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Jin Z, Zhang Q, Liu K, Wang S, Yan Y, Zhang B, Zhao L. The association between interleukin family and diabetes mellitus and its complications: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 210:111615. [PMID: 38513987 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and summarize the association between interleukin (IL) concentrations and diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. METHODS Meta-analyses and eligible individual studies of observational studies investigating the associations between IL and DM and its complications were included. The random-effects model was used to estimate the summary effect, and the heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the Q-statistic and the I2 metric; The Egger's regression and the χ2 test were used to test for small study effects and excess significance bias. RESULTS This overview identified 34 meta-analyses that investigated the association between IL concentrations and DM and its complications. Meta-analyses of prospective studies indicated that elevated circulating IL-6 and IL-1β had predictive value for the incident of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as well as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and the overall Hazard Ratio (HR) of T2DM was 1.28 (95 % CI: 1.17, 1.40; P<0.001) per 1 log pg/ml increment in IL-6 levels, however, there was no correlation between circulating IL-10 levels and DM. Meanwhile, the increased level of IL-6 was significantly associated several diabetic complications (Diabetic kidney disease[DKD], diabetic peripheral neuropathy[DPN], and cognitive impairment[CI]), and for the diabetic retinopathy (DR), the levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-10 in the aqueous humor and vitreous humor, but not the blood were significantly correlated with it. CONCLUSION Multiple ILs, such as the IL-6 and IL-1β, are definitively linked to DM and its complications, and they may be new targets for the diagnosis and treatment, but stronger evidence needs to be confirmed by prospective studies with larger sample sizes and longer observation periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Jin
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Health Construction Administration Center, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Boxun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China.
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Drożdż D, Drożdż M, Wójcik M. Endothelial dysfunction as a factor leading to arterial hypertension. Pediatr Nephrol 2023; 38:2973-2985. [PMID: 36409370 PMCID: PMC10432334 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05802-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension remains the main cause of cardiovascular complications leading to increased mortality. The discoveries of recent years underline the important role of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in initiating the development of arterial hypertension. The endothelium lines the interior of the entire vascular system in the body and acts as a physical barrier between blood and tissues. Substances and mediators produced by the endothelium exhibit antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Oxidative stress and inflammation are conditions that damage the endothelium and shift endothelial function from vasoprotective to vasoconstrictive, prothrombotic, and pro-apoptotic functions. A dysfunctional endothelium contributes to the development of hypertension and further cardiovascular complications. Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of ED-associated hypertension. New technologies provide tools to identify pathological changes in the structure and function of the endothelium. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) contributes to the development of arterial hypertension and should be considered in therapeutic strategies for children with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Drożdż
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Drożdż
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wójcik
- Deapartment of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Ray MK, McMichael A, Rivera-Santana M, Noel J, Hershey T. Technological Ecological Momentary Assessment Tools to Study Type 1 Diabetes in Youth: Viewpoint of Methodologies. JMIR Diabetes 2021; 6:e27027. [PMID: 34081017 PMCID: PMC8212634 DOI: 10.2196/27027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing. The management of glucose in T1D is challenging, as youth must consider a myriad of factors when making diabetes care decisions. This task often leads to significant hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and glucose variability throughout the day, which have been associated with short- and long-term medical complications. At present, most of what is known about each of these complications and the health behaviors that may lead to them have been uncovered in the clinical setting or in laboratory-based research. However, the tools often used in these settings are limited in their ability to capture the dynamic behaviors, feelings, and physiological changes associated with T1D that fluctuate from moment to moment throughout the day. A better understanding of T1D in daily life could potentially aid in the development of interventions to improve diabetes care and mitigate the negative medical consequences associated with it. Therefore, there is a need to measure repeated, real-time, and real-world features of this disease in youth. This approach is known as ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and it has considerable advantages to in-lab research. Thus, this viewpoint aims to describe EMA tools that have been used to collect data in the daily lives of youth with T1D and discuss studies that explored the nuances of T1D in daily life using these methods. This viewpoint focuses on the following EMA methods: continuous glucose monitoring, actigraphy, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, personal digital assistants, smartphones, and phone-based systems. The viewpoint also discusses the benefits of using EMA methods to collect important data that might not otherwise be collected in the laboratory and the limitations of each tool, future directions of the field, and possible clinical implications for their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Katherine Ray
