1
|
Raisi A, Zerbini V, Piva T, Belvederi Murri M, Menegatti E, Caruso L, Masotti S, Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Mandini S. Treating Binge Eating Disorder With Physical Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 55:523-530. [PMID: 37245147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to collect evidence about the effectiveness of exercise programs for managing binge eating disorder (BED) (recurrent binge eating episodes). METHODS Meta-analysis was developed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials were eligible for inclusion if they reported the effect of an exercise-based program on BED symptoms in adults. Outcomes were changes in binge eating symptom severity, measured through validated assessment instruments, after an exercise-based intervention. Study results were pooled using the Bayesian model averaging for random and fixed effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Of 2,757 studies, 5 trials were included, with 264 participants. The mean age was 44.7 ± 8.1 years for the intervention group and 46.6 ± 8.5 years for the control group. All participants were female. A significant improvement was observed between groups (standardized mean difference, 0.94; 95% credibility interval, -1.46 to -0.31). Patients obtained significant improvements either following supervised exercise programs or home-based exercise prescriptions. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE These findings suggest that physical exercise, within a multidisciplinary clinical and psychotherapeutic approach, may be an effective intervention for managing BED symptoms. Further comparative studies are needed to clarify which exercise modality is associated with greater clinical benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raisi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Zerbini
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Piva
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Institute of Psychiatry Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erica Menegatti
- Departement of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Departement of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Masotti
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Grazzi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Gianni Mazzoni
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simona Mandini
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Al-Hazmi MH, Noorwali EA. Morning individuals in Saudi Arabia have higher self-regulation of eating behavior compared to evening types. Chronobiol Int 2022; 40:223-233. [PMID: 36545690 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2158846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronotype is a manifestation of an individual's circadian system, which can be presented as a preference for morningness or eveningness. Evening chronotype has been linked to unhealthy dietary habits. These habits are partially from poor self-regulation of eating behavior (SREB). SREB is a goal-directed process that helps resist food temptation and achieve desired dietary outcomes. It is unclear whether chronotype is associated with SREB. This study aims to investigate the association between chronotypes and SREB. A total of 599 adults (18-50 years) enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Participants received an online questionnaire that collected sociodemographic, anthropometrics, chronotype through the validated reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) and SREB using the SREB Questionnaire. ANOVA, Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used. In adjusted models, morning types had 85% higher SREB compared to evening types (p = 0.003, OR = 1.85). Evening types found fried foods (p = 0.003), chips (p = 0.005) and French fries (p = 0.018) more tempting than morning types. These findings show a link between chronotype and SREB. Strategies focusing on SREB may help evening types improve dietary habits. Further studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanisms for these associations. This may have important implications for lifestyle and behavioral change policy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Hamed Al-Hazmi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essra Abdulsalam Noorwali
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Benefits of Exercise in Multidisciplinary Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder in Adolescents with Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148300. [PMID: 35886152 PMCID: PMC9315465 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity in childhood and adolescence represents a serious health problem worldwide. Similarly, eating disorders (EDs) are complex diseases that affect adolescents with an increasing prevalence and are an alarming health concern to both physical and mental health. Traditionally, obesity and EDs, particularly binge eating disorder (BED), have been considered separate conditions, but there is emerging evidence such as etiology, comorbidities, risk factors, psychosocial impairment, and prevention approaches, highlighting important overlaps among these conditions. In youth, the two conditions share risk factors and consequences at both the physical and psychological levels, requiring special care. Exercise, useful as strategy to prevent and treat overweight conditions, may have beneficial effects on BED symptoms, suggesting that it may be considered as one of the key factors in the treatment of individuals affected by obesity with BED. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the bidirectional impact of obesity and BED in adolescents, in terms of risk factors, etiology and comorbid conditions. Specifically, we focused on the benefits of physical activity (PA) in the multidisciplinary treatment of subjects affected by obesity with BED. Even though additional research is needed to reach conclusions about the role of exercise in the treatment of obesity and comorbid BED, especially in adolescents, promising results have already suggested that closely monitored exercise is safe and, paired with cognitive behavioral therapy, may provide multiple benefits on both the physical and psychological levels. Tailored and integrated treatments for weight management and eating disorders are important to promptly and effectively treat obese subjects that have BED.
