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Fu T, Sullivan DP, Gonzalez AM, Haynes ME, Dalal PJ, Rutledge NS, Tierney AL, Yescas JA, Weber EW, Muller WA. Mechanotransduction via endothelial adhesion molecule CD31 initiates transmigration and reveals a role for VEGFR2 in diapedesis. Immunity 2023; 56:2311-2324.e6. [PMID: 37643615 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Engagement of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM, PECAM-1, CD31) on the leukocyte pseudopod with PECAM at the endothelial cell border initiates transendothelial migration (TEM, diapedesis). We show, using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), that physical traction on endothelial PECAM during TEM initiated the endothelial signaling pathway. In this role, endothelial PECAM acted as part of a mechanotransduction complex with VE-cadherin and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and this predicted that VEGFR2 was required for efficient TEM. We show that TEM required both VEGFR2 and the ability of its Y1175 to be phosphorylated, but not VEGF or VEGFR2 endogenous kinase activity. Using inducible endothelial-specific VEGFR2-deficient mice, we show in three mouse models of inflammation that the absence of endothelial VEGFR2 significantly (by ≥75%) reduced neutrophil extravasation by selectively blocking diapedesis. These findings provide a more complete understanding of the process of transmigration and identify several potential anti-inflammatory targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David P Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Annette M Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maureen E Haynes
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Prarthana J Dalal
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nakisha S Rutledge
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Abigail L Tierney
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julia A Yescas
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Evan W Weber
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William A Muller
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Zhang Z, Gan Q, Han J, Tao Q, Qiu WQ, Madri JA. CD31 as a probable responding and gate-keeping protein of the blood-brain barrier and the risk of Alzheimer's disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1027-1041. [PMID: 37051650 PMCID: PMC10291450 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231170041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that an abnormal vascular-immunity link could increase Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk; however, the mechanism is unclear. CD31, also named platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM), is a surface membrane protein of both endothelial and immune cells and plays important roles in the interaction between the vascular and immune systems. In this review, we focus on research regarding CD31 biological actions in the pathological process that may contribute to AD based on the following rationales. First, endothelial, leukocyte and soluble forms of CD31 play multi-roles in regulating transendothelial migration, increasing blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and resulting in neuroinflammation. Second, CD31 expressed by endothelial and immune cells dynamically modulates numbers of signaling pathways, including Src family kinases, selected G proteins, and β-catenin which in turn affect cell-matrix and cell-cell attachment, activation, permeability, survival, and ultimately neuronal cell injury. In endothelia and immune cells, these diverse CD31-mediated pathways act as a critical regulator in the immunity-endothelia-brain axis, thereby mediating AD pathogenesis in ApoE4 carriers, which is the major genetic risk factor for AD. This evidence suggests a novel mechanism and potential drug target for CD31 in the background of genetic vulnerabilities and peripheral inflammation for AD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qini Gan
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyan Han
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Research Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiushan Tao
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei Qiao Qiu
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- The Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph A Madri
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Dalal PJ, Sullivan DP, Weber EW, Sacks DB, Gunzer M, Grumbach IM, Heller Brown J, Muller WA. Spatiotemporal restriction of endothelial cell calcium signaling is required during leukocyte transmigration. J Exp Med 2021; 218:152118. [PMID: 32970800 PMCID: PMC7953625 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell calcium flux is critical for leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM), which in turn is essential for the inflammatory response. Intravital microscopy of endothelial cell calcium dynamics reveals that calcium increases locally and transiently around the transmigration pore during TEM. Endothelial calmodulin (CaM), a key calcium signaling protein, interacts with the IQ domain of IQGAP1, which is localized to endothelial junctions and is required for TEM. In the presence of calcium, CaM binds endothelial calcium/calmodulin kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ). Disrupting the function of CaM or CaMKII with small-molecule inhibitors, expression of a CaMKII inhibitory peptide, or expression of dominant negative CaMKIIδ significantly reduces TEM by interfering with the delivery of the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) to the site of TEM. Endothelial CaMKII is also required for TEM in vivo as shown in two independent mouse models. These findings highlight novel roles for endothelial CaM and CaMKIIδ in transducing the spatiotemporally restricted calcium signaling required for TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarthana J Dalal
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - David P Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Evan W Weber
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Isabella M Grumbach
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - William A Muller
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Understanding Molecules that Mediate Leukocyte Extravasation. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-020-00207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Sullivan DP, Dalal PJ, Jaulin F, Sacks DB, Kreitzer G, Muller WA. Endothelial IQGAP1 regulates leukocyte transmigration by directing the LBRC to the site of diapedesis. J Exp Med 2019; 216:2582-2601. [PMID: 31395618 PMCID: PMC6829592 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of endothelial cell IQGAP1 during diapedesis requires its actin-binding domain and IQ motifs to recruit the lateral border recycling compartment. Genetic ablation of endothelial cell IQGAP1 expression in vivo causes significant disruption of diapedesis in two models of inflammation. Transendothelial migration (TEM) of leukocytes across the endothelium is critical for inflammation. In the endothelium, TEM requires the coordination of membrane movements and cytoskeletal interactions, including, prominently, recruitment of the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC). The scaffold protein IQGAP1 was recently identified in a screen for LBRC-interacting proteins. Knockdown of endothelial IQGAP1 disrupted the directed movement of the LBRC and substantially reduced leukocyte TEM. Expression of truncated IQGAP1 constructs demonstrated that the calponin homology domain is required for IQGAP1 localization to endothelial borders and that the IQ domain, on the same IQGAP1 polypeptide, is required for its function in TEM. This is the first reported function of IQGAP1 requiring two domains to be present on the same polypeptide. Additionally, we show for the first time that IQGAP1 in the endothelium is required for efficient TEM in vivo. These findings reveal a novel function for IQGAP1 and demonstrate that IQGAP1 in endothelial cells facilitates TEM by directing the LBRC to the site of TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Prarthana J Dalal
