1
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Zhang K, Adams KJ, Kumar S, Wang ZW, Zheng Y. A novel biological treatment of hydrothermal carbonization wastewater by using Thraustochytrium striatum. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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2
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Swetha A, ShriVigneshwar S, Gopinath KP, Sivaramakrishnan R, Shanmuganathan R, Arun J. Review on hydrothermal liquefaction aqueous phase as a valuable resource for biofuels, bio-hydrogen and valuable bio-chemicals recovery. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131248. [PMID: 34182640 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass results in the formation of bio-oil, aqueous phase (HTL-AP), bio-char, and gaseous products. Safer disposal of HTL-AP is difficult on an industrial scale since it comprises low molecular acid compounds. This review provides a comprehensive note on the recent articles published on the effective usage of HTL-AP for the recovery of valuable compounds. Thermo-chemical and biological processes are the preferred techniques for the recovery of biofuel, platform chemicals from HTL-AP. From this review, it was evident that the composition of HTL-AP and product recovery are the integrated pathways, which depend on each other. Substitute as reaction medium in HTL process, growth medium for algae and microbes are the most common mode of reuse and recycle of HTL-AP. Future research is needed to depict the mechanism of HTL process when HTL-AP is used as a reaction medium on an industrial scale. Need to find a solution for the hindrance in commercializing HTL process and recovery of value-added compounds from HTL-AP from lab scale to industry level. Integrated pathways on reuse and HTL-AP recycle helps in reduced environmental concerns and sustainable production of bio-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Authilingam Swetha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumar ShriVigneshwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rajasree Shanmuganathan
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Jayaseelan Arun
- Center for Waste Management - 'International Research Centre', Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai, 603119, Tamil Nadu, India.
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3
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Corsaro C, Fazio E. From Critical Point to Critical Point: The Two-States Model Describes Liquid Water Self-Diffusion from 623 to 126 K. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195899. [PMID: 34641442 PMCID: PMC8512083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid’s behaviour, when close to critical points, is of extreme importance both for fundamental research and industrial applications. A detailed knowledge of the structural–dynamical correlations in their proximity is still today a target to reach. Liquid water anomalies are ascribed to the presence of a second liquid–liquid critical point, which seems to be located in the very deep supercooled regime, even below 200 K and at pressure around 2 kbar. In this work, the thermal behaviour of the self-diffusion coefficient for liquid water is analyzed, in terms of a two-states model, for the first time in a very wide thermal region (126 K < T < 623 K), including those of the two critical points. Further, the corresponding configurational entropy and isobaric-specific heat have been evaluated within the same interval. The two liquid states correspond to high and low-density water local structures that play a primary role on water dynamical behavior over 500 K.
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4
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Nurcahyani PR, Matsumura Y. Reutilization of Algal Supercritical Water Gasification Waste for Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris Cultivation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:12551-12556. [PMID: 34056405 PMCID: PMC8154172 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Effluents obtained through a supercritical water gasification (SCWG) process at 400 and 600 °C were mixed with Bristol Medium to cultivate Chlorella vulgaris. Improvement of growth rate was observed only for the medium with the effluent at 600 °C. Low non-purgeable organic carbon implied that the inhibiting material was decomposed due to the high temperature of 600 °C. Thus, SCWG effluents might be more suitable for algae cultivation than hydrothermal liquefaction effluents. Phosphorus accumulation in C. vulgaris was improved in the SCWG mixed medium, irrespective of the treatment temperature. The media with SCWG effluents showed 2.5 times higher phosphorus accumulation in the algae, indicating the possibility of using a combination of C. vulgaris and SCWG for nutrient recycling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puji Rahmawati Nurcahyani
- Department
of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Matsumura
- Graduate
School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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5
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Chew KW, Khoo KS, Foo HT, Chia SR, Walvekar R, Lim SS. Algae utilization and its role in the development of green cities. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:129322. [PMID: 33359993 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid urbanisation happening around the world followed by the massive demand for clean energy resources, green cities play a pivotal role in building a sustainable future for the people. The continuing depletion of natural resources has led to the development of renewable energy with algae as the promising source. The high growth rate of microalgae and their strong bio-fixation ability to convert CO2 into O2 have been gaining attention globally and intensive research has been conducted regarding the microalgae benefits. The focus on potential of microalgae in contributing to the development of green cities is rising. The advantage of microalgae is their ability to gather energy from sunlight and carbon dioxide, followed by transforming the nutrients into biomass and oxygen. This leads to the creation of green cities through algae cultivation as waste and renewable materials can be put to good use. The challenges that arise when using algae and the future prospect in terms of SDGs and economy will also be covered in this review. The future of green cities can be enhanced with the adaptation of algae as the source of renewable plants to create a better outlook of an algae green city.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hui Thung Foo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shir Reen Chia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rashmi Walvekar
