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Bailey MJ, Leonard SH, Price J, Roberts E, Spector L, Zhang M. Breathing new life into death certificates: Extracting handwritten cause of death in the LIFE-M project. EXPLORATIONS IN ECONOMIC HISTORY 2023; 87:101474. [PMID: 36778518 PMCID: PMC9912950 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2022.101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The demographic and epidemiological transitions of the past 200 years are well documented at an aggregate level. Understanding differences in individual and group risks for mortality during these transitions requires linkage between demographic data and detailed individual cause of death information. This paper describes the digitization of almost 185,000 causes of death for Ohio to supplement demographic information in the Longitudinal, Intergenerational Family Electronic Micro-database (LIFE-M). To extract causes of death, our methodology combines handwriting recognition, extensive data cleaning algorithms, and the semi-automated classification of causes of death into International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. Our procedures are adaptable to other collections of handwritten data, which require both handwriting recognition and semi-automated coding of the information extracted.
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Amiri F, Moradinazar M, Moludi J, Pasdar Y, Najafi F, Shakiba E, Hamzeh B, Saber A. The association between self-reported mobile phone usage with blood pressure and heart rate: evidence from a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2031. [PMID: 36344963 PMCID: PMC9639298 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the advancement of technology, the rate of access and use of mobile phones in different communities has increased significantly. Mobile phones emit electromagnetic waves and therefore excessive use of them may have harmful effects on physical and mental health and especially on the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to investigate the association between self-reported mobile phone use duration and blood pressure and heart rate (HR) using data from Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort study. Methods The present cross-sectional study was performed using the data of 8905 out of 10,065 participants in the RaNCD study in Iran. According to the mean self-reported duration of mobile phone usage (min/day) over the previous 12 months, all users were divided into four groups. The first and fourth groups had the least and most time using mobile phones respectively. The relationship between blood pressure and the duration of mobile phone use was determined using univariate and multiple linear regression. Results Of 8905 participants aged 35–65 years, 1515 (17.0%) of them didn't use mobile phones. The minimum, maximum, and mean duration of self-reported mobile phone use between users were 3.4, 50.4, and 19.5 min/day, respectively. A decrease in women's systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and HR was observed by increasing the duration of mobile phone use. With adjustment for effective confounding factors, there was a significant negative association between SBP [-2.52 (-4.11, -0.94)], DBP [-1.86 (-2.83, -0.89)], and duration of mobile use. Conclusion In this study, a significant decreasing trend was found between SBP, DBP, and HR and higher mobile phone usage in women. Based on regression analysis, SBP, DBP, and duration of mobile phone use were associated negatively in those who used their phones for at least 8 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Amiri
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jalal Moludi
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Shakiba
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Behrooz Hamzeh
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Saber
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Drug overdose mortality is associated with employment status and occupation in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2020; 46:769-776. [PMID: 32990475 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2020.1820018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 1999, over 702,000 people in the US have died of a drug overdose, and the drug overdose death rate has increased from 6.2 to 21.8 per 100,000. Employment status and occupation may be important social determinants of overdose deaths. OBJECTIVES Estimate the risk of drug overdose death by employment status and occupation, controlling for other social and demographic factors known to be associated with overdose deaths. METHODS Proportional hazard models were used to study US adults in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study with baseline measurements taken in the early 2000s and up to 6 years of follow-up (n = 438,739, 53% female, 47% male). Comparisons were made between adults with different employment statuses (employed, unemployed, disabled, etc.) and occupations (sales, construction, service occupations, etc.). Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income and marital status. RESULTS Adults who were disabled (hazard ratio (HR) = 6.96 (95% CI = 6.81-7.12)), unemployed (HR = 4.20, 95% CI = 4.09-4.32) and retired (HR = 2.94, 95% CI = 2.87-3.00) were at higher risk of overdose death relative to those who were employed. By occupation, those working in service (HR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.97-2.13); construction and extraction (HR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.64-1.76); management, business and financial (HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.33-1.44); and installation, maintenance and repair (HR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.25-1.40) occupations displayed higher risk relative to professional occupations. CONCLUSIONS In a large national cohort followed prospectively for up to 6 years, several employment statuses and occupations are associated with overdose deaths, independent of a range of other factors. Efforts to prevent overdose deaths may benefit from focusing on these high-risk groups.
