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Giri R, Khadka S, Chalise A, Swar K, Paudel S. Depressive symptoms and its associated factors among secondary school adolescents of Birtamod Municipality, Jhapa, Nepal. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002826. [PMID: 38241240 PMCID: PMC10798441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a rising public health concern affecting adolescents' mental health throughout the world. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and its associated factors among adolescents from urban Nepal. The depressive symptoms among 271 randomly selected secondary school adolescents of Britamod Municipality were assessed using Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were executed to assess the statistical relationship between potential risk factors and depressive symptoms at 5% level of significance. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 42.8% (95% CI: 37.3-49.1%). Multiple logistic regression revealed that female adolescents (aOR: 2.309, 95% CI: 1.233-4.325), adolescents enrolled in higher grades i.e. 10th grade (aOR: 4.576, 95% CI: 1.482-9.128), studying at private school (aOR: 2.302, 95% CI: 1.184-4.476), not sharing their problems with their friends (aOR: 3.022, 95% CI: 1.477-6.186), presence of perceived academic stress (aOR: 2.388, 95% CI: 1.263-4.518), dissatisfaction with current academic performance (aOR: 2.278, 95% CI: 1.141-4.518), lower perceived family support (aOR: 3.440, 95% CI: 1.276-9.275), and lower self-esteem (aOR: 2.139, 95% CI: 1.061-8.708) had higher odds of experiencing depressive symptoms. There is a high prevalence of depression among Nepalese adolescents. The findings highlight the need for health promotion interventions focusing on mental health awareness, enhancing social support systems, and implementing stress reduction strategies within schools to mitigate the burden of depression among Nepalese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachana Giri
- Department of Public Health, CiST College, Pokhara University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Santosh Khadka
- Department of Public Health, CiST College, Pokhara University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Anisha Chalise
- Center for Research on Environment, Health and Population Activities (CREHPA), Lalitpur, Nepal
| | | | - Shishir Paudel
- Department of Public Health, CiST College, Pokhara University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Win TZ, Kamiya Y, Sheng Ng CF, Smith C, Han SM. Lifestyle Risk Behaviours and Nutritional Status Associated with Mental Health Problems among Myanmar Adolescents: Secondary Analysis of a Nationwide 2016 School Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6660. [PMID: 37681800 PMCID: PMC10487820 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20176660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Engaging in unhealthy lifestyles may be considered a risk factor for mental health problems, but there is limited evidence. This study aimed to identify the relationship between unhealthy lifestyles and mental health problems among Myanmar school-going adolescents. Global School Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) data from 2838 school-going adolescents from Myanmar were analysed. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied. After adjusting for confounding variables, adolescents who were seated for more than three hours per day had higher odds of loneliness, anxiety-induced sleep disturbance, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts compared to others. Moreover, students who ate fruit less than one time per day were more likely to experience anxiety-induced sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation. Being a current drinker was significantly associated with suicidal ideation and attempt. Obese students were more likely to feel lonely compared to normal weight students. Our study indicates there is a strong association between unhealthy lifestyle behaviours and mental health problems among school adolescents in Myanmar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin Zar Win
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (T.Z.W.); (Y.K.); (C.F.S.N.); (S.M.H.)
| | - Yasuhiko Kamiya
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (T.Z.W.); (Y.K.); (C.F.S.N.); (S.M.H.)
| | - Chris Fook Sheng Ng
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (T.Z.W.); (Y.K.); (C.F.S.N.); (S.M.H.)
- Department of Global Health Policy, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Chris Smith
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (T.Z.W.); (Y.K.); (C.F.S.N.); (S.M.H.)
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Su Myat Han
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (T.Z.W.); (Y.K.); (C.F.S.N.); (S.M.H.)