Collapse
|
4
|
Alberga AS, Edache IY, Sigal RJ, Ranson KM, Russell‐Mayhew S, Kenny GP, Doucette S, Prud’homme D, Hadjiyannakis S, Cameron J, Goldfield GS. Effects of the HEARTY exercise randomized controlled trial on eating behaviors in adolescents with obesity. Obes Sci Pract 2022; 9:158-171. [PMID: 37034563 PMCID: PMC10073823 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are well-recognized benefits of behavioral interventions that include exercise for children and adolescents with obesity. However, such behavioral weight management programs may precipitate unintended consequences. It is unclear if different exercise modalities impact eating behaviors differently in youth with obesity. Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic and resistance exercise training on eating attitudes and behaviors (uncontrolled eating, restrained eating, emotional eating, external eating and food craving) among adolescents with overweight and obesity. Methods N = 304 (70% female) adolescents with overweight and obesity participated in the 6-month Healthy Eating Aerobic and Resistance Training in Youth (HEARTY) randomized controlled trial. All participants were inactive post-pubertal adolescents (15.6 ± 1.4 years) with a mean BMI = 34.6 ± 4.5 kg/m2. The Food Craving Inventory (food cravings), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (restrained eating, emotional eating, external eating), and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (uncontrolled eating) were used to assess eating attitudes and behaviors. Results All exercise groups showed within-group decreases in external eating and food cravings. Participants randomized to the Combined training group and were more adherent showed the greatest improvements in eating behaviors and cravings. Conclusions A 6-month exercise intervention produced improvements in disordered eating behaviors and food cravings, but effects may be gender and modality-specific. Findings highlight the need to tailor exercise intervention to participant characteristics for the promotion of healthier eating and weight management outcomes in youth with obesity. Clinical Trial Registration # and Date: ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT00195858, September 12, 2005.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela S. Alberga
- Department of Health Kinesiology and Applied Physiology Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St WSP 165.31 Montreal QC CanadaH4B1R6
| | - Iyoma Y. Edache
- Department of Health Kinesiology and Applied Physiology Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St WSP 165.31 Montreal QC CanadaH4B1R6
| | - Ronald J. Sigal
- Departments of Medicine Cardiac Sciences and Community Health Sciences Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology University of Calgary 1820 Richmond Road SWRoom 1898 Calgary AB CanadaT2T 5C7
- Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 725 Parkdale Avenue Ottawa Ontario CanadaON K1Y 4E9
- School of Human Kinetics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa 125 University Montpetit Hall Ottawa ON CanadaK1N 6N5
| | - Kristin M. Ranson
- Department of Psychology University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary AB CanadaT2N 1N4
| | - Shelly Russell‐Mayhew
- Werklund School of Education University of Calgary 2750 University Drive NW Calgary AB CanadaT2N1N4
| | - Glen P. Kenny
- Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 725 Parkdale Avenue Ottawa Ontario CanadaON K1Y 4E9
- School of Human Kinetics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa 125 University Montpetit Hall Ottawa ON CanadaK1N 6N5
| | - Steve Doucette
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology Dalhousie University 5790 University Ave. Room 207 Halifax NS CanadaB3H 1V7
| | - Denis Prud’homme
- Université de Moncton 18avenue Antonine‐MailletNouveau‐Brunswick MonctonE1A 3E9 Canada
| | - Stasia Hadjiyannakis
- Healthy Active Living & Obesity Research Group (HALO) Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute 401 Smyth Rd Ottawa ON CanadaK1H 8L1
| | - Jameason Cameron
- Department of Pharmacy Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario 401 Smyth Rd Ottawa ON CanadaK1H 8L1
| | - Gary S. Goldfield
- Healthy Active Living & Obesity Research Group (HALO) Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute 401 Smyth Rd Ottawa ON CanadaK1H 8L1
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Beaulieu K, Hopkins M, Gibbons C, Oustric P, Caudwell P, Blundell J, Finlayson G. Exercise Training Reduces Reward for High-Fat Food in Adults with Overweight/Obesity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:900-908. [PMID: 31764466 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is increasing evidence that exercise training may facilitate weight management via improvements in homeostatic appetite control, but little is known about how exercise training affects food reward and susceptibility to overeating. METHODS This study examined changes in food reward and eating behavior traits after a supervised 12-wk exercise intervention (10.5 MJ·wk) in inactive individuals with overweight/obesity (exercisers; n = 46, 16 men/30 women; mean (SD) body mass index, 30.6 (3.8) kg·m; and mean (SD) age, 43.2 (7.5) yr) compared with nonexercising controls (n = 15; 6 men/9 women; mean (SD) body mass index, 31.4 (3.7) kg·m; and mean (SD) age, 41.4 (10.7) yr). Liking