochemical consequences of the G11778A mitochondrial DNA mutation of LHON in patient-derived fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 2024; 439:114075. [PMID: 38710404 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a visual impairment associated with mutations of mitochondrial genes encoding elements of the electron transport chain. While much is known about the genetics of LHON, the cellular pathophysiology leading to retinal ganglion cell degeneration and subsequent vision loss is poorly understood. The impacts of the G11778A mutation of LHON on bioenergetics, redox balance and cell proliferation were examined in patient-derived fibroblasts. Replacement of glucose with galactose in the culture media reveals a deficit in the proliferation of G11778A fibroblasts, imparts a reduction in ATP biosynthesis, and a reduction in capacity to accommodate exogenous oxidative stress. While steady-state ROS levels were unaffected by the LHON mutation, cell survival was diminished in response to exogenous H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce A Pasqualotto
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Carina Tegeman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ariel K Frame
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan McPhedrain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Kolitha Halangoda
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Claire A Sheldon
- Dept. of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gordon L Rintoul
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
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3
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Neuhofer CM, Prokisch H. Digenic Inheritance in Rare Disorders and Mitochondrial Disease-Crossing the Frontier to a More Comprehensive Understanding of Etiology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4602. [PMID: 38731822 PMCID: PMC11083678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of rare disease genetics has been shaped by a monogenic disease model. While the traditional monogenic disease model has been successful in identifying numerous disease-associated genes and significantly enlarged our knowledge in the field of human genetics, it has limitations in explaining phenomena like phenotypic variability and reduced penetrance. Widening the perspective beyond Mendelian inheritance has the potential to enable a better understanding of disease complexity in rare disorders. Digenic inheritance is the simplest instance of a non-Mendelian disorder, characterized by the functional interplay of variants in two disease-contributing genes. Known digenic disease causes show a range of pathomechanisms underlying digenic interplay, including direct and indirect gene product interactions as well as epigenetic modifications. This review aims to systematically explore the background of digenic inheritance in rare disorders, the approaches and challenges when investigating digenic inheritance, and the current evidence for digenic inheritance in mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane M. Neuhofer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 32, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Centre Munich Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Salzburger Landeskliniken, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 32, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Centre Munich Neuherberg, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
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4
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Emperador S, Habbane M, López-Gallardo E, Del Rio A, Llobet L, Mateo J, Sanz-López AM, Fernández-García MJ, Sánchez-Tocino H, Benbunan-Ferreiro S, Calabuig-Goena M, Narvaez-Palazón C, Fernández-Vega B, González-Iglesias H, Urreizti R, Artuch R, Pacheu-Grau D, Bayona-Bafaluy P, Montoya J, Ruiz-Pesini E. Identification and characterization of a new pathologic mutation in a large Leber hereditary optic neuropathy pedigree. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:148. [PMID: 38582886 PMCID: PMC10999093 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients suffering from Leber hereditary optic neuropathy carry one of the three classic pathologic mutations, but not all individuals with these genetic alterations develop the disease. There are different risk factors that modify the penetrance of these mutations. The remaining patients carry one of a set of very rare genetic variants and, it appears that, some of the risk factors that modify the penetrance of the classical pathologic mutations may also affect the phenotype of these other rare mutations. RESULTS We describe a large family including 95 maternally related individuals, showing 30 patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. The mutation responsible for the phenotype is a novel transition, m.3734A > G, in the mitochondrial gene encoding the ND1 subunit of respiratory complex I. Molecular-genetic, biochemical and cellular studies corroborate the pathogenicity of this genetic change. CONCLUSIONS With the study of this family, we confirm that, also for this very rare mutation, sex and age are important factors modifying penetrance. Moreover, this pedigree offers an excellent opportunity to search for other genetic or environmental factors that additionally contribute to modify penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Emperador
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mouna Habbane
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
- Laboratoire Biologie Et Santé, Faculté Des Sciences Ben M'Sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, 20670, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Ester López-Gallardo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Del Rio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laura Llobet
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Certest Biotec, 50840-San Mateo de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Mateo
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana María Sanz-López
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario de Toledo, 45004, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | - Sol Benbunan-Ferreiro
- Servicio de Oftalmología. Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Calabuig-Goena
- Servicio de Oftalmología. Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - Hector González-Iglesias
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), 33300-Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Roser Urreizti
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica Clínica, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica Clínica, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Pacheu-Grau
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Bayona-Bafaluy
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Julio Montoya
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Pesini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009- and 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) de Aragón, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Cannon SJ, Hall T, Hawkes G, Colclough K, Boggan RM, Wright CF, Pickett SJ, Hattersley AT, Weedon MN, Patel KA. Penetrance and expressivity of mitochondrial variants in a large clinically unselected population. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:465-474. [PMID: 37988592 PMCID: PMC10877468 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) from large clinically unselected cohorts provides a unique opportunity to assess the penetrance and expressivity of rare and/or known pathogenic mitochondrial variants in population. Using WGS from 179 862 clinically unselected individuals from the UK Biobank, we performed extensive single and rare variant aggregation association analyses of 15 881 mtDNA variants and 73 known pathogenic variants with 15 mitochondrial disease-relevant phenotypes. We identified 12 homoplasmic and one heteroplasmic variant (m.3243A>G) with genome-wide significant associations in our clinically unselected cohort. Heteroplasmic m.3243A>G (MAF = 0.0002, a known pathogenic variant) was associated with diabetes, deafness and heart failure and 12 homoplasmic variants increased aspartate aminotransferase levels including three low-frequency variants (MAF ~0.002 and beta~0.3 SD). Most pathogenic mitochondrial disease variants (n = 66/74) were rare in the population (<1:9000). Aggregated or single variant analysis of pathogenic variants showed low penetrance in unselected settings for the relevant phenotypes, except m.3243A>G. Multi-system disease risk and penetrance of diabetes, deafness and heart failure greatly increased with m.3243A>G level ≥ 10%. The odds ratio of these traits increased from 5.61, 12.3 and 10.1 to 25.1, 55.0 and 39.5, respectively. Diabetes risk with m.3243A>G was further influenced by type 2 diabetes genetic risk. Our study of mitochondrial variation in a large-unselected population identified novel associations and demonstrated that pathogenic mitochondrial variants have lower penetrance in clinically unselected settings. m.3243A>G was an exception at higher heteroplasmy showing a significant impact on health making it a good candidate for incidental reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Cannon
