1
|
Mackey DA, Staffieri SE. Making glaucoma genetic studies more diverse. Cell 2024; 187:273-275. [PMID: 38242084 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Although the blinding eye disease glaucoma is more common in people of African ancestry, previous genetic studies predominantly involved European subjects. In this issue of Cell, O'Brien et al. report a genome-wide association study for glaucoma in individuals of African ancestry, showing overlap with European studies and refining an African polygenic risk score.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Mackey
- Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tenney AP, Di Gioia SA, Webb BD, Chan WM, de Boer E, Garnai SJ, Barry BJ, Ray T, Kosicki M, Robson CD, Zhang Z, Collins TE, Gelber A, Pratt BM, Fujiwara Y, Varshney A, Lek M, Warburton PE, Van Ryzin C, Lehky TJ, Zalewski C, King KA, Brewer CC, Thurm A, Snow J, Facio FM, Narisu N, Bonnycastle LL, Swift A, Chines PS, Bell JL, Mohan S, Whitman MC, Staffieri SE, Elder JE, Demer JL, Torres A, Rachid E, Al-Haddad C, Boustany RM, Mackey DA, Brady AF, Fenollar-Cortés M, Fradin M, Kleefstra T, Padberg GW, Raskin S, Sato MT, Orkin SH, Parker SCJ, Hadlock TA, Vissers LELM, van Bokhoven H, Jabs EW, Collins FS, Pennacchio LA, Manoli I, Engle EC. Noncoding variants alter GATA2 expression in rhombomere 4 motor neurons and cause dominant hereditary congenital facial paresis. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1149-1163. [PMID: 37386251 PMCID: PMC10335940 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01424-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary congenital facial paresis type 1 (HCFP1) is an autosomal dominant disorder of absent or limited facial movement that maps to chromosome 3q21-q22 and is hypothesized to result from facial branchial motor neuron (FBMN) maldevelopment. In the present study, we report that HCFP1 results from heterozygous duplications within a neuron-specific GATA2 regulatory region that includes two enhancers and one silencer, and from noncoding single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) within the silencer. Some SNVs impair binding of NR2F1 to the silencer in vitro and in vivo and attenuate in vivo enhancer reporter expression in FBMNs. Gata2 and its effector Gata3 are essential for inner-ear efferent neuron (IEE) but not FBMN development. A humanized HCFP1 mouse model extends Gata2 expression, favors the formation of IEEs over FBMNs and is rescued by conditional loss of Gata3. These findings highlight the importance of temporal gene regulation in development and of noncoding variation in rare mendelian disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan P Tenney
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Silvio Alessandro Di Gioia
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Bryn D Webb
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wai-Man Chan
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Elke de Boer
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah J Garnai
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brenda J Barry
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Tammy Ray
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Kosicki
- Environmental Genomics & System Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Caroline D Robson
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhongyang Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas E Collins
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alon Gelber
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brandon M Pratt
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuko Fujiwara
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arushi Varshney
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Monkol Lek
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peter E Warburton
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carol Van Ryzin
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tanya J Lehky
- EMG Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Zalewski
- Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kelly A King
- Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carmen C Brewer
- Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Audrey Thurm
- Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping Service, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Snow
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Flavia M Facio
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy Swift
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter S Chines
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jessica L Bell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suresh Mohan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary C Whitman
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joseph L Demer
- Stein Eye Institute and Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alcy Torres
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elza Rachid
- Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christiane Al-Haddad
- Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rose-Mary Boustany
- Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine/Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - David A Mackey
- Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Angela F Brady
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - María Fenollar-Cortés
- Unidad de Genética Clínica, Instituto de Medicina del Laboratorio. IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melanie Fradin
- Service de Génétique Clinique, CHU Rennes, Centre Labellisé Anomalies du Développement, Rennes, France
| | - Tjitske Kleefstra
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Center of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, the Netherlands
| | - George W Padberg
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Salmo Raskin
- Centro de Aconselhamento e Laboratório Genetika, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mario Teruo Sato
- Department of Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Stuart H Orkin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen C J Parker
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tessa A Hadlock
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans van Bokhoven
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ethylin Wang Jabs
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francis S Collins
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Len A Pennacchio
- Environmental Genomics & System Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Irini Manoli
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Engle
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gregersen PA, Funding M, Alsner J, Olsen MH, Overgaard J, Urbak SF, Staffieri SE, Lou S. Danish heritable retinoblastoma survivors' perspectives on reproductive choices: "It's important for me, not to pass on this condition". J Genet Couns 2023; 32:31-42. [PMID: 35876835 PMCID: PMC10087262 DOI: 10.1002/jgc4.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite reporting an overall normal life, survivors of heritable retinoblastoma face numerous physical and psychosocial issues. In particular, reproductive decision-making is often complex and difficult. This study aims to examine survivors' reflections on passing on heritable retinoblastoma to their children, how survivors approach their reproductive choices, and how the healthcare system can optimize counseling and support. Semi-structured interviews with Danish adult survivors of heritable retinoblastoma were qualitatively analyzed to explore their experiences. Participants were recruited from the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Thematic data analysis was conducted followed by a condensing process specifically for the subthemes relating to reproductive choices. A common subtheme for all participants was a strong wish to avoid passing on retinoblastoma to their children. The participants emphasized the various medical, practical, emotional, and moral issues impacting their final reproductive choice in the process of family planning to conceive a child unaffected by retinoblastoma. Some had no option other than to conceive naturally and hope for an unaffected baby; while others weighed the pros and cons of choosing natural conception with prenatal testing and then considering termination of pregnancy (in case of an affected fetus) versus choosing fertility treatment with preimplantation genetic testing to achieve an unaffected pregnancy. Several participants underlined the complexity of their decisions, and also expressed feelings of guilt, both toward their affected child, and guilt for putting their partner through many difficult decisions and obstacles due to their genetic condition. Our findings demonstrate how one family-planning decision is not unequivocally "better" or easier than another. Healthcare professionals must provide the necessary information and tools to support the individual's unique decision-making process. Survivors' autonomy and individual needs, as well as the numerous and diverse aspects of heritable retinoblastoma, should be carefully considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pernille A Gregersen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Funding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan Alsner
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maja H Olsen
- Survivorship and Inequality in Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Overgaard
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steen F Urbak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stina Lou
- Defactum - Public Health & Health Services Research, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Fetal Diagnostics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mackey DA, Ong JS, MacGregor S, Whiteman DC, Craig JE, Lopez Sanchez MIG, Kearns LS, Staffieri SE, Clarke L, McGuinness MB, Meteoukki W, Samuel S, Ruddle JB, Chen C, Fraser CL, Harrison J, Howell N, Hewitt AW. Is the disease risk and penetrance in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy actually low? Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:170-176. [PMID: 36565701 PMCID: PMC9892764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pedigree analysis showed that a large proportion of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) family members who carry a mitochondrial risk variant never lose vision. Mitochondrial haplotype appears to be a major factor influencing the risk of vision loss from LHON. Mitochondrial variants, including m.14484T>C and m.11778G>A, have been added to gene arrays, and thus many patients and research participants are tested for LHON mutations. Analysis of the UK Biobank and Australian cohort studies found more than 1 in 1,000 people in the general population carry either the m.14484T>C or the m.11778G>A LHON variant. None of the subset of carriers examined had visual acuity at 20/200 or worse, suggesting a very low penetrance of LHON. Haplogroup analysis of m.14484T>C carriers showed a high rate of haplogroup U subclades, previously shown to have low penetrance in pedigrees. Penetrance calculations of the general population are lower than pedigree calculations, most likely because of modifier genetic factors. This Matters Arising Response paper addresses the Watson et al. (2022) Matters Arising paper, published concurrently in The American Journal of Human Genetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7000 TAS, Australia; The University of Western Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, 6009 WA, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia.
| | - Jue-Sheng Ong
- Statistical Genetics Laboratory, Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006 QLD, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics Laboratory, Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006 QLD, Australia
| | - David C Whiteman
- Cancer Control Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006 QLD, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - M Isabel G Lopez Sanchez
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia; Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Parkville, 3010 VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia; Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Parkville, 3010 VIC, Australia
| | - Linda Clarke
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia
| | - Myra B McGuinness
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia
| | - Wafaa Meteoukki
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia
| | - Sona Samuel
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia; Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Parkville, 3010 VIC, Australia
| | - Celia Chen
- Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Clare L Fraser
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2000 NSW, Australia
| | - John Harrison
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, 4006 QLD Australia
| | | | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7000 TAS, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fu H, Siggs OM, Knight LS, Staffieri SE, Ruddle JB, Birsner AE, Collantes ER, Craig JE, Wiggs JL, D’Amato RJ. Thrombospondin 1 missense alleles induce extracellular matrix protein aggregation and TM dysfunction in congenital glaucoma. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:156967. [PMID: 36453543 PMCID: PMC9711877 DOI: 10.1172/jci156967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a highly heritable disease that is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Here, we identified heterozygous thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) missense alleles altering p.Arg1034, a highly evolutionarily conserved amino acid, in 3 unrelated and ethnically diverse families affected by congenital glaucoma, a severe form of glaucoma affecting children. Thbs1R1034C-mutant mice had elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), reduced ocular fluid outflow, and retinal ganglion cell loss. Histology revealed an abundant, abnormal extracellular accumulation of THBS1 with abnormal morphology of juxtacanalicular trabecular meshwork (TM), an ocular tissue critical for aqueous fluid outflow. Functional characterization showed that the THBS1 missense alleles found in affected individuals destabilized the THBS1 C-terminus, causing protein misfolding and extracellular aggregation. Analysis using a range of amino acid substitutions at position R1034 showed that the extent of aggregation was correlated with the change in protein-folding free energy caused by variations in amino acid structure. Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, especially fibronectin, which bind to THBS1, also accumulated within THBS1 deposits. These results show that missense variants altering THBS1 p.Arg1034 can cause elevated IOP through a mechanism involving impaired TM fluid outflow in association with accumulation of aggregated THBS1 in the ECM of juxtacanalicular meshwork with altered morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Fu
