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Guo R, Torrejon VM, Reynolds C, Fayad R, Pickering J, Devine R, Rees D, Greenwood S, Kandemir C, Fisher LHC, White A, Quested T, Koh LSC. Assessing the environmental sustainability of consumer-centric poultry chain in the UK through life cycle approaches and the household simulation model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172634. [PMID: 38643883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Chicken fillets, predominantly encased in disposable plastic packaging, represent a common perishable commodity frequently found in the shopping baskets of British consumers, with an annual slaughter exceeding 1.1 billion chickens. The associated environmental implications are of considerable significance. However, a noticeable gap exists concerning the household-level ramifications of chicken meat consumption, which remains a prominent driver (165 kg CO2eyr-1 per capita) of environmental impacts in the United Kingdom (UK). This study's primary objective is to integrate Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology with insights derived from a spectrum of interventions simulated within the Household Simulation Model (HHSM). The interventions that are simulated are influenced by various consumer behaviours related to the purchase, consumption, storage and disposal of chicken fillets. The overarching aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the environmental consequences associated with each intervention. The research encompasses eight distinct household archetypes and the UK average, with a focus on discerning differences in their environmental influence. The introduction of shelf-life extension measures leads to a reduction in the overall environmental impacts (in μPt), with reductions ranging from 1 % to 18 %. Concurrently, waste treatment's environmental burdens can be curtailed by 9 % to 69 % for the UK average. Of the 12 interventions tested, the intervention that combines a one-day extension in the shelf life of open packs and a three-day extension for unopened packs leads to the greatest reduction in environmental impacts, at 18 % for the entire process and 69 % for the waste treatment. This intervention is estimated to yield annual reductions of 130,722 t of CO2 emissions across the entire process and 34,720 t of CO2 emissions from waste treatment, as compared to the default scenario. These findings demonstrate the importance of integrating consumer behaviour, food waste, and packaging considerations within the domain of food LCA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Management School, Advanced Resource Efficiency Centre and Energy Institute, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | - Ramzi Fayad
- Management School, Advanced Resource Efficiency Centre and Energy Institute, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Jack Pickering
- Management School, Advanced Resource Efficiency Centre and Energy Institute, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Rachel Devine
- WRAP, Blenheim Court, 19 George Street, Banbury OX16 5BH, UK
| | - Deborah Rees
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, UK
| | - Sarah Greenwood
- Grantham Centre for Sustainable Futures, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Cansu Kandemir
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Adrian White
- Centre for Food Policy; City, University of London, UK
| | - Tom Quested
- WRAP, Blenheim Court, 19 George Street, Banbury OX16 5BH, UK
| | - Lenny S C Koh
- Management School, Advanced Resource Efficiency Centre and Energy Institute, The University of Sheffield, UK.
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Dennehy D, Brown A, Coto C, Mejia L, Wamsley K. Determining the digestible lysine requirement of Cobb MV × Cobb 500 FF broilers from 28-41 days of age and the effect of feeding varying digestible lysine levels on performance, processing, and economics. J APPL POULTRY RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2022.100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Standardized ileal digestible lysine requirements of 21–28 days old male broilers. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Macelline SP, Toghyani M, Chrystal PV, Dorigam JCDP, Greenhalgh S, Selle PH, Liu SY. Essential amino acid recommendations for Isa Brown layers during peak and post peak production. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102171. [PMID: 36240635 PMCID: PMC9573913 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to re-evaluate the ideal amino acid ratios of total sulphur amino acids (TSAA), Thr, Val, Ile, Trp, and Arg relative to Lys during peak and post-peak production phases in laying hens by using seven independent amino acid assays in similar experimental setting. A total of 348 twenty wk old Isa Brown laying hens were allocated to individual battery cages. Each dietary treatment included 6 replicates with 2 single cages (2 birds) as one replicate. All diets were formulated based on maize, soybean meal, and canola meal to have identical crude protein (120 g/kg) concentrations and energy density (11.9 MJ/kg) but with 5 levels of dietary concentrations of tested amino acids. Hens were offered experimental diets from 27 to 33 wk of age in experiment 1 (Exp. 1) and from 42 to 48 wk of age in experiment 2 (Exp. 2). Daily egg production and weekly egg weights were recorded, and feed intakes were calculated for each experimental period to determine egg production rate, egg mass, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Linear and quadratic broken line models were used to estimate amino acid requirements on egg production rate, egg mass and FCR. Overall, quadratic broken line models estimated higher amino acid requirements for egg mass, egg production rate and FCR than linear broken line models by 23, 25, and 20%, respectively. The predicted daily Lys intake recommendation was 720 mg/bird/day with linear broken line model and 897 mg/bird/day with quadratic broken line model and the recommended ideal amino acid ratios relative to Lys are 85 for TSAA, 69 for Thr, 83 for Val, 87 for Ile, 22 for Trp, and 82 for Arg based on linear broken line model and 87 for TSAA, 67 for Thr, 83 for Val, 86 for Ile, 22 for Trp, and 78 for Arg based on quadratic broken line model estimations.