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Alana McMichael
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Maria Rivera-Santana
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jacob Noel
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Department of Psychiatry, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Oxidative Stress as a Major Pathophysiological Mechanism Linked to Adverse Clinical Outcomes. ANTIOXIDANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:antiox10050752. [PMID: 34065123 PMCID: PMC8151267 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports have demonstrated the association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and increased morbidity and mortality rates during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection, setting a priority of these patients for vaccination. Impaired innate and adaptive immunity observed in T1DM seem to play a major role. Severe, life-threatening COVID-19 disease is characterized by the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, known as a "cytokine storm". Patients with T1DM present elevated levels of cytokines including interleukin-1a (IL), IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), suggesting the pre-existence of chronic inflammation, which, in turn, has been considered the major risk factor of adverse COVID-19 outcomes in many cohorts. Even more importantly, oxidative stress is a key player in COVID-19 pathogenesis and determines disease severity. It is well-known that extreme glucose excursions, the prominent feature of T1DM, are a potent mediator of oxidative stress through several pathways including the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and the increased production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Additionally, chronic endothelial dysfunction and the hypercoagulant state observed in T1DM, in combination with the direct damage of endothelial cells by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), may result in endothelial and microcirculation impairment, which contribute to the pathogenesis of acute respiratory syndrome and multi-organ failure. The binding of SARS-CoV-2 to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in pancreatic b-cells permits the direct destruction of b-cells, which contributes to the development of new-onset diabetes and the induction of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients with T1DM. Large clinical studies are required to clarify the exact pathways through which T1DM results in worse COVID-19 outcomes.
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Szabo CE, Man OI, Istrate A, Kiss E, Catana A, Creț V, Șerban RS, Pop IV. Role of Adiponectin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in the Pathogenesis and Evolution of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110945. [PMID: 33202729 PMCID: PMC7697906 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complex condition caused by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells by autoimmune mechanisms. As a result, insulin deficiency and subsequent hyperglycemia occur. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the development of T1DM. The study is designed as an observational case-control study, involving 52 diabetic patients and 66 controls. Z scores for Body Mass Index (BMI), weight, height, and adiponectin and TNF-α serum levels were assessed in both groups. The T1DM group had significantly higher TNF-α levels and a significantly higher proportion of high-risk patients for inflammation based on TNF-α values as compared to the control group, while both groups had statistically similar adiponectin levels and a similar proportion of high/medium-risk patients based on adiponectin values. TNF-α plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and evolution of T1DM and it may represent an additional marker of disease progression, as well as a potential target of immunotherapeutic strategies. In the present study, no statistically significant differences were recorded in adiponectin levels neither in diabetic patients and controls, nor in high/medium severity risk diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Enikő Szabo
- Department of Pediatrics Clinic I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Victor Babeș street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.K.); (R.S.Ș.)
- Department of Pediatrics Clinic I, Emergency Clinic Hospital for Children, Motilor street 68, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.I.M.); (V.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Oana Iulia Man
- Department of Pediatrics Clinic I, Emergency Clinic Hospital for Children, Motilor street 68, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.I.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Alexandru Istrate
- Department of Epidemiology, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Iuliu Moldovan street 23, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Eva Kiss
- Department of Pediatrics Clinic I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Victor Babeș street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.K.); (R.S.Ș.)
- Department of Pediatrics Clinic I, Emergency Clinic Hospital for Children, Motilor street 68, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.I.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Andreea Catana
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Louis Pasteur street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (I.V.P.)
| | - Victoria Creț
- Department of Pediatrics Clinic I, Emergency Clinic Hospital for Children, Motilor street 68, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.I.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Radu Sorin Șerban
- Department of Pediatrics Clinic I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Victor Babeș street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.K.); (R.S.Ș.)