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Owen M. Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lachlan S.W. Knight
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sandra E. Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan B. Ruddle
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy E. Birsner
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jamie E. Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert J. D’Amato
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Souzeau E, Siggs OM, Mullany S, Schmidt JM, Hassall MM, Dubowsky A, Chappell A, Breen J, Bae H, Nicholl J, Hadler J, Kearns LS, Staffieri SE, Hewitt AW, Mackey DA, Gupta A, Burdon KP, Klebe S, Craig JE, Mills RA. Diagnostic yield of candidate genes in an Australian corneal dystrophy cohort. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e2023. [PMID: 35985662 PMCID: PMC9544209 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal dystrophies describe a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of inherited disorders. The International Classification of Corneal Dystrophies (IC3D) lists 22 types of corneal dystrophy, 17 of which have been demonstrated to result from pathogenic variants in 19 identified genes. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic yield of genetic testing in a well‐characterised cohort of 58 individuals from 44 families with different types of corneal dystrophy. Individuals diagnosed solely with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy were excluded. Clinical details were obtained from the treating ophthalmologist. Participants and their family members were tested using a gene candidate and exome sequencing approach. We identified a likely molecular diagnosis in 70.5% families (31/44). The detection rate was significantly higher among probands with a family history of corneal dystrophy (15/16, 93.8%) than those without (16/28, 57.1%, p = .015), and among those who had undergone corneal graft surgery (9/9, 100.0%) compared to those who had not (22/35, 62.9%, p = .041). We identified eight novel variants in five genes and identified five families with syndromes associated with corneal dystrophies. Our findings highlight the genetic heterogeneity of corneal dystrophies and the clinical utility of genetic testing in reaching an accurate clinical diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sean Mullany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Joshua M Schmidt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark M Hassall
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Angela Chappell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - James Breen
- South Australian Genomics Centre (SAGC), South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Haae Bae
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Aanchal Gupta
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Eye & Laser Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sonja Klebe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Richard A Mills
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jones JL, McComish BJ, Staffieri SE, Souzeau E, Kearns LS, Elder JE, Charlesworth JC, Mackey DA, Ruddle JB, Taranath D, Pater J, Casey T, Craig JE, Burdon KP. Pathogenic genetic variants identified in Australian families with paediatric cataract. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2022; 7:bmjophth-2022-001064. [PMID: 36161833 PMCID: PMC9422809 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2022-001064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Paediatric (childhood or congenital) cataract is an opacification of the normally clear lens of the eye and has a genetic basis in at least 18% of cases in Australia. This study aimed to replicate clinical gene screening to identify variants likely to be causative of disease in an Australian patient cohort. Methods and analysis Sixty-three reported isolated cataract genes were screened for rare coding variants in 37 Australian families using genome sequencing. Results Disease-causing variants were confirmed in eight families with variant classification as ‘likely pathogenic’. This included novel variants PITX3 p.(Ter303LeuextTer100), BFSP1 p.(Glu375GlyfsTer2), and GJA8 p.(Pro189Ser), as well as, previously described variants identified in genes GJA3, GJA8, CRYAA, BFSP1, PITX3, COL4A1 and HSF4. Additionally, eight variants of uncertain significance with evidence towards pathogenicity were identified in genes: GJA3, GJA8, LEMD2, PRX, CRYBB1, BFSP2, and MIP. Conclusion These findings expand the genotype–phenotype correlations of both pathogenic and benign variation in cataract-associated genes. They further emphasise the need to develop additional evidence such as functional assays and variant classification criteria specific to paediatric cataract genes to improve interpretation of variants and molecular diagnosis in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna L Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Bennet J McComish
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jac C Charlesworth
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deepa Taranath
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - John Pater
- Ophthalmology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Theresa Casey
- Ophthalmology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fabian ID, Abdallah E, Abdullahi SU, Abdulqader RA, Abdulrahaman AA, Abouelnaga S, Ademola-Popoola DS, Adio A, Afifi MA, Afshar AR, Aggarwal P, Aghaji AE, Ahmad A, Akib MNR, Akinsete A, Al Harby L, Al Mesfer S, Al Ani MH, Alarcón Portabella S, Al-Badri SAF, Alcasabas APA, Al-Dahmash SA, Alejos A, Alemany-Rubio E, Alfa Bio AI, Alfonso Carreras Y, Al-Haddad CE, Al-Hussaini HHY, Ali AM, Alia DB, Al-Jadiry MF, Al-Jumaily U, Alkatan HM, All-Eriksson C, Al-Mafrachi AARM, Almeida AA, Alsawidi KM, Al-Shaheen AASM, Al-Shammary EH, Amankwaa-Frempong D, Amiruddin PO, Armytasari I, Astbury NJ, Atalay HT, Ataseven E, Atchaneeyasakul LO, Atsiaya R, Autrata R, Balaguer J, Balayeva R, Barranco H, Bartoszek P, Bartuma K, Bascaran C, Bechrakis NE, Beck Popovic M, Begimkulova AS, Benmiloud S, Berete RC, Berry JL, Bhaduri A, Bhat S, Bhattacharyya A, Biewald EM, Binkley E, Blum S, Bobrova N, Boldt H, Bonanomi MTBC, Bouda GC, Bouguila H, Brennan RC, Brichard BG, Buaboonnam J, Budiongo A, Burton MJ, Calderón-Sotelo P, Calle Jara DA, Camuglia JE, Cano MR, Capra M, Caspi S, Cassoux N, Castela G, Castillo L, Català-Mora J, Cavieres I, Chandramohan A, Chantada GL, Chaudhry S, Chawla B, Chen W, Chiwanga FS, Chuluunbat T, Cieslik K, Clark A, Cockcroft RL, Comsa C, Correa Llano MG, Corson TW, Couitchere L, Cowan-Lyn KE, Csóka M, Dangboon W, Das A, Das P, Das S, Davanzo JM, Davidson A, De Francesco S, De Potter P, Quintero D K, Demirci H, Desjardins L, Díaz Coronado RY, Dimaras H, Dodgshun AJ, Donato Macedo CR, Dragomir MD, Du Y, Du Bruyn M, Du Plessis J, Dudeja G, Eerme K, Eka Sutyawan IW, El Kettani A, Elbahi AM, Elder JE, Elhaddad AM, Elhassan MMA, Elzembely MM, Ericksen C, Essuman VA, Evina TGA, Ezegwui IR, Fadoo Z, Fandiño AC, Faranoush M, Fasina O, Fernández DDPG, Fernández-Teijeiro A, Foster A, Frenkel S, Fu LD, Fuentes-Alabi SL, Garcia JL, García Aldana D, Garcia Pacheco HN, Geel JA, Ghassemi F, Girón AV, Goenz MA, Gold AS, Goldberg H, Gole GA, Gomel N, Gonzalez E, Gonzalez Perez G, González-Rodríguez L, Gorfine M, Graells J, Gregersen PA, Grigorovski NDAK, Guedenon KM, Gunasekera DS, Gündüz AK, Gupta H, Gupta S, Gupta V, Hadjistilianou T, Hamel P, Hamid SA, Hamzah N, Hansen ED, Harbour JW, Hartnett ME, Hasanreisoglu M, Muhammad H, Hassan S, Hassan S, Hautz W, Haydar H, Hederova S, Hessissen L, Hongeng S, Hordofa DF, Hubbard GB, Hummelen M, Husakova K, Hussein Al-Janabi AN, Ibanga A, Ida R, Ilic VR, Islamov Z, Jairaj V, Janjua T, Jeeva I, Ji X, Jo DH, Jones MM, Kabesha Amani TB, Kabore RL, Kaliki S, Kalinaki A, Kamsang P, Kantar M, Kapelushnik N, Kardava T, Kebudi R, Keomisy J, Kepak T, Ketteler P, Khan ZJ, Khaqan HA, Khetan V, Khodabande A, Khotenashvili Z, Kim JW, Kim JH, Kiratli H, Kivela TT, Klett A, Koç I, Kosh Komba Palet JE, Krivaitiene D, Kruger M, Kulvichit K, Kuntorini MW, Kyara A, Lam GC, Larson SA, Latinović S, Laurenti KD, Lavy Y, Lavric Groznik A, Leverant AA, Li C, Li K, Limbu B, Liu CH, Quah B, López JP, Lukamba RM, Luna-Fineman S, Lutfi D, Lysytsia L, Madgar S, Magrath GN, Mahajan A, Maitra P, Maka E, Makimbetov EK, Maktabi A, Maldonado C, Mallipatna A, Manudhane R, Manzhuova L, Martín-Begue N, Masud S, Matende IO, Mattosinho CCDS, Matua M, Mayet I, Mbumba FB, McKenzie JD, Mehrvar A, Mengesha AA, Menon V, Mercado GJV, Mets MB, Midena E, Miller A, Mishra DKC, Mndeme FG, Mohamedani AA, Mohammad MT, Moll AC, Montero MM, Moreira C, Mruthyunjaya P, Msina MS, Msukwa G, Mudaliar SS, Muma KIM, Munier FL, Murray TG, Musa KO, Mushtaq A, Musika AA, Mustak H, Mustapha T, Muyen OM, Myezo KH, Naidu G, Naidu N, Nair AG, Natarajan S, Naumenko L, Ndoye Roth PA, Nency YM, Neroev V, Ng Y, Nikitovic M, Nkanga ED, Nkumbe HE, Numbi MN, Nummi K, Nuruddin M, Nyaywa M, Nyirenda C, Obono-Obiang G, Oliver SCN, Oporto J, Ortega-Hernández M, Oscar AH, Ossandon D, Pagarra H, Paintsil V, Paiva L, Palanivelu MS, Papyan R, Parrozzani R, Pascual Morales CR, Paton KE, Pe'er J, Peralta Calvo J, Perić S, Pham CTM, Philbert R, Plager DA, Pochop P, Polania RA, Polyakov V, Ponce J, Qadir AO, Qayyum S, Qian J, Refaeli D, Rahman A, Rajkarnikar P, Ramanjulu R, Ramasubramanian A, Ramirez-Ortiz MA, Randhawa JK, Randrianarisoa HL, Raobela L, Rashid R, Reddy M, Renner LA, Reynders D, Ribadu D, Ritter-Sovinz P, Rogowska A, Rojanaporn D, Romero L, Roy SR, Saab RH, Saakyan S, Sabhan AH, Sagoo MS, Said AMA, Saiju R, Salas B, San Román Pacheco S, Sánchez GL, Sanchez Orozco AJ, Sayalith P, Scanlan TA, Schlüter S, Schwab C, Sedaghat A, Seth R, Sgroi M, Shah AS, Shakoor SA, Sharma MK, Sherief ST, Shields CL, Sia D, Siddiqui SN, Sidi cheikh S, Silva S, Singh AD, Singh U, Singha P, Sitorus RS, Skalet AH, Soebagjo HD, Sorochynska T, Ssali G, Stacey AW, Staffieri SE, Stahl ED, Steinberg DM, Stones DK, Strahlendorf C, Suarez MEC, Sultana S, Sun X, Superstein R, Supriyadi E, Surukrattanaskul S, Suzuki S, Svojgr K, Sylla F, Tamamyan G, Tan D, Tandili A, Tang J, Tarrillo Leiva FF, Tashvighi M, Tateshi B, Teh KH, Tehuteru ES, Teixeira LF, Tekavcic Pompe M, Thawaba ADM, Theophile T, Toledano H, Trang DL, Traoré F, Tripathy D, Tuncer S, Tyau-Tyau H, Umar AB, Unal E, Uner OE, Urbak SF, Ushakova TL, Usmanov RH, Valeina S, Valente P, van Hoefen Wijsard M, Vasquez Anchaya JK, Vaughan LO, Veleva-Krasteva NV, Verma N, Victor AA, Viksnins M, Villacís Chafla EG, Villegas VM, Vishnevskia-Dai V, Waddell K, Wali AH, Wang YZ, Wangtiraumnuay N, Wetter J, Widiarti W, Wilson MW, Wime ADC, Wiwatwongwana A, Wiwatwongwana D, Wolley Dod C, Wong ES, Wongwai P, Wu SQ, Xiang D, Xiao Y, Xu B, Xue K, Yaghy A, Yam JC, Yang H, Yanga JM, Yaqub MA, Yarovaya VA, Yarovoy AA, Ye H, Yee RI, Yousef YA, Yuliawati P, Zapata López AM, Zein E, Zhang Y, Zhilyaeva K, Zia N, Ziko OAO, Zondervan M, Bowman R. The Global Retinoblastoma Outcome Study: a prospective, cluster-based analysis of 4064 patients from 149 countries. The Lancet Global Health 2022; 10:e1128-e1140. [PMID: 35839812 PMCID: PMC9397647 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular cancer worldwide. There is some evidence to suggest that major differences exist in treatment outcomes for children with retinoblastoma from different regions, but these differences have not been assessed on a global scale. We aimed to report 3-year outcomes for children with retinoblastoma globally and to investigate factors associated with survival. Methods We did a prospective cluster-based analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed between Jan 1, 2017, and Dec 31, 2017, then treated and followed up for 3 years. Patients were recruited from 260 specialised treatment centres worldwide. Data were obtained from participating centres on primary and additional treatments, duration of follow-up, metastasis, eye globe salvage, and survival outcome. We analysed time to death and time to enucleation with Cox regression models. Findings The cohort included 4064 children from 149 countries. The median age at diagnosis was 23·2 months (IQR 11·0–36·5). Extraocular tumour spread (cT4 of the cTNMH classification) at diagnosis was reported in five (0·8%) of 636 children from high-income countries, 55 (5·4%) of 1027 children from upper-middle-income countries, 342 (19·7%) of 1738 children from lower-middle-income countries, and 196 (42·9%) of 457 children from low-income countries. Enucleation surgery was available for all children and intravenous chemotherapy was available for 4014 (98·8%) of 4064 children. The 3-year survival rate was 99·5% (95% CI 98·8–100·0) for children from high-income countries, 91·2% (89·5–93·0) for children from upper-middle-income countries, 80·3% (78·3–82·3) for children from lower-middle-income countries, and 57·3% (52·1-63·0) for children from low-income countries. On analysis, independent factors for worse survival were residence in low-income countries compared to high-income countries (hazard ratio 16·67; 95% CI 4·76–50·00), cT4 advanced tumour compared to cT1 (8·98; 4·44–18·18), and older age at diagnosis in children up to 3 years (1·38 per year; 1·23–1·56). For children aged 3–7 years, the mortality risk decreased slightly (p=0·0104 for the change in slope). Interpretation This study, estimated to include approximately half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017, shows profound inequity in survival of children depending on the national income level of their country of residence. In high-income countries, death from retinoblastoma is rare, whereas in low-income countries estimated 3-year survival is just over 50%. Although essential treatments are available in nearly all countries, early diagnosis and treatment in low-income countries are key to improving survival outcomes. Funding Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust.