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
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Su Z, McDonnell D, Ahmad J, Cheshmehzangi A. Disaster preparedness in healthcare professionals amid COVID-19 and beyond: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 69:103583. [PMID: 36996556 PMCID: PMC9968355 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disasters like COVID-19 are oftentimes inevitable, which makes disaster preparedness indispensable to global health and social stability. However, there is a dearth of understanding of how well healthcare professionals, who often have to work at the epicenter of disasters as they evolve, are trained to be sufficiently prepared for these crises. To this end, this study aims to examine the characteristics and effectiveness of existing interventions that aim to improve healthcare professionals' disaster preparedness. METHODS We searched RCTs that aim to improve healthcare professionals' disaster preparedness in databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Scopus. Results were screened against the eligibility criteria. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020192517) and conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS A total of 7382 articles were screened for eligibility, among which, 27 RCTs, incorporating 35,145, met the inclusion criteria. Review results show that most of the eligible RCTs were conducted in high-income countries. Only two RCTs were developed in disaster contexts that share similarities with COVID-19. Most of the interventions did not address critical disaster coping abilities, such as how can healthcare professionals protect or improve their personal or the general public's mental health amid pandemics. Furthermore, almost half of the disaster preparedness RCTs failed to generate statistically significant outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Albeit inevitable, disasters are preventable. Our study results underscore the imperative of designing and developing effective and comprehensive interventions that could boost healthcare professionals' disaster preparedness, so that these frontline workers can better protect personal and public health amid global crises like COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Su
- School of Public Health, Institute for Human Rights, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Network for Education and Research on Peace and Sustainability, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
| | - Dean McDonnell
- Department of Humanities, South East Technological University, Carlow R93 V960, Ireland; Network for Education and Research on Peace and Sustainability, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
| | - Junaid Ahmad
- Rufaidah Nursing College, Peshawar, Pakistan; Network for Education and Research on Peace and Sustainability, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Ali Cheshmehzangi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China; Network for Education and Research on Peace and Sustainability, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
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Factors contributing to depressive symptoms among undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 68:103587. [PMID: 36842294 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate predictive factors of student's academic year, interest in the field of nursing, stress, self-efficacy, and problem-focused and emotion-focused coping on the depressive symptoms among undergraduate nursing students. BACKGROUND As the burden of depression among students has increased worldwide, depressive symptoms have become a standard part of mental health problems in college and university students. Among the various fields of medical sciences, nursing students face more stressors during their study period and are more at risk of suffering depressive symptoms than other students. DESIGN A cross-sectional design. METHODS A total of 230 undergraduate nursing students from a university in Myanmar were recruited from August to September 2021. The data were collected using standard research instruments, including a Demographic Questionnaire, Student Nurse Stress Index Questionnaire, General Self-efficacy Scale, Brief COPE Inventory, and Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. Inferential statistics were used to identify the predictive effect of academic year, interest in the field of nursing, stress, self-efficacy, problem-focused coping, and emotion-focused coping on depressive symptoms, using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Academic year, interest in the field of nursing, stress, self-efficacy, and problem-focused and emotion-focused coping accounted for 31.5% of the variance of depressive symptoms (F(8, 221) = 12.704, p < .001) with an R2 = .315. Stress was the factor that most influenced student's depressive symptoms (β = .407, p < .001). Self-efficacy (β = -.244, p < .001) and emotion-focused coping (β = .199, p < .05) were also critical factors contributing to depressive symptoms among undergraduate nursing students. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide insight and knowledge about depressive symptoms and factors that can contribute to depressive symptoms among undergraduate nursing students. Results suggest that nurse educators and community mental health nurses should focus on reducing stress, increasing self-efficacy, and enhancing proper coping strategies among students to prevent depressive symptoms.
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Mlouki I, Naimi A, Sioud I, Bouanene I, El Mhamdi S. Adverse childhood experiences and sleep disorders among Tunisian adolescents: The mediating role of internet addiction. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 136:106028. [PMID: 36652900 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a prevalent health problem worldwide. Different side effects have been linked to this issue such as sleep disorders. This matter is well known. However, its influencing mechanisms are not well investigated in literature. OBJECTIVE To investigate the mediating role of internet addiction in the relation between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and sleep disorders among a population of high-school students in the region of Gafsa (Tunisia). PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING We performed a cross-sectional study, in February 2020, including adolescents registered in all secondary schools of Gafsa city. METHODS Sleep disorders were evaluated via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, internet addiction via the Internet Addiction Test and adverse childhood experiences via the Adverse Childhood Experiences-International Questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 414 students were enrolled in our study with a mean age of 17.18 ± 1.5 years. Exposure to intra-familial violence was more reported than social adversities with 99.1 % and 84 % respectively. Males showed higher rates of internet addiction (82.9 % vs 78.3 %, p < 0.001). Sleep disorders were reported in 94 % of students, predominantly among females (95.4 % vs 91 %, p < 0.001). Our results revealed that ACEs predict sleep disturbances through internet addiction (% mediation =18.3 %, p = 0.005). More particularly, an important mediation effect of internet addiction on the relationship between ACEs and sleep disorders was found among females (% mediation =30 %). CONCLUSION Internet addiction was found to be a mediating factor in the relation between ACEs and sleep disturbances among Gafsa high school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Mlouki
- Preventive and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Tunisia; Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia 5100, Tunisia; Research Laboratory "Epidemiology Applied to Maternal and Child Health" 12SP17, Tunisia.