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Moradinazar M, Pasdar Y, Najafi F, Shakiba ,E, Hamzeh B, Moludi J, Amiri F. The effect of duration of mobile phone usage on blood pressure and heart rate: Evidence from a cohort study (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2020. [DOI: 10.2196/21427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Su L, Yimaer A, Wei X, Xu Z, Chen G. The effects of 50 Hz magnetic field exposure on DNA damage and cellular functions in various neurogenic cells. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2017; 58:474-486. [PMID: 28369556 PMCID: PMC5570089 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrx012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have indicated a possible association between extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) exposure and the risk of nervous system diseases. However, laboratory studies have not provided consistent results for clarifying this association, despite many years of studies. In this study, we have systematically investigated the effects of 50 Hz MF exposure on DNA damage and cellular functions in both neurogenic tumor cell lines (U251, A172, SH-SY5Y) and primary cultured neurogenic cells from rats (astrocytes, microglia, cortical neurons). The results showed that exposure to a 50 Hz MF at 2.0 mT for up to 24 h did not influence γH2AX foci formation (an early marker of DNA double-strand breaks) in any of six different neurogenic cells. Exposure to a 50 Hz MF did not affect cell cycle progression, cell proliferation or cell viability in neurogenic tumor U251, A172 or SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, the MF exposure for 24 h did not significantly affect the secretion of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 or IL-1β) in astrocytes or microglia, or the phagocytic activity of microglia. In addition, MF exposure for 1 h per day did not significantly influence expression levels of microtubule-associated protein tau, microtubule-associated protein 2, postsynaptic density 95 or gephyrin in cortical neurons, indicating an absence of effects of MF exposure on the development of cortical neurons. In conclusion, our data suggest that exposure to a 50 Hz MF at 2.0 mT did not elicit DNA damage effects or abnormal cellular functions in the neurogenic cells studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Su
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, 399 Zhimi Road, Shangrao 331000, China
| | - Aziguli Yimaer
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wei
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhengping Xu
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guangdi Chen
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding author. Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China. Tel: +86-571-88208169; Fax: +86-571-88208163;
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Goldberg M, Carton M, Descatha A, Leclerc A, Roquelaure Y, Santin G, Zins M. CONSTANCES: a general prospective population-based cohort for occupational and environmental epidemiology: cohort profile. Occup Environ Med 2016; 74:66-71. [PMID: 27884936 PMCID: PMC5241503 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-103678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
WHY THE COHORT WAS SET UP?: CONSTANCES is a general-purpose cohort with a focus on occupational and environmental factors. COHORT PARTICIPANTS CONSTANCES was designed as a randomly selected sample of French adults aged 18-69 years at inception; 200 000 participants will be included. DATA COLLECTION PHASES At enrolment, the participants are invited to complete questionnaires and to attend a health screening centre (HSC) for a health examination. A biobank will be set up. The follow-up includes an yearly self-administered questionnaire, a periodic visit to an HSC and linkage to social and national health administrative databases. MAIN TYPES OF DATA COLLECTED Data collected for participants include social and demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, life events and behaviours. Regarding occupational and environmental factors, a wealth of data on organisational, chemical, biological, biomechanical and psychosocial lifelong exposure, as well as residential characteristics, are collected at enrolment and during follow-up. The health data cover a wide spectrum: self-reported health scales, reported prevalent and incident diseases, long-term chronic diseases and hospitalisations, sick-leaves, handicaps, limitations, disabilities and injuries, healthcare usage and services provided, and causes of death. CONTROL OF SELECTION EFFECTS To take into account non-participation and attrition, a random cohort of non-participants was set up and will be followed through the same national databases as participants. DATA ACCESS Inclusions begun at the end of 2012 and more than 110 000 participants were already included by September 2016. Several projects on occupational and environmental risks already applied to a public call for nested research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Goldberg
- Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, INSERM UMS 11, Villejuif, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Carton
- Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, INSERM UMS 11, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexis Descatha
- Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, INSERM UMS 11, Villejuif, France.,Occupational Health Unit, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Garches, France
| | - Annette Leclerc
- Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, INSERM UMS 11, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Gaëlle Santin
- Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, INSERM UMS 11, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Zins
- Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, INSERM UMS 11, Villejuif, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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Koeman T, Slottje P, Kromhout H, Schouten LJ, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA, Vermeulen R. Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and cardiovascular disease mortality in a prospective cohort study. Occup Environ Med 2013; 70:402-7. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2012-100889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Evaluation of occupational exposure to magnetic fields and motor neuron disease mortality in a population-based cohort. J Occup Environ Med 2012; 53:1447-51. [PMID: 22076040 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0b013e318237a1d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epidemiologic evidence for the association between electromagnetic fields and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the most common form of motor neuron disease (MND), has been inconclusive. We evaluated the association between electromagnetic fields and MND among workers in occupations potentially exposed to magnetic fields METHODS MND mortality (ICD-9 335.2) was examined in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study using multivariable proportional hazards models. Occupational exposure to magnetic fields was determined on the basis of a population-based job-exposure matrix. Age at entry, education, race, sex, and income were considered for inclusion as covariates RESULTS After adjusting for age, sex, and education, there were no increased risks of MND mortality in relation to potential magnetic field exposure, with hazard ratios around the null in all magnetic field exposure quartiles CONCLUSIONS Our study does not provide evidence for an association between magnetic field exposure and MND mortality.
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Gobba F, Bravo G, Rossi P, Contessa GM, Scaringi M. Occupational and environmental exposure to extremely low frequency-magnetic fields: a personal monitoring study in a large group of workers in Italy. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2011; 21:634-645. [PMID: 21468121 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2011.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An inaccurate evaluation of exposure is considered a possible cause for the inadequate conclusiveness of epidemiological research on adverse effects of extremely low frequency-magnetic fields (ELF-MF). The objective of this study is to provide an evaluation of current ELF-MF exposure in workers, the specific contribution of occupational exposure to overall 24-h exposure, and the representativeness of a job exposure matrix (JEM). ELF-MF exposure was monitored in 543 workers for 2 days using personal meters. Time-weighted average (TWA) levels at work, at home and outside the home were calculated. A JEM based on the 1988 International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO 88) was created. Median exposure at work, at home and outside the home were 0.14, 0.03 and 0.05 μT, respectively. Occupational exposure accounted for about 60% of 24-h exposure. In the JEM, about 50% of the classified occupations included significantly different individual TWAs. Occupational exposure to ELF-MF appeared low. Median exposure levels at home and outside were 20-28% of the occupational level, giving a minor contribution to overall day-to-day exposure. The frequent occurrence of workers with different TWA included under the same job title highlights the risk of misclassification in epidemiological studies on ELF-MF effects based on JEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabriziomaria Gobba
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41100 Modena, Italy.
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Suresh S, Sabanayagam C, Kalidindi S, Shankar A. Cell-phone use and self-reported hypertension: national health interview survey 2008. Int J Hypertens 2011; 2011:360415. [PMID: 21629867 PMCID: PMC3095917 DOI: 10.4061/2011/360415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Cell-phone usage has increased dramatically over the last decade, along with a rising public concern over the health effects of using this device. The association between cell-phone usage and hypertension has not been examined before. Methods. We analysed data from 21,135 adults aged ≥18 years who participated in the 2008 National Health Interview Survey. Based on reported cell-phone use, participants were categorized as cell-phone nonusers, predominantly landline users, dual users of cell phone and landline, and predominantly cell-phone users. The main outcome of interest was self-reported physician-diagnosed hypertension (n = 6,793). Results. 43.5% of the participants were cell-phone nonusers, while 13.8% were predominantly cell-phone users. We found that cell-phone use was inversely associated with hypertension, independent of age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, alcohol consumption, education, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity. Compared to cell-phone nonusers, the multivariable odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of hypertension was 0.86 (0.75-0.98, P trend = .005) among predominantly cell-phone users. This inverse association between cell-phone use and hypertension was stronger in women, those aged <60 years, whites, and those with BMI <25 kg/m(2). Conclusion. We found that cell-phone usage was protectively associated with self-reported hypertension in a nationally representative sample of US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Suresh
- University Scholars Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260
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