and wanting scores for high-fat relative to low-fat foods were assessed with the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire before and after consumption of an isoenergetic high-fat or high-carbohydrate lunch. Eating behavior traits were assessed using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire and Binge Eating Scale. RESULTS A week-group interaction indicated that wanting scores decreased from baseline to postintervention in exercisers only (M[INCREMENT]Pre-Post = -4.1, P = 0.03, ηp = 0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI], -7.8 to -0.4), but there was no exercise effect on liking. There was also a week-group interaction for binge eating, which decreased in exercisers only (M[INCREMENT]Pre-Post = -1.5, P = 0.01, ηp = 0.11; 95% CI, -2.7 to -0.4). A small reduction in disinhibition was also apparent in exercisers (M[INCREMENT]Pre-Post = -0.7, P = 0.02, ηp = 0.10; 95% CI, -1.3 to -0.1). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that 12 wk of exercise training reduced wanting scores for high-fat foods and trait markers of overeating in individuals with overweight/obesity compared with nonexercising controls. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind these exercise-induced changes in food reward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Beaulieu
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Mark Hopkins
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Catherine Gibbons
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Pauline Oustric
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - John Blundell
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Graham Finlayson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Martinez-Avila WD, Sanchez-Delgado G, Acosta FM, Jurado-Fasoli L, Oustric P, Labayen I, Blundell JE, Ruiz JR. Eating Behavior, Physical Activity and Exercise Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Young Healthy Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123685. [PMID: 33260423 PMCID: PMC7760390 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity (PA) is an important part of the treatment of several medical conditions, including overweight and obesity, in which there may be a weakened appetite control. Eating behaviour traits influence weight control and may be different in active and sedentary subjects. This paper reports the relationships between the time spent in sedentary behaviour and physical activity (PA) of different intensity, and eating behaviour traits in young, healthy adults. Additionally, it reports the results of a six-month-long, randomized, controlled trial to examine the effect of an exercise intervention on eating behaviour traits. A total of 139 young (22.06 ± 2.26 years) healthy adults (68.35% women) with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 24.95 ± 4.57 kg/m2 were enrolled. Baseline assessments of habitual PA were made using wrist-worn triaxial accelerometers; eating behaviour traits were examined via the self-reported questionnaires: Binge Eating, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 and Control of Eating Questionnaire. The subjects were then randomly assigned to one of three groups: control (usual lifestyle), moderate-intensity exercise (aerobic and resistance training 3¨C4 days/week at a heart rate equivalent to 60% of the heart rate reserve (HRres) for the aerobic component, and at 50% of the 1 repetition maximum (RM) for the resistance component), or vigorous-intensity exercise (the same training but at 80% HRres for half of the aerobic training, and 70% RM for the resistance training). At baseline, sedentary behaviour was inversely associated with binge eating (r = −0.181, p < 0.05) and with uncontrolled eating (r = −0.286, p = 0.001). Moderate PA (MPA) was inversely associated with craving control (r = −0.188, p < 0.05). Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was directly associated with binge eating (r = 0.302, p < 0.001) and uncontrolled eating (r = 0.346, p < 0.001), and inversely associated with craving control (r = −0.170, p < 0.015). Overall, PA was directly associated with binge eating (r = 0.275, p = 0.001), uncontrolled eating (r = 0.321, p < 0.001) and emotional eating (r = 0.204, p < 0.05). Additionally, only emotional eating was modified by the intervention, increasing in the vigorous-intensity exercise group (p < 0.05). In summary, we observed that time spent in sedentary behaviour/PA of different intensity is associated with eating behaviour traits, especially binge eating in young adults. In contrast, the six-month exercise intervention did not lead to appreciable changes in eating behaviour traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy D. Martinez-Avila
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007 Granada, Spain; (G.S.-D.); (F.M.A.); (L.J.-F.); (J.R.R.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007 Granada, Spain; (G.S.-D.); (F.M.A.); (L.J.-F.); (J.R.R.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Francisco M. Acosta
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007 Granada, Spain; (G.S.-D.); (F.M.A.); (L.J.-F.); (J.R.R.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007 Granada, Spain; (G.S.-D.); (F.M.A.); (L.J.-F.); (J.R.R.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pauline Oustric
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (P.O.); (J.E.B.)