- Department of Pediatrics Clinic I, Emergency Clinic Hospital for Children, Motilor street 68, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.I.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Ioan Victor Pop
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Louis Pasteur street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (I.V.P.)
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6
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Pastore I, Bolla AM, Montefusco L, Lunati ME, Rossi A, Assi E, Zuccotti GV, Fiorina P. The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Cardiovascular Risk Onset in Children and Adolescents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144928. [PMID: 32664699 PMCID: PMC7403998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rising among children and adolescents worldwide. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. We review the impact of diabetes on establishing, during childhood and adolescence, the premises for cardiovascular diseases later in life. Interestingly, it seems that hyperglycemia is not the only factor that establishes an increased cardiovascular risk in adolescence. Other factors have been recognized to play a role in triggering the onset of latent cardiovascular diseases in the pediatric population. Among these cardiovascular risk factors, some are modifiable: glucose variability, hypoglycemia, obesity, insulin resistance, waist circumference, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking alcohol, microalbuminuria and smoking. Others are unmodifiable, such as diabetes duration and family history. Among the etiological factors, subclinical endothelial dysfunction represents one of the earliest key players of atherosclerosis and it can be detected during early ages in patients with diabetes. A better assessment of cardiovascular risk in pediatric population still represents a challenge for clinicians, and thus further efforts are required to properly identify and treat pediatric patients who may suffer from cardiovascular disease later in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Pastore
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.P.); (A.M.B.); (L.M.); (M.E.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Andrea Mario Bolla
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.P.); (A.M.B.); (L.M.); (M.E.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Laura Montefusco
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.P.); (A.M.B.); (L.M.); (M.E.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Maria Elena Lunati
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.P.); (A.M.B.); (L.M.); (M.E.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.P.); (A.M.B.); (L.M.); (M.E.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Emma Assi
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano and Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.P.); (A.M.B.); (L.M.); (M.E.L.); (A.R.)
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy;
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-919-2624
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Glackin S, Islam N, Henderson AM, Dionne JM, Harris KC, Panagiotopoulos C, Devlin AM. Ambulatory blood pressure and carotid intima media thickness in children with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2020; 21:358-365. [PMID: 31825119 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Blood pressure abnormalities may play an important role in macrovascular damage in type 1 diabetes. Little is known about blood pressure abnormalities and macrovascular damage in children with type 1 diabetes. METHODS Children with type 1 diabetes (n = 57) for a short (3 months-2 years; n = 24) or long duration (≥5 years; n = 33) and a group of control children without diabetes (n = 29) completed 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), a subclinical indicator of atherosclerosis, was assessed by carotid ultrasound. RESULTS ABPM abnormalities were more prevalent (57% vs 24%, respectively), and daytime, nighttime and 24-h systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure indices were higher in children with type 1 diabetes compared to control children. The odds estimate of an ABPM abnormality was 6.68 (95% confidence interval: 1.95, 22.9; P = .003) in children with type 1 diabetes compared to controls after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI standardized for age and sex (zBMI). An interaction between ABPM and zBMI on cIMT was observed. In children with type 1 diabetes and ABPM abnormalities, every 1 SD increase in zBMI was associated with a 0.030 mm increase in cIMT (95% confidence interval: 0.002, 0.041; P = .031). This was not observed in control children with ABPM abnormalities or in children with normal ABPM, regardless of type 1 diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS Children with type 1 diabetes have a high prevalence of ABPM abnormalities independent of disease duration and this is related to early indicators of cardiovascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead Glackin