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Macelline SP, Chrystal PV, McQuade LR, Mclnerney BV, Kim Y, Bao Y, Selle PH, Liu SY. Graded methionine dietary inclusions influence growth performance and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates in broiler chickens. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 8:160-168. [PMID: 34977386 PMCID: PMC8683676 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Graded quantities of 1.38, 2.76 and 4.14 g/kg L-methionine were included in a control diet formulated to contain 3.07 g/kg digestible methionine. Each of the 4 dietary treatments was offered to 6 replicate cages (initially 8 birds per cage) from 1 to 21 d post-hatch. The parameters assessed included growth performance, nutrient utilisation (apparent metabolisable energy [AME], AME:GE ratios, N retention, N-corrected apparent metabolisable energy [AMEn]), apparent digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates of amino acids in the distal ileum. They also included free amino concentrations in systemic plasma (brachial vein) at 20 d post-hatch and in hepatic tissue at 14 and 21 d post-hatch. Graded L-methionine inclusions quadratically influenced weight gain (r = 0.688; P = 0.001) and FCR (r = 0.780; P < 0.001). It may be deduced from the quadratic regressions that 3.43 g/kg L-methionine supported maximum weight gain of 1,036 g/kg and 3.50 g/kg L-methionine minimum FCR of 1.193, from 1 to 21 d post-hatch. The control diet contained specified levels of 3.07 g/kg digestible methionine and 13.0 g/kg digestible lysine. Thus, an inclusion of 3.465 g/kg L-methionine corresponded to a total of 6.535 g/kg methionine or a methionine-to-lysine ratio of 50.3, which is higher than standard recommendations. The implications of this and other outcomes of the present study are reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shemil P. Macelline
- Poultry Research Foundation, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Peter V. Chrystal
- Poultry Research Foundation, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
- Baiada Poultry Ltd, Pendle Hill, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Leon R. McQuade
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Bernard V. Mclnerney
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Yangsu Kim
- CJ Bio, 330, Dongho-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-400, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumin Bao
- Redox Pty Ltd, Minto, NSW, 2566, Australia
| | - Peter H. Selle
- Poultry Research Foundation, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
| | - Sonia Y. Liu
- Poultry Research Foundation, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Nogueira BRF, Sakomura NK, Leme BB, de Paula Reis M, Fernandes JBK, da Silva Viana G. Lysine and arginine requirements of male and female broiler in the starter, grower, and finisher phase. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Review: Physiological growth trend of current meat broilers and dietary protein and energy management approaches for sustainable broiler production. Animal 2021; 15 Suppl 1:100284. [PMID: 34246596 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The food production system needs to be sustainable including poultry sector to feed the increasing global population. An accepted economical and environmental approach of broiler production is to produce larger broilers faster while using less feed. Broiler production is aimed at producing consumable meat and meat products. The global broiler meat market has evolved over the years with increasing selection pressure shifted toward attaining yield characteristics for increased cut-up parts such as breast and thighs. There is a shift toward a big bird market in the U.S. with approximately 70% of the broiler meat produced from large birds (>2.72 kg). Genetic selection of broilers for quantitative traits such as growth rate and lean muscle mass without increasing the fat mass has altered broiler physiological homeostasis to adapt toward the larger rates of muscle protein turnover. Physiological stresses created due to selection pressures in broilers have produced several muscle myopathies including an emerging one called woody breast myopathy. The sustainable broiler production practice may require humane consideration of raising broilers in less stressful grow-out regimes that will have minimal impact on broiler metabolic health. Another sustainability approach of broiler production toward feed efficiency lies on understanding dietary formulation approach of amino acids and energy that promote optimal nutrient utilization and minimal nutrient output to environment while also fulfilling the growth demands and body composition changes associated with increased protein gain in current meat broilers brought by the genetic progress.