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), IDISNA, Navarra’s Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Public University of Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - John E. Blundell
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (P.O.); (J.E.B.)
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007 Granada, Spain; (G.S.-D.); (F.M.A.); (L.J.-F.); (J.R.R.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Al-Hanawi MK, Chirwa GC, Kamninga TM. Decomposition of Gender Differences in Body Mass Index in Saudi Arabia using Unconditional Quantile Regression: Analysis of National-Level Survey Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2330. [PMID: 32235630 PMCID: PMC7178090 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Understanding gender differences in body mass index (BMI) between males and females has been much debated and received considerable attention. This study aims to decompose gender differentials in the BMI of people of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study decomposed the BMI gender gap into its associated factors across the entire BMI distribution by using counterfactual regression methods. The main method of analysis was newly developed unconditional quantile regression-based decomposition, which applied Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition using data from the Saudi Health Interview Survey. Gender differentials were found in the BMI, with females showing a higher BMI than males. The aggregate decomposition showed that both the covariate effect and the structural effect were significant at the 25th and 50th quantiles. Detailed decomposition indicated that income level and employment status as well as soda consumption and the consumption of red meat were significantly correlated in explaining gender differentials in BMI across various quantiles, but the magnitude varied by quantile. Our study suggests the government should consider introducing programs that specifically target women to help them reduce BMI. These programs could include organizing sporting events at the workplace and at the national level. Furthermore, the effect of soda consumption could be reduced by levying a tax on beverages, which might reduce the demand for soda due to the increased price.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi
- Department of Health Services and Hospital Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gowokani Chijere Chirwa
- Centre for Health economics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK or
- Economics Department, Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Zomba, P.O. Box 280, Malawi
| | - Tony Mwenda Kamninga
- Department of Social and Health Sciences, Millennium University, Blantyre P.O. Box 2797, Malawi;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Braun B, Newman A. Accounting for the Nutritional Context to Correctly Interpret Results from Studies of Exercise and Sedentary Behavior. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092230. [PMID: 31527417 PMCID: PMC6769997 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a wealth of research lauding the benefits of exercise to oppose cardiometabolic disease such as diabetes, CVD and hypertension. However, in the great majority of these studies, the nutritional context (energy balance, deficit, or surplus) has been ignored, despite its profound effect on responses to both exercise and inactivity. Even a minor energy deficit or surplus can strongly modulate the magnitude and duration of the metabolic responses to an intervention; therefore, failure to account for this important confounding variable obscures clear interpretation of the results from studies of exercise or inactivity. The aim of this review is to highlight key lessons from studies examining the interaction between exercise and sedentary behavior, energy status, and glucose and insulin regulation. In addition to identifying notable problems, we suggest a few potential solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Braun
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Alissa Newman
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Association of Exercise with Control of Eating and Energy Intake. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-019-00255-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
10
|
Germeroth LJ, Wallace ML, Levine MD. Taste manipulation during a food cue-reactivity task: Effects on cue-elicited food craving and subsequent food intake among individuals with overweight and obesity. Eat Behav 2019; 33:61-66. [PMID: 30959242 PMCID: PMC6535365 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Food cue-reactivity tasks are used to induce and evaluate food cravings. Extant research has implicated the role of tasting foods in heightening cue-elicited food craving. The present study was the first to evaluate a taste manipulation during a food cue-reactivity task to optimize cue-elicited craving and predict food intake. Participants with overweight/obesity (N = 35; M age = 33.46 years [SD = 13.27]; M BMI = 32.91 kg/m2 [SD = 5.34]) engaged in one laboratory session and were randomized to a 'No Taste' or 'Taste' condition. All participants reported baseline food craving and observed two types of high-calorie food cues during a cue-reactivity task: photographic and real foods. The Taste group tasted real food cues and the No Taste group did not. Cue-elicited craving was assessed after the presentation of each food cue. Calorie intake of palatable foods was subsequently measured during a bogus taste test. Results indicated that cue-elicited craving to high-calorie foods was greater for the No Taste relative to the Taste group and that calorie intake was greater for the Taste relative to the No Taste group; both effects were nonsignificant, but of medium-size. Cue-elicited craving was significantly greater following exposure to high-calorie real food cues compared to photographic food cues. Results provide initial evidence that presenting high-calorie real (vs. photographic) food cues and forgoing taste manipulation during a food cue-reactivity task may optimize cue-elicited craving, and that taste manipulation could increase subsequent food intake. Future research should be conducted to replicate findings in larger samples with greater power to detect significant effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Germeroth