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nazrul Islam
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda M Henderson
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Janis M Dionne
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kevin C Harris
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Constadina Panagiotopoulos
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Angela M Devlin
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
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Gómez-Díaz RA, Rodríguez-Moran M, Mondragón-González R, Wacher NH, Guerrero-Romero F. Adipocytokines and High Blood Pressure in Mexican Children. Endocr Res 2019; 44:159-167. [PMID: 31042407 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2019.1610771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Given that adipocytokines may play an important role in the pathophysiology of high blood pressure (HBP) and because related reports in children are scarce and controversial, we evaluated the relationship of leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, adiponectin, and interferon-γ with HBP. Materials and Methods. A total of 129 (53.8%) girls and 111 (46.2%) boys, with average ages of 10.8 ± 0.9 and 10.6 ± 1.0 years, respectively, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. HBP was defined by systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between the 90th and 95th percentiles. A multivariate logistic regression backwards-stepwise analysis adjusted for body mass index, waist circumference, and triglyceride levels was performed to compute the association between adipocytokines and HBP. Results. Seventy-two (30.0%) participants showed HBP: 44 (61.1%) girls and 28 (38.9%) boys. Multivariate analysis showed that, irrespective of obesity, serum levels of adiponectin, but not those of other adipocytokines, are inversely associated with HBP (odds ratio 0.93; 95% CI 0.77 to 0.98, p = .04). Conclusions. Our results show that low serum adiponectin levels, but not those of other adipocytokines, are inversely associated with HBP; this association is independent of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita A Gómez-Díaz
- Epidemiology Research Unit of UMAE, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI , Mexico city , Mexico
| | - Martha Rodríguez-Moran
- Biomedical Research Unit of the Mexican Social Security Institute at Durango , Durango , Mexico
- Research Group on Diabetes and Chronic Illnesses at Durango , Durango , Mexico
| | - Rafael Mondragón-González
- Epidemiology Research Unit of UMAE, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI , Mexico city , Mexico
| | - Niels H Wacher
- Epidemiology Research Unit of UMAE, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI , Mexico city , Mexico
| | - Fernando Guerrero-Romero
- Biomedical Research Unit of the Mexican Social Security Institute at Durango , Durango , Mexico
- Research Group on Diabetes and Chronic Illnesses at Durango , Durango , Mexico
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Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-15 as Possible Biomarkers of the Risk of Autoimmune Diabetes Development. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4734063. [PMID: 31772933 PMCID: PMC6854156 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4734063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aim The aim of our study was to assay circulating interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and insulin resistance measured by two different methods in newly diagnosed autoimmune diabetes (AD) patients, their I° relatives, and healthy controls. Material and Methods The group studied consisted of 54 patients with AD (28 with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) and 26 with type 1 diabetes (T1D)), 70 first-degree relatives, and 60 controls. IL-6, IL-15, and anti-islet antibodies concentrations were measured by ELISA method. Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMAIR) and estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) were calculated. Results The patients with AD had significantly higher IL-15, IL-6, and HOMAIR and lower eGDR than the controls (p < 0.001, respectively) and first-degree relatives (p < 0.001, respectively). Significantly higher IL-15 and IL-6 were shown in the relatives with positive Ab as compared to the relatives without antibodies (p < 0.001, respectively) and the controls (p < 0.001, respectively). IL-15 negatively correlated with eGDR (r = −0.436, p = 0.021) in LADA and positively with HOMAIR in LADA and T1D (r = 0.507, p < 0.001; r = 0.4209, p < 0.001). Conclusions Significantly higher IL-15 and IL-6 concentrations, HOMAIR, and markedly lower eGDR in newly diagnosed AD patients and first-degree relatives with positive anti-islet antibodies might suggest the role of these pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. IL-15 and IL-6 might be used as biomarkers of the risk of autoimmune diabetes development, in particular IL-15 for LADA. Both methods of IR measurement appear equally useful for calculating insulin resistance in autoimmune diabetes.