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Siew Shee Lim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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6
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Leng L, Zhang W, Leng S, Chen J, Yang L, Li H, Jiang S, Huang H. Bioenergy recovery from wastewater produced by hydrothermal processing biomass: Progress, challenges, and opportunities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:142383. [PMID: 33113702 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC)/liquefaction (HTL)/gasification (HTG) are promising processes for biofuel production from biomass containing high moisture. However, wastewater, the aqueous phase (AP) byproduct from these hydrothermal processes, is inevitably produced in large amounts. The AP contains >20% of the biomass carbon, and the total organic carbon in AP is as high as 10-20 g/L. The treatment and utilization of AP are becoming a bottleneck for the industrialization of hydrothermal technologies. The major challenges are the presence of various inhibitory substances and the high complexity of AP. Bioenergy recovery from AP has attracted increasing interest. In the present review, the compositions and characteristics of AP are first presented. Then, the progress in recovering bioenergy from AP by recirculation as the reaction solvent, anaerobic digestion (AD), supercritical water gasification (SCWG), microbial fuel cell (MFC), microbial electrolysis cell (MEC), and microalgae cultivation is discussed. Recirculation of AP as reaction solvent is preferable for AP from biomass with relatively low moisture; AD, MFC/MEC, and microalgae cultivation are desirable for the treatment of AP produced from processing biomass with low lignin content at relatively low temperatures; SCWG is widely applicable but is energy-intensive. Finally, challenges and corresponding strategies are proposed to promote the development of AP valorization technologies. Comprehensive analysis of AP compositions, clarification of the mechanisms of valorization processes, valorization process integration detoxification of AP, polycultures and co-processing of AP with other waste, enhancement in pollutant removal, scaling-up performance, and the techno-economic analysis and life-cycle assessment of valorization systems are promising directions in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Leng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Weijin Zhang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Songqi Leng
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Shaojian Jiang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Huajun Huang
- School of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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7
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Feedstock-Dependent Phosphate Recovery in a Pilot-Scale Hydrothermal Liquefaction Bio-Crude Production. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae (Spirulina) and primary sewage sludge are considerable feedstocks for future fuel-producing biorefinery. These feedstocks have either a high fuel production potential (algae) or a particularly high appearance as waste (sludge). Both feedstocks bring high loads of nutrients (P, N) that must be addressed in sound biorefinery concepts that primarily target specific hydrocarbons, such as liquid fuels. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), which produces bio-crude oil that is ready for catalytic upgrading (e.g., for jet fuel), is a useful starting point for such an approach. As technology advances from small-scale batches to pilot-scale continuous operations, the aspect of nutrient recovery must be reconsidered. This research presents a full analysis of relevant nutrient flows between the product phases of HTL for the two aforementioned feedstocks on the basis of pilot-scale data. From a partial experimentally derived mass balance, initial strategies for recovering the most relevant nutrients (P, N) were developed and proofed in laboratory-scale. The experimental and theoretical data from the pilot and laboratory scales are combined to present the proof of concept and provide the first mass balances of an HTL-based biorefinery modular operation for producing fertilizer (struvite) as a value-added product.
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8
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Grigorenko AV, Kostyukevich YI, Chernova NI, Kiseleva SV, Kiseleva EA, Popel OS, Vladimirov GN, Nikolaev EN, Kumar V, Vlaskin MS. Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Arthrospira platensis for Bio-Oil Production and Study of Chemical Composition for Bio-Oil and Its Gasoline Fraction. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427219110028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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9
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Comprehensive potential evaluation of the bio-oil production and nutrient recycling from seven algae through hydrothermal liquefaction. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-019-0345-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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10
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Visualization of supercritical water pseudo-boiling at Widom line crossover. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4114. [PMID: 31530816 PMCID: PMC6748934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Supercritical water is a green solvent used in many technological applications including materials synthesis, nuclear engineering, bioenergy, or waste treatment and it occurs in nature. Despite its relevance in natural systems and technical applications, the supercritical state of water is still not well understood. Recent theories predict that liquid-like (LL) and gas-like (GL) supercritical water are metastable phases, and that the so-called Widom line zone is marking the crossover between LL and GL behavior of water. With neutron imaging techniques, we succeed to monitor density fluctuations of supercritical water while the system evolves rapidly from LL to GL as the Widom line is crossed during isobaric heating. Our observations show that the Widom line of water can be identified experimentally and they are in agreement with the current theory of supercritical fluid pseudo-boiling. This fundamental understanding allows optimizing and developing new technologies using supercritical water as a solvent. Supercritical water exists in gas- and liquid-like forms, but these have not been distinguished yet at the macroscale. Here the authors investigate supercritical water interacting with microporous carbon by neutron imaging, and observe the coexistence of gas- and liquid-like states upon crossing the Widom line.