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Meredith L Wallace
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, 230 South Bouquet Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Michele D Levine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Relationship between Cocoa Intake and Healthy Status: A Pilot Study in University Students. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040812. [PMID: 30813439 PMCID: PMC6412630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its polyphenol content, cocoa's potential health effects are attracting much attention, showing, among other things, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and neuroprotective actions. However, there is very limited information regarding the effect of cocoa on human immunity. This study aimed to establish the relationship between cocoa consumption and health status, focusing on physical activity habits and allergy prevalence in young people. For this, a sample of 270 university students was recruited to complete a food frequency questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and a lifestyle and health status questionnaire. The results were analysed by classifying the participants into tertiles defined according to their cocoa consumption: low (LC), moderate (MC), and high (HC) consumers. The consumption of cocoa inversely correlated with physical activity and the MC group had significantly less chronic disease frequency than the LC group. The percentage of allergic people in the MC and HC groups was lower than that in the LC group and, moreover, the cocoa intake, especially moderate consumption, was also associated with a lower presence of allergic symptoms. Thus, from these results a positive effect of cocoa intake on allergy can be suggested in the young population.
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide current information on interventions that alter food cravings. Specifically, dietary, physical activity, pharmacologic, and bariatric surgery interventions are examined. Lastly, the effects of social determinants and current controversies on food cravings are outlined. RECENT FINDINGS Dietary, pharmacologic, and bariatric surgery weight loss interventions decrease food cravings. Physical activity interventions also decrease cravings. There is potential to see differential responses in food cravings in different demographic and socioeconomic groups, but more research is needed. SUMMARY Food cravings influence body weight. Food craving reductions are because of reductions in the frequency of consuming craved foods, independent of energy content, but further research is warranted. Most findings continue to support the conditioning model of food cravings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candice A Myers
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Homeostatic and non-homeostatic appetite control along the spectrum of physical activity levels: An updated perspective. Physiol Behav 2018; 192:23-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
14
|
Blanchet C, Mathieu MÈ, St-Laurent A, Fecteau S, St-Amour N, Drapeau V. A Systematic Review of Physical Activity Interventions in Individuals with Binge Eating Disorders. Curr Obes Rep 2018; 7:76-88. [PMID: 29460067 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-018-0295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Our systematic review aims to assess the overall evidence available in the literature regarding the role of physical activity (PA) in individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) and better understand the potential underlying mechanisms of action. RECENT FINDINGS Currently, the most effective and well-established psychological treatment for BED is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with a remission rate around 80%. CBT is sometimes combined with pharmacotherapy targeting comorbidities associated with BED, such as obesity and depression. Another avenue of treatment that has been less studied is PA. It has been suggested that PA addresses the underlying mechanisms of BED and, thus, increases treatment efficiency. This systematic review provides additional knowledge concerning the benefits of PA in the treatment of individuals with BED including reduction of binge eating (BE) episodes and improvement in other associated comorbidities. Potential mechanisms of action of PA include neurochemical alterations affecting the reward system, reduction of negative affect, and its anorexigenic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Blanchet
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Mathieu
- Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Audrey St-Laurent
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Shirley Fecteau
- Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie St-Amour
- Département des Sciences infirmières, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Lévis, QC, Canada
- Programme de traitement des troubles du comportement alimentaire, Clinique St-Amour, Lévis, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Département d'éducation physique, PEPS, Université Laval, 2300, rue de la Terrasse, suite 2214, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec City, QC, Canada.
- Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|