Collapse
|
9
|
Knight LSW, Ridge B, Staffieri SE, Craig JE, Prem Senthil M, Souzeau E. Quality of life in children with glaucoma: a qualitative interview study in Australia. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062754. [PMID: 35858727 PMCID: PMC9305814 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Childhood glaucoma is a chronic vision-threatening condition that may significantly impact an individual's psychosocial well-being. There is a paucity of literature investigating the quality of life (QoL) in children with glaucoma. The aim of this study was to investigate and report on the QoL issues encountered by children with glaucoma. DESIGN This is a qualitative interview study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews. NVivo V.12 software (QSR International Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia) was used to analyse and code data to identify QoL themes. The prominence of QoL themes was determined by the number of children who raised issues connected to the corresponding theme. SETTING Interviews were conducted via telephone or videoconferencing between April 2020 and July 2021. PARTICIPANTS Eighteen children with glaucoma, aged 8-17 years, who resided in Australia, were recruited from the Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma. RESULTS Median child age was 12.1 years (IQR: 9.7-14.5 years) and 33% were female. Seven QoL themes were identified: 'coping', 'inconveniences' and 'emotional well-being' were more prominent themes than 'symptoms', 'ocular health concerns', 'social well-being' and 'autonomy'. Adaptive coping strategies included resilience throughout clinical examinations and establishing positive relationships with ophthalmologists. These minimised inconveniences related to clinic waiting times and pupillary dilatation. External to the clinical setting, children often dissociated from their glaucoma but struggled with glare symptoms and feeling misunderstood by fellow peers. Older children aged 13-17 years commonly disengaged from their glaucoma care and expressed an unwillingness to attend ophthalmic appointments. Older children further raised issues with career options, obtaining a driver's licence and family planning under the theme of autonomy. CONCLUSIONS The psychosocial impact of childhood glaucoma extends beyond the clinical environment and was minimised using coping strategies. Older children may require additional social and ophthalmic support as they transition into adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan S W Knight
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Ridge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mallika Prem Senthil
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gregersen PA, Funding M, Alsner J, Olsen MH, Overgaard J, Staffieri SE, Lou S, Urbak SF. Genetic testing in adult survivors of retinoblastoma in Denmark: A study of the experience and impact of genetic testing many years after initial diagnosis. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104569. [PMID: 35843585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survivors with heritable retinoblastoma (RB) face a high risk for second primary cancer and RB in their children. Knowledge of heredity can support second cancer surveillance, convey reproductive options or early diagnosis of RB in their offspring. Currently, all newly diagnosed Danish patients with RB are offered genetic testing, as opposed to a minority of survivors diagnosed before available DNA testing. OBJECTIVE To examine RB survivors' response to unsolicited contact, uptake of genetic testing, and RB1 variant detection rate, and to qualitatively evaluate the experience and overall impact of genetic testing for heritable RB. METHODS Genetically untested adult RB survivors were invited to receive genetic counseling, undergo genetic testing for heritable RB and complete an eye examination. The number of responses, uptake of genetic testing and genetic results are descriptively reported. Additionally, responding survivors participated in a qualitative interview study of the perceived impact of genetic testing. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. RESULTS Among invited RB survivors, 58% responded. Of these, 88% opted for genetic counseling and genetic testing. A diagnosis of heritable RB was established in 23% of RB survivors. Interestingly, all of these survivors were unilaterally affected. Analysis of data from the interviews revealed three recurring themes regarding the impact of genetic counseling and testing several years after initial diagnosis: 'Risk of what?', 'Knowledge is important' and 'Impact of the result'. The possible risk ofsecond cancer and RB in their children was new knowledge for several participants; however, in general, the participants appreciated receiving genetic information and certainty about heredity. Accordingly, the impact of genetic counseling and testing was perceived in a positive way. CONCLUSION Overall, RB survivors valued the opportunity to receive genetic counseling and undergo genetic testing many years after diagnosis. Responding RB survivors appreciated the invitation to test, felt well-informed and described little decisional conflict regarding their decision-making, valuing the genetic information and certainty. Heritable RB was confirmed in 23% of the previously untested RB survivors. These individuals emphasized the value of knowing and being proactive regarding both reproduction and cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pernille A Gregersen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Mikkel Funding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan Alsner
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maja H Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Overgaard
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stina Lou
- Defactum - Public Health & Health Services Research, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Fetal Diagnostics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steen F Urbak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Knight LS, Ridge B, Staffieri SE, Craig JE, Senthil MP, Souzeau E. The caregiver experience in childhood glaucoma: An interview study. Ophthalmol Glaucoma 2022; 5:531-543. [PMID: 35151897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogla.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate and report on the quality of life (QoL) issues experienced by caregivers of individuals with childhood glaucoma. DESIGN Exploratory qualitative study PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-five caregivers of individuals with childhood glaucoma (defined as disease onset <18 years) recruited from the Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma. METHODS A qualitative research methodology (interpretive phenomenology) was applied. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews. NVivo-12 software (QSR International Pty Ltd) was used to inductively analyze, code, and organize data into QoL themes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Quality of life themes and their sub-themes. RESULTS The mean caregiver age was 50.2 ± 13.6 years and 27/35 (77%) were mothers of an individual with childhood glaucoma. A total of six QoL themes were identified. Coping strategies and emotional well-being were the most prominent themes. Caregivers frequently adopted problem-focused adaptive coping strategies including partner and/or peer support and normalization. A caregivers' psychosocial well-being was often impacted by feelings of guilt and regret regarding their child's delayed diagnosis, fear and anxiety related to medical and social support, and loss of control as their child developed medical autonomy. The effect of family planning from the perspective of the caregiver formed a novel QoL theme and was associated with normalization and parental confidence in management of the condition. CONCLUSION Childhood glaucoma poses a substantial threat to a caregivers' psychosocial well-being. Strategies which promote normalization, peer support, psychotherapeutic intervention and genetic counseling may be indicated and indeed critical to the caregiver as they adapt to supporting their child with glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan Sw Knight
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Bronwyn Ridge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia; Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Mallika Prem Senthil
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gregersen PA, Funding M, Alsner J, Olsen MH, Overgaard J, Urbak SF, Staffieri SE, Lou S. Living with heritable retinoblastoma and the perceived role of regular follow-up at a retinoblastoma survivorship clinic: 'That is exactly what I have been missing'. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2021; 6:e000760. [PMID: 34568581 PMCID: PMC8438830 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore living with heritable retinoblastoma, specifically survivors’ perceived role of regular follow-up at a retinoblastoma survivorship clinic. Methods and analysis Adult survivors of heritable retinoblastoma were recruited from the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital. Ten survivors participated in individual explorative, semistructured interviews. Thematic data analysis was conducted. Results Five key themes relating to vision, social life, family, second cancer risk and the healthcare system were identified. Subthemes relating to the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic included the retinoblastoma coordinator, cancer risk, psychosocial support and genetic knowledge. The retinoblastoma-related physical and psychosocial issues influenced survivors’ everyday living; however, the opportunity to live a normal life varied considerably, with the majority experiencing no major limitations. The need for specialised management and a coordinator was emphasised to be the main value of the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic. Conclusion Despite reporting an overall normal life and no major limitations in daily living activities, our data confirm that heritable retinoblastoma impacts several aspects of daily living. Uniquely, this study demonstrates that the main value of the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic was a specialised contact person and coordinator in the healthcare system, providing continuous and necessary management and guidance after retinoblastoma treatment, and for all aspects of health related to heritable retinoblastoma. The needs of heritable retinoblastoma survivors are complex and extensive, and the specific role of the healthcare system to support survivorship should be prioritised, specialised and multidisciplinary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Axel Gregersen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Rare Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Funding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan Alsner
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maja H Olsen
- Survivorship and Inequality in Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Overgaard
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steen F Urbak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stina Lou
- Defactum - Public Health & Health Services Research, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Fetal Diagnostics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fabian ID, Khetan V, Stacey AW, Allen Foster, Ademola-Popoola DS, Berry JL, Cassoux N, Chantada GL, Hessissen L, Kaliki S, Kivelä TT, Luna-Fineman S, Munier FL, Reddy MA, Rojanaporn D, Blum S, Sherief ST, Staffieri SE, Theophile T, Waddell K, Ji X, Astbury NJ, Bascaran C, Burton M, Zondervan M, Bowman R. Sex, gender, and retinoblastoma: analysis of 4351 patients from 153 countries. Eye (Lond) 2021; 36:1571-1577. [PMID: 34272514 PMCID: PMC9307655 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate in a large global sample of patients with retinoblastoma whether sex predilection exists for this childhood eye cancer. Methods A cross-sectional analysis including 4351 treatment-naive retinoblastoma patients from 153 countries who presented to 278 treatment centers across the world in 2017. The sex ratio (male/female) in the sample was compared to the sex ratio at birth by means of a two-sided proportions test at global level, country economic grouping, continent, and for selected countries. Results For the entire sample, the mean retinoblastoma sex ratio, 1.20, was higher than the weighted global sex ratio at birth, 1.07 (p < 0.001). Analysis at economic grouping, continent, and country-level demonstrated differences in the sex ratio in the sample compared to the ratio at birth in lower-middle-income countries (n = 1940), 1.23 vs. 1.07 (p = 0.019); Asia (n = 2276), 1.28 vs. 1.06 (p < 0.001); and India (n = 558), 1.52 vs. 1.11 (p = 0.008). Sensitivity analysis, excluding data from India, showed that differences remained significant for the remaining sample (χ2 = 6.925, corrected p = 0.025) and for Asia (χ2 = 5.084, corrected p = 0.036). Excluding data from Asia, differences for the remaining sample were nonsignificant (χ2 = 2.205, p = 0.14). Conclusions No proof of sex predilection in retinoblastoma was found in the present study, which is estimated to include over half of new retinoblastoma patients worldwide in 2017. A high male to female ratio in Asian countries, India in specific, which may have had an impact on global-level analysis, is likely due to gender discrimination in access to care in these countries, rather than a biological difference between sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ido Didi Fabian
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. .,The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | | | - Andrew W Stacey
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allen Foster
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Dupe S Ademola-Popoola
- University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Jesse L Berry
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nathalie Cassoux
- Institut Curie, Université de Paris Medicine Paris V Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - Laila Hessissen
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Swathi Kaliki
- The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Tero T Kivelä
- Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sandra Luna-Fineman
- Hematology/Oncology/SCT, Center for Global Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Francis L Munier
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile de Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Ashwin Reddy
- The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Duangnate Rojanaporn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sharon Blum
- The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sadik T Sherief
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Xunda Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nicholas J Astbury
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Covadonga Bascaran
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Matthew Burton
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Marcia Zondervan
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Richard Bowman
- International Centre for Eye Helath, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Ophthalmology Department, Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Knight LSW, Ruddle JB, Taranath DA, Goldberg I, Smith JEH, Gole G, Chiang MY, Willett F, D'Mellow G, Breen J, Qassim A, Mullany S, Elder JE, Vincent AL, Staffieri SE, Kearns LS, Mackey DA, Luu S, Siggs OM, Souzeau E, Craig JE. Childhood and Early Onset Glaucoma Classification and Genetic Profile in a Large Australasian Disease Registry. Ophthalmology 2021; 128:1549-1560. [PMID: 33892047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the relative frequencies of childhood and early onset glaucoma subtypes and their genetic findings in a large single cohort. DESIGN Retrospective clinical and molecular study. PARTICIPANTS All individuals with childhood glaucoma (diagnosed 0 to <18 years) and early onset glaucoma (diagnosed 18 to <40 years) referred to a national disease registry. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the referrals of all individuals with glaucoma diagnosed at <40 years of age recruited to the Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma (ANZRAG). Subtypes of glaucoma were determined using the Childhood Glaucoma Research Network (CGRN) classification system. DNA extracted from blood or saliva samples underwent sequencing of genes associated with glaucoma. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The phenotype and genotype distribution of glaucoma diagnosed at <40 years of age. RESULTS A total of 290 individuals (533 eyes) with childhood glaucoma and 370 individuals (686 eyes) with early onset glaucoma were referred to the ANZRAG. Primary glaucoma was the most prevalent condition in both cohorts. In the childhood cohort, 57.6% of individuals (167/290, 303 eyes) had primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), and 19.3% (56/290, 109 eyes) had juvenile open-angle glaucoma. Juvenile open-angle glaucoma constituted 73.2% of the early onset glaucoma cohort (271/370, 513 eyes). Genetic testing in probands resulted in a diagnostic yield of 24.7% (125/506) and a reclassification of glaucoma subtype in 10.4% of probands (13/125). The highest molecular diagnostic rate was achieved in probands with glaucoma associated with nonacquired ocular anomalies (56.5%). Biallelic variants in CYP1B1 (n = 29, 23.2%) and heterozygous variants in MYOC (n = 24, 19.2%) and FOXC1 (n = 21, 16.8%) were most commonly reported among probands with a molecular diagnosis. Biallelic CYP1B1 variants were reported in twice as many female individuals as male individuals with PCG (66.7% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS We report on the largest cohort of individuals with childhood and early onset glaucoma from Australasia using the CGRN classification. Primary glaucoma was most prevalent. Genetic diagnoses ascertained in 24.7% of probands supported clinical diagnoses and genetic counseling. International collaborative efforts are required to identify further genes because the majority of individuals still lack a clear molecular diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan S W Knight
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deepa A Taranath
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ivan Goldberg
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - James E H Smith
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Glen Gole
- University of Queensland Children's Health Queensland Clinical Unit, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark Y Chiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Faren Willett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - James Breen
- South Australian Genomics Centre, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ayub Qassim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sean Mullany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrea L Vincent
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Eye Department, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Vision Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Susie Luu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Staffieri SE, Mathew AA, Sheth SJ, Ruddle JB, Elder JE. Parent satisfaction and acceptability of telehealth consultations in pediatric ophthalmology: initial experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. J AAPOS 2021; 25:104-107. [PMID: 33689911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Telehealth in pediatric ophthalmology has predominantly been utilized and reported in the setting of clinician-to-clinician opinion or store-and-forward of images, particularly in the diagnosis and management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We present our initial experience of using a telehealth model of care to deliver real-time specialist pediatric ophthalmology services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Over a 5-week period, parents were invited to complete an anonymous survey following a telehealth ophthalmology consultation for their child. The survey explored their satisfaction, acceptance, and feedback relating to their experience. With an overall response rate of 49.4%, satisfaction was high (43.8% very satisfied; 38.2% satisfied). Most parents (71.9%) would consider telehealth for future ophthalmology consultations for their child.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria; Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria.