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10
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Markers of endothelial injury and subclinical inflammation in children and adolescents with primary hypertension. Cent Eur J Immunol 2019; 44:253-261. [PMID: 31871416 PMCID: PMC6925569 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2019.89597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adhesion molecules: E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) are well-established markers of endothelial injury. The aim of the study was to assess the relation between E-selectin and ICAM-1 and clinical and biochemical parameters in children and adolescents with primary hypertension (PH). Material and methods In 77 patients with PH (15.04 ±2.62 years, 50 boys, 27 girls) we evaluated serum E-selectin, ICAM-1, and selected clinical and biochemical parameters including inflammatory indicators and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Results The E-selectin concentration was 55.63 ±26.49 ng/ml and the ICAM-1 concentration was 302.17 ±67.14 ng/ml. E-selectin and ICAM-1 correlated (p < 0.05) with BMI Z-score (r = 0.24, r = 0.29), ICAM-1 also with uric acid (r = 0.35), HDL-cholesterol (r = –0.28), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (r = 0.26), and systolic and mean blood pressure variability (r = 0.24, r = 0.24); in boys ICAM-1 correlated with mean platelet volume (r = 0.29). In multivariate analysis the only significant predictor of E-selectin was mean arterial pressure during 24 hours (β = 0.329, 95% CI: 0.012-0.646) and of ICAM-1 – uric acid (β = 0.430, 95% CI: 0.040-0.819). In 27 children with newly diagnosed PH E-selectin correlated negatively with diastolic blood pressure dipping (r = –0.54, p = 0.004) and positively with ambulatory arterial stiffness index (r = 0.51, p = 0.012). Conclusions Elevated mean arterial pressure and hyperuricemia are risk factors of endothelial damage in paediatric patients with primary hypertension. In children with untreated primary hypertension there may be a relation between endothelial damage and disturbed circadian blood pressure profile.
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11
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Longer Sleep Duration and Endothelial Cell Health Among a Multiethnic Sample of Adolescents. Psychosom Med 2019; 81:778-781. [PMID: 31592937 PMCID: PMC7983183 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adverse endothelial cell health, an early pathogenic process underlying atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, is evident in childhood and adolescence. Sleep duration, a modifiable cardiovascular health behavior, may be an important cardiovascular disease prevention target that may affect endothelial cell health. We examined the associations of longer sleep duration with endothelial cell injury among youth. METHODS In a multiethnic sample of 235 children (63.0% female, mean age = 13.9 years), we conducted multivariable linear regressions to test the cross-sectional association of sleep duration and circulating levels of endothelial cell-derived microparticles (EMPs), phenotypic for endothelial cell activation and apoptosis (CD62E+ EMPs, CD31+/CD42b- EMPs, and CD31+/Annexin V+ EMPs). Sleep duration and EMPs were both treated as continuous variables. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, pubertal status, household economic resources, and waist circumference. RESULTS Overall, 69.2% had short sleep duration (<8 hours of sleep per night). Longer sleep duration was significantly associated with lower levels of CD62E+ EMPs and CD31+/CD42b- EMPs. A 60-minute increase in sleep duration was associated with an 8.40 (95% confidence interval = -205.20 to -1.80, p = .046) decrease in CD62E+ EMPs and a 9.00 (95% confidence interval = -153.60 to -9.60, p = .027) decrease in CD31+/CD42b- EMPs. Sleep duration was not associated with CD31+/Annexin V+ EMPs. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that sleeping longer has beneficial effects on endothelial cell health during childhood. Primordial prevention efforts might incorporate sleep extension to offset cardiovascular risk in youth.