| | - Arij Naimi
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia 5100, Tunisia
| | - Imen Sioud
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia 5100, Tunisia
| | - Ines Bouanene
- Preventive and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Sana El Mhamdi
- Preventive and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Tunisia; Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia 5100, Tunisia; Research Laboratory "Epidemiology Applied to Maternal and Child Health" 12SP17, Tunisia
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Prevalence and Determinants of Depressive Symptoms among Young Adolescents in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10010141. [PMID: 36670691 PMCID: PMC9856963 DOI: 10.3390/children10010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the most common mental health problem affecting adolescents globally, wherein its increasing prevalence together with the negative health impacts escalates the need for further research in this area. This work determined the prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among young adolescents in Malaysia. A total of 1350 adolescent aged 13 to 14 years in school across nine secondary schools in Selangor state, Malaysia participated in a cross-sectional study. Independent variables were examined using the using the Global School-Based Student Health Survey included age, gender, ethnicity, alcohol intake, smoking and illicit drug use, loneliness, bullying, parental marital status, income and supervision; and the Health Literacy and Stigma questionnaire examined mental health literacy levels. Depressive symptoms were the dependent variable which was examined using the Center for Epidemiology Study Depression (CESD) instrument. Prevalence of depressive symptoms among all participants was 19 % (95% CI [16.9, 21.2]), with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms being reported among females 26.3% (95% CI [23.0, 29.8]) compared to males 11.7% (95% CI [9.4, 14.4]). Determinants namely females (AOR = 3.83; 95% CI [2.66, 5.52]), smoking (AOR = 6.16; 95% CI [3.15, 12.05]), been bullied (AOR = 3.70; 95% CI [2.51, 5.47]), felt lonely (AOR = 10.46; 95% CI [7.09, 15.42]) and having no parental supervision (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI [1.26, 2.53]) significantly increased the odds of depressive symptoms among all adolescents in the multivariate model. In addition, feeling lonely, being bullied and smoking were identified as common significant determinants of depressive symptoms across both genders. Feeling lonely (65% to 71%) and being bullied (10% to 19%) were ranked as the most important determinants of depressive symptoms among young adolescents. Tackling these factors would be instrumental in helping decision makers formulate depression prevention strategies and activities for adolescents.
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Yuan MY, Li YH, Chang JJ, Wang GF, Su PY. Suicidal and homicidal ideation among Chinese undergraduates with precollege school bullying experiences: Sensitive periods and exposure trajectories. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 70:103047. [PMID: 35227986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Yuan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong-Han Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun-Jie Chang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Geng-Fu Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Pu-Yu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, China.
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Lee C, Schojan M, Myo K, Doe GH, San LH, Bass J. Implementation of a Community-Based Psychosocial Support Focal Point Response for Internally Displaced Persons in Myanmar During COVID-19. Front Public Health 2022; 10:854490. [PMID: 35400035 PMCID: PMC8987021 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.854490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Global Mental Health research group at Johns Hopkins School of Public Health worked with three local partner organizations in Myanmar to develop a psychosocial support (PSS) program that could be delivered by community-based focal points in internally displaced persons camps. This PSS program was designed to be delivered in communities with limited access to regional mental health services due to pandemic travel restrictions. The content of the PSS program was based on materials from an ongoing Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA) mental health program; CETA counselors based in the three partner organizations were available to provide telephone-based CETA counseling. In April 2020, the partners organizations recruited and trained PSS focal points in 25 IDP camps to establish a multi-tiered system of MHPSS supports. Implementation The PSS program including psychoeducation handouts focused on stress and coping during COVID-19 and skills for cognitive restructuring (i.e., changing unhelpful thoughts) in simplified terms, audio recordings of the content of these handouts and referral opportunities for telephone-based services by CETA counselors located outside of the camps. PSS focal points distributed the handouts, had the recordings played via radio and loudspeaker, and were available to answer questions and provide access to a PSS program phones to connect with the CETA counselors. After 6 months of implementation, program monitoring logs were reviewed and a cross-sectional evaluation was conducted to assess the PSS program's reach, understanding, and perceived utility. Evaluation Forty-one focal points implemented the PSS program in 25 IDP camps in Kachin and northern Shan States. From May to September 2020, the focal points distributed handouts to 5,725 households and reported 679 visits by IDPs, including facilitating 332 calls to a CETA counselor. Data from the program evaluation (n = 793 participants) found high levels of handout readership and perceived utility of the information, and good comprehension of the content and application of skills. Discussion Findings suggest that provision of a multi-tiered MHPSS program, with PSS focal points providing direct information and linkages to further mental health services via telephone, was feasible despite the constraints of the pandemic. Utilizing camp-based focal points was acceptable and successful in delivering basic psychosocial supports to a broad population while serving as points of contact for individuals who wanted and needed telephone-based counseling services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lee
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Catherine Lee
| | - Matthew Schojan
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ko Myo
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Gyaw Htet Doe
- Substance Abuse Research Association, Yangon, Myanmar
| | | | - Judith Bass
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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