| | - Anu A Mathew
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria; Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria
| | - Shivanand J Sheth
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria; Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria; Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Staffieri SE, Rees G, Sanfilippo PG, Cole S, Mackey DA, Hewitt AW. Improving parents' knowledge of early signs of paediatric eye disease: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 48:1250-1260. [PMID: 33058401 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Educating parents to recognize signs of eye disease and consult a healthcare professional is critical to timely diagnosis, intervention and outcomes. BACKGROUND We evaluate the effectiveness of an eye-health information pamphlet on parents' level of concern and help-seeking intention should they hypothetically observe leukocoria or strabismus in their child. DESIGN Double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted at a metropolitan antenatal outpatient clinic. PARTICIPANTS In total, 518 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. METHODS After completing a study-specific, pre-test survey describing hypothetical clinical scenarios at baseline, participants were randomly assigned to receive a pamphlet on either paediatric eye health (intervention) or infant play (control). The post-test survey was sent by email 2 weeks after baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A change in the parents' level of concern if they observed leukocoria or strabismus and a change in their help-seeking intention if they hypothetically observed leukocoria or strabismus in their child. RESULTS Of the 518 women, 382 (73.7%) completed the post-test survey. At follow-up, women who received the intervention were more likely to report a higher level of concern if they observed leukocoria (OR 1.711 [CI: 1.176-2.497] P = .005]) and were less likely to delay help-seeking (OR 0.560 [CI 0.382-0.817] P = .003). No change in the level of concern for strabismus was identified between the groups; however, at follow-up, women who received the intervention were less likely to delay help-seeking (OR 0.318 [CI 0.125-0.806] P = .016). CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Providing parents with relevant, evidence-based information can significantly improve their knowledge and positively influence help-seeking intentions if leukocoria or strabismus are observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gwyneth Rees
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul G Sanfilippo
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Cole
- Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Lion's Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fabian ID, Abdallah E, Abdullahi SU, Abdulqader RA, Adamou Boubacar S, Ademola-Popoola DS, Adio A, Afshar AR, Aggarwal P, Aghaji AE, Ahmad A, Akib MNR, Al Harby L, Al Ani MH, Alakbarova A, Portabella SA, Al-Badri SAF, Alcasabas APA, Al-Dahmash SA, Alejos A, Alemany-Rubio E, Alfa Bio AI, Alfonso Carreras Y, Al-Haddad C, Al-Hussaini HHY, Ali AM, Alia DB, Al-Jadiry MF, Al-Jumaily U, Alkatan HM, All-Eriksson C, Al-Mafrachi AARM, Almeida AA, Alsawidi KM, Al-Shaheen AASM, Al-Shammary EH, Amiruddin PO, Antonino R, Astbury NJ, Atalay HT, Atchaneeyasakul LO, Atsiaya R, Attaseth T, Aung TH, Ayala S, Baizakova B, Balaguer J, Balayeva R, Balwierz W, Barranco H, Bascaran C, Beck Popovic M, Benavides R, Benmiloud S, Bennani Guebessi N, Berete RC, Berry JL, Bhaduri A, Bhat S, Biddulph SJ, Biewald EM, Bobrova N, Boehme M, Boldt HC, Bonanomi MTBC, Bornfeld N, Bouda GC, Bouguila H, Boumedane A, Brennan RC, Brichard BG, Buaboonnam J, Calderón-Sotelo P, Calle Jara DA, Camuglia JE, Cano MR, Capra M, Cassoux N, Castela G, Castillo L, Català-Mora J, Chantada GL, Chaudhry S, Chaugule SS, Chauhan A, Chawla B, Chernodrinska VS, Chiwanga FS, Chuluunbat T, Cieslik K, Cockcroft RL, Comsa C, Correa ZM, Correa Llano MG, Corson TW, Cowan-Lyn KE, Csóka M, Cui X, Da Gama IV, Dangboon W, Das A, Das S, Davanzo JM, Davidson A, De Potter P, Delgado KQ, Demirci H, Desjardins L, Diaz Coronado RY, Dimaras H, Dodgshun AJ, Donaldson C, Donato Macedo CR, Dragomir MD, Du Y, Du Bruyn M, Edison KS, Eka Sutyawan IW, El Kettani A, Elbahi AM, Elder JE, Elgalaly D, Elhaddad AM, Elhassan MMA, Elzembely MM, Essuman VA, Evina TGA, Fadoo Z, Fandiño AC, Faranoush M, Fasina O, Fernández DDPG, Fernández-Teijeiro A, Foster A, Frenkel S, Fu LD, Fuentes-Alabi SL, Gallie BL, Gandiwa M, Garcia JL, García Aldana D, Gassant PY, Geel JA, Ghassemi F, Girón AV, Gizachew Z, Goenz MA, Gold AS, Goldberg-Lavid M, Gole GA, Gomel N, Gonzalez E, Gonzalez Perez G, González-Rodríguez L, Garcia Pacheco HN, Graells J, Green L, Gregersen PA, Grigorovski NDAK, Guedenon KM, Gunasekera DS, Gündüz AK, Gupta H, Gupta S, Hadjistilianou T, Hamel P, Hamid SA, Hamzah N, Hansen ED, Harbour JW, Hartnett ME, Hasanreisoglu M, Hassan S, Hassan S, Hederova S, Hernandez J, Hernandez LMC, Hessissen L, Hordofa DF, Huang LC, Hubbard GB, Hummlen M, Husakova K, Hussein Al-Janabi AN, Ida R, Ilic VR, Jairaj V, Jeeva I, Jenkinson H, Ji X, Jo DH, Johnson KP, Johnson WJ, Jones MM, Kabesha TBA, Kabore RL, Kaliki S, Kalinaki A, Kantar M, Kao LY, Kardava T, Kebudi R, Kepak T, Keren-Froim N, Khan ZJ, Khaqan HA, Khauv P, Kheir WJ, Khetan V, Khodabande A, Khotenashvili Z, Kim JW, Kim JH, Kiratli H, Kivelä TT, Klett A, Komba Palet JEK, Krivaitiene D, Kruger M, Kulvichit K, Kuntorini MW, Kyara A, Lachmann ES, Lam CPS, Lam GC, Larson SA, Latinovic S, Laurenti KD, Le BHA, Lecuona K, Leverant AA, Li C, Limbu B, Long QB, López JP, Lukamba RM, Lumbroso L, Luna-Fineman S, Lutfi D, Lysytsia L, Magrath GN, Mahajan A, Majeed AR, Maka E, Makan M, Makimbetov EK, Manda C, Martín Begue N, Mason L, Mason JO, Matende IO, Materin M, Mattosinho CCDS, Matua M, Mayet I, Mbumba FB, McKenzie JD, Medina-Sanson A, Mehrvar A, Mengesha AA, Menon V, Mercado GJVD, Mets MB, Midena E, Mishra DKC, Mndeme FG, Mohamedani AA, Mohammad MT, Moll AC, Montero MM, Morales RA, Moreira C, Mruthyunjaya P, Msina MS, Msukwa G, Mudaliar SS, Muma KI, Munier FL, Murgoi G, Murray TG, Musa KO, Mushtaq A, Mustak H, Muyen OM, Naidu G, Nair AG, Naumenko L, Ndoye Roth PA, Nency YM, Neroev V, Ngo H, Nieves RM, Nikitovic M, Nkanga ED, Nkumbe H, Nuruddin M, Nyaywa M, Obono-Obiang G, Oguego NC, Olechowski A, Oliver SCN, Osei-Bonsu P, Ossandon D, Paez-Escamilla MA, Pagarra H, Painter SL, Paintsil V, Paiva L, Pal BP, Palanivelu MS, Papyan R, Parrozzani R, Parulekar M, Pascual Morales CR, Paton KE, Pawinska-Wasikowska K, Pe'er J, Peña A, Peric S, Pham CTM, Philbert R, Plager DA, Pochop P, Polania RA, Polyakov VG, Pompe MT, Pons JJ, Prat D, Prom V, Purwanto I, Qadir AO, Qayyum S, Qian J, Rahman A, Rahman S, Rahmat J, Rajkarnikar P, Ramanjulu R, Ramasubramanian A, Ramirez-Ortiz MA, Raobela L, Rashid R, Reddy MA, Reich E, Renner LA, Reynders D, Ribadu D, Riheia MM, Ritter-Sovinz P, Rojanaporn D, Romero L, Roy SR, Saab RH, Saakyan S, Sabhan AH, Sagoo MS, Said AMA, Saiju R, Salas B, San Román Pacheco S, Sánchez GL, Sayalith P, Scanlan TA, Schefler AC, Schoeman J, Sedaghat A, Seregard S, Seth R, Shah AS, Shakoor SA, Sharma MK, Sherief ST, Shetye NG, Shields CL, Siddiqui SN, Sidi Cheikh S, Silva S, Singh AD, Singh N, Singh U, Singha P, Sitorus RS, Skalet AH, Soebagjo HD, Sorochynska T, Ssali G, Stacey AW, Staffieri SE, Stahl ED, Stathopoulos C, Stirn Kranjc B, Stones DK, Strahlendorf C, Suarez MEC, Sultana S, Sun X, Sundy M, Superstein R, Supriyadi E, Surukrattanaskul S, Suzuki S, Svojgr K, Sylla F, Tamamyan G, Tan D, Tandili A, Tarrillo Leiva FF, Tashvighi M, Tateshi B, Tehuteru ES, Teixeira LF, Teh KH, Theophile T, Toledano H, Trang DL, Traoré F, Trichaiyaporn S, Tuncer S, Tyau-Tyau H, Umar AB, Unal E, Uner OE, Urbak SF, Ushakova TL, Usmanov RH, Valeina S, van Hoefen Wijsard M, Varadisai A, Vasquez L, Vaughan LO, Veleva-Krasteva NV, Verma N, Victor AA, Viksnins M, Villacís Chafla EG, Vishnevskia-Dai V, Vora T, Wachtel AE, Wackernagel W, Waddell K, Wade PD, Wali AH, Wang YZ, Weiss A, Wilson MW, Wime ADC, Wiwatwongwana A, Wiwatwongwana D, Wolley Dod C, Wongwai P, Xiang D, Xiao Y, Yam JC, Yang H, Yanga JM, Yaqub MA, Yarovaya VA, Yarovoy AA, Ye H, Yousef YA, Yuliawati P, Zapata López AM, Zein E, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zheng X, Zhilyaeva K, Zia N, Ziko OAO, Zondervan M, Bowman R. Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level. JAMA Oncol 2020; 6:685-695. [PMID: 32105305 PMCID: PMC7047856 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.6716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Importance Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale. Objectives To report the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, to investigate associations between clinical variables and national income level, and to investigate risk factors for advanced disease at diagnosis. Design, Setting, and Participants A total of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers were recruited from June 2017 through December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures Age at presentation, proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. Results The cohort included 4351 new patients from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1976 patients (45.4%) were female. Most patients (n = 3685 [84.7%]) were from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, the most common indication for referral was leukocoria (n = 2638 [62.8%]), followed by strabismus (n = 429 [10.2%]) and proptosis (n = 309 [7.4%]). Patients from high-income countries (HICs) were diagnosed at a median age of 14.1 months, with 656 of 666 (98.5%) patients having intraocular retinoblastoma and 2 (0.3%) having metastasis. Patients from low-income countries were diagnosed at a median age of 30.5 months, with 256 of 521 (49.1%) having extraocular retinoblastoma and 94 of 498 (18.9%) having metastasis. Lower national income level was associated with older presentation age, higher proportion of locally advanced disease and distant metastasis, and smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma. Advanced disease at diagnosis was more common in LMICs even after adjusting for age (odds ratio for low-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 17.92 [95% CI, 12.94-24.80], and for lower-middle-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 5.74 [95% CI, 4.30-7.68]). Conclusions and Relevance This study is estimated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, presented at an older age with more advanced disease and demonstrated a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach a childbearing age. Given that retinoblastoma is curable, these data are concerning and mandate intervention at national and international levels. Further studies are needed to investigate factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ido Didi Fabian
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elhassan Abdallah
- Ophthalmology Department of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | | | | | | | - Adedayo Adio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Ada E Aghaji
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Alia Ahmad
- The Children's Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Lamis Al Harby
- The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, and Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aygun Alakbarova
- Zarifa Aliyeva National Center of Ophthalmology, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | | | - Safaa A F Al-Badri
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | - Amanda Alejos
- Unidad Nacional de Oncología Pediátrica, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | | | | | | | - Christiane Al-Haddad
- Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Amany M Ali
- Pediatric Oncology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Donjeta B Alia
- University Hospital Center Mother Theresa, Tirana, Albania
| | - Mazin F Al-Jadiry
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Hind M Alkatan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas J Astbury
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hatice T Atalay
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Rose Atsiaya
- Lighthouse For Christ Eye Centre, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - Taweevat Attaseth
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Than H Aung
- Yangon Eye Hospital, University of Medicine 1, Yangon, Myanmar
| | | | - Baglan Baizakova
- Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Julia Balaguer
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Walentyna Balwierz
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Children's University Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Honorio Barranco
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Covadonga Bascaran
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maja Beck Popovic
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raquel Benavides
- Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr Carlos Sáenz Herrera, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Sarra Benmiloud
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hassan II Fès, Fez, Morocco
| | | | - Rokia C Berete
- Ophthalmologic Department of the Teaching Hospital of Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Jesse L Berry
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Sunil Bhat
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Narayana Health City, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Eva M Biewald
- Department of Ophthalmology, Essen University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nadia Bobrova
- The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Marianna Boehme
- Department of Ophthalmology, Essen University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - H C Boldt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | | | - Norbert Bornfeld
- Department of Ophthalmology, Essen University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gabrielle C Bouda
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Hédi Bouguila
- Institut Hédi Raïs d'Ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amaria Boumedane
- Etablissement Hospitalière Spécialise Emir Abdelkader CEA Service d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Oran, Algeria
| | - Rachel C Brennan
- Solid Tumor Division, Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | | | - Jayne E Camuglia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Miriam R Cano
- Salud Ocular, Ministerio de Salud Publica, Asuncion, Paraguay
| | | | - Nathalie Cassoux
- Institut Curie, Université de Paris Medicine Paris V Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Guilherme Castela
- Centro Hospital Universitário de Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Guillermo L Chantada
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- NationalScientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Shabana Chaudhry
- Paediatric Ophthalmology Department, Mayo Hospital and College of Allied Visual Sciences, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sonal S Chaugule
- Department of Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Orbit and Ocular Oncology, PBMA's H. V. Desai Eye Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Bhavna Chawla
- Ocular Oncology Service, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Violeta S Chernodrinska
- Eye Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University, Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | - Krzysztof Cieslik
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Codruta Comsa
- Institute of Oncology, Prof. Dr Al. Trestioreanu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Zelia M Correa
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | - Xuehao Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Wantanee Dangboon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Songklanagarind Hospital, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand
| | - Anirban Das
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
| | - Sima Das
- Ocular Oncology Services, Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Alan Davidson
- Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and the University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | - Hakan Demirci
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | | | | | - Helen Dimaras
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew J Dodgshun
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, Children's Haematology and Oncology Center, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Craig Donaldson