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, 79 Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX2 4TH, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Hall
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, 79 Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX2 4TH, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Hawkes
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, 79 Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX2 4TH, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Colclough
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, RILD Building, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, United Kingdom
| | - Roisin M Boggan
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline F Wright
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, 79 Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX2 4TH, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J Pickett
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T Hattersley
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, 79 Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX2 4TH, United Kingdom
| | - Michael N Weedon
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, 79 Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX2 4TH, United Kingdom
| | - Kashyap A Patel
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, 79 Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX2 4TH, United Kingdom
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Vacchiano V, Palombo F, Ormanbekova D, Fiorini C, Fiorentino A, Caporali L, Mastrangelo A, Valentino ML, Capellari S, Liguori R, Carelli V. The genetic puzzle of a SOD1-patient with ocular ptosis and a motor neuron disease: a case report. Front Genet 2023; 14:1322067. [PMID: 38152653 PMCID: PMC10751346 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1322067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with a complex genetic architecture, showing monogenic, oligogenic, and polygenic inheritance. In this study, we describe the case of a 71 years-old man diagnosed with ALS with atypical clinical features consisting in progressive ocular ptosis and sensorineural deafness. Genetic analyses revealed two heterozygous variants, in the SOD1 (OMIM*147450) and the TBK1 (OMIM*604834) genes respectively, and furthermore mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing identified the homoplasmic m.14484T>C variant usually associated with Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON). We discuss how all these variants may synergically impinge on mitochondrial function, possibly contributing to the pathogenic mechanisms which might ultimately lead to the neurodegenerative process, shaping the clinical ALS phenotype enriched by adjunctive clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veria Vacchiano
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Flavia Palombo
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Danara Ormanbekova
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Fiorini
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Fiorentino
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo Caporali
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Mastrangelo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Valentino
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabina Capellari
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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González-Martín-Moro J, Reche Sainz JA, Gracia T, Maroto Rodríguez B, Cabrejas Martínez L, Gutiérrez Ortiz C, Rojas P, Fraile Maya J, Blanco Calvo N, Muñoz Negrete F. Approaches to the epidemiology of NOHL in the region of Madrid: Survey of neuro-ophthalmologists. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2023; 98:673-679. [PMID: 37866435 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the epidemiology of Leber's optic neuropathy (NOHL) in the Region of Madrid. MATERIAL AND METHODS The neuro-ophthalmologists who work at public hospitals of the CAM were interviewed by telephone. They were asked about the number of patients with NOHL that they had diagnosed during the time that they had been responsible for the neuro-ophthalmology department of that public hospital. The time worked and the population attended by the hospital were used to calculate the number of inhabitant-years in follow-up by each center during the corresponding period. The basic information of each case (date of birth, mutation, date of visual loss) was registered to avoid duplications. RESULTS Our work estimates a global incidence of 2.34 cases for 10,000,000 inhabitants-year and a prevalence estimated from incidence of one case for each 106.682 inhabitants. This prevalence was very similar in all the studied areas and considerably lower than that reported by other studies. CONCLUSION This work constitutes the first approach to the epidemiology of this disease in Spain. The prevalence of LHON in the region of Madrid, is probably lower than that reported in the literature in other regions. The prevalence and the incidence were homogeneously low in the 26 studied areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J González-Martín-Moro
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Coslada, Madrid, Spain; Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Infanta Sofía y del Hospital Universitario del Henares, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J A Reche Sainz
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Gracia
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Maroto Rodríguez
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Cabrejas Martínez
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Gutiérrez Ortiz
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Rojas
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Fraile Maya
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Blanco Calvo
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Muñoz Negrete
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Buonfiglio F, Böhm EW, Pfeiffer N, Gericke A. Oxidative Stress: A Suitable Therapeutic Target for Optic Nerve Diseases? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1465. [PMID: 37508003 PMCID: PMC10376185 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Optic nerve disorders encompass a wide spectrum of conditions characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and subsequent degeneration of the optic nerve. The etiology of these disorders can vary significantly, but emerging research highlights the crucial role of oxidative stress, an imbalance in the redox status characterized by an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in driving cell death through apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation. This review provides an overview of ROS-related processes underlying four extensively studied optic nerve diseases: glaucoma, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION), and optic neuritis (ON). Furthermore, we present preclinical findings on antioxidants, with the objective of evaluating the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting oxidative stress in the treatment of optic neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Buonfiglio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (E.W.B.); (N.P.)
| | | | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (E.W.B.); (N.P.)
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