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11
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Damergi E, Madi H, Sharma S, Boukis N, Marechal F, Van Herle J, Ludwig C. A combined hydrothermal gasification - solid oxide fuel cell system for sustainable production of algal biomass and energy. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Techno-economic analysis of alternative aqueous phase treatment methods for microalgae hydrothermal liquefaction and biocrude upgrading system. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Gu Y, Zhang X, Deal B, Han L. Biological systems for treatment and valorization of wastewater generated from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass and systems thinking: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 278:329-345. [PMID: 30723025 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is one of the most promising platforms to valorize diverse biomass. Yet, a large amount of wastewater is produced containing a large amount of recalcitrant substances. Valorization of the refractory wastewater by biological systems to recapture organic matter and nutrients is not only clearly beneficial for the environment but also good for energy recovery. To this end, this study reviews the valorization of HTL wastewater via biological systems from many points of view, starting with the brief characterization of wastewater derived from HTL of diverse biomass. The fundamentals, pros and cons, and the most recent outcomes of numerous biological systems are comprehensively demonstrated with emphasis on their combinations. We then use a systems-thinking concept to shed light on a procedural model exhibiting a new perspective to consolidate the utilization of these systems. Finally, this review elucidates the future perspectives of HTL wastewater valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexuan Gu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1 Hazelwood Drive, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Brian Deal
- Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Lujia Han
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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14
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McGinn PJ, Park KC, Robertson G, Scoles L, Ma W, Singh D. Strategies for recovery and recycling of nutrients from municipal sewage treatment effluent and hydrothermal liquefaction wastewaters for the growth of the microalga Scenedesmus sp. AMDD. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Bagnoud-Velásquez M, Damergi E, Peng G, Vogel F, Ludwig C. Fate and reuse of nitrogen-containing organics from the hydrothermal conversion of algal biomass. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Soria-Verdugo A, Goos E, García-Hernando N, Riedel U. Analyzing the pyrolysis kinetics of several microalgae species by various differential and integral isoconversional kinetic methods and the Distributed Activation Energy Model. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Leng L, Li J, Wen Z, Zhou W. Use of microalgae to recycle nutrients in aqueous phase derived from hydrothermal liquefaction process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 256:529-542. [PMID: 29459104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of microalgae biomass generates an aqueous phase (AP) byproduct with limited energy value. Recycling the AP solution as a source of nutrients for microalgae cultivation provides an opportunity for a cost-effective production of HTL based biofuel and algal biomass feedstock for HTL, allowing a closed-loop biofuel production in microalgae HTL biofuel system. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of characteristics of AP and its nutrients recycling for algae production. Inhibitory effects resulted from the toxic compounds in AP and alleviation strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Leng
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiyou Wen
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Wenguang Zhou
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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18
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Edmundson S, Huesemann M, Kruk R, Lemmon T, Billing J, Schmidt A, Anderson D. Phosphorus and nitrogen recycle following algal bio-crude production via continuous hydrothermal liquefaction. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Damergi E, Schwitzguébel JP, Refardt D, Sharma S, Holliger C, Ludwig C. Extraction of carotenoids from Chlorella vulgaris using green solvents and syngas production from residual biomass. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Peng G, Vogel F, Refardt D, Ludwig C. Catalytic Supercritical Water Gasification: Continuous Methanization of Chlorella vulgaris. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Peng
- Energy
and Environment Research Department, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Vogel
- Energy
and Environment Research Department, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW), 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Refardt
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Christian Ludwig
- Energy
and Environment Research Department, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ENAC-IIE, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Klemmer M, Madsen RB, Houlberg K, Mørup AJ, Christensen PS, Becker J, Glasius M, Iversen BB. Effect of Aqueous Phase Recycling in Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b03414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maika Klemmer
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade
140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - René B. Madsen
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade
140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Houlberg
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade
140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders J. Mørup
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade
140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per S. Christensen
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade
140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jacob Becker
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade
140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marianne Glasius
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade
140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bo B. Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade
140, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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22
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Elliott DC. Review of recent reports on process technology for thermochemical conversion of whole algae to liquid fuels. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Canon-Rubio KA, Sharp CE, Bergerson J, Strous M, De la Hoz Siegler H. Use of highly alkaline conditions to improve cost-effectiveness of algal biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1611-1622. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Mackay S, Gomes E, Holliger C, Bauer R, Schwitzguébel JP. Harvesting of Chlorella sorokiniana by co-culture with the filamentous fungus Isaria fumosorosea: A potential sustainable feedstock for hydrothermal gasification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 185:353-361. [PMID: 25795450 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in down-stream processing, production of microalgae remains substantially limited because of economical reasons. Harvesting and dewatering are the most energy-intensive processing steps in their production and contribute 20-30% of total operational cost. Bio-flocculation of microalgae by co-cultivation with filamentous fungi relies on the development of large structures that facilitate cost effective harvesting. A yet unknown filamentous fungus was isolated as a contaminant from a microalgal culture and identified as Isaria fumosorosea. Blastospores production was optimized in minimal medium and the development of pellets, possibly lichens, was followed when co-cultured with Chlorella sorokiniana under strict autotrophic conditions. Stable pellets (1-2mm) formed rapidly at pH 7-8, clearing the medium of free algal cells. Biomass was harvested with large inexpensive filters, generating wet slurry suitable for hydrothermal gasification. Nutrient rich brine from the aqueous phase of hydrothermal gasification supported growth of the fungus and may increase the process sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Mackay
- Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Eduardo Gomes
- Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christof Holliger
- Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rolene Bauer
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa; LaunchLab, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Jean-Paul Schwitzguébel
- Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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