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Monica D Dragomir
- Institute of Oncology, Prof. Dr Al. Trestioreanu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | | | - Kemala S Edison
- Ophthalmology Department, Dr M. Djamil General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, West Sumatra, Indonesia
| | - I Wayan Eka Sutyawan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah Eye Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Asmaa El Kettani
- Center Hospitalier et Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Amal M Elbahi
- Tripoli Eye Hospital, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dina Elgalaly
- Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Moawia M Ali Elhassan
- Department of Oncology, National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, Wadi Madani, Sudan
| | - Mahmoud M Elzembely
- Pediatric Oncology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Vera A Essuman
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | | | - Mohammad Faranoush
- Pediatric Growth and Development Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Rasool Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Oluyemi Fasina
- Department of Ophthalmology, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Allen Foster
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shahar Frenkel
- Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Soad L Fuentes-Alabi
- Pediatric Oncology Department, Benjamin Bloom National Children's Hospital, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | | | - Moira Gandiwa
- Lions Sight First Eye Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer A Geel
- Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Fariba Ghassemi
- Retina and Vitreous Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ana V Girón
- Unidad Nacional de Oncología Pediátrica, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Zelalem Gizachew
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Marco A Goenz
- Pediatric Oncology Department, Benjamin Bloom National Children's Hospital, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Aaron S Gold
- Murray Ocular Oncology and Retina, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Glen A Gole
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nir Gomel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv, School of Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Efren Gonzalez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Henry N Garcia Pacheco
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas del Sur, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Jaime Graells
- Unidad de Oncologia Ocular Hospital Oncologico Luis Razzetti, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Liz Green
- IAM NOOR Eye Care Programme, Afghanistan
| | - Pernille A Gregersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Center for Rare Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Koffi M Guedenon
- Département de Pédiatrie, CHU Sylvanus Olympio, Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | | | - Ahmet K Gündüz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Himika Gupta
- Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjiv Gupta
- King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Patrick Hamel
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Eric D Hansen
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - J William Harbour
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Murat Hasanreisoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sadiq Hassan
- Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Shadab Hassan
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Jose Hernandez
- Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Laila Hessissen
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Center, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Diriba F Hordofa
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Laura C Huang
- Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Marlies Hummlen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Russo Ida
- Bambino Gesù IRCCS Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Vesna R Ilic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Helen Jenkinson
- Eye Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Xunda Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Hyun Jo
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - William J Johnson
- Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Michael M Jones
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Rolande L Kabore
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Swathi Kaliki
- Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Abubakar Kalinaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences Kamplala, Uganda
| | - Mehmet Kantar
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Tamar Kardava
- Ophthalmology Department, Central Children's Hospital of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Rejin Kebudi
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine and Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tomas Kepak
- St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, and International Clinical Research Center/St Anna University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Hussain A Khaqan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Ameer-Ud-Din Medical College, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Phara Khauv
- Angkor Hospital for Children, Krong Siem Reap, Cambodia
| | - Wajiha J Kheir
- Duke Eye Center, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Alireza Khodabande
- Retina and Vitreous Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zaza Khotenashvili
- Ophthalmology Department, Central Children's Hospital of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Jonathan W Kim
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayyam Kiratli
- Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tero T Kivelä
- Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Artur Klett
- East Tallinn Central Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Dalia Krivaitiene
- Children's Ophthalmology Department, Children's Hospital of Vilnius, University Hospital Santaros Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Mariana Kruger
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Kittisak Kulvichit
- Vitreo-Retina Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Alice Kyara
- Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Eva S Lachmann
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carol P S Lam
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Geoffrey C Lam
- Perth Children's Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Scott A Larson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Slobodanka Latinovic
- Clinical Center of Vojvodina, University Eye Clinic, Eye Research Foundation Vidar-Latinović, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Kelly D Laurenti
- Division of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bao Han A Le
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, and University of Southern California Roski Eye Institute, Los Angeles
| | - Karin Lecuona
- Division of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Cairui Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali City, China
| | - Ben Limbu
- Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Juan P López
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Robert M Lukamba
- University Clinics of Lubumbashi, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Rrepublic of Congo
| | | | - Sandra Luna-Fineman
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Center for Global Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora
| | - Delfitri Lutfi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - George N Magrath
- Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Amita Mahajan
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Apollo Center for Advanced Pediatrics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Erika Maka
- Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mayuri Makan
- Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit, Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Chatonda Manda
- Lions Sight First Eye Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Nieves Martín Begue
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Miguel Materin
- Duke Eye Center, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Marchelo Matua
- Ruharo Eye Centre, Ruharo Mission Hospital, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Ismail Mayet
- University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - John D McKenzie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Ocular Oncology, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aurora Medina-Sanson
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Azim Mehrvar
- MAHAK Hematology Oncology Research Center, Mahak Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Marilyn B Mets
- Division of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Edoardo Midena
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Ahmed A Mohamedani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | | | - Annette C Moll
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rosa A Morales
- Hospital Infantil Manuel de Jesús Rivera, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Claude Moreira
- Service d'Oncologie Pédiatrique de l'Hôpital Aristide le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | | | - Gerald Msukwa
- Lions Sight First Eye Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | | | | | - Francis L Munier
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile de Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela Murgoi
- Institute of Oncology, Prof. Dr Al. Trestioreanu, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Kareem O Musa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Asma Mushtaq
- The Children's Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamzah Mustak
- Division of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Gita Naidu
- University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Akshay Gopinathan Nair
- Aditya Jyot Eye Hospital, Mumbai, India
- Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital and Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | - Larisa Naumenko
- N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Yetty M Nency
- Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Vladimir Neroev
- Moscow Helmholtz Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Hang Ngo
- Ho Chi Minh Eye Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Rosa M Nieves
- Hospital Infantil Dr Robert Reid Cabral, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Marina Nikitovic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Elizabeth D Nkanga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Calabar Children's Eye Center, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar Nigeria
| | - Henry Nkumbe
- Magrabi ICO Cameroon Eye Institute, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Murtuza Nuruddin
- Chittagong Eye Infirmary and Training Complex, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Ngozi C Oguego
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Andrzej Olechowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Scott C N Oliver
- Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
| | | | - Diego Ossandon
- Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Sally L Painter
- Eye Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Luisa Paiva
- National Ophthalmological Institute of Angola, Luanda, Angola
| | - Bikramjit P Pal
- H M Diwan Eye Foundation, and Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Ruzanna Papyan
- Department of Oncology, Yerevan State Medical University, and Pediatric Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Armenia, Hematology Center after R. H. Yeolyan, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Manoj Parulekar
- Eye Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Katarzyna Pawinska-Wasikowska
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Children's University Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacob Pe'er
- Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Sanja Peric
- University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Chau T M Pham
- Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Remezo Philbert
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kamenge, Bujumbura, Burundi
| | | | - Pavel Pochop
- Department of Ophthalmology for Children and Adults, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Vladimir G Polyakov
- Head and Neck Tumors Department, SRI of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Manca T Pompe
- University Eye Hospital Ljubljana, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Daphna Prat
- The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Ignatius Purwanto
- Sardjito Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Seema Qayyum
- The Children's Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jiang Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ardizal Rahman
- Ophthalmology Department, Dr M. Djamil General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, West Sumatra, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marco A Ramirez-Ortiz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Léa Raobela
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Riffat Rashid
- Department of Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Ashwin Reddy
- The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, and Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ehud Reich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Davidoff Center for Oncology, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Lorna A Renner
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | | | - Petra Ritter-Sovinz
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Duangnate Rojanaporn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Livia Romero
- Unidad de Oncologia Ocular Hospital Oncologico Luis Razzetti, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Soma R Roy
- Chittagong Eye Infirmary and Training Complex, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Raya H Saab
- Children's Cancer Institute, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Svetlana Saakyan
- Moscow Helmholtz Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ahmed H Sabhan
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mandeep S Sagoo
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology and London Retinoblastoma Service, Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Azza M A Said
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rohit Saiju
- Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Beatriz Salas
- Hospital Dr Manuel Ascencio Villarroel, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ahad Sedaghat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rasool Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Rachna Seth
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankoor S Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Sadik T Sherief
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Carol L Shields
- Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sorath Noorani Siddiqui
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sidi Sidi Cheikh
- Ophthalmology Department, Nouakchott Medical University, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | - Sónia Silva
- Centro Hospital Universitário de Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Arun D Singh
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Usha Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Penny Singha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Songklanagarind Hospital, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand
| | - Rita S Sitorus
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, and Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alison H Skalet
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Hendrian D Soebagjo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Grace Ssali
- Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Andrew W Stacey
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Erin D Stahl
- Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Christina Stathopoulos
- Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile de Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Branka Stirn Kranjc
- University Eye Hospital Ljubljana, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - David K Stones