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Christofaro DGD, Mesas AE, Ritti Dias RM, Fernandes RA, Saraiva BTC, Palma MR, Silva DAS, de Andrade SM. Association between hypertension in adolescents and the health risk factors of their parents: an epidemiological family study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 12:182-189. [PMID: 29361430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension in adolescence may be a predictor of cardiovascular problems in adulthood. Therefore, verification of the factors associated with this condition in adolescence is important. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between hypertension in adolescents with hypertension and the sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle of their parents. This study was conducted on 1231 adolescents, 1202 mothers, and 871 fathers. The blood pressure of the adolescents was measured with an oscillometric device. Details of parental hypertension, sociodemographic characteristics, and lifestyle were obtained by self-report. The prevalence of hypertension was higher among adolescents with older fathers and older mothers, with both parents reporting hypertension and with mothers who were overweight. In multivariable analysis, adolescents with older mothers (OR = 2.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-4.98), hypertensive mothers (OR = 2.22 [95% CI = 1.26-3.89]), and hypertensive fathers (OR = 1.70 [95% CI = 1.03-2.81]) were more likely to have hypertension. In the analysis that considered clusters of health risk factors, higher risks of hypertension were observed in adolescents whose mothers had four or more aggregated risk factors (OR = 2.53 [95% CI = 1.11-5.74]). In conclusion, there was a relationship between hypertension in adolescents and hypertension in their parents. However, an association between hypertension in adolescents and parental age and clusters of health risk factors was only observed for their mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Arthur E Mesas
- Department of Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Rômulo A Fernandes
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna T C Saraiva
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana R Palma
- UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego A S Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Selma M de Andrade
- Department of Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Gourgari E, Dabelea D, Rother K. Modifiable Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: Can Early Intervention Prevent Future Cardiovascular Events? Curr Diab Rep 2017; 17:134. [PMID: 29101482 PMCID: PMC5670186 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-017-0968-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Patients with type 1 diabetes have increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this review is to examine the following: i) current evidence for subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) ii) known modifiable risk factors for CVD and their relationship to subclinical CVD in this population iii) studies that have addressed these risk factors in order to improve CVD outcomes in children with T1DM RECENT FINDINGS: Subclinical CVD presents in children as increased carotid intima-media thickness, increased arterial stiffness, and endothelial and myocardial dysfunction. Modifiable risk factors for CVD include hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, depression, and autonomic dysfunction. Very few randomized controlled studies have been done in children with T1DM to examine how modification of these risk factors can affect their CVD. Children with T1DM have subclinical CVD and multiple modifiable risk factors for CVD. More research is needed to define how modification of these factors affects the progression of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Gourgari
- Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN) and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Kristina Rother
- Section on Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
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Chen YL, Qiao YC, Pan YH, Xu Y, Huang YC, Wang YH, Geng LJ, Zhao HL, Zhang XX. Correlation between serum interleukin-6 level and type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytokine 2017; 94:14-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Qiao YC, Chen YL, Pan YH, Tian F, Xu Y, Zhang XX, Zhao HL. The change of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176157. [PMID: 28426801 PMCID: PMC5398633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was used meta-analysis to investigate changes of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS Relevant literatures were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang and Chinese-Cqvip databases (published from January 1, 1999 to September 30, 2016). Eligible reports were included for pooled analysis of serum TNF-α level and subgroup analysis was performed in relation with age, disease duration and ethnicity. RESULTS A total of 23 articles (1631 T1DM cases, 1429 healthy controls) were included for this meta-analysis. Compared with the controls, the patients had significantly increased serum TNF-α level (P < 0.001). Similar results were also found among all subgroup analysis of different age, disease duration and ethnicity (with the exception of Asian) (all P < 0.05). Regression analysis indicated that age (P = 0.680), disease duration (P = 0.957), and ethnicity (P = 0.526) of patients were not significant impact factors for the high heterogeneity. The results were stable according to the sensitivity analysis and no publication bias existed in this meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS Serum TNF-α level in T1DM patients has significantly elevated among all age, disease duration and ethnicity groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-chao Qiao
- Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yin-ling Chen
- Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yan-hong Pan
- Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Fang Tian
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-xi Zhang
- Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Hai-lu Zhao
- Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Aburawi EH, AlKaabi J, Zoubeidi T, Shehab A, Lessan N, Al Essa A, Yasin J, Saadi H, Souid AK. Subclinical Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Young Patients with Diabetes: A Study from United Arab Emirates. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159808. [PMID: 27459718 PMCID: PMC4961363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of obesity and dyslipidemia on cardiovascular health in adolescents and young adults with diabetes is incompletely understood. This study evaluated the effects of these co-morbidities on markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in young patients with the disease. Methods The study investigated sets of inflammatory, endothelial, and adipocyte biomarkers in 79 patients with type 1 diabetes, 55 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 47 controls. Results Mean (±SD) age was 20±6 y (median = 17, range = 12–31). Patients with diabetes had higher levels of cytoadhesive molecules (sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1, p<0.001), adiponectin (p<0.001), and haptoglobin (p = 0.023). Their heart rate variability assessment revealed lower standard deviation of beat-to-beat intervals and lower total power (p≤0.019), reflecting autonomous nervous dysfunction. Hemoglobin A1c >8.0% (estimated average blood glucose >10 mmol/L) was associated with higher adiponectin (p<0.001) and obesity was associated with lower adiponectin (p<0.001); thus, obesity damped the effect of hyperglycemia on adiponectin. Obesity was associated with higher sICAM-1 (p≤0.015), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), p<0.001. Similarly, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) <1.02 mmol/L was associated with higher sICAM-1, TNFα, IL-6, and hsCRP (p≤0.009) and lower adiponectin (p<0.001). Adiponectin correlated negatively with the inflammatory biomarkers in patients with diabetes. Conclusion Subclinical inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are common among young patients with diabetes. Poor diabetes control is associated with higher adiponectin. Obesity and dyslipidemia are associated with lower adiponectin and higher inflammatory and endothelial biomarkers. Intuitively, these predictors of cardiovascular disease are amenable to proper glycemic control, nutritional choices, and regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elhadi H. Aburawi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Juma AlKaabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- * E-mail:
| | - Taoufik Zoubeidi
- Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdullah Shehab
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nader Lessan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imperial College London Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Awad Al Essa
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Javed Yasin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Abdul-Kader Souid
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Danielson KK, Monson RS, LeCaire TJ. Factors Associated with Higher Pro-Inflammatory Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels in Young Women with Type 1 Diabetes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2016; 124:140-7. [PMID: 27008631 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1569374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS While cytokines play a role in the etiology of type 1 diabetes, cytokines later in the disease are less understood. We therefore investigated associations of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α levels measured at prolonged disease duration with C-peptide at diagnosis, long-term glycemic control, diabetes duration, clinical factors, and health behaviors. METHODS Data and blood were collected during an ancillary study to the longitudinal Wisconsin Diabetes Registry, a population-based cohort followed since diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. The ancillary study was conducted at 13-18 years diabetes duration, and enrolled premenopausal women age 18-45 years (n=87). RESULTS Higher tumor necrosis factor-α levels at 13-18 years diabetes duration were independently associated with longer duration (p=0.0004) and worse current renal function (p=0.02). Additionally, diabetes duration modified both of the positive associations of tumor necrosis factor-α levels (both interactions p≤0.01) with mean glycemic control during the previous 10 years (significant only in women with longer durations) and current daily caffeine intake (significant only in women with shorter durations). In women with C-peptide measured at diagnosis (n=50), higher tumor necrosis factor-α levels at 13-18 years duration were associated with lower C-peptide (p=0.01), independent of glycemic control during the previous 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Lower residual C-peptide at diagnosis and poor long-term glycemic control independently predicted higher pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α levels years later. The novel relationship with C-peptide needs confirmation in a larger cohort. Given the association between tumor necrosis factor-α and diabetes complications, further longitudinal studies may help clarify the potentially complex associations between glycemic control, inflammatory cytokines, and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Danielson