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Martínez Y, Valdivié M. Efficiency of Ross 308 broilers under different nutritional requirements. J APPL POULTRY RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2021.100140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Maynard C, Liu S, Lee J, Caldas J, Diehl J, Rochell S, Dridi S, Kidd M. Determination of digestible valine requirements in male and female Cobb 500 broilers. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Maharjan P, Mullenix G, Hilton K, Caldas J, Beitia A, Weil J, Suesuttajit N, Kalinowski A, Yacoubi N, Naranjo V, England J, Coon C. Effect of digestible amino acids to energy ratios on performance and yield of two broiler lines housed in different grow-out environmental temperatures. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6884-6898. [PMID: 33248604 PMCID: PMC7704956 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Two broiler lines, Line A and Line B, were fed experimental diets from 22 to 42 d with objectives to determine effects of digestible amino acids (AA) to metabolizable energy ratios on feed intake (FI), performance, and processing yield. Experimental diets were formulated to 3,150 kcal/kg with 5 levels of digestible lysine (dLys)—80, 90, 100, 110, and 120% of recommended AA level giving g dLys/Mcal values of 2.53, 2.85, 3.17, 3.48, and 3.80, respectively. All other AA were formulated to a fixed ratio to dLys. A total of 4,050 chicks were utilized in each trial (9 replicate pens for each AA level and each line; 45 chicks/pen) conducted twice: one in hot environmental temperature (HT) (24 h mean ∼85.3 °F; 80.9% RH) and another in cool environmental temperature (CT) (24 h mean ∼71.6 °F; 61.7% RH). Results showed that FI was not impacted by dietary AA levels in HT for both lines. Higher FI (P < 0.05) was observed in CT for lower dietary AA levels (<100% AA level) for both lines, with overall higher FI occurring in Line B. Higher FI for Line B was also accompanied by higher body weight in HT and CT. Treatment diets had quadratic effects on average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and processing yields (breasts and tenders) in both HT and CT, with broilers in CT performing better (P < 0.05). The optimal response values for ADG in HT and CT were 89.72 g and 113.44 g occurring at 120 and 109.5% AA level, respectively. The optimal response values for FCR in HT and CT were 1.79 and 1.58 occurring at 120 and 117.5% AA level, respectively. The optimal response values for breast meat yield in HT and CT were 575.9 g and 776.5 g occurring at 112.6 and 114.5% AA level, respectively. The optimal response values for tender meat yield in HT and CT were 119.8 g and 154.9 g occurring at 120 and 115% AA level, respectively. Line A had a higher breast and tender yield % (of live weight) for both environmental temperatures which correlated to body composition data with higher % protein mass and % digestible AA retention. In this study, findings indicated that effects of increased digestible AA density on FI, performance, and processing yield are specific to strain and grow-out temperature, but the optimum response was attained for both lines with diets containing 110 to 120% AA levels (3.48–3.80 g dLys/Mcal) during the 22 to 42 d finisher period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramir Maharjan
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA
| | - Garret Mullenix
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA
| | - Katie Hilton
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA
| | | | - Antonio Beitia
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA
| | - Jordan Weil
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA
| | - Nawin Suesuttajit
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA
| | | | | | - Victor Naranjo
- Evonik Guatemala S.A., Edificio Punto Diez, Oficina 3D, Cidade da Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Judy England
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA
| | - Craig Coon
- Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA.
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