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | | | | | - Sadia Sultana
- Department of Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Xiantao Sun
- Henan Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meryl Sundy
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Rosanne Superstein
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eddy Supriyadi
- Sardjito Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Shigenobu Suzuki
- Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Karel Svojgr
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Gevorg Tamamyan
- Department of Oncology, Yerevan State Medical University, and Pediatric Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Armenia, Hematology Center after R. H. Yeolyan, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Deborah Tan
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alketa Tandili
- University Hospital Center Mother Theresa, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Maryam Tashvighi
- MAHAK Hematology Oncology Research Center, Mahak Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Edi S Tehuteru
- National Cancer Center, Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Luiz F Teixeira
- Pediatric Oncology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ophthalmology Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kok Hoi Teh
- Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Helen Toledano
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Doan L Trang
- Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Fousseyni Traoré
- Pediatric Oncology Service, Gabriel Toure Hospital, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Samuray Tuncer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ocular Oncology Service, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ali B Umar
- Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Emel Unal
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Steen F Urbak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tatiana L Ushakova
- Head and Neck Tumors Department, SRI of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Adisai Varadisai
- Vitreo-Retina Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Nevyana V Veleva-Krasteva
- Eye Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University, Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Andi A Victor
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, and Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Vicktoria Vishnevskia-Dai
- The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Keith Waddell
- Ruharo Eye Centre, Ruharo Mission Hospital, Mbarara, Uganda
| | | | | | - Yi-Zhuo Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Avery Weiss
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Matthew W Wilson
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Amelia D C Wime
- National Ophthalmological Institute of Angola, Luanda, Angola
| | | | | | | | - Phanthipha Wongwai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Daoman Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Children's Hospital and Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jason C Yam
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huasheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jenny M Yanga
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Vera A Yarovaya
- S.Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A Yarovoy
- S.Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russia
| | - Huijing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Putu Yuliawati
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah Eye Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | | | - Ekhtelbenina Zein
- Assistante Hospitalo Universitaire, Faculte de Medecine de Nouakchott Medecin Oncopediatre, Center National d'Oncologie, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | - Chengyue Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyang Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Nida Zia
- The Indus Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Othman A O Ziko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marcia Zondervan
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Bowman
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Ophthalmology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Siggs OM, Awadalla MS, Souzeau E, Staffieri SE, Kearns LS, Laurie K, Kuot A, Qassim A, Edwards TL, Coote MA, Mancel E, Walland MJ, Dondey J, Galanopoulous A, Casson RJ, Mills RA, MacArthur DG, Ruddle JB, Burdon KP, Craig JE. The genetic and clinical landscape of nanophthalmos and posterior microphthalmos in an Australian cohort. Clin Genet 2020; 97:764-769. [PMID: 32052405 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nanophthalmos and posterior microphthalmos are ocular abnormalities in which both eyes are abnormally small, and typically associated with extreme hyperopia. We recruited 40 individuals from 13 kindreds with nanophthalmos or posterior microphthalmos, with 12 probands subjected to exome sequencing. Nine probands (69.2%) were assigned a genetic diagnosis, with variants in MYRF, TMEM98, MFRP, and PRSS56. Two of four PRSS56 families harbored the previously described c.1066dupC variant implicated in over half of all reported PRSS56 kindreds, with different surrounding haplotypes in each family suggesting a mutational hotspot. Individuals with a genetic diagnosis had shorter mean axial lengths and higher hyperopia than those without, with recessive forms associated with the most extreme phenotypes. These findings detail the genetic architecture of nanophthalmos and posterior microphthalmos in a cohort of predominantly European ancestry, their relative clinical phenotypes, and highlight the shared genetic architecture of rare and common disorders of refractive error.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mona S Awadalla
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kate Laurie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Abraham Kuot
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ayub Qassim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Thomas L Edwards
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael A Coote
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Erica Mancel
- Centre Hospitalier Territorial de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Mark J Walland
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joanne Dondey
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna Galanopoulous
- Discipline of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Robert J Casson
- Discipline of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Richard A Mills
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Daniel G MacArthur
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Siggs OM, Souzeau E, Pasutto F, Dubowsky A, Smith JEH, Taranath D, Pater J, Rait JL, Narita A, Mauri L, Del Longo A, Reis A, Chappell A, Kearns LS, Staffieri SE, Elder JE, Ruddle JB, Hewitt AW, Burdon KP, Mackey DA, Craig JE. Prevalence of FOXC1 Variants in Individuals With a Suspected Diagnosis of Primary Congenital Glaucoma. JAMA Ophthalmol 2020; 137:348-355. [PMID: 30653210 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.5646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Both primary and secondary forms of childhood glaucoma have many distinct causative mechanisms, and in many cases a cause is not immediately clear. The broad phenotypic spectrum of secondary glaucoma, particularly in individuals with variants in FOXC1 or PITX2 genes associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, makes it more difficult to diagnose patients with milder phenotypes. These cases are occasionally classified and managed as primary congenital glaucoma. Objective To investigate the prevalence of FOXC1 variants in participants with a suspected diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma. Design, Setting, and Participants Australian and Italian cohorts were recruited from January 1, 2007, through March 1, 2016. Australian individuals were recruited through the Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma and Italian individuals through the Genetic and Ophthalmology Unit of l'Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda in Milan, Italy. We performed exome sequencing, in combination with Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, to detect variants of FOXC1 in individuals with a suspected diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma established by their treating specialist. Data analysis was completed from June 2015 to November 2017. Main Outcome and Measures Identification of single-nucleotide and copy number variants in FOXC1, along with phenotypic characterization of the individuals who carried them. Results A total of 131 individuals with a suspected diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma were included. The mean (SD) age at recruitment in the Australian cohort was 24.3 (18.1) years; 37 of 84 Australian participants (44.0%) were female, and 71 of 84 (84.5%) were of European ancestry. The mean (SD) age at recruitment was 22.5 (18.4) years in the Italian cohort; 21 of 47 Italian participants (44.7%) were female, and 45 of 47 (95.7%) were of European ancestry. We observed rare, predicted deleterious FOXC1 variants in 8 of 131 participants (6.1%), or 8 of 166 participants (4.8%) when including those explained by variants in CYP1B1. On reexamination or reinvestigation, all of these individuals had at least 1 detectable ocular and/or systemic feature associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome. Conclusions and Relevance These data highlight the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of childhood glaucoma and support the use of gene panels incorporating FOXC1 as a diagnostic aid, especially because clinical features of Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome can be subtle. Further replication of these results will be needed to support the future use of such panels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Francesca Pasutto
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - James E H Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Deepa Taranath
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John Pater
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Julian L Rait
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Lucia Mauri
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, l'Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Del Longo
- Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit, l'Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Angela Chappell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Siggs OM, Souzeau E, Taranath DA, Dubowsky A, Chappell A, Zhou T, Javadiyan S, Nicholl J, Kearns LS, Staffieri SE, Narita A, Smith JEH, Pater J, Hewitt AW, Ruddle JB, Elder JE, Mackey DA, Burdon KP, Craig JE. Biallelic CPAMD8 Variants Are a Frequent Cause of Childhood and Juvenile Open-Angle Glaucoma. Ophthalmology 2020; 127:758-766. [PMID: 32085876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Developmental abnormalities of the ocular anterior segment in some cases can lead to ocular hypertension and glaucoma. CPAMD8 is a gene of unknown function recently associated with ocular anterior segment dysgenesis, myopia, and ectopia lentis. We sought to assess the contribution of biallelic CPAMD8 variants to childhood and juvenile open-angle glaucoma. DESIGN Retrospective, multicenter case series. PARTICIPANTS A total of 268 probands and their relatives with a diagnosis of childhood or juvenile open-angle glaucoma. PURPOSE Developmental abnormalities of the ocular anterior segment in some cases can lead to ocular hypertension and glaucoma. CPAMD8 is a gene of unknown function recently associated with ocular anterior segment dysgenesis, myopia, and ectopia lentis. We sought to assess the contribution of biallelic CPAMD8 variants to childhood and juvenile open-angle glaucoma. METHODS Patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic assessment, with DNA from patients and their relatives subjected to genome, exome, or capillary sequencing. CPAMD8 RNA expression analysis was performed on tissues dissected from cadaveric human eyes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Diagnostic yield within a cohort of childhood and juvenile open-angle glaucoma, prevalence and risk of ophthalmic phenotypes, and relative expression of CPAMD8 in the human eye. RESULTS We identified rare (allele frequency < 4×10-5) biallelic CPAMD8 variants in 5.7% (5/88) of probands with childhood glaucoma and 2.1% (2/96) of probands with juvenile open-angle glaucoma. When including family members, we identified 11 individuals with biallelic variants in CPAMD8 from 7 unrelated families. Nine of these individuals were diagnosed with glaucoma (9/11, 81.8%), with a mean age at diagnosis of 9.22±14.89 years, and all individuals with glaucoma required 1 or more incisional procedures to control high intraocular pressure. Iris abnormalities were observed in 9 of 11 individuals, cataract was observed in 8 of 11 individuals (72.7%), and retinal detachment was observed in 3 of 11 individuals (27.3%). CPAMD8 expression was highest in neural crest-derived tissues of the adult anterior segment, suggesting that CPAMD8 variation may cause malformation or obstruction of key drainage structures. CONCLUSIONS Biallelic CPAMD8 variation was associated with a highly heterogeneous phenotype and in our cohorts was the second most common inherited cause of childhood glaucoma after CYP1B1 and juvenile open-angle glaucoma after MYOC. CPAMD8 sequencing should be considered in the investigation of both childhood and juvenile open-angle glaucoma, particularly when associated with iris abnormalities, cataract, or retinal detachment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | | | - Deepa A Taranath
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Angela Chappell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tiger Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shari Javadiyan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - James E H Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia; Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Pater
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia; Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shaaban S, MacKinnon S, Andrews C, Staffieri SE, Maconachie GDE, Chan WM, Whitman MC, Morton SU, Yazar S, MacGregor S, Elder JE, Traboulsi EI, Gottlob I, Hewitt AW, Hunter DG, Mackey DA, Engle EC. Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies a Susceptibility Locus for Comitant Esotropia and Suggests a Parent-of-Origin Effect. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:4054-4064. [PMID: 30098192 PMCID: PMC6088800 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify genetic variants conferring susceptibility to esotropia. Esotropia is the most common form of comitant strabismus, has its highest incidence in European ancestry populations, and is believed to be inherited as a complex trait. Methods White European American discovery cohorts with nonaccommodative (826 cases and 2991 controls) or accommodative (224 cases and 749 controls) esotropia were investigated. White European Australian and United Kingdom cohorts with nonaccommodative (689 cases and 1448 controls) or accommodative (66 cases and 264 controls) esotropia were tested for replication. We performed a genome-wide case-control association study using a mixed linear additive model. Meta-analyses of discovery and replication cohorts were then conducted. Results A significant association with nonaccommodative esotropia was discovered (odds ratio [OR] = 1.41, P = 2.84 × 10-09) and replicated (OR = 1.23, P = 0.01) at rs2244352 [T] located within intron 1 of the WRB (tryptophan rich basic protein) gene on chromosome 21 (meta-analysis OR = 1.33, P = 9.58 × 10-11). This single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is differentially methylated, and there is a statistically significant skew toward paternal inheritance in the discovery cohort. Meta-analysis of the accommodative discovery and replication cohorts identified an association with rs912759 [T] (OR = 0.59, P = 1.89 × 10-08), an intergenic SNP on chromosome 1p31.1. Conclusions This is the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify significant associations in esotropia and suggests a parent-of-origin effect. Additional cohorts will permit replication and extension of these findings. Future studies of rs2244352 and WRB should provide insight into pathophysiological mechanisms underlying comitant strabismus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Shaaban