- Division of Transplant Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - R S Monson
- Division of Transplant Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - T J LeCaire
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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Zachurzok A, Deja G, Gawlik A, Drosdzol-Cop A, Klimek K, Malecka-Tendera E. Lipid Profile in Adolescent Girls with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperandrogenemia. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:9473158. [PMID: 27239195 PMCID: PMC4863114 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9473158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives. The study aim was to evaluate whether hyperandrogenemia in adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) may adversely influence lipid profile. Design and Participants. Lipid levels in 16 diabetic girls with biochemical hyperandrogenemia (T1DM-H) aged 16.3 ± 1.2 years were compared to 38 diabetic girls with normal androgen levels (T1DM-N) aged 15.8 ± 1.2 years. 15 healthy girls served as controls (CG). In all patients, anthropometric measurements were done, and androgens and SHBG were assessed. Results. In T1DM-H, total cholesterol (TC) and low density cholesterol (LDL-ch) were significantly higher than in CG (196.1 ± 41.2 versus 162.7 ± 31.7 mg/dL, p = 0.01; 117.3 ± 33.1 versus 91.3 ± 27.8 mg/dL, p = 0.01, resp.). Their LDL-ch, non-high density cholesterol (non-HDL-ch) concentrations, and LDL/HDL ratio were also significantly higher than in T1DM-N (117.3 ± 33.1 versus 97.7 ± 26.7 mg/dL, p = 0.03; 137.3 ± 42.9 versus 113.3 ± 40.4 mg/dL, p = 0.04; 2.8 ± 3.7 versus 1.6 ± 0.5, p = 0.04, resp.). In stepwise multiple linear regression, free androgen index (FAI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were associated with TC (R (2) = 0.4, p < 0.0006), non-HDL-ch (R (2) = 0.4, p < 0.0003), and LDL-ch (R (2) = 0.4, p < 0.0008). Triglycerides and LDL/HDL ratio were (R (2) = 0.7, p < 0.0001, R (2) = 0.6, p < 0.0003 resp.) related to testosterone, FAI, WHR, and mean HbA1c. Conclusion. Lipid profile in diabetic adolescent girls is adversely influenced by the androgens level, particularly in the group with higher WHR and poorer glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zachurzok
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow Street 16, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- *Agnieszka Zachurzok:
| | - Grazyna Deja
- Department of Pediatric Diabetes, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow Street 16, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aneta Gawlik
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow Street 16, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Drosdzol-Cop
- Department of Woman's Health, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow Street 12, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Klimek
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, School of Pharmacy in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jednosci Street 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Ewa Malecka-Tendera
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow Street 16, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
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Yücel H, Zorlu A, Kaya H, Yılmaz MB. Regular blood donation improves endothelial function in adult males. Anatol J Cardiol 2015; 16:154-8. [PMID: 26467374 PMCID: PMC5336799 DOI: 10.5152/akd.2015.6093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial dysfunction, secondary to systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, is known to play a major role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. It is hypothesized that the lower incidence of coronary artery disease in the premenopausal period in females when compared with males is associated with regular menstrual blood loss. We investigated whether regular blood donation (BD) is associated with improved endothelial function in healthy adult males. METHODS Fifty young healthy male volunteers volunteers with a mean age of 30 ± 6 years without overt cardiovascular disease were enrolled to participate in serial consecutive BDs. Serum iron levels as oxidative stress parameters, flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) for endothelial function, 24-h mean diastolic blood pressure for peripheral vascular resistance identification, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels as systemic inflammatory markers were evaluated before and after BD. This study used a prospective observational cohort design. Patients with cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases were excluded. RESULTS BD was found to improve FMD steadily and significantly when compared with the baseline (mean ± SD: 9.9% ± 3.8%, 10.44% ± 3.9%, 10.65% ± 3.9%, and 10.75 ± 3.9%, respectively, p=0.15, p=0.02, p=0.006 as compared with the baseline). A steady decrease was identified in hs-CRP levels after serial BDs, although this decrease was not statistically significant in the all phases (2.96 ± 3.3 mg/L, 2.26 ± 1.5 mg/L, and 2.12 ± 1.5 mg/L, respectively, p=0.829, p=0.558). The 24-h mean diastolic blood pressures were significantly lower in the chronic phase (77 ± 9 mm Hg, 75 ± 7 mm Hg, and 72 ± 8 mm Hg, respectively, p=0.50, p=0.003), whereas there was no significant change in iron levels in the acute and chronic phases (66 ± 32 mg/dL, 72 ± 43 mg/dL, and 68 ± 33 mg/dL, respectively, p=1.000, p=1.000). CONCLUSION The results of the study indicate that regular BD improves endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Yücel
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University; Sivas-Turkey.
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