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Geri Kreitzer
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine, The City College of New York, New York, NY
| | - William A Muller
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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Moamer A, Hachim IY, Binothman N, Wang N, Lebrun JJ, Ali S. A role for kinesin-1 subunits KIF5B/KLC1 in regulating epithelial mesenchymal plasticity in breast tumorigenesis. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:92-107. [PMID: 31204277 PMCID: PMC6642081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) is deemed vital in breast cancer progression, metastasis, stemness and resistance to therapy. Therefore, characterizing molecular mechanisms contributing to EMP are in need enabling the development of more advanced therapeutics against breast cancer. While kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) are well known for their role in intracellular cargo movement, our knowledge of their function in breast tumorigenesis is still limited. Methods Various breast cancer cell lines representing different molecular subtypes were used to determine the role of kinesine-1 subunits KIF5B/KLC1 in regulation of EMP. Findings In breast cancer, we show that kinesin family member 5B (KIF5B) and its partner protein kinesin light chain 1 (KLC1), subunits of kinesin-1, to play differential roles in regulating EMP and tumorigenesis. Indeed, we found KIF5B to be expressed in triple negative (TN)-basal-like/claudin low breast cancer subtype and to be an inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, invasiveness, tumor formation and metastatic colonization. Whereas, we found KLC1 to be expressed in epithelial/luminal breast cancer subtypes and to be a suppressor of EMT, invasion, metastasis and stem cell markers expression as well as to be an inducer of epithelial/luminal phenotype. Interestingly, in TN-basal-like/claudin low cells we found a novel nuclear accumulation of KIF5B and its interaction with the EMT transcriptional regulator Snail1 independent of KLC1. In addition, TGF-β mediated pro-invasive activity was found to be dependent on KIF5B expression. In contrast, the epithelial differentiation factor and EMT suppressor prolactin (PRL) was found to repress KIF5B gene expression and KIF5B-Snail1 nuclear accumulation, but enhanced KLC1 gene expression and KIF5B-KLC1 interaction. Interpretation Together, these results highlight a new paradigm for kinesin-1 function in breast tumorigenesis by regulating EMP programing and aggressiveness. Fund This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (operating grants #233437 and 233438) granted to Suhad Ali.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Moamer
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, Centre for Translational Biology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Canada.
| | - Ibrahim Y Hachim
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, Centre for Translational Biology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Canada.
| | - Najat Binothman
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, Centre for Translational Biology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Canada.
| | - Ni Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, Centre for Translational Biology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Canada.
| | - Jean-Jacques Lebrun
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, Centre for Translational Biology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Canada.
| | - Suhad Ali
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, Centre for Translational Biology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Canada.
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Muller WA. Transendothelial migration: unifying principles from the endothelial perspective. Immunol Rev 2017; 273:61-75. [PMID: 27558328 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transendothelial migration (TEM) of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) involves a carefully orchestrated dialog of adhesion and signaling events between leukocyte and endothelial cell. This article focuses on the contribution of endothelial cells to transmigration. The initiation of TEM itself generally requires interaction of PECAM on the leukocyte with PECAM at the endothelial cell border. This is responsible for the transient elevation of cytosolic-free calcium ions in endothelium that is required for TEM and for recruitment of membrane from the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC). TEM requires LBRC to move to the site at which TEM will take place and for VE-cadherin to move away. Targeting of the LBRC to this site likely precedes movement of VE-cadherin and may play a role in clearing VE-cadherin from the site of TEM. The process of TEM can be dissected into steps mediated by distinct pairs of PMN/endothelial interacting molecules. CD99 regulates a step at or close to the end of TEM. CD99 signals through soluble adenylyl cyclase to activate PKA to trigger ongoing targeted recycling of the LBRC. Paracellular transmigration predominates (≥90% of events) in the cremaster muscle circulation, but transcellular migration may be more important at sites such as the blood-brain barrier. Both processes involve many of the same molecules and recruitment of the LBRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Muller
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Jang WH, Jeong YJ, Choi SH, Urm SH, Seog DH. Interaction of FUN14 domain containing 1, a mitochondrial outer membrane protein, with kinesin light chain 1 via the tetratricopeptide repeat domain. Biomed Rep 2016; 6:46-50. [PMID: 28123706 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesin 1 is a member of the kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) of microtubule-dependent molecular motor proteins that transport organelles and protein complexes in cells. Kinesin 1 consists of a homo- or hetero-dimer of kinesin heavy chains (KHCs), often, although not always, associated with two kinesin light chains (KLCs). KLCs are non-motor proteins that associate with many different binding proteins and cargoes, but their binding partners have not yet been fully identified. In the present study, a yeast two-hybrid system was used to identify proteins that interact with the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain of KLC1. The results of the current study revealed an interaction between the TPR domain of KLC1 and FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1), which is a mitochondrial outer membrane protein mediating hypoxia-induced mitophagy. FUNDC1 bound to the six TPR motif-containing regions of KLC1 and did not interact with KIF5B (a motor subunit of kinesin 1) and KIF3A (a motor subunit of kinesin 2) in the yeast two-hybrid assay. The cytoplasmic amino N-terminal domain of FUNDC1 is essential for interaction with KLC1. When co-expressed in HEK-293T cells, FUNDC1 co-localized with KLC1 and co-immunoprecipitated with KLC1, but not KIF5B. Collectively, these results indicate that KLC1 may potentially compete with LC3, a key component for autophagosome formation, to interact with FUNDC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Hee Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwa Urm
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Seog
- Department of Biochemistry, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
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