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Dubai Harvard Foundation for Medical Research, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sarah MacKinnon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Caroline Andrews
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gail D E Maconachie
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Wai-Man Chan
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States
| | - Mary C Whitman
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sarah U Morton
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Seyhan Yazar
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Stastical Genetics Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elias I Traboulsi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Irene Gottlob
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - David G Hunter
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Elizabeth C Engle
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Iglesias AI, Mishra A, Vitart V, Bykhovskaya Y, Höhn R, Springelkamp H, Cuellar-Partida G, Gharahkhani P, Bailey JNC, Willoughby CE, Li X, Yazar S, Nag A, Khawaja AP, Polašek O, Siscovick D, Mitchell P, Tham YC, Haines JL, Kearns LS, Hayward C, Shi Y, van Leeuwen EM, Taylor KD, Bonnemaijer P, Rotter JI, Martin NG, Zeller T, Mills RA, Souzeau E, Staffieri SE, Jonas JB, Schmidtmann I, Boutin T, Kang JH, Lucas SEM, Wong TY, Beutel ME, Wilson JF, Uitterlinden AG, Vithana EN, Foster PJ, Hysi PG, Hewitt AW, Khor CC, Pasquale LR, Montgomery GW, Klaver CCW, Aung T, Pfeiffer N, Mackey DA, Hammond CJ, Cheng CY, Craig JE, Rabinowitz YS, Wiggs JL, Burdon KP, van Duijn CM, MacGregor S. Author Correction: Cross-ancestry genome-wide association analysis of corneal thickness strengthens link between complex and Mendelian eye diseases. Nat Commun 2019; 10:155. [PMID: 30622277 PMCID: PMC6325104 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07819-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana I Iglesias
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aniket Mishra
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH42XU, UK
| | - Yelena Bykhovskaya
- Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.,Cornea Genetic Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - René Höhn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Henriët Springelkamp
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel Cuellar-Partida
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Colin E Willoughby
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK.,Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90509, USA.,Division of Genomic Outcomes, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Seyhan Yazar
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH42XU, UK.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, WA, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Anthony P Khawaja
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, HR-21000, Split, Croatia
| | - David Siscovick
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Washington, WA, 98101, USA.,The New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH42XU, UK
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | | | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90509, USA.,Division of Genomic Outcomes, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | | | - Pieter Bonnemaijer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90509, USA.,Division of Genomic Outcomes, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard A Mills
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Irene Schmidtmann
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thibaud Boutin
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH42XU, UK
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sionne E M Lucas
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7005, Australia
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.,Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - James F Wilson
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH42XU, UK.,Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | | | | | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, 2593 HW, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Eranga N Vithana
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | - Paul J Foster
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Pirro G Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.,School of Medicine, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7005, Australia
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.,Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, WA, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Christopher J Hammond
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.,Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Yaron S Rabinowitz
- Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.,Cornea Genetic Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7005, Australia
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Iglesias AI, Mishra A, Vitart V, Bykhovskaya Y, Höhn R, Springelkamp H, Cuellar-Partida G, Gharahkhani P, Bailey JNC, Willoughby CE, Li X, Yazar S, Nag A, Khawaja AP, Polašek O, Siscovick D, Mitchell P, Tham YC, Haines JL, Kearns LS, Hayward C, Shi Y, van Leeuwen EM, Taylor KD, Bonnemaijer P, Rotter JI, Martin NG, Zeller T, Mills RA, Souzeau E, Staffieri SE, Jonas JB, Schmidtmann I, Boutin T, Kang JH, Lucas SEM, Wong TY, Beutel ME, Wilson JF, Uitterlinden AG, Vithana EN, Foster PJ, Hysi PG, Hewitt AW, Khor CC, Pasquale LR, Montgomery GW, Klaver CCW, Aung T, Pfeiffer N, Mackey DA, Hammond CJ, Cheng CY, Craig JE, Rabinowitz YS, Wiggs JL, Burdon KP, van Duijn CM, MacGregor S. Cross-ancestry genome-wide association analysis of corneal thickness strengthens link between complex and Mendelian eye diseases. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1864. [PMID: 29760442 PMCID: PMC5951816 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03646-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Central corneal thickness (CCT) is a highly heritable trait associated with complex eye diseases such as keratoconus and glaucoma. We perform a genome-wide association meta-analysis of CCT and identify 19 novel regions. In addition to adding support for known connective tissue-related pathways, pathway analyses uncover previously unreported gene sets. Remarkably, >20% of the CCT-loci are near or within Mendelian disorder genes. These included FBN1, ADAMTS2 and TGFB2 which associate with connective tissue disorders (Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos and Loeys-Dietz syndromes), and the LUM-DCN-KERA gene complex involved in myopia, corneal dystrophies and cornea plana. Using index CCT-increasing variants, we find a significant inverse correlation in effect sizes between CCT and keratoconus (r = -0.62, P = 5.30 × 10-5) but not between CCT and primary open-angle glaucoma (r = -0.17, P = 0.2). Our findings provide evidence for shared genetic influences between CCT and keratoconus, and implicate candidate genes acting in collagen and extracellular matrix regulation.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ADAMTS Proteins/genetics
- ADAMTS Proteins/metabolism
- Asian People
- Cornea/abnormalities
- Cornea/metabolism
- Cornea/pathology
- Corneal Diseases/ethnology
- Corneal Diseases/genetics
- Corneal Diseases/metabolism
- Corneal Diseases/pathology
- Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/ethnology
- Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/genetics
- Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/metabolism
- Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/pathology
- Decorin/genetics
- Decorin/metabolism
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/ethnology
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/genetics
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/metabolism
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/pathology
- Eye Diseases, Hereditary/ethnology
- Eye Diseases, Hereditary/genetics
- Eye Diseases, Hereditary/metabolism
- Eye Diseases, Hereditary/pathology
- Fibrillin-1/genetics
- Fibrillin-1/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Genome, Human
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Glaucoma, Open-Angle/ethnology
- Glaucoma, Open-Angle/genetics
- Glaucoma, Open-Angle/metabolism
- Glaucoma, Open-Angle/pathology
- Humans
- Keratoconus/ethnology
- Keratoconus/genetics
- Keratoconus/metabolism
- Keratoconus/pathology
- Loeys-Dietz Syndrome/ethnology
- Loeys-Dietz Syndrome/genetics
- Loeys-Dietz Syndrome/metabolism
- Loeys-Dietz Syndrome/pathology
- Lumican/genetics
- Lumican/metabolism
- Marfan Syndrome/ethnology
- Marfan Syndrome/genetics
- Marfan Syndrome/metabolism
- Marfan Syndrome/pathology
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis
- Myopia/ethnology
- Myopia/genetics
- Myopia/metabolism
- Myopia/pathology
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Proteoglycans/genetics
- Proteoglycans/metabolism
- Quantitative Trait Loci
- Quantitative Trait, Heritable
- Transforming Growth Factor beta2/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta2/metabolism
- White People
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana I Iglesias
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aniket Mishra
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, EH42XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yelena Bykhovskaya
- Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, CA 90048, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cornea Genetic Eye Institute, CA 90048, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - René Höhn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland
| | - Henriët Springelkamp
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel Cuellar-Partida
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, OH 44106, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Colin E Willoughby
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, BT52 1SA, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, BT12 6BA, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, CA, USA
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, CA, USA
| | - Seyhan Yazar
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, EH42XU, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, WA 6009, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, WC2R 2LS, London, UK
| | - Anthony P Khawaja
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, CB2 0SR, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, EC1V 9EL, London, UK
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, HR-21000, Split, Croatia
| | - David Siscovick
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, WA 98101, Washington, USA
- The New York Academy of Medicine, NY 10029, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW 2145, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 168751, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, OH 44106, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, VIC 3002, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, EH42XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 168751, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, CA, USA
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, CA, USA
| | - Pieter Bonnemaijer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, CA, USA
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard A Mills
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, SA 5042, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, SA 5042, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, VIC 3002, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Irene Schmidtmann
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thibaud Boutin
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, EH42XU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, MA, USA
| | - Sionne E M Lucas
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, TAS, Australia
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 168751, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - James F Wilson
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, EH42XU, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, Edinburgh, UK
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, 2593 HW, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Eranga N Vithana
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 168751, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul J Foster
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, EC1V 9EL, London, UK
| | - Pirro G Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, WC2R 2LS, London, UK
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, VIC 3002, East Melbourne, Australia
- School of Medicine, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, TAS, Australia
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114, MA, USA
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 168751, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, WA 6009, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Christopher J Hammond
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, WC2R 2LS, London, UK
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 168751, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, SA 5042, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Yaron S Rabinowitz
- Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, CA 90048, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cornea Genetic Eye Institute, CA 90048, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, TAS, Australia
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Staffieri SE, Kearns LS, Sanfilippo PG, Craig JE, Mackey DA, Hewitt AW. Crowd-sourced Ontology for Photoleukocoria: Identifying Common Internet Search Terms for a Potentially Important Pediatric Ophthalmic Sign. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2018; 7:18. [PMID: 29464132 PMCID: PMC5815559 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.7.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Leukocoria is the most common presenting sign for pediatric eye disease including retinoblastoma and cataract, with worse outcomes if diagnosis is delayed. We investigated whether individuals could identify leukocoria in photographs (photoleukocoria) and examined their subsequent Internet search behavior. Methods Using a web-based questionnaire, in this cross-sectional study we invited adults aged over 18 years to view two photographs of a child with photoleukocoria, and then search the Internet to determine a possible diagnosis and action plan. The most commonly used search terms and websites accessed were recorded. Results The questionnaire was completed by 1639 individuals. Facebook advertisement was the most effective recruitment strategy. The mean age of all respondents was 38.95 ± 14.59 years (range, 18-83), 94% were female, and 59.3% had children. An abnormality in the images presented was identified by 1613 (98.4%) participants. The most commonly used search terms were: "white," "pupil," "photo," and "eye" reaching a variety of appropriate websites or links to print or social media articles. Conclusions Different words or phrases were used to describe the same observation of photoleukocoria leading to a range of websites. Variations in the description of observed signs and search words influenced the sites reached, information obtained, and subsequent help-seeking intentions. Translational Relevance Identifying the most commonly used search terms for photoleukocoria is an important step for search engine optimization. Being directed to the most appropriate websites informing of the significance of photoleukocoria and the appropriate actions to take could improve delays in diagnosis of important pediatric eye disease such as retinoblastoma or cataract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul G Sanfilippo
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.,Lion's Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Souzeau E, Siggs OM, Zhou T, Galanopoulos A, Hodson T, Taranath D, Mills RA, Landers J, Pater J, Smith JE, Elder JE, Rait JL, Giles P, Phakey V, Staffieri SE, Kearns LS, Dubowsky A, Mackey DA, Hewitt AW, Ruddle JB, Burdon KP, Craig JE. Glaucoma spectrum and age-related prevalence of individuals with FOXC1 and PITX2 variants. Eur J Hum Genet 2017; 25:1290. [PMID: 29023440 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2017.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2017.59.
Collapse
|
26
|
Javadiyan S, Craig JE, Souzeau E, Sharma S, Lower KM, Mackey DA, Staffieri SE, Elder JE, Taranath D, Straga T, Black J, Pater J, Casey T, Hewitt AW, Burdon KP. High-Throughput Genetic Screening of 51 Pediatric Cataract Genes Identifies Causative Mutations in Inherited Pediatric Cataract in South Eastern Australia. G3 (Bethesda) 2017; 7:3257-3268. [PMID: 28839118 PMCID: PMC5633377 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.300109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric cataract is a leading cause of childhood blindness. This study aimed to determine the genetic cause of pediatric cataract in Australian families by screening known disease-associated genes using massively parallel sequencing technology. We sequenced 51 previously reported pediatric cataract genes in 33 affected individuals with a family history (cases with previously known or published mutations were excluded) using the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine. Variants were prioritized for validation if they were predicted to alter the protein sequence and were absent or rare with minor allele frequency <1% in public databases. Confirmed mutations were assessed for segregation with the phenotype in all available family members. All identified novel or previously reported cataract-causing mutations were screened in 326 unrelated Australian controls. We detected 11 novel mutations in GJA3, GJA8, CRYAA, CRYBB2, CRYGS, CRYGA, GCNT2, CRYGA, and MIP; and three previously reported cataract-causing mutations in GJA8, CRYAA, and CRYBB2 The most commonly mutated genes were those coding for gap junctions and crystallin proteins. Including previous reports of pediatric cataract-associated mutations in our Australian cohort, known genes account for >60% of familial pediatric cataract in Australia, indicating that still more causative genes remain to be identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shari Javadiyan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Shiwani Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Karen M Lower
- Department of Haematology and Genetic Pathology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Deepa Taranath
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Tania Straga
- Ophthalmology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia
| | - Joanna Black
- Ophthalmology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia
| | - John Pater
- Ophthalmology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia
| | - Theresa Casey
- Ophthalmology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Ophthalmology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Souzeau E, Siggs OM, Zhou T, Galanopoulos A, Hodson T, Taranath D, Mills RA, Landers J, Pater J, Smith JE, Elder JE, Rait JL, Giles P, Phakey V, Staffieri SE, Kearns LS, Dubowsky A, Mackey DA, Hewitt AW, Ruddle JB, Burdon KP, Craig JE. Glaucoma spectrum and age-related prevalence of individuals with FOXC1 and PITX2 variants. Eur J Hum Genet 2017; 25:839-847. [PMID: 28513611 PMCID: PMC5520071 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2017.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Variation in FOXC1 and PITX2 is associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, characterised by structural defects of the anterior chamber of the eye and a range of systemic features. Approximately half of all affected individuals will develop glaucoma, but the age at diagnosis and the phenotypic spectrum have not been well defined. As phenotypic heterogeneity is common, we aimed to delineate the age-related penetrance and the full phenotypic spectrum of glaucoma in FOXC1 or PITX2 carriers recruited through a national disease registry. All coding exons of FOXC1 and PITX2 were directly sequenced and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was performed to detect copy number variation. The cohort included 53 individuals from 24 families with disease-associated FOXC1 or PITX2 variants, including one individual diagnosed with primary congenital glaucoma and five with primary open-angle glaucoma. The overall prevalence of glaucoma was 58.5% and was similar for both genes (53.3% for FOXC1 vs 60.9% for PITX2, P=0.59), however, the median age at glaucoma diagnosis was significantly lower in FOXC1 (6.0±13.0 years) compared with PITX2 carriers (18.0±10.6 years, P=0.04). The penetrance at 10 years old was significantly lower in PITX2 than FOXC1 carriers (13.0% vs 42.9%, P=0.03) but became comparable at 25 years old (71.4% vs 57.7%, P=0.38). These findings have important implications for the genetic counselling of families affected by Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, and also suggest that FOXC1 and PITX2 contribute to the genetic architecture of primary glaucoma subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tiger Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anna Galanopoulos
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Trevor Hodson
- Mount Gambier Eye Centre, Mount Gambier, SA, Australia
| | - Deepa Taranath
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Richard A Mills
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John Landers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John Pater
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - James E Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julian L Rait
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul Giles
- Eye Clinic Albury-Wodonga, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Vivek Phakey
- Waverley Eye Clinic, Glen Waverley, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Dubowsky
- SA Pathology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Staffieri SE, Rose L, Chang A, De Roach JN, McLaren TL, Mackey DA, Hewitt AW, Lamey TM. Clinical and molecular characterization of females affected by X-linked retinoschisis. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2015; 43:643-7. [DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; University of Melbourne; Department of Ophthalmology; Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Loreto Rose
- Macquarie University; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Andrew Chang
- Save Sight Institute; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - John N De Roach
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Register & DNA Bank; Department of Medical Technology and Physics; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Terri L McLaren
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Register & DNA Bank; Department of Medical Technology and Physics; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; University of Melbourne; Department of Ophthalmology; Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Lions Eye Institute; Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science; University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia Australia
- School of Medicine; Menzies Institute for Medical Research; University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; University of Melbourne; Department of Ophthalmology; Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Lions Eye Institute; Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science; University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia Australia
- School of Medicine; Menzies Institute for Medical Research; University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Tina M Lamey
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Register & DNA Bank; Department of Medical Technology and Physics; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital; Perth Western Australia Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Souzeau E, Hayes M, Ruddle JB, Elder JE, Staffieri SE, Kearns LS, Mackey DA, Zhou T, Ridge B, Burdon KP, Dubowsky A, Craig JE. CYP1B1 copy number variation is not a major contributor to primary congenital glaucoma. Mol Vis 2015; 21:160-4. [PMID: 25750510 PMCID: PMC4333725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prevalence and the diagnostic utility of testing for CYP1B1 copy number variation (CNV) in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) cases unexplained by CYP1B1 point mutations in The Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma. METHODS In total, 50 PCG cases either heterozygous for disease-causing variants or with no CYP1B1 sequence variants were included in the study. CYP1B1 CNV was analyzed by Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA). RESULTS No deletions or duplications were found in any of the cases. CONCLUSION This is the first study to report on CYP1B1 CNV in PCG cases. Our findings show that this mechanism is not a major contributor to the phenotype and is of limited diagnostic utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Melanie Hayes
- SA Pathology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jonathan B. Ruddle
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - James E. Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sandra E. Staffieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lisa S. Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - David A. Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Tiger Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Ridge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kathryn P. Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | - Jamie E. Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mathew AA, Sachdev N, Staffieri SE, McKenzie JD, Elder JE. Superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy for advanced retinoblastoma complicated by metastatic disease. J AAPOS 2015; 19:72-4. [PMID: 25727592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of a child with unilateral group E retinoblastoma (according to the International Classification of Retinoblastoma) who received superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy as primary therapy. Although the tumor showed signs of regression, the patient developed orbital metastases requiring surgical excision and chemotherapy. Eventually the affected eye progressed to total retinal detachment and required enucleation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anu A Mathew
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Nisha Sachdev
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra E Staffieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - John D McKenzie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James E Elder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Staffieri SE, McGillivray G, Elder JE, Bristowe A, Cole S, McKenzie JD, Fink AM. Managing fetuses at high risk of retinoblastoma: lesion detection on screening MRI. Prenat Diagn 2014; 35:174-8. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.4514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E. Staffieri
- The Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - George McGillivray
- The Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- The Royal Women's Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - James E. Elder
- The Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Amber Bristowe
- The Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Stephen Cole
- The Royal Women's Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | | | - A. Michelle Fink
- The Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- The Royal Women's Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dave A, Laurie K, Staffieri SE, Taranath D, Mackey DA, Mitchell P, Wang JJ, Craig JE, Burdon KP, Sharma S. Mutations in the EPHA2 gene are a major contributor to inherited cataracts in South-Eastern Australia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72518. [PMID: 24014202 PMCID: PMC3754966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital cataract is the most common cause of treatable visual impairment in children worldwide. Mutations in many different genes lead to congenital cataract. Recently, mutations in the receptor tyrosine kinase gene, EPHA2, have been found to cause congenital cataract in six different families. Although these findings have established EPHA2 as a causative gene, the total contribution of mutations in this gene to congenital cataract is unknown. In this study, for the first time, a population-based approach was used to investigate the frequency of disease causing mutations in the EPHA2 gene in inherited cataract cases in South-Eastern Australia. A cohort of 84 familial congenital or juvenile cataract index cases was screened for mutations in the EPHA2 gene by direct sequencing. Novel changes were assessed for segregation with the disease within the family and in unrelated controls. Microsatellite marker analysis was performed to establish any relationship between families carrying the same mutation. We report a novel congenital cataract causing mutation c.1751C>T in the EPHA2 gene and the previously reported splice mutation c.2826-9G>A in two new families. Additionally, we report a rare variant rs139787163 potentially associated with increased susceptibility to cataract. Thus mutations in EPHA2 account for 4.7% of inherited cataract cases in South-Eastern Australia. Interestingly, the identified rare variant provides a link between congenital and age-related cataract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alpana Dave
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Kate Laurie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Sandra E. Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deepa Taranath
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - David A. Mackey
- Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Perth, Australia
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jamie E. Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Kathryn P. Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Shiwani Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ruddle JB, Staffieri SE, Crowston JG, Sherwin JC, Mackey DA. Incidence and predictors of glaucoma following surgery for congenital cataract in the first year of life in Victoria, Australia. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2013; 41:653-61. [PMID: 23332011 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the incidence and predictors of glaucoma following surgery for congenital and infantile cataract in an Australian population. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Infants (<12 months) having had lens extraction between January 1992 and May 2006, from two tertiary referral centres. METHODS Children with uveitis, anterior segment dysgenesis, aniridia, retinopathy of prematurity, and lens subluxation were excluded. Potential predictors of incident glaucoma were examined using Cox proportional hazards regression with adjustment for clustering between eyes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence and predictors of secondary glaucoma. RESULTS One hundred and forty-seven eyes of 101 patients (46 bilateral cataract; 55 unilateral cataract) were included, with median follow-up of 9.9 years (range 1.2-18.9 years). Cumulative incidence of glaucoma was 32.0% for eyes (n = 47) and 30.7% (n = 31) for subjects. Incidence was higher in children with bilateral cataract (38.9 vs. 17.1%, p = 0.004). There were 3.9 cases of glaucoma per 100 person years of follow-up, the incidence rate being highest for surgery performed in the first month of life. Children with glaucoma had longer median follow-up (11.8 vs. 9.3 years, p = 0.005). Risk of glaucoma decreased with increasing months of age at operation: hazard ratio 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.69-0.91, p = 0.001. Median visual acuity was worse in children with unilateral cataract (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We identified an increased risk of glaucoma when cataract surgery was performed in younger infants, and in those with bilateral cataract. As glaucoma may develop over a decade following lens extraction, life-long surveillance is needed to prevent glaucoma-associated vision loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Ruddle
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Edwards TL, Burt BO, Black GCM, Perveen R, Kearns LS, Staffieri SE, Toomes C, Buttery RG, Mackey DA. Familial retinal detachment associated with COL2A1 exon 2 and FZD4 mutations. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2012; 40:476-83. [PMID: 22574936 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2012.02804.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To characterize the clinical and genetic abnormalities within two Australian pedigrees with high incidences of retinal detachment and visual disability. DESIGN Prospective review of two extended Australian pedigrees with high rates of retinal detachment. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-two family members from two extended Australian pedigrees with high rates of retinal detachment were examined. METHODS A full ophthalmic history and examination were performed, and DNA was analysed by linkage analysis and mutation screening. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Characterization of a causative hereditary gene mutation in each family. RESULTS All affected family members of one pedigree carried a C192A COL2A1 exon 2 mutation. None of the affected family members had early-onset arthritis, hearing abnormalities, abnormal clefting or facial features characteristic of classical Stickler syndrome. All affected members of the familial exudative vitreoretinopathy pedigree carried a 957delG FZD4 mutation. CONCLUSIONS Patients with retinal detachment and a positive family history should be investigated for heritable conditions associated with retinal detachment such as Stickler syndrome and familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. The absence of non-ocular features of Stickler syndrome should raise the possibility of mutations in exon 2 of COL2A1. Similarly, late-onset familial exudative vitreoretinopathy may appear more like a rhegmatogenous detachment and not be correctly diagnosed. When a causative gene mutation is identified, cascade genetic screening of the family will facilitate genetic counselling and screening of high-risk relatives, allowing targeted management of the pre-detachment changes in affected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Edwards
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Department of Ophthalmology Vitreo-retinal Unit, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Van Bergen NJ, Crowston JG, Kearns LS, Staffieri SE, Hewitt AW, Cohn AC, Mackey DA, Trounce IA. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation compensation may preserve vision in patients with OPA1-linked autosomal dominant optic atrophy. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21347. [PMID: 21731710 PMCID: PMC3120866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy (ADOA) is the most common inherited optic atrophy where vision impairment results from specific loss of retinal ganglion cells of the optic nerve. Around 60% of ADOA cases are linked to mutations in the OPA1 gene. OPA1 is a fission-fusion protein involved in mitochondrial inner membrane remodelling. ADOA presents with marked variation in clinical phenotype and varying degrees of vision loss, even among siblings carrying identical mutations in OPA1. To determine whether the degree of vision loss is associated with the level of mitochondrial impairment, we examined mitochondrial function in lymphoblast cell lines obtained from six large Australian OPA1-linked ADOA pedigrees. Comparing patients with severe vision loss (visual acuity [VA]<6/36) and patients with relatively preserved vision (VA>6/9) a clear defect in mitochondrial ATP synthesis and reduced respiration rates were observed in patients with poor vision. In addition, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) enzymology in ADOA patients with normal vision revealed increased complex II+III activity and levels of complex IV protein. These data suggest that OPA1 deficiency impairs OXPHOS efficiency, but compensation through increases in the distal complexes of the respiratory chain may preserve mitochondrial ATP production in patients who maintain normal vision. Identification of genetic variants that enable this response may provide novel therapeutic insights into OXPHOS compensation for preventing vision loss in optic neuropathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J. Van Bergen
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan G. Crowston
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa S. Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra E. Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex W. Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy C. Cohn
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A. Mackey
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ian A. Trounce
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Staffieri SE, Ruddle JB, Kearns LS, Barbour JM, Edwards TL, Paul P, Mackey DA. Telemedicine model to prevent blindness from familial glaucoma. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2011; 39:760-5. [PMID: 21749595 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2011.02556.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To develop, implement and evaluate a telemedicine model to reduce glaucoma blindness through the early detection of undiagnosed glaucoma in high-risk individuals. DESIGN Prospective study, private ophthalmology practice and public outpatient clinics in Tasmania. PARTICIPANTS One hundred and thirty-three individuals with primary open-angle glaucoma were invited to enrol their first-degree relatives (FDRs) to undergo an eye examination. Within the study period, 211 FDRs were available for examination. METHODS A registered nurse was trained to perform the required assessments. Clinical data were entered into a purpose-built database, converted to a portable document format and graded offsite by an ophthalmologist to determine the presence, absence or risk of developing glaucoma. Participants were notified of the grading result and recommendations for review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence of undiagnosed glaucoma in a high-risk population. RESULTS Previously undiagnosed glaucoma was identified in 5% of those examined. For every 19 participants screened, one new case of previously undiagnosed case of glaucoma was identified. Additionally 15% of participants showed suspicious signs of glaucoma, and 6% had ocular hypertension. CONCLUSIONS A telemedicine model is an efficient method for screening, grading and notifying participants of examination results. Nurses can be adequately trained to undertake the initial screening examinations, with grading of the results performed offsite by a suitably qualified ophthalmologist. Targeted screening for glaucoma increases the yield of identifying individuals with undiagnosed glaucoma or those at greatest risk. Cost efficiencies for this model of glaucoma screening should be further explored and implemented to prevent blindness from familial glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E Staffieri
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne,
- Royal Children's Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology,
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne,
- Royal Children's Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology,
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, and
| | - David A Mackey
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne,
